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初中生英语从句语法

发布时间:2021-02-05 23:49:48

⑴ 初中从句有哪些类型

从句是复句中具有分属地位的分句,它是一种绝大部分语言都有的语法结构。在现代汉语的语法中,“从句”不作为专业术语被使用。



1英语从句可以分哪几类
从句不能单独成句,但它也有主语部分和谓语部分,是一个特殊句子,就像一个句子一样。所不同在于,从句须由一个关联词(connective)引导。

根据从句语法功能的不同可分为:主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句、定语从句和状语从句6类。

前四类由于主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句及同位语从句在句子的功用相当于名词,所以通称名词性从句;

定语从句功能相当于形容词,称为形容词性从句;

而状语从句功能相当于副词,称为副词性从句。状语从句还可以分为条件状语从句、原因状语从句、地点状语从句、目的状语从句、让步状语从句、比较状语从句、方式状语从句、结果状语从句和时间状语从句。

主语从句(Subject Clause)

用作主语的从句叫主语从句。引导主语从句的关联词有从属连词、疑问代词、疑问副词、缩合连接代词、缩合连接副词等。

表语从句(Predicative Clause)

用作表语的从句叫做表语从句。引导表语从句的关联词与引导主语从句的关联词很多都一样。

宾语从句(Object Clause)

在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句.宾语从句分为三类:动词的宾语从句、介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句。

同位语从句

是名词性从句(主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句)中的主要从句之一,从句作同位语表示与之同位的名词(短语)的实际内容,它的作用相当于名词,对前面的名词(短语)加以补充说明或进一步解释,相当于一个表语从句,它们之间的关系就是同位关系,即主表关系。

定语从句

是由关系代词或关系副词引导的从句,其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分,相当于形容词,所以又称为形容词性从句,一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。

状语从句可分为:

时间状语从句(adverbial clause of time)

地点状语从句(adverbial clause of place)

原因状语从句(adverbial clause of cause)

条件状语从句(adverbial clause of condition)

目的状语从句(adverbial clause of purpose)

让步状语从句(adverbial clause of concession)

比较状语从句(adverbial clause of comparison)

方式状语从句(adverbial clause of manner)

结果状语从句(adverbial clause of result)

2英语中有哪些从句
总体分:名词性从句、状语从句、定语从句

名词性从句:主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句

状语从句:时间、地点、方式、让步、条件、比较、方式、原因等、

定语从句:限定性和非限定性

3如何判断英语从句类型
初中和高中要掌握的多少不一样。

如果你只是初中生,基本掌握宾语/表语从句,定语从句和状语从句就可以了。

宾语从句:连在动词后,比如I do what I want to do.我做我想做的事。

what I want to do 作do的宾语,所以叫宾语从句。

表语从句也是一样的,只不过动词变成系动词(be).例如This is what I want to do.这是我想做的事。

注:这时候去掉从句主句是不完整的,缺少宾语成分。

定语从句:从句是不完整的,缺主语或者宾语,先行词(被修饰的词,也是从句前面的名词)作从句的主语或宾语。

例如I like the film that I saw yersterday.我喜欢我昨天看的那部电影。

从句that代指film, 充当saw的宾语,从句= I saw the film yersterday.

或者 I like the film that is brillant.我喜欢那部电影,它棒极了。

that 作从句的主语,从句=the film is brillant.

状语从句:一般表示时间地点。

注:去掉从句,主句依旧完整。

例如: I will go home when it is at 9:00.

主句I will go home 主谓宾完整。

从句只是补充说明作用。

如果你是初中生,以上基本足够。

如果你是高中生,就要先知道从句三大类型:名词从句,形容词性从句(即定语从句)、副词性从句(即状语从句)。

4英语中从句用法总结
1.主语从句

1)主语从句可直接位于主语的位置,如果从句较长,谓语又较短,可用it作形式主语,而将从句放在句末。常见的句型有:

*It is a fact\a pity\a question\good news that...

*It seems\appears\happened\has turned out that...

*It is clear\important\likely\possible that...

*It is said\reported\estimated\has been proved that...

It is said that comic books create a connection between people of the same generation.

It seems that the performance is very useful.

2)what引导的主语从句表示“...的东西时”,一般不用it作形式主语。

What we lack is experience.

3)what,who,when,why,whether等词含有各自的疑问意义,但它们引导的主语从句,都用陈述语序。

How the plan is to be carried out should be discussed again.

I did know why I felt like crying.

2.宾语从句

1)宾语从句可位于及物动词、介词和某些形容词后。连词that常可省略。介词后一般接疑问词引导的宾语从句。in that(因为),except that(除了),but that(只是)已构成固定搭配,其他介词后一般不接that引导的宾语从句。

*I promised that I would change the situation.

*All this is different from what American young people would say about friendship.

*He is certain that watching so much television is not good for children.

*This article is well-written except that it is a bit too long.

2)宾语从句后如有宾补,要用形式宾语it来代替,而把宾语从句移至宾补之后。

He has made it clear that he would not change his mind.

3)在think,believe,suppose,expect等动词后的宾语从句中,如果谓语是否定的,一般将否定词移至主句谓语上,宾语从句则变成肯定形式。

He didn't think that the money was well spent.

3.表语从句

表语从句出现在结构为“主语+系动词+表语从句”的句子中。表语从句除可用that,what,when,why,whether,how等引导外,还可由because,as if(though)等引导。that常可省略。如主句主语为reason,只能用that引导表语从句,不可用because.

Perhaps the most important thing to remember is that there is no one common type of life in America.

The reason why so many people died there is that there were not enough food supplies.

It looks as if successful international cultural communication will make the world smaller.

4.同位语从句

同位语从句用于对前面出现的名词作进一步说明,一般用连词that引导,由于先行名词的意义不同,也可用whether,who,when,where,what,why,how等引导。常见的先行名词有fact,idea,belief,news,hope,conclusion,evidence,suggestion,order,problem,report,decision.有时由于谓语较短,将同位语从句位于谓语之后。

She finally made the decision that she would join the fashion show.

I had no idea how many books I could borrow at a time.

The news came that their team had won the championship.

5.定语从句

定语从句所修饰的先行词可以是名词或代词,也可以是一个句子。定语从句通常位于先行词之后,由关系代词或关系副词引导。

*限制性定语从句

限制性定语从句修饰先行词,对先行词起修饰作用,紧接先行词之后,无逗号,若省去,原句意思不完整。引导定语从句的关系代词有who,whom,whose,which,that等。who,whom,whose用于指人,whose有时也可指物,相当于of which;which用于指物;that既可指人也可指物,但只用于限制性定语从句中。关系代词除了引导定语从句,替代先行词外,还在从句中担任主语、宾语、定语等。

The computers and cables which make up the Internet are owned by people and organizations.

