⑴ 八年级下学期英语每单元重点语法列出来
1. 一般将来时 表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态，也表示将来经常或反复发生的动作，常与表示将来的时间状语连用。例如：He will come to see you next month.他下个月将会来看你。Will people use money in five hundred years?500年后人们用钱吗？2. 委婉建议用should should作为情态动词，可用于各种人称，意为“应该”，用于表示劝告、建议等，其否定形式为shouldn’t。例如：You should write a letter to your mother.你应该给你妈妈写封信。He shouldn’t drink and drive.他不应该酒后驾车。3. 过去进行时 表示在过去某个时间正在进行的动作或过去某一阶段一直进行的动作。例如：—What were you doing when your mother came in? 你妈妈进来时你正在干什么？—I was playing computer games. 我正在玩电脑游戏。4. 直接引语与间接引语 直接引语指直接引述别人的原话，而间接引语则指用自己的话转述别人的话。直接引语变间接引语时，要注意在人称和时态上作适当的调整。例如：He said, “I will fly to Paris tomorrow.”→ He said that he would fly to Paris tomorrow / the next day.Mr.81 回答采纳率:20.1% 2010-06-06 14:23 楼主，您好Unit 11. Words &phrases: how often , hardly , twice , once , difference , look after , although ,etc .2. Learn to talk about how often do you do things .3. 一些表示频率的副词: always , usually , often , never , hardly ever , sometimes .4. 句子结构: What do you usually do on weekends ?How often ··· ?及回答. how often引起的特殊疑问句及回答.2. “be good for” means :有益于…，对…有好处.Unit 2Unit 31. Words & phrases: babysit ,get back , fishing , rent , think about , decide(on) , tourist etc.2. How to talk about future plans .3. 现在进行时表示将来计划或行动.4. 特殊疑问句（where , when , how long引导）Important and difficult points :Drills :What are you doing for vacation ?I’m watching TV .When are you going ?I’m going … .How long are you staying ?We’re staying for five days .Unit 41. Words & phrases: get to , how far , bicycle , subway , minute , mile , bus stop .2. Talk about how to get to places (谈论出行方式)take the bus /subway /train /taxi , ride a bike /walk .3. how引导的特殊疑问句，表示乘坐何种交通工具的方式.how far ,how long 引导的特殊疑问句.4. 基数词及时间的表示方法.how /how far /how long 引导的特殊疑问句.乘坐交通工具的表示方法.It takes /will take/took sb some time to do sth .使用how many 和how much 分别对可数名词和不可数名词的量提问.情感目标:培养学生热爱劳动的习惯.掌握由there be 结构和行为动词构成的一般过去时.掌握规则和不规则动词的过去时.掌握一般过去时态的以how long , when , where 等疑问词开头的特殊疑问句.掌握一般将来时的用法. be going to 的用法.Could you please + do sth ?Could you + do sth ?有礼貌地提出请求.掌握一些形容词的比较级和最高级.特殊形容词的比较级和最高级：一、比较级的定义：大多数的形容词都有三个级别：原级、比较级、最高级。其中比较级表示“更……”，用于两者之间的比较，用来说明“前者比后者更……”，比较级前面一般用much, even, a little修饰，其中even, much 只能修饰比较级。二、比较级的构成：（1）规则变化：①单音节和部分双音节的形容词一般在词尾加-erEg: calm---calmer tall---taller smart---smarter②以字母e结尾的直接在词尾加-rEg: nice---nicer fine---finer large---larger③以“辅音+y 结尾的词，变y为 i，再加-er”Eg: early---earlier happy---happier busy---busier④以重读闭音节的单个辅音字母结尾的词，双写辅音字母，再加-erEg: big---bigger thin---thinner hot---hotter⑤多音节或部分双音节的形容词在原级前面加moreEg: popular---more popular important---more important（2）不规则变化：少数形容词的比较级变化是不规则的：good---better bad/ill---worse many/much---morelittle---less far---farther/further old---older/elder三、比较级的用法:(一)当两个人或事物（A和B）进行比较时，我们需要用到形容词（副词）的原级或者比较级1． 