A. 八年級上學期的英語語法總結（全部）！
一、只能修飾可數名詞的詞語有:
many, many a(n), a good / great many, a (great / large) number of, scores of, dozens of等。例如:
Scores of people went there in the first few days after its opening.
開張後的頭幾天,很多人去了那兒。
I have been there dozens of times.
我已去過那兒很多次了。
There』re a number of students reading English in the classroom.
教室里有許多學生在讀英語。
Many a student has(=many students have)visited the Great Wall.(謂語動詞用單數)
很多學生都游覽過長城。
In winter, a good many animals sleep under the snow.
冬天很多動物在雪下冬眠。
注意: many所修飾的復數名詞前若有限定詞,many 後面要接of, 表示「……中的很多」。 例如:
A great many(of the) graates have found jobs.
畢業生中很多人已經找到了工作。
二、只能修飾不可數名詞的詞語有:
much, a great deal of, a great / large amount of等。例如:
Is there much water in the bucket?
桶里有很多水嗎?
He always has a great amount of work to do.
他總是有很多工作要做。
三、既能修飾可數名詞又能修飾不可數名詞的詞語有:
a lot of, lots of, plenty of (以上三個詞語後謂語動詞的數依of 後的名詞的單復數而定),a great / large quantity of (其後謂語用單數),quantities of (其後謂語用復數)。例如:
There is still lots of snow in the garden.
花園里還有許多雪。
There is plenty of rain here.
這兒的雨水很多。
A great quantity of flowers was placed in the hall.
大廳里放了很多鮮花。
There are large quantities of food in the cupboard.
櫥櫃里有許多食物。
在所有這些表示「很多」的詞語中many, much 是最常用的詞,它們既可以用於肯定句,也可以用於疑問句和否定句。例如:
Are there many people in the street?
街上有很多人嗎?
There isn』t much time left.
剩下的時間不多了。
其它的詞語都用於肯定句,日常會話中常用lots of, a lot of 或plenty of; 正式文體中常用 a great many, a (large) number of, a great deal of, scores of 或 dozens of 等。但若肯定句中有too, so, as, very或how 等詞修飾時,則必須使用 many, much。例如:
The number of the people who lost their homes reached as many as 250,000.
無家可歸的人數多達250,000人。
There is too much work to do.
要做的工作太多了。
或者是這樣的，你自己看下，哪Unit 1 How often do you exercise?
Grammar: 特殊疑問句：wh-questions: what, who, where, when, which, whose, why, whom等。
特殊疑問句的構成及用法：
結構：特殊疑問詞+ 一般疑問句， 即：特殊疑問詞+be/助動詞/情態動詞+主語+謂語/表語（+其他）
疑問代詞：
1) Who:誰。做主語，用來指人 Who is the boy under the tree?
2）Whom 誰，做賓語，用來指人 Whom are you writing to?
3) Whose 誰的，用來指所屬關系，如果做定語，一般後接名詞 Whose pen is this?
4) Which 哪個，哪些，用來指對人或物在一定范圍之內進行選擇 Which grils will in the sports meeting? Which pen is Lily』s?
5)What什麼，通常指物，也可指人，一般用在沒有指出范圍的情況下 What can you see in the picture? What are you doing now?
疑問副詞：
When:何時，詢問時間 When will she come back?
Where何地，詢問地點， Where do you come from?
Why為什麼，詢問原因， Why are you late for school?
How 如何，詢問手段、方式、工具以及程度等 How do you usually go to school?
How old多大，詢問年齡，How old is Jim』s little brother?
How many/much多少，詢問數量 How many birds are there in the tree?
How far多遠，詢問距離， How far is it form your home to school?
How long多長，多久，詢問時間的長度或距離 How long will you stay in Beijing?
How often多長時間按一次，詢問頻率 How often do you go to see your grandparents?
How soon多久，詢問時間 How soon will you come back?
頻率副詞：表示動作發生的頻率，never, sometimes, often, usually, always.
Unit 2 What』s the matter with you?
Grammar:
1. 用have 來描述身體不適 have/have got a +疾病名字；得了……病
2.情態動詞should,情態動詞should,can, may, must沒有人稱和時態的變化，後接動詞原形
Unit 3 What are you doing for vacation?