Those who live alone or who are sick may have trouble in getting close to other people.

The girl whose parents died in an accident is living with her grandmother.

1)当先行词是all,anything,everything,something,nothing等不定代词或先行词前有first,last,any,few,much,some,no,only以及形容词最高级修饰时,只能用关系代词that引导从句。

That is all that I've heard from him.

He's the first person that I'm going to interview this afternoon.

2)关系代词的省略

在从句中作宾语的关系代词常可省略。关系代词紧跟介词,作介词宾语时不可用that,只可用which或whom引导从句,并且不可省略,但当介词位于宾语从句句末时,作为介词宾语的关系代词仍可用that,也可省略。

This is one of those things with which we have to put up.

This is one of those things (which\that) we have to put up with.

3)引导定语从句的关系副词有when,where,why等。关系副词在从句中作状语,意义上相当于一个“介词+which”的结构。

Even in comic books where(=in which) there are no words,the stories are fully expressed through the drawings.

No one knows the reason why(=for which) he was so angry that day.

*非限制性定语从句

非限制性定语从句既可修饰先行词,也可修饰整个主句,起补充说明作用,与主句之间有逗号隔开,若省去,原句意思不受影响。不可用that引导非限制性定语从句。关系词不可省略。

Every object has a gravitational pull,which is rather like magnetism.

*“介词+which\whom\whose”引导的定语从句

“介词+which\whom\whose”可引导限制性定语从句,也可引导非限制性定语从句,该结构中介词的选择取决于从句谓语动词的固定搭配,或先行词的习惯搭配。

This is the computer on which he spent all his savings

It is written by a person with whom we are all familiar.

*as引导的定语从句

as引导的定语从句主要用于“such...as”及“the same...as”的结构中,代替先行词是人或物的名词。as引导非限制性定语从句时,代替整个主句,从句可位于主句之前、之后或中间。

These are not such problems as can be easily solved.(as代替先行词problems)

As is mentioned above,no single company or group can control what happens on the Internet.(as代替主语)

6.状语从句

*时间状语从句

引导时间状语从句的从属连词和词组有:

1)when,whenever,while,as,after,before,since,till,until,once等。

We have learnt quite a lot about it since we came here.

2)as soon as,hardly(scarcely)...when,no sooner...than,each(every) time,the moment,immediately(that)等。

As soon as I sent an e-mail message,I received positive responses.

The moment he heard the good news,he jumped with joy.

*地点状语从句

引导地点状语从句的连词是where,wherever.

Wherever she went,she took her little daughter with her.

*原因、结果和目的状语从句

1)引导原因状语从句的从属连词有:because,as,since,now(that),seeing that,considering that,in that等。

Considering that he is a freshman,we must say he is doing well.

2)引导结果状语从句的连词有:so...that,such...that

,so that,that,so等。

Mickey Mouse is so attractive that the children are reluctant to leave.

3)引导目的状语从句的连词有:so that,in order that,for fear that,lest等,从句常使用may,might,can,could,would等情态动词。

We got up early this morning so that we could catch the first bus to the railway station.

*条件和让步状语从句

1)引导条件状语从句的连词和词组有if,unless,as(so) long as,on condition that,in case,provided(providing) that,supposing等。

As long as you have the right equipment,you can use a telephone line to transmit computer data.

2)引导让步状语从句的连词和词组有though,although,whether,even though,even if,no matter what(when,how...),whatever(whenever,wherever,however....)等。though,even if等引导状语从句可转换成含有as的部分倒装结构,具有强调意义。其结构为“形容词(副词、动词、名词)+as+主语+谓语”。

No matter what you may say,I would not change my mind.

Young as he is,he is quite experienced in this work.(=though he is young)

Child as he is,he can speak English fluently.(=though he is a child)

*方式状语从句

引导方式状语从句的连词有as,just as,as if,as though等。as if,as though引导的状语从句中,谓语动词常用虚拟语气,表示与事实相反。

The young man made the experiment just as the teacher had taught him.

Everything went on as usual as if nothing had happened.

⑵ 初中生应该掌握的英语短语和语法知识

一般现在时的用法

1) 经常性或习惯性的动作,常与表示频腮度的时间状语连用。
时间状语: every…, sometimes, at…, on Sunday
I leave home for school at 7 every morning.

2) 客观真理,客观存在,科学事实。
The earth moves around the sun.
Shanghai lies in the east of China.
3) 表示格言或警句中。
Pride goes before a fall. 骄者必败。

注意:此用法如果出现在宾语从句中,即使主句是过去时,从句谓语也要用一般现在时。
例:Columbus proved that the earth is round..

4) 现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。
I don’t want so much.
Ann Wang writes good English but does not speak well.
比较:Now I put the sugar in the cup.
I am doing my homework now.
第一句用一般现在时,用于操作演示或指导说明的示范性动作,表示言行的瞬间动作。再如:Now watch me, I switch on the current and stand back. 第二句中的now是进行时的标志,表示正在进行的动作的客观状况,所以后句用一般现在时。
2. 一般过去时的用法

1)在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。
时间状语有:yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等。
Where did you go just now?

2)表示在过去一段时间内,经常性或习惯性的动作。
When I was a child, I often played football in the street.
Whenever the Browns went ring their visit, they were given a warm welcome.

3)句型:
It is time for sb. to do sth "到……时间了" "该……了"
It is time sb. did sth. "时间已迟了" "早该……了"
It is time for you to go to bed. 你该睡觉了。
It is time you went to bed. 你早该睡觉了。
would (had) rather sb. did sth. 表示’宁愿某人做某事’
I’d rather you came tomorrow.

4) wish, wonder, think, hope 等用过去时,作试探性的询问、请求、建议等。
I thought you might have some. 我以为你想要一些。

比较:
一般过去时表示的动作或状态都已成为过去,现已不复存在。
Christine was an invalid all her life.