Grammar:現在進行時表將來 一般將來時
表示將要做某事或計劃打算做某事要用到句型「be+doing」其中be是助動詞，它有人稱和單復數的變化。Be: am, is, are. be + v.ing是現在進行時的形式，但用於表示將來。用進行時表將來，常用於表示即將來臨的未來預定要做的事情，一般指個人計劃要做的事。用於此情況的動詞一般是表示位置轉移的動詞，如，go, come, leave, start, arrive, move等。
一．肯定句中，結構為「be+doing.」
I am going shopping this afternoon.
二．否定句是在be之後加not. I』m not going to shopping this afternoon.
三．一般疑問句是將be置於句首 Are you going shopping this afternoon?—Yes, I am/ we are. No, I』m not./ We aren』t.
四．特殊疑問句「疑問詞+一般疑問句語序。」
What are you doing for vacation? When is he going camping?
Who are you going there with? Where is she going?
Unit 4 How do you get to school?
Grammar: How引導的特殊疑問句：是指以How, how far, how long, how old,how many, how much等詞開頭的疑問句。
How does he get to shool?---- He takes the train to get to shool.
How long does it take to walk? ----It takes about 35 minutes to walk.
How far is it from your home to school? It』s four miles from my home to school.
How old is he now? She is twelve years old now.
How many storybooks do you have? I have five storybooks.
How much is this coat? This coat is 200 yuan.
特殊疑問句的簡略結構：how about…?+ 名詞或動詞-ing形式，用於提出建議、請求或徵求意見、詢問消息等。如：How about playing tennis?
Unit 5 Can you come to my party?
Grammar:情態動詞can及邀請句式及其問答
情態動詞can的用法：
Can 是最長用的情態動詞，其後跟動詞原形，can的否定形式為cannot，can』t.
can表「能力」，意思是：能，會 I can paly basketball,but I can』t swim.
can表示能力時可和be able to 互換，be able to有更多的時態，常被用來表示can所 不能表示的將來或完成的概念。E.g. They will be able to run this machine on their own in three months.
表示「可能性」，意思是：可以，可能。That big cinema can seat 5,000 people.
表示允許，意思是可以能夠 You can have the book when I have finished it.
表示「驚訝、不相信等（用於疑問句、否定句或感嘆句中」。意思是「會、可能。」
This can』t be true. Can it be true?
如何發出、接受和謝絕別人的邀請
表達邀請的常用句型：
Can you come to…?
Could you come to…?
Would you like to come to…?
Do you want to come to…?
接受邀請的常用句型：
Sure. Certainly. OK. I』d love to.
謝絕邀請的常用句型：
I』m sorry, I can』t. I have to…
I』m afraid I can』t. I have to…
I don』t think I can. I have to…
Unit 6 I』m more outgoing than my sister.
Grammar:形容詞的比較級
規則變化、不規則變化（課本P93）
than 是比較級中最常見的標志詞，意思是「比」。用於引出比較的對象。1.He draws better than me.2.You』re older than I am. You are older than me.
形容詞比較級前，有時可以用much,far, a little,a bit, even, three times等詞來修飾。Much 和far表示「……得多」,much better好得多，a little, a bit表示稍微，一些，一點。a little shorter, 稍微矮點；even表示「甚至，更加，還要……」even bigger還要大些，three times表示 「…三倍」，如three times bigger than 比……大三倍
Very絕不可以用來修飾比較級，very,so,too, quite 修飾原級
Unit 7 How do you make banana milk shake?
Grammar: 可數名詞與不可數名詞
一．可數名詞
英語中的物質名詞大體上可分為可數名詞和不可數名詞。可數名詞指物體的數量可數。其單數形式可在名詞前加a或an,表示一個，如a pear. 其負數形式要在詞尾加-s,或-es（特殊情況除外），如two bananas, three tomatoes. Many many apples a few students few bags
二．不可數名詞
1.不可數名詞指物體的數量不可數。不可數名詞沒有單復數之分，也不能在詞前直接加冠詞a 或an.表示不可數名詞的數量時可在不可數名詞前加相應的由量詞構成的短語。如a bag of… 2.常見的量詞短語有：
a piece of… a cup of… a teaspoon of… a bottle of…
3.不可數名詞還可以用下面的詞表示數量：much much rain a little little
4.既可以修飾不可數名詞又可以修飾不可數名詞的詞有：
Lots of= a lot of許多，大量 some一些（用於肯定句）any一些（用於否定句和一般疑問句）
Unit 8 How was your school trip?