代词

代词是代替名词的一种词类。大多数代词具有名词和形容词的功能。英语中的代词,按其意义、特征及在句中的作用分为:人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、自身代词、相互代词、疑问代词、关系代词和不定代词八种。

一、人称代词是表示"我"、"你"、"他"、"她"、"它"、
"我们"、"你们"、"他们"的词。人称代词有人称、数和格的变化,见下表:

数 单数 复数
格 主格 宾格 主格 宾格
第一人称 I me we us
第二人称 you you you you
he him they them
第三人称 she her they them
it it they them

如:He is my friend. 他是我的朋友。
It’s me. 是我。

二、 物主代词表示所有关系的代词,也可叫做代词所有格。物主代词分形容性物主代词和名词性物主代词二种,其人物和数的变化见下表。

数 单数 复数
人称 第一 第二 第三 第一 第二 第三
人称 人称 人称 人称 人称 人称
形容词性 my your his/her its our your/their
物主代词

名词性 mine yours his/hers its ours yours/theirs
物主代词

如: I like his car.
我喜欢他的小汽车。
Our school is here,and theirs is there.
我们的学校在这儿,他们的在那儿。

三、 指示代词表示"那个"、"这个"、"这些"、"那些"等指示概念的代词。指示代词有this,that,these,those等。
如: That is a good idea. 那是个好主意。

四、 表示"我自己"、"你自己"、"他自己"、"我们自己"、"你们自己"和"他们自己"等的代词,叫做自身代词,也称为"反身代词"。
如: She was talking to herself. 她自言自语。

五、 表示相互关系的代词叫相互代词,有each other&n bsp;和one another两组,但在运用中,这两组词没什么区别。
如: They love each other. 他们彼此相爱。

六、 不是指明代替任何特定名词的代词叫做不定代词。常见的不定代词有a11,both,each,every等,以及含有some-,any-,no-等的合成代词,如anybody, something,no one。这些不定代词大都可以代替名词和形容词,在句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语, 但none和由some,any,no等构成的复合不定代词只能作主语、宾语或表语;every和no只能作定语。如:

--- Do you have a car? --你有一辆小汽车吗?
--- Yes,I have one. --是的,我有一辆。
--- I don’t know any of them. 他们,我一个也不认识。

七、 疑问代词有who,whom,whose,what和which等。在句子中用来构成特殊疑问句。疑问代词都可用作连接代词,引导名词性从句(主语从句、宾语从句和表语从句)
如:Tell me who he is. 告诉我他是谁。

八、 关系代词有who,whom,whose,that,which,as等,可用作引导从句的关联词。它们在定语从句中可作主语、表语、宾语、定语等;另一方面它们又代表主句中为定语从句所修饰的那个名词或代词(通称为先行词)。
如: He is the man whom you have been looking for. 他就是你要找的那个人。

3.1 人称代词的用法

1)人称代词的主格在句子中作主语或主语补语,例如:
John waited a while but eventually he went home.
约翰等了一会儿,最后他回家了。
John hoped the passenger would be Mary and indeed it was she.
约翰希望那位乘客是玛丽,还真是她。

说明:在复合句中,如果主句和从句主语相同,代词主语要用在从句中,名词主语用在主句中,例如:
When he arrived, John went straight to the bank.
约翰一到就直接去银行了。

2)人称代词的宾格在句子中作宾语或介词宾语,但在口语中也能作主语补语,第一人称在省略句中,还可以作主语,例如:
I saw her with them, at least, I thought it was her.
我看到她和他们在一起,至少我认为是她。(her做宾 语,them做介词宾语,her做主语补语)
a. -- Who broke the& nbsp;vase? --谁打碎了花瓶?
b. -- Me. --我。(me做主语补语= It’s me.)

说明:在上面两例句中,her和me分别作主语补语。现代英语中多用宾格,在正式文体中这里应为she和I。

3.2 人称代词之主、宾格的替换

1) 宾格代替主格
a.在简短对话中,当人称代词单独使用或在not 后,多用宾语。
---- I like English. --我喜欢英语。
---- Me too. --我也喜欢。
---- Have more wine? --再来点酒喝吗?
---- Not me. --我可不要了。

b.在表示比较的非正式的文体中,常用宾格代替主格。 但如果比较状语的谓语保留,则主语只能用主格。
He is taller than I/me.
He is taller than I am.

2) 主格代替宾格
a. 在介词but,except 后,有时可用主格代替宾格。

b. 在电话用语中常用主格。
---- I wish to speak to Mary. --我想和玛丽通话。
---- This is she. --我就是玛丽。

注意:在动词be 或to be 后的人称代词视其前面的名词或代词而定。
I thought it was she. 我以为是她。 (主格----主格)
I thought it to be her. (宾格----宾格)
I was taken to be she. 我被当成了她。 (主格----主格)
They took me to be her. 他们把我当成了她。 (宾格----宾格)

3.3 代词的指代问题

1)不定代词 anybody,everybody,nobody,anyone, someone, everyone,no one, 及whoever和person在正式场合使用时,可用he, his, him代替。
Nobody came, did he? 谁也没来,是吗?

2)动物名词的指代一般用it或they代替,有时也用he, she,带有亲切的感情色彩。
Give the cat some f ood. She is hungry. 给这猫一些吃的。她饿了。

3)指代车或国家,船舶的名词,含感情色彩时常用she。
3.4 并列人称代词的排列顺序

1) 单数人称代词并列作主语时,其顺序为:
第二人称 -> 第三人称 -> 第一人称
you -> he/she; it -> I
You, he and I should return on time.
2) 复数人称代词作主语时,其顺序为:
第一人称 -> 第二人称 -> 第三人称
we -> you -> They
注意: 在下列情况中,第一人称放在前面。
a. 在承认错误,承担责任时,
It was I and John that made her angry.
是我和约翰惹她生气了。

b. 在长辈对晚辈,长官对下属说话时,如长官为第一人称, 如:I and you try to finish it.

c. 并列主语只有第一人称和第三人称时,

d. 当其他人称代词或名词被定语从句修饰时。

3.5 物主代词

1)物主代词既有表示所属的作用又有指代作用,例如:
John had cut his finger; apparently there was a broken glass on his desk.
约翰割破了手指,显而易见,他桌子上有个破玻璃杯。

物主代词有形容词性(my, your等)和名词性(mine, yours等)两种,形容词性的物主代词属于限定词。
名词性的物主代词在用法上相当于省略了中心名词的 --’s属格结构,例如:
Jack’s cap 意为 The cap is Jack’s.
His cap 意为 The cap is his.

2) 名词性物主代词的句法功能
a. 作主语,例如:
May I use your pen? Yours works better.
我可以用一用你的钢笔吗? 你的比我的好用。

b. 作宾语,例如:
I love my motherland as much as you love& nbsp;yours.
我爱我的祖国就像你爱你的祖国一样深。

c. 作介词宾语,例如:
Your should interpret what I said in my sense of the word, not in yours.
你应当按我所用的词义去解释我说的话,而不能按你自己的意义去解释。

d. 作主语补语,例如:
The life I have is yours. It’s yours. It’s yours. 我的生命属于你,属于你,属于你。

3.6 双重所有格

物主代词不可与 a, an, this, that, these, those, some, any, several, no, each, every, such, another, which等词一起前置,修饰一个名词,而必须用双重所有格。
公式为:
a, an, this, that 名词 of 名词性物主代词。如:
a friend of mine.
each brother of his.

⑶ 初中生涉及到的语法都有哪些

呵呵!~我是初三的学生!~
1.一般现在时
2.过去时
3.正在进行时
4.过去进行时
5.过去完成时
6.现在完成时
7.一般将来时
句式
宾语从句
定语从句
宾语后置
表语从句
祈驶句
使役句

⑷ 初中生适合用什么英语语法书

你说的这基本语法书我都看过,帮你分析一下:
薄冰的不推荐,它的语法点比较杂,不系统内,话说得也比较繁琐容,不好理解。
张道真的可以,比较系统全面,但是对于初中生来说就有点太过系统了,不适合应对考试,知识点比较没有针对性。
推荐《魔法英语》,如果你底子不错的话,你可以看《魔法英语高中版》,它讲的语法都是重点,比较好理解,例句也很实用,适合应对考试~
希望可以帮到你!~

⑸ 初中三年必须学会的英语语法

1. 语法知识是在复掌握一定量的制单词和短语的基础上才能获得的。因此,单词的形态变化是语法学习的基础之基础。而九种基本时态和含有不复杂的状语从句及宾语从句的复合句是初中生学习的重点也是语法学习的难点。
2.总之,语法部分是英语学习的重点和难点。语法知识掌握得好,将大大加快英语学习的进程。本文归纳了词法、九种基本时态以及初中生需要掌握五种基本从句。希望对广大中学生有所帮助。

⑹ 初中有关定语从句的语法

初中定语从句详解。 定语从句是一种形容词的关系从句。它由关系代词或关系副词引导(1)。初中英语中的定语从句仅限于限制性定于从句,但对初中生来说,定语从句既是一个重点,也是一个难点。【关键词】定语从句 先行词 关系代词 关系副词
一、英语中的定语从句与汉语中的定语位置不同。
在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。英语中的定语从句始终要放在被修饰的词之后,而汉语中的定语则放在被修饰词之前。如:
The man who / that I saw at the school gate yesterday is my English teacher.
先行词 定语从句
昨天我在校门口看见的那个人是我的英语老师。
二、英语从句中的句型结构比较复杂,有先行词、关系代词或关系副词。被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词,引导定语从句的关联词有关系代词或关系副词。限制性关系分句和它的先行项的所指意义有着不可分割的联系(2)。关系代词或关系副词放在先行词和定语从句之间起纽带作用,关系代词或关系副词在定语从句中要充当一个成分。关系代词在句中可作主语、宾语或定语,关系副词在句中作状语。如:
I am waiting for the boy who /that is wearing a red coat. (主语)
先行词 关系代词
我正在等穿着红色外套的那个男孩。
The dictionary that / which my sister gave me last Sunday is very expensive.(宾语)
先行词 关系代词
我姐姐上周星期天给我的那本字典很贵。
The woman is his mother whose name is Linda Brown. (定语)
先行词 关系代词
那个是他的母亲,名叫琳达

⑺ 英语!初中生要掌握的所有语法!

所有词性相关知识 int. n. pron. v. conj. adv. adj .
abbr. art. prep. aux. vi. vt. num.
pl.
int.----interjection:感叹词 n.-----noun:名词
pron.----pronoun:代词 v.----verb:动词
conj.-----conjunction:连词 adv.----adverb:副词
adj.------adjective:形容词 abbr------abbreviation:缩写
art.-----article:冠词 prep.-----preposition:介词
aux.-----auxiliary:助词 vi.------verb intransitive:不及物动词
vt.------verb transitive:及物动词 num.-------number:数词
pl-------plural:复数 sing------singular:单数

所有时态和形式 :
■表示在过去某一时刻或某一动作之前已经完成了的动作,即“过去的过去”。如:

She said she had never been to Paris. 她告诉我她曾去过巴黎。

When the police arrived, the thieves had run away. 警察到达时,小偷们早就跑了。

By the time he was twelve, Edison had begun to make a living by himself. 到了十二岁那年,爱迪生开始自己谋生。

注意:过去完成时是一种相对时态,一定要有一个作参照的过去时间或过去动作作比较,否则,就不能用过去完成时。但下列3种情况虽然有是先后发生的两个过去动词,却同用一般过去时:

1. 先后发生的一系列动作,但并不强调先后时,最后两个动词用then,and,but 等连接。如:

On Saturday afternoon, Mrs Green went to the market, bought some bananas and visited her cousin. 星期下午,格林夫人去了市场,买了些香蕉,然后去看望了她的表姐。

2. 两个动作是紧接着发生的,可用一般过去时。如:

When I heard the news, I was very excited. 我听到那个消息时,非常高兴。

3. 叙述历史事实,可用一般过去时。如:

Our teacher told us that Columbus discovered America in 1492. 我们老师告诉我们哥伦布于1492年发现了美洲。

■表示从过去某一时刻开始一直延续到另一过去时刻的动作或状态。跟现在完成时一样,也常与how long, for three days, before等表示一段时间的状语连用。如:

When Jack arrived he learned Mary had been away for almost an hour. 当杰克到来时,他才了解到玛丽已经离开差不多一个小时了。

■表示未曾实现的希望或打算。表示希望或打算的动词,如hope, want, expect, think, suppose, plan, mean, intend等的过去完成时,后接不定式to do时,表示未曾实现的希望或打算,即“本来希望或打算做某事(但却没做) ”。如:

I had hoped to send him a Christmas card,but I forgot to do so. 我本来希望寄给他一张圣诞卡的,但我忘了寄了。

I had intended to come over to see you last night,but someone called and I couldn’t get away. 昨晚我本想去看你的,但有人来了我走不开。

■用于下列4个特殊句型中:

1. hardly…when…, no sooner…than…

2. It/ That /This was the first time that…

3. It was+时间段+since…(from www.yygrammar.com)

4. …than sb. had thought /expected /hoped /wanted等。

Hardly had I opened the door when he told me. 我刚开开门,他就告诉了我。

He had no sooner bought the car than he sold it. 他刚买了这辆车,转眼又卖了。

It was the second time he had been out with her. 这是他第二次和她一道出去。

It was more than a year now since he had seen her. 他上次见她以来已经一年多了。

We arrived earlier than we had expected. 我们到得比预料的早。

■表示到现在为止已发生或完成的动作,其结果的影响现在依然存在。有时与just, already, yet, recently, before, twice, three times等时间状语连用,如:

I have seen the film already. 我已经看过那部电影了。(现在我知道电影的内容了。)

Have you seen my bag? 你看到我的手提包了吗? (你知道它在哪里? )

注意:

1. 现在完成时不与yesterday, last week, two days ago, in1983, just now, when等表示具体的过去时间的状语连用。

2. 一般过去时只强调在过去发生过某事或关注的是动作发生的时间、地点、方式等;而现在完成时则强调过去的动作对现在的影响,因此,若现在影响并不存在时就不能用现在完成时了。如说I have closed the door. 那门现在也是关着的,若被风吹开了,就只能说I closed the door. 了。