Grammar:
一般過去時：指在過去某一時間內發生的動作或存在的狀態，常和表示過去意義的時間狀語連用。如：yesterday, last year(week,month…),two years ago, in2006等。有時也可用when,after,before, as soon as引導的時間狀語從句。該時態在句中的體現是謂語動詞用過去式。謂語be動詞→was/were 否定：wasn』t /weren』t
Be動詞句型
一般疑問句：was/were +主語…
特殊疑問句：疑問詞+was/were+主語
陳述句：主語+was/were+…(肯定句) 否定句：主語+wasn』t/weren』t+…
行為動詞句型（當句中的動詞為行為動詞時，要藉助動詞did構成一般疑問句和否定句）
肯定式：主語+動詞過去式
否定式：主語+didn』t+動詞原形
一般疑問句：Did +主語+動詞原形
特殊疑問句：Did+主語+動詞原形
Unit 9 When was he born?
Grammar: 一般過去時的特殊疑問句
一般過去時的特殊疑問句的變法同一般現在時一樣，不同之處在於須將be動詞或助動詞改為過去時態，即「特殊疑問詞+were或was(第三人稱單數)+主語+（表語）+其他成分」或「特殊疑問詞+助動詞did+主語+實義動詞+其他成分。」
以when引導的特殊疑問句，對某人的出生年月進行提問，句型是：
When was/were…born? … was/were born in +時間
When was David beckham born? 大衛.貝克漢姆是什麼時候出生的？He was born in 1975.
二．以how long 引導的特殊疑問句，對表示某一短時間的狀語進行提問。句型是：
How long did + 主語+動詞？
How long did Charles Smith hiccup? He hiccupped for 69 years and 5 months.
三．When did he start hiccupping? 他什麼時候開始打嗝？When +did+主語+動詞？
Unit 10 I』m going to be a basketball player.
Grammar:一般將來時
表示將來某個時間要發生的動作或存在的狀態，也表示將來經常或反復發生的動作，常與表示將來的時間狀語連用。
1. be going to + 動詞原形 What are you going to do next Sunday?
2. will/shall + 動詞原形 I will go to my hometown next week.
3.be +v.ing The Greens are moving to another city the day after tomorrow.
4. be +動詞不定式 You are to be back by 10 o』clock.
5. be + about + 動詞不定式 The meeting is about to begin.
Unit 11 Could you please clean your room?
Grammar:情態動詞
情態動詞，表示說話者對某一動作的看法和態度，包括可能、懷疑、允許、願望、必要、猜測等。Can(能、會),may( 可以),must( 必須、一定)等。
情態動詞的特點：(1)情態動詞有一定詞義，但不能單獨作謂語，必須和另一個動詞原形一起構成謂語，且沒有人稱和數的變化。1. I can speak English. 2. She must be a teacher. 3. We may go home now.
(2)變否定句時，直接在情態動詞後面加not,無需加助動詞。He can』t play the guitar well.
He can』t answer the question. You mustn』t be late.
(3)含有情態動詞的句子變一般疑問句時，須將情態動詞提前。Can you help me? Must I go there at once?
(4)can 可表示能力、允許、可能性、懷疑猜測，意為「能，會，可以。」can』t, 意為「不能，不會，不可以。」，還有「不可能」之意。
--Can you drive? – Sorry, I can』t. It can』t be true.
(5)can 也可表示請求與邀請
Can you please sweep the floor?
Unit12 What』s the best radio station?
Grammar:形容詞/副詞的最高級，用於三者或三者以上的人或事物之間的比較，表示在一群人或事物中，其中一個 「最……」見課本p93語法
the +最高級 She is the tallest of all her classmates.