■表示从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态。常与“since+时间点”,“for+时间段”,及how long, (ever) since, ever, before, so far, in the last /past few years, up to now, till now等时间状语连用。如:

She has been a dancer for ten years. 她已当了十年的舞蹈演员了。

We’ve planted thousands of trees in the past few years. 过去几年我们种了成千上万棵树。

So far there has been no bad news. 到现在为止还没有什么坏消息。

They’ve lived here since 1989. 从1989年起他们就在这里住了。

I saw Julia in April and I haven’t seen her since. 我四月见到朱莉娅,从那之后就没见到她了。

注意:非延续性动词leave, arrive, come, go, return, join, die, buy, borrow等的完成时,在肯定句中不能与for或since等引导的时间段连用。但其在否定式是可与这类时间状语连用的。如:I haven’t met him for two years. 我两年没有遇见他了。

■用于This/That/It is the first(second…) time that…句型中。如:

It is the first time that I have visited your beautiful city. 这是我第三次参观这个美丽的城市了。

■用于This/That/It is +the+形容词最高级+名词+that…句型中。如:

That’s the most interesting book I’ve ever read. 这是我看过的最有意思的书。

由would, was/were going to, was/were to was/were about to等加动词原形构成, 也可由was/were on the point of加动名词构成。

I knew you would agree. 我知道你会同意的。

I said I would arrange everything. 我说我来安排一切。

注:所有人称都用would,尤其在口语中。只有个别情况才用should。如:We knew we should win. 我知道我们会赢。

I told her that I was leaving soon. 我告诉她我们很快就要离开。

We were to have been married last year. 我们本来打算去年结婚的。

When we arrived, the train was just going to start. 我们到达时,火车正要启动。

I was about to leave when the telephone rang. 我正在离开,电话铃响了。

I was on the point of going when you came in. 我正要出去你来了。

The talk was e to last for three days. 会谈将进行三天。
一、用法

表示将来发生的事。常与tomorrow, next year等时间状语连用。

二、构成

通常有以下七种方式表示将来,注意它们各自的区别。

■由will加动词原形构成,当主语是第一人称时,也可以用shall加动词原形。如:

Telephone me this evening. I’ll be at home. 今晚给我打电话,我会在家。

I’ll (shall/will) do a better job next time. 下次我要干得好些。

注意:

1. will还可用来表示同意或“不能”。如:

Come and see me tomorrow. Yes,I will. 明天来找我。——好的。

一Don’t be late. 一No,I won’t. 别来晚了。——不会晚的。

The car won’t start. 车开不了啦。

Oil and water will not mix. 油和水没法混在一起。

2. 表示临时的决定,只能用will加动词原形。如:

-You’ve left the light on. 你忘记关灯了。

-Oh, so I have. I’ll go and turn it off. 啊!那我去关。

3. 在“祈使句+and/or+陈述句”句型中,陈述句中只能用will或情态动词加动词原形。如:

Work hard, and you will pass the exam. 努力学习,你就会通过考试。

4. 在条件句中表示将来不用will,而用一般现在时、be going to(打算) 或be to(为人所控制的动作) 等。若你见到在条件句中用了will,那will就是表示“愿意”的情态动词。如:

Let her do that if she will. 如果她愿意,就让她那样做。

■am/is/are going to加动词原形,表示主语的意图或打算将来做的事。如:

What are you going to do tomorrow? 你打算明天做什么呢?

The play is going to be proced next month. 这出戏下月开播。

注意:

已有迹象表明将要发生的事,只能用am/is/are加动词原形。如:Look at the dark clouds; it’s going to rain. 看那乌云,快要下雨了。

■be to加动词原形,仅用于表示正式的公务安排、公告指示、义务、禁止等。如:

You’re to deliver these flowers before 10. 你在10点钟之前把这些花送去。

You are to (=should) report to the police. 你应该报警的。

You’re not to (=mustn’t) tell him anything about our plans. 你不要把我们的计划透露给他。

注意:

1. 这与不定式作表语不同:My idea is to go there today. 我的意思是今天就去那里。

2. be to强调客观安排或受人指示而做某事,be going to则强调主观的打算或计划。

■be about to加动词原形,表示即将或马上要做某事。如:

He is about to leave for Beijing. 他马上要去北京。

注意:

be about to do不能与表示将来时间的状语连用。

■am/is/are on the point of加动词的-ing形式,表示“就要”做某事,也不能与表示将来的时间状语连用。如:

Look! They’re on the point of starting! 看!他们就要开始了!

■一般现在时表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情。如:

The train leaves at six tomorrow morning. 火车明天上午六点开。

■现在进行时表示将来,主要用于go, come, leave, start等表示去向的短暂性动词。如:

I’m leaving tomorrow. 明天我要走了。

⑻ 初中生英语语法觉得很难,主谓宾这些都不懂,怎么才能提高

1要有兴趣
你要通过多媒体接触并了解英语,如你可以看美国电影,听欧美歌曲版,或者对权说英语的国家的传统礼仪产生兴趣等等。这是你学英语的动力也是能消除你对学习语言的枯燥心情。
2语法的问题
这是最令人头痛的部分,如天书一般。其实语法特简单,它就像语文的语法一样。两者有很多的相似之处,只要找到主谓宾,定状补,那么名词性从句你也就掌握一大半了。至于什么虚拟语气,让步从句那都是英语才有的。你要把这些语法集中在一个大本子上,反复去看,反复写就行。
望采纳。

⑼ 我是一初二的学生,学习英语的什么从句有些困难,还有现在完成时,我想问问怎样学习这两种句型。

好的,主要是给你说一些定语从句的规律。定语从句顾名思义,在句子中作定语用,修饰句子中的某一名词或代词。
eg.
I'd like a room___windows look out over the sea.答案为whose
因为关系代词whose是who的所有格,在从句中做定语,多指人,也可指物。此处whose指名词room。
其次是where。where用作关系副词时,其先行词必须是表地点的名词,而且应在从句中用作地点状语。
eg.This is the town____I was born.答案为where
还有that.一般来说当先行词指人时,关系代词用that或who;先行词指物时,关系代词可用that或which。但是当先行词即指人又指物时,必须用关系代词that。在下列情况中也多用that:先行词为不定代词,包括复合词something等;先行词被形容词最高级修饰;还有在强调结构中;最后是先行词前有指示代词same时修饰等。
最后就是which。如果关系代词在介词之后,必须用which。
eg. This is the book about____i'm talking.答案为which。
另外,在下列情况中也用which:离先行词较远时;还有引导非限制性定语从句时等。
这些都是最基本的规律,只要你掌握了,再多做些练习,大概就没什么问题啦。
现在完成时,顾名思义就是到 现在为止 已经完成的时态,表状态,构成是have/has+动词的过去分词形式,这个时态的运用时,你要自己去判断它的时间,比如我们经常用一些标志性词语来判断so far,up to now, until now (迄今为止),since(自从…以来),for/in/over/ring the past few years, in the last few years(近几年来),等。 剩下的就是我刚说的,自己去判断句子中那个动作发生的时间,你就知道用什么时态和动词的什么形式了。