最高級可被序數詞以及much, by far,nearly,almost, by no means, not quite,not really, nothing like等修飾。This hat is by far the biggest.
表示最高程度的形容詞，excellent, extreme, prefect等沒有最高級也不能用比較級。He is an excellent teacher.
形容詞最高級間修飾做表語或介詞並與的名詞代詞是，被修飾的詞往往省略。
He is the youngest (boy) in his class.
Who/Which +be+最高級，A,B,or C? Who is the most useful, a bicycle, a motorcycle,or a car?
the +序數詞+最高級 He is the second tallest student in our class.
One of the +最高級+復數名詞 The Yellow River is one of the longest rivers in China.個完整你選擇哪個吧！
B. 八年級上學期英語所有的重要語法+語言點（整理）
1. be absent from…. 缺席，不在 2. absence of mind(=being absent-minded) 心不在焉 3. absorb(=take up the attention of)吸引…的注意力(被動語態):be absorbed in 全神貫注於…近:be engrossed in ; be lost in ; be rapt in ;be concentrated on ; be focused on ; be centered on 4. (be) abundant in(be rich in; be well supplied with) 富於,富有 5. access(to) (不可數名詞) 能接近,進入,了解 6. by accident(=by chance, accidentally)偶然地,意外.Without accident(=safely) 安全地, 7. of one』s own accord(=without being asked; willingly; freely)自願地 ,主動地 8. in accord with 與…一致 . out of one』s accord with 同….不一致 9. with one accord (=with everybody agreeing)一致地 10. in accordance with (=in agreement with) 依照,根據 11. on one』s own account 1) 為了某人的緣故, 為了某人自己的利益 2) (=at one』s own risk) 自行負責 3) (=by oneself)依靠自己 on account 賒賬; on account of 因為; on no account不論什麼原因也不;of …account 有…..重要性. 12. take…into account(=consider)把...考慮進去 13. give sb. an account of 說明, 解釋 (理由) 14. account for (=give an explanation or reason for) 解釋, 說明. 15. on account of (=because of) 由於,因為. 16. on no account(=in no case, for no reason)絕不要,無論如何不要(放句首時句子要倒裝) 17. accuse…of…(=charge…with; blame sb. for sth. ; blame sth. on sb. ; complain about) 指控,控告 18. be acquainted with(=to have knowledge of) 了解; (=to have met socially) 熟悉 19. act on 奉行,按照…行動; act as 扮演; act for 代理 20. adapt oneself to(=adjust oneself to) 使自己適應於 21. adapt…(for) (=make sth. Suitable for a new need) 改編, 改寫(以適應新的需要) 22. in addition (=besides) 此外, 又, 加之 23. in addition to(=as well as, besides, other than)除…外 24. adhere to (=abide by, conform to, comply with, cling to, insist on, persist in, observe, opinion, belief ) 粘附; 堅持, 遵循 25. adjacent(=next to, close to) 毗鄰的, 臨近的 26. adjust..(to) (=change slightly)調節; 適應; 27. admit of (=be capable of, leave room for) …的可能，留有…的餘地. 28. in advance (before in time) 預告, 事先. 29. to advantage 有利的,使優點更加突出地. 30. have an advantage over 勝過. have the advantage of 由於…處於有利條件 have the advantage of sb.知道某人所不知道的事 31. take advantage of (=make the best of, utilize, make use of, profit from, harness)利用. 32. agree with 贊同(某人意見) agree to 同意 33. in agreement (with) 同意, 一致 34. ahead of 在…之前, 超過…;……………. ahead of time 提前. 35. in the air 1)不肯定, 不具體. 2)在謠傳中. 36. above all (=especially, most important of all) 尤其是, 最重要的. 37. in all (=counting everyone or everything, altogether) 總共, 總計 38. after all 畢竟,到底; (not) at all 一點也不; all at once(=suddenly)突然; once and for all 只此一次; above all 最重要的; first of all 首先; all in all 大體上說; be all in 累極了; all but 幾乎. 39. allow for (=take into consideration, take into account) 考慮到, 估計到. 40. amount to (=to be equal to) 總計, 等於. 41. answer for (undertake responsibility for, be liable for, take charge for) 對…負責. 42. answer to (=conform to) 適合,符合. 43. be anxious about 為…焦急不安; 或anxious for 44. apologize to sb. for sth. 為…向…道歉 45. appeal to sb. for sth. 為某事向某人呼籲. appeal to sb. 對某人有吸引力 46. apply to sb. for sth. 為…向…申請 ; apply for申請; apply to 適用. 47. apply to 與…有關;適用 48. approve of (=consent to, be in favor of, favor, agree to, consider good, right) 贊成, approve vt. 批准 49. arise from(=be caused by) 由…引起. 50. arrange for sb./sth. to do sth. 安排…做… 51. arrive on 到達; arrive at 到達某地(小地方);得出,作出; arrive in 到達某地(大地方); 52. be ashamed of (=feel shame, guilt or sorrow because of sth. done) 以…為羞恥 53. assure sb. of sth. (=try to cause to believe or trust in sth.) 向…保證, 使…確信. 54. attach(to) (=to fix, fasten; join) 縛, 系 ,結 55. make an attempt at doing sth. (to do sth.) 試圖做… 56. attend to (=give one』s attention, care and thought)注意,照顧;attend on(upon)(=wait upon, serve, look after) 侍候,照料 57. attitude to/ toward …對…的態度.看法 58. attribute…to…(=to believe sth. to be the result of…)把..歸因於.., 認為..是..的結果 59. on the average (=on average, on an average) 平均 60. (be) aware of (=be conscious of , having knowledge or consciousness)意識到,知道. 61. at the back of (=behind) 在…後面 62. in the back of 在…後部(裡面); on the back of 在…後部(外面); be on one』s back(=be ill in bed) 卧病不起. 63. at one』s back(=supporting or favoring sb.) 支持,維護; have sb. at one』s back 有…支持, 有…作後台 64. turn one』s back on sb. (=turn away from sb. in an impolite way) 不理睬(某人),背棄,拋棄 65. behind one』s back 背著某人(說壞話) 66. be based on / upon 基於 67. on the basis of 根據…, 在…基礎上 68. beat…at 在…運動項目上打贏 69. begin with 以…開始. to begin with (=first of all) 首先, 第一(經常用於開始語) 70. on behalf of (=as the representative of) 以…名義 71. believe in(=have faith or trust in; consider sth./sb. to be true) 相信,依賴,信仰. 72. benefit (from) 受益,得到好處. 73. for the benefit of 為了…的利益(好處) 74. for the better 好轉 75. get the better of (=defeat sb.) 打敗, 勝過. 76. by birth 在出生上,論出身,按血統 at birth 在出生時; give birth to 出生 77. blame sb. for sth. 因…責備某人 blame sth. on sb. 把…推在某人身上 78. in blossom開花(指樹木) be in blossom開花(強調狀態) come into blossom開花(強調動作) 79. on board 到船上, 在船上, 上火車或飛機 80. boast of (or about) 吹噓 81. out of breath 喘不過氣來 82. in brief(=in as few words as possible)簡言之 83. in bulk 成批地,不散裝的 84. take the floor 起立發言 85. on business 出差辦事. 86. be busy with sth.忙於某事 be busy doing sth. 忙於做某事 87. last but one 倒數第二. 88. last but not least最後一點但也是最重要的一點 89. but for (=without) 要不是. 表示假設 90. buy sth. for…money 用多少錢買 91. be capable of 能夠, 有能力 be capable of being +過去分詞:是能夠被…的 92. in any case(=for love or money, at any rate, at any price, at any cost, whatever happens; anyhow)無論如何 93. in case (=for fear that) 萬一; 94. in case of (=in the event of)如果發生…萬一 in the case of 至於…, 就…而言 95. in no case在任何情況下都不(放句首倒裝句) 96. be cautious of 謹防 97. center one』s attention on(=focus one』s attention on) 把某人的注意力集中在…上 98. be certain of (=be sure of) 有把握, 一定. 99. for certain of (=for sure )肯定地,有把握地 100. by chance(=accidentally, by accident)偶然 101. for a change換換環境(花樣等) 102. charge sb. with …控告某人犯有… 103. in charge of (=responsible for) 負責(某事) in the charge of …由…管 104. take charge of (=to be or become responsible for)負責管理(照顧) 105. charge…for 因…索取(費用) , charge sb. with sth. 