⑽ 初中生学英语语法的最佳方法

把这个看会你英语一定行!
初中英语词组总结
1 (see 、hear 、notice 、find 、feel 、listen to 、 look at (感官动词)+do eg:I like watching monkeys jump
2 (比较级 and 比较级) 表示越来越怎么样
3 a piece of cake =easy 小菜一碟(容易) 4 agree with sb 赞成某人
5 all kinds of 各种各样 a kind of 一样 6 all over the world = the whole world 整个 世界
7 along with同……一道,伴随…… eg : I will go along with you我将和你一起去
the students planted trees along with their teachers 学生同老师们一起种树
8 As soon as 一怎么样就怎么样 9 as you can see 你是知道的
10 ask for ……求助 向…要…(直接接想要的东西) eg : ask you for my book
11 ask sb for sth 向某人什么
12 ask sb to do sth 询问某人某事 ask sb not to do 叫某人不要做某事
13 at the age of 在……岁时 eg:I am sixteen I am at the age of sixteen
14 at the beginning of …… ……的起初;……的开始
15 at the end of +地点/+时间 最后;尽头;末尾 eg : At the end of the day
16 at this time of year 在每年的这个时候
17 be /feel confident of sth /that clause +从句 感觉/对什么有信心,自信
eg : I am / feel confident of my spoken English I feel that I can pass the test
18 be + doing 表:1 现在进行时 2 将来时
19 be able to (+ v 原) = can (+ v 原) 能够…… eg : She is able to sing She can sing
20 be able to do sth 能够干什么 eg :she is able to sing
21 be afraid to do (of sth 恐惧,害怕…… eg : I'm afraed to go out at night I'm afraid of dog
22 be allowed to do 被允许做什么
eg: I'm allowed to watch TV 我被允许看电视 I should be allowed to watch TV 我应该被允许看电视
23 be angry with sb 生某人的气 eg : Don't be angry with me
24 be angry with(at) sb for doing sth 为什么而生某人的气
25 be as…原级…as 和什么一样 eg : She is as tall as me 她和我一样高
26 be ashamed to 27 be away from 远离 28 be away from 从……离开
29 be bad for 对什么有害 eg : Reading books in the sun is bad for your eyes 在太阳下看书对你的眼睛不好
30 be born 出生于 31 be busy doing sth 忙于做什么事 be busy with sth 忙于……
32 be careful 当心;小心 33 be different from…… 和什么不一样
34 be famous for 以……著名 35 be friendly to sb 对某人友好
36 be from = come from 来自 eg :He is from Bejing He comes from Bejing Is he from Bejing ? Does he come from Bejing ?
37 be full of 装满……的 be filled with 充满 eg: the glass is full of water the glass is filled with water
38 be glad+to+do/从句 39 be going to + v(原) 将来时
40 be good at(+doing) = do well in 在某方面善长, 善于……
41 be good for 对什么有好处 eg : Reading aloud is good for your English
42 be happy to do 很高兴做某事
43 be helpful to sb 对某人有好处
eg : Reading aloud is helpful to you 大声朗读对你有好处
Exercising is helpful to your bady 锻炼对你的身体有好处
44 be in good health 身体健康
45 be in trouble 处于困难中 eg : She is in trouble They are in tronble
46 be interested in 对某方面感兴趣
47 be late for = come late to 迟到 eg: Be late for class 上课迟到
48 be like 像…… eg : I'm like my mother
49 be mad at 生某人的气
50 be made from 由……制成(制成以后看不见原材料)
51 be made of 由……制成(制成以后还看得见原材料) 52 be not sure 表不确定
53 be on a visit to 参观 54 be popular with sb 受某人欢迎
55 be quiet 安静 56 be short for 表**的缩写 eg: 陶 is short for 陶俊杰
57 be sick in bed 生病在床 58 be sorry to do sth be sorry for sb eg : I am sorry for you
59 be sorry to hear that 60 be sorry to trouble sb eg : I am sorry to trouble you
61 be strict in doing sth 严于做某事 eg : He's strict in obeying noles
62 be strict with sb 对某人要求严格 eg: Some students are not strict with them selves 这些学生对自己不严格
63 be strict with sb in sth 某方面对某人严格 64 be supposed to do 被要求干什么
65 be sure 表确定 66 be sure of doing sth 对做某事有信心 eg: He is sure of winning I am sure of learning English well
67 be sure of sth 对做某事有信心 eg: I'm sure of my head (my teacher 我相信我的大脑(老师)
68 be sure that sth 对做某事有信心 eg: I'm suer that he can pass the test 我相信他能通过考试
69 be sure to do sth一定会做某事eg: We are sure to pass the test 我们一定会通过这次考试 We are sure to learn English well 我们一定能学好英语
70 be terrified of + 名/动doing 害怕…… 71 be terrified to do sth 害怕做某事
72 be the same as … 和什么一样 73 be used to doing sth 习惯做某事
eg: My father is used to getting up early 我爸爸习惯早He is used to sleeping in class 他习惯上课睡觉
74 be worth doing 值得做什么 75 be(feel) afraid to do sth 害怕做某事be afraid of sth 害怕某物 be afraid that 丛句
76 because+句子 because of +短语
eg : He was late because he had a headache He was late because of his headache
77 begin to do = start to do 开始做某事 start…with…=begin…with… 以什么开始什么
eg : Let's begin the game with the song I begin to go home
78 between…and… 两者之间
79 borrow sth from sb 向……借…… lend sth to sb ( lend sb sth 借给……什么东西
eg : I borrowed a pen from him he lent a pen to me ( he lent me a pen
80 both = the same(as) = not different(from) 表相同
81 bother 打扰 bother sb to do sth
eg : I'm sorry to bother you ,but can you tell me to way to the station
我十分道歉打扰你,但是你能告诉我怎么去车站
the problem has been bothering me for weeks 这个问题困扰了我几个周了
He's bothering me to lend him money
82 by the end of 到……为止 83 call sb sth eg : We call him old wang
84 care 关心 eg : Don't you care about this country's future ?你为什么不关心国家的未来
85 catch up with sb 赶上某人 86 chat with sb 和某人闲谈 take sb to + 地点 带某人去某地
87 come in 进88 come over to 过来
89 come up with 提出 eg: Can you come up with a good idea 你能想出一个好办法吗?
90 communicate with sb 和某人交流
91 consider + doing 考虑做什么 eg : Why not consider going to lu zhou 为什么不考虑去泸州?
92 dance to 随着……跳舞 eg : She likes dancing to the music 她喜欢随着音乐跳舞
93 decide to do sth 决定做某事 94 do a survey of 做某方面的调查 95 do better in 在……方面做得更好
96 do wrong 做错 97 Don't forget to do sth 不要忘了做某事 98 Don't mind +doing /从句 /名词 不要介意……