控告某人犯有… 106. round the clock(=all day and all night, usually without stopping) 晝夜不停地 高考書面表達必背片語 (1) 首先，尤其重要的，最重要的 above all 偶然，無意中 by accident 對（於）…很積極 be active in 合計為 add up to 承讓錯誤 admit one』s mistake 接受某人的建議 take / follow one』s advice 就…提出建議 give advice on 建議某人做某事 advice sb. to do sth. 後天 the day after tomorrow 畢竟；終究 after all 違心 against one』s will 在…歲時 at the age of 實現目標 achieve one』s aim 在空中；懸而未決 in the air 在戶外，在露天里 in the open air 在機場 at the airport 火警 the fire alarm 滿腔怒火 be filled with anger 因某人之言行而生氣 be angry at sth. 生某人的氣 be angry with sb. 通知 make an announcement 相繼地，按順序地 one after another 相互，彼此（三者或三者以上之間）one another 相互（指兩者之間）each other 沒有回答 give no answer 為…而擔心 be anxious about 急於做某事 be anxious to do sth. 分開住 live apart 除了 apart from 因某事向某人認錯或道歉 make/offer an apology to sb for sth. 與某人爭論某事 argue with sb. about sth. 放在一邊 lay sth. aside 請某人指點 / 幫助 ask sb. for advice / help 驚訝於… be astonished at sth. 以前，曾經 at one time 注意 pay attention to 對…抱正確的態度 take a correct attitude towards sth. 引起（注意，興趣等）
C. 初二人教版英語重點語法
常見動詞不定式片語、句型用法總結
.固定用法(非謂語動詞)：以下是帶to的動詞不定式常見搭配
★希望做某事hope to do sth. ★決定做某事decide to do sth
★同意做某事agree to do sth. ★需要某人做某事need to do sth.
★使用某物做某事use sth to do sth ★迫不及待做某事can』t wait to do
★准備做某事get/be ready to do ★盡力/努力做某事try to do sth
★ 計劃做某事plan to do sth. ★希望某人做某事wish sb. to do sth.
★輪流做某事take one』s turns to do sth. ★拒絕做某事refuse to do sth.
★告訴某人做某事tell sb. to do sth.★請某人做某事ask sb. to do sth.
★想要某人做某事want /would like sb. to do sth. ★不得不have to do
★同意某人做某事agree sb. to do sth. ★教某人做某事teach sb. to do sth.
★喜歡/想要某人做某事 like sb. to do sth.★encourage sb to do鼓勵某人做
★幫助某人做某事help sb. to do sth/help sb.do
★It』s one』s turn to do sth. 輪到某人做某事 例:It your turn to clean the blackboard.
★It』s time(for sb.) to do sth.是某人做某事時候了 例:It』s time for me to go home.
★It』s +adj. for/of sb. to do sth. 對於某人來說做某事是……
例: It is easy for me to learn it well. It is very kind/foolish/nice of you to do so.
★It takes sb. sometime to do sth. 某人做某事花了某時間
例句: 1.It takes me an hour to get to school by bike. 2.It took me an hour to watch TV last night. 3.It will take her two weeks to finish the work.
★too+adj./adv. to do sth. 太…..而不能 例: He was to angry to say a word.
★find/think/feel it +adj. to do sth.發現/認為/感到做某事是… I find/think/feel it hard to learn English well.
★序數詞+to do 第…..個做某事 例句:Who is the first to get there?
★我不知/忘記了怎麼辦。I didn't know/forgot what to do.
★離開房間時不要忘記/記住關燈
例句:Don』t forget/Remember to turn off the lights when you left the room
★be+adj+to do sth 例句:I am very sorry to hear that. I am ready to help others. I am happy / pleased / glad to meet you.
順口溜：本領最多不定式，主表定補賓和狀；樣樣成分都能幹，只有謂語它不敢；大家千萬要小心，有時它把句型改；作主語時用it，自己在後把身藏；七個感官三使役，賓補要把to甩開；疑問詞後接上它，賓語從句可充當；邏輯主語不定式，不定式前加for sb.；to前not是否定，各種用法區別開。
以下是不帶to的動詞不定式(即動詞原形)的常見用法
★ let sb. do sth讓某人做某事 ★ make do sth使得某人做某事
★ hear do sth do sth聽見某人做某事 ★see do sth do sth看見某人做某事
★why not/why don』t you +動原？為什麼不.?Why not/Why don』t you take a walk?
★ 某人+had better( not)do 某人最好(不)做某事
★情態動詞can/may /must /should+ 動詞原（包括情態動詞的否定形式+動詞原形）
★ 助動詞do/does/did/will/would在構成疑問句或者構成否定句即don』t /doesn』t /didn』t /will not /would not+ 動詞原形
★ be going to + 動詞原形（表示「即將」「打算」 做某事）
使用-ing分詞的幾種情況
1.在進行時態中。He is watching TV. They were dancing at nine o'clock last night.
2.在there be結構中。如：There is a boy swimming in the river.
3.在have fun/problems結構中。如：We have fun learning English this term.
They had problems getting to the top of the mountain.
4.在介詞後面。如：Thanks for helping me. Are you good at playing basketball？
What /How about doing sth? 做某事怎麼樣? I am interested in playing football.
5.在以下結構中 1. enjoy doing sth 喜歡做某事；
2. finish doing sth； 完成做某事； 3.feel like doing sth 想要做某事；
4. stop doing sth 停止做某事（原來的事） 5.forget doing sth 忘記做過某事
6. go on doing sth 繼續做某事（原來的事）；7.remember doing sth 記得做過某事
8. like doing sth 喜歡做某事； 9.find /see/hear/watch sb doing發現/看到/聽到/觀看某人做
10. try doing sth 試圖做某事； 11. need doing sth 需要做某事；
12. prefer doing sth 寧願做某事； 13.mind doing sth 介意做某事；
14. miss doing sth 錯過做某事； 15.practice doing sth 練習做某事；
16. be busy doing sth 忙於做某事；17.can't help doing sth 禁不住做某事；
18.waste time/money doing 浪費時間/錢做; 19.keep sb.doing 讓…始終/一直做…
20. stop sb.(from)doing 阻止某人做某事
21. prefer doing A to doing B=like A better than B喜歡做B更喜歡做A
22. 「do some +doing」短語 如：do some shopping/do some washing/do some reading/do some practicing/do some cleaning/do some speaking
23．「go doing」短語去做某事（主要指文娛活動等）如：go shopping/go fishing/go swimming/go hiking/go skating/go camping/go skiing（滑雪/go boating /go hunting (打獵)
.注意動詞的過去分詞的常見搭配: I feel(am/was) excited/ surprised/ amazed /interested /tired/pleased/worried/lost
Keep…closed/ a boy called/named Tom
D. 人教版八年級上英語全部知識點、語法
1.形容詞和副詞的比較級
(1) 一般在形容詞或副詞後+er
older taller longer stronger, etc
(2) 多音節詞前+more
more interesting, etc.
(3) 雙寫最後一個字母，再+er
bigger fatter, etc.
(4) 把y變i，再+er
heavier, earlier
(5) 不規則變化：
well-better, much/many-more, etc.
2.祈使句：
Sit down please
Don』t sit down, please.
3. there be 結構
肯定句： There is a …
There are …
一般疑問句:Is there …? Yes, there is./ No, there isn』t.
Are there…? Yes, there are. /No, there aren』t.
否定句： There isn』t …. There aren』t….
4.一般現在時：通常用 「usually, often, every day, sometimes」。
形式：
肯定句：
I go to school on foot every day.
She goes to school on foot every day.
5.現在進行時：形式： be + verb +ing
eg: I am(not) doing my homework.
You/We/They are(not) reading.
He/She/It is(not) eating.
動詞 —ing 的形式
Most verbs +ing walk—walking
Verbs ending in e -e + ing come—coming
Short verbs ending in a vowel + a consonant run –running swim—swimming
6.
重點的句型：
1.How many + 復數名詞 + are there ...?