99 each +名(单)每一个…eg : Each student has many books 每一个学生都有一些书 100 end up +doing 101 enjoy +doing喜欢 102 escape from 从……逃跑eg: The prisoners have escaped from the prison犯人从监狱里逃跑出来 103 expect to do sth 期待做某事 104 fall down 摔下来 fall off 从哪摔下来 105 fall in love with sb /sth 爱上什么
106 far from 离某地远 eg : The school is far from my home 107 find +it +adj +to do 发现做某事怎么样
108 find sb/sth +adj 发现什么怎么样 eg : I find the book interesting 109 finish 完成+doing(名词)
110 fit to sb = be fit for sb 适合某人 111 forget to do 没有做而忘了 forget doing 做了而又忘了 eg: Don't forget to go home I forget closing door 112 from…to… 从某某到某某 eg: From me for her
113 get /have sth down 做完,被(别人)做…eg: I have my hair cut 我理了发(头发被剪了)
Tom got his bad tooth pulled out 汤母把他的坏牙拔掉了(被牙医拔掉了)
114 get a part-time job= find a part-time job 115 get along well with sb = get on well with sb 与某人相处得好
116 get along with sb = get on with sb 与某人相处 117 get ready for = be ready for为什么而准备eg : I get ready for math I am ready for math 118 get sb in to trouble 给某人麻119 get sb to do sth
120 get…from… 从某处得到某物 121 give a talk 做报告 eg: He is give a tall
122 give sth to sb give sb sth 给某人某物 123 go fish 钓鱼 go swimming 游泳
124 go on to do 去做下一件事 go on doing 继续做这件事 125 go out away from go out of
126 go to school 上学(用于专业的)go to the school 去学校(不一定是上学) 127 good way to 好方法
128 hate to do 讨厌没做过的事 hate doing 讨厌做过的事
129 have a party for sb 举办谁的晚会 130 have a talk 听报告 谈一谈
131 have been doing 现在完成进行时 eg : You have been talking You have been sleeping since
132 have been to …( 地方)……去过某过地方 have gone to …(地方) 去了某地还没回来
133 have fun +doing 玩得高兴 134 have sth to do 有什么事要做
eg: I have a lot of homework to do 我有很多家庭作业要做 I have nothing to do 我没什么事情做
135 have to do sth 必须做某事
136 have trouble (problem) (in) doing sth 做什么事情有麻烦
137 have…time +doing
138 have…(时间)…off 放……假 eg: I have month off 我请一个月得假
139 hear sb +do/doing 听见某人做某事/正在做某事
140 help a lot 很大用处
141 help sb with sth \one's sth 帮助某人某事(某方面) help sb (to) do sth 帮助某人做某事
142 hope to do sth 希望做某事
143 How about(+doing) = What about(+doing)
144 how do you like = what do you think of 你对什么的看法
145 if : 是否=wether
eg: I don't know if (wether) I should go to the party 我不知道我是否应该去参加晚会
He don't know if (wether) we will arrive on time tomorrow morning 他不知道我们明天早上是否能准时到达
146 if :如果,假如(全部接一般时态)+条件语态从句
eg: I'll go to LuZhou if it does't rain 假如明天不下雨,我就去泸州
If they change the plan they will let me know 假如他们要改变计划,他们会让我知道的
I'll go to England ,if I have enough money next year 如果我明年由足够的钱,我就要去英国
147 in one's opinion = sb think 某人认为
148 in some ways 在某些方面
149 in the end = finally(adv) 最后
150 in the north of… 什么在什么的北方 (north 北 sowth 南 west 西 east 东 )
151 in the sun 在太阳下
152 increase 增加
eg : They've increased the prece of petrol by 3% 他们把石油价增加了3%
the population has increased from 12 million ten years ago to 18 million now
153 instead of +(名 ) 代替
eg: I'd like an apple instead of a pear 我想要苹果,而不要梨子
I like English instead of math 我喜欢英语而不喜欢数学
154 introce sb to sb 介绍某人给某人 introce oneself 自我介绍
155 invite sb to do sth 邀请某人做某事
156 It takes sb sometime to do sth 做某人花掉某人多少时间
eg : It took me 5 minutes to do my homework It takes me half an hour to cook
157 It's +adj +for sb to do sth 对某人来说做某事怎么样
158 It's +adj +to do 做某事怎么样
159 It's +adj for sb 对于某人来说怎么样 It's +adj of sb 对某人来说太怎么样
160 It's +adj(for sb) to do(对某人来说) 做某事怎么样 It's +adj of sb to do sth 对某人来说做某事太怎么样
eg : It's nice of you to help me with my English
161 It's a good idea for sb to do sth 对…… 来说是个好主意
162 It's important to sb 对某人来说很重要 eg: It's important to me
163 It's time to do sth It's time for sth 到了该去做某事的时间
eg : It's time to have class It's time for class 该去上课了
164 join = take part in 参加
165 just now 刚才
166 keep +sb /sth +adj /介词短语 让什么保持什么样?
167 keep out 不让 …… 进入
168 keep sb adj 让……保持…… eg: I want to keep my mother happy keep healthy 保持健康
169 key to +名词 表示:某物的钥匙或某题的答案
170 key to… anser to … key 可以是答题或钥匙
171 laugh at… 取笑…… eg : Don't langh at others We langhed at the joke
172 learn by oneslfe 自学
173 learn from sb 向某人学习 eg: We should learn from Lei Feng
174 learn to do sth 学做某事
175 let sb do sth 让某人做某事
176 Let sb down 让某人失望 eg : We shouldn't let our farents down 我们不应该让我们的父母失望
177 live from :离某地远
178 live in +大地方 /at +小地方 居住在某地 eg: I live in LuZhou She lives at XuanTan
179 look after = take care of 照顾 照看
180 lose one's way 谁 迷 路 eg : Lose your way 你迷路
181 make a decision to do sth 决定做某事
182 make friends with sb 和谁成为朋友 eg : I want to make friends with you
183 make it early 把时间定的早一点
184 make on exhibition of oneself 让某人出洋相
185 make sb /n +n 使什么成为什么 eg : I made her my step moller I made you my wife
186 make sb /sth +adj 使某人(某物)怎么样 eg : You must made your bed clean
187 make sb /sth adj 使某人/某物怎么样
188 make sb do sth 让某人做某事 eg : I made him write 我以前让他写
189 make up be made up of (被动语态)由……组成
190 make…difference to…
191 mind sb to do mind one's doing 介意……做什么
192 most +名 most of +代
193 much too +形容词 194 must be 一定 195 need +名词
196 need sb do sth 需要某人做某事 197 need to do (实义动词) need do (情态动词)
198 no /neithr of hate to do no /neithr of hate doing
199 no +名词
200 not anymore = no more 再也不…… eg: He didn't cry any more He cried no more 他再也不哭201 not… (形 、副)at all eg: He's not tall at all she doesn't junp far at all