此句型是一個特殊疑問句，意思是\"在......有多少......？\"多用來對可數名詞的數量提問。How many 後面要接可數名詞的復數形式。如：
How many apples are there on the table? 桌子上有多少個蘋果？
2.. What about ...?
此句型意思是\"......怎麼樣？\"、\"......呢？\"，通常用來詢問情況或徵求意見、看法等。其中的about是介詞，後面可接名詞、代詞或動詞等。如：
What about that computer? 那台電腦怎麼樣？
My gloves are red. What about theirs? 我的手套是紅色的，他們的呢？
What about playing games after school? 放學後做游戲怎麼樣？
3. What time is it?/What\'s the time?
英語中，常用這兩個句型來詢問現在的時間，意思是\"什麼時間了？\"或\"幾點了？\"其答語一般用\"It\'s + 時間.\"其中的it指代時間，翻譯時可不譯，常在句尾加上please，以表示委婉的語氣。如：
What time is it, please? 請問現在幾點了？
-It's about a quarter past ten. 大約十點十五分。
4. What colour + be + 主語?
詢問某物的顏色，一般用以What colour 開頭的特殊疑問句，其答語通常用\"It\'s/They\'re + 表示顏色的形容詞\"。如：
-What colour is her blouse? 她的襯衫是什麼顏色的？
-It's light blue. 是淺藍色的。
5.Whose + 名詞 + be + 其它？/Whose + be + 名詞？
英語中常用這兩個句型來詢問某事物屬誰所有。如：
Whose cup is that? 那是誰的杯子？
Whose are these photos? 這些照片是誰的？
6. It's time for + sth. /It's time to do sth. / It's time for sb. to do sth.
這個結構意思都是\"該做某事了\"，\"到做某事的時候了\"。如：
It's time for school. 到上學的時候了。
It\'s time to have supper. 該吃晚飯了。
7. 選擇疑問句：選擇疑問句是用or連接詢問的兩部分，以供選擇，答案必須是完整的句子或其省略形式，不能用Yes或No回答
一般提出兩種或兩種以上的可能,問對方選擇哪一種.其結構可用一般疑問句,也可用特殊疑問句.供選擇的兩部分用or連接,前者讀升調,後者讀降調.
e.g. Will you go there by bus or by train?
What would you like, coffee or tea?
How many pens do you have, one or two?
選擇疑問句的答語必須是完整的句子或其省略式,不能答yes或no.
e.g. Do you go to school by bus or by bike?
By bus.
Which would you like, tea or coffee? Coffee.
一般疑問句演化來的選擇疑問句
e.g. Is it right or wrong?
Were you or he there?
Are they reading, chatting or watching TV?
特殊疑問句演化來的選擇疑問句
e.g. Which do you like better, coffee or milk?
What color is it, red, blue or yellow?
Where are you going, to the classroom or to the library?
or not構成的選擇疑問句
e.g. Do you want to buy it or not?
Are you ready or not
8.另外，「to be + going + 動詞不定式」這個特殊的結構可表示在未來即將要進行的動作。
例：He is going to tell me tomorrow - 他將在明天告訴我。
練習題：
There are ____ water in the bottle.（B）瓶子里有一點水
There are ____ water in the bottle.（A）瓶子里沒水了
There are ____ students in the classroom.（D）教室里有幾個學生
There are ____ students in the classroom（C）教室里沒有學生
There are ____ apples on the trees.（D）有幾個蘋果長在樹上
選項統一為
A、little B、a little C、few D、a few
3. Of course,every one of us_1__to make friends like food---they are useful to us,and they can help us when we are _2__need._3__you can make as many friends of this kind as possible.
(1) A.want B.will want C.wants
(2) A.in B.on C.for D.of
(3) A.And B.But C.So D.Because
答案：CAC
4.Twenty minutes later,John_1__a tree.His leg was broken,and it hurt _2__.
Mr smith _3__to mend the chair.then he_4__himself with a hammer.
(1) A.fell over B.fell from C.fell down D.fell on
(2) A.all the day B.all day C.whole day D.all days
(3) A.starts B.started C.was starting
(4) A.damaged B.knocked C.hit D.cut
答案：BABC