202 not…at all 一点都不
203 not…either 表否定,也不 eg : I don't japanse either I don't have sister, either 我也没有姐姐
204 not…until 直到……才……
eg: I didn't sleep until my mother came back The child didn't stop crying until I give her sugar
205 offer / provide sb with sth 给某人提供
206 offer sb sth ( offer sth to sb 提供什么东西给某人 eg : I offer you water (I offer water to you 我给你提供水
207 on one's way to… 在谁去那的路上
208 on the one hand 一方面 on the other hand 另一方面
209 on the phone = over the phone 用电话交谈
210 on time 准时 in time 及时
211 one day =some day =someday 一天,有一天
212 one of +可数名词的复数形式
213 one to another 一个到另一个
214 over and over agin 一遍又一遍的 eg : He cleaned the floor over and over agin
215 part-time job 兼职工作 fall-time job 全职工作
216 pay for… 付……钱 pay the bill 开钱 ,付钱
217 please +do
218 please help yourself
219 pleased with sb
220 pool into = pore into
221 practice +doing 练习做某事
222 prefer sth to sth 相对……更喜欢…… eg : I prefer physics to chemisty 在物理和化学中,我更喜欢物理
prefer doing to sth 更喜欢去做…不愿意去做… eg: He prefers riding a bike to diving 他更喜欢骑自行车,不开小车
prefer to do sth rather than do sth 宁愿做…也不愿
eg: My unde prefers to buy a now car rather than repaiv the used one 我叔叔更喜欢买新的车,也不去修旧车
prefer sb not to do sth 更愿意… eg: I prefer her not to come 我不喜欢她不来
223 pretend to do sth 装着去做什么 pretend that 从句
eg : The two cheats pretended to be working very hard 这两个骗子装着努力工作
He pretended that he did not know the answer 他装着不知道答案
224 rather…than 宁可……也不……
eg : I would rather be a doctor than a teacher 我愿肯当医生,也不当老师
He likes dogs rather than cats 他喜欢狗,不喜欢猫
225 regard…as 把……当作……
eg: Please give my best regards to your family 请带我向你的家人我最好的问候
I regard you as my friend 我把你当作我的朋友
He shows little regard for others 他不爱关心别人
226 remid sb about sth 提醒某人什么事 remid sb to do sth 提醒某人做某事
eg : he remids me about cooking (he remids me to cook 他提醒我做饭
227 remid sb of sth 使某人想起什么
eg : the pictures remind me of my school days 这照片使我想起了我的学校
the words that (which) the teacher talke to remind me of my mother
228 return sth to sb 还什么东西给某人
229 say to oneself 对自己说
230 say to sb 对某人说
231 sb spend somemoney on sth 花了多少钱在某事上
232 sb spend sometime with sb 花了多少时间陪谁
233 sb spend sometime(in) doing sth 花了多少时间做某事
234 sb with sb +is sb and sb +are
235 see sb do 看见某人做过某事 see sb doing 看见某人正在做某事
236 seem to do/be +adj 显得怎么样 eg : You seem to be tired You seem to be happy
237 send +sb sth 送给某人某物
238 send…to…把什么寄到哪里去?
239 shock 使……震惊 eg : Oh , It's only you ! You give me a shock 啊,是你呀!吓我一跳
240 show sb sth 向某人展示某物 eg : I show her the book.
241 show sb sth = show sth to sb 拿什么东西给某人看 eg: Show me your pen Show your pen to me
242 show sth to sb 向某人展示某物 eg : I show the book to her.
243 some…others… 一些……另一些……
244 start…with… 从……开始 begin…with… 从……开始
245 stay away from 远离……
eg : We're told to stay away from the animals whe visiting the zoo 当我们参观zoo 时,我们要远离动物
If you want to lose weight you'd better stay auay from the sweet food 徒工你想减肥,你最好远离甜食
246 stop doing 停下正在做的事
247 stop sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事
248 stop sb(from) doing 阻止某人做某事
249 stop to do 停下正在做的事去做下一件事
250 such +名 这样 ,这种
251 suit sb 适合某人
252 surprise sb 使某人惊奇 to one's surprise 令某人惊奇
253 take classes 上课
254 take sb to 把某人带去 eg : I take you to the hospital
255 take walks = take a walk = go for a walk 散步
256 ①talk to 对谁说 eg : I talk to you ② talk with 和谁说 eg : I talk with him
③ talk of 谈到 eg : we talked of you ④ talk about 谈论关于……
257 talk with sb 和某人说话
258 teach sb sth 教某人做某事
259 tell sb do sth 告诉某人做某事
260 tell sb sth tell sb that 丛句 tell sb not to do sth tell a story
261 tell sb sth 告诉某人某事
262 tell sb to do sth 告诉某人做什么 tell sb not to do sth 告诉某人不要做什么
263 tell…from…
264 thank you for +doing
265 the same +名词(doing)+as……
266 the same…(名)…as as…(adj adv)…as 相同
267 the way to do sth = the way of doing st做某方面 的方法the way to +地方 去哪的路
e g :Do you know the way to learn English Do you know the way of learning English
268 the way to…(地点) 到哪的269 too…to… 太怎样而不能……adj +enough to 足够…能… so…that +丛句
eg: He is too young to go to school = He is so young that he can't go to school
He is old enough to go to school = He is so old that he can go to school
270 transalte ……into…… 把什么翻译成什么 eg : Trasalte English into chinese
271 travel with sb和某人去旅游272 try one's best to do sth尽某人最大的努力去做某事eg: I will try my best to learn English well 273 try to do sth 想干什么,但没成功 try doing sth 想干什么,已经做过了
eg :He tried to climb 他想爬上去,但没成功 He tried climbing 他想爬上去,已经做过了
274 try…试衣服 have a try 试一下 275 turn down 开小 ←→ turn up 开大
276 turn off 关上 ←→ turn on 打开 open 拆开 277 upside down 倒着
278 visit to… 参观某个地方 279 wait for sb 等某人

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