表达“A和B一样”，用as…as的结构。公式: A+be动词+as+形容词原级+as…+BA+实义动词+as+副词原级+as…+BEg I am as tall as you.我和你一样高。He runs as fast as I. 他跑得和我一样快。2．表达“A不如B”用not as…as的结构。公式: A+be动词的否定形式+as+形容词原级+as…+BA+助词的否定形式+动词+as+形容词原级+as…+BEg I am not as tall as you.我没有你高。He doesn’t run as fast as I. 他没有我跑得快。2． 表达“A大于B”用“比较级+than”的结构。公式: A+be动词+形容词比较级+than+B…A+实义动词+副词比较级+than+B…Eg I am taller than you.我比你高。He runs faster than I. 他跑得比我快。(二)关于形容词、副词比较级的更多用法1．比较级前面可以加上表示“优劣程度”的词或短语，意思是“更…”，“…得…”。常见词有much, a little, even, a lot, a great deal等。Eg He is much taller than I.他比我要高得多。I jump a little higher than he.我跳得比他高一点点。想一想，这些词能修饰形容词或副词的原级吗？2.比较级前面可以加上表示具体数量差别的结构,表示具体“大多少”，“小多少”，“长多少”，“短多少”等。Eg I am two years older than he.我比他大两岁。This building is 20 meters higher than that one.3．“比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越……”。 It is getting warmer and warmer．天气越来越暖和。He is running faster and faster．他跑得越来越快。0ur country is becoming more and more beautiful．我们祖国越来越美了。4．“the more…， the more…”表示“越……，就越……”，The more，the better.多多益善。The more careful you are,the fewer mistakes you will make.你越细心，犯错就越少。5．“the more…of the two…”表示“两个当中较。。。的一个”The taller of the two boys is my brother.四、当三个或三个以上的人或事物进行比较时，我们需要用到形容词（副词）的最高级1．表达“…是…中最…的”,用“the+形容词（副词）的最高级”的结构。后面可以加上表示范围的介词短语或从句。公式：主语+be动词+the +形容词最高级+（名词）+表示范围的介词短语或从句主语+实义动词+（the） +形容词最高级+表示范围的介词短语或从句Eg He is the tallest (student) in our class. He jumps the highest of the three boys.This is the best book that I have ever read.2．表示“最…的…中一个”，用“one of +the +最高级+复数名词”的结构来表达。Eg He is one of the best students in our class.他是我们班最好的学生之一。This is one of the most beautiful flowers in the garden.这是花园里最漂亮的花之。注意：(一) 形容词的最高级前面有定冠词the , 而副词的最高级前面定冠词the可以省略。但在形容词最高级前有物主代词时，不能要定冠词the.（二）常见的用来表示范围的介词有in, of, among五、运用形容词、副词比较级应当注意的问题： (一)、按语法规则，than后面的人称代词应当用主格，但口语当中有时会用宾格代替主格。 Eg He is more careful than I (me).(二)、只有同类的事物才能比较 e.g Her bag is bigger than mine. 不能说 Her bag is bigger than I.The weather of Kunming is much better than that of Shenyang.谢谢采纳！
⑵ 北京初二英语语法，北京初二英语知识点
not only..but also不仅。。而且
used to do sht 过去做某事
used do sht 过去常常做某事
pay for.talk to sh .
as ..as
not as..as
beteen..and ..
like doing sth like to do sth
go for /leave for/have been to /say...to sb /in the way to /on one"s way to /give sb sth/give sth to sb/by sth for sb
run into 1.碰撞上;2共计,达到..之多; 3.偶然遇见,撞见
run off 复印,打印
run away with 1.(感情等)战胜,不受..约束; 2
run out of 用光,耗尽
run over (车)碾过,撞倒
run through 1.浏览;2贯穿,普遍存在
in the long run 最终,从长远观点看来
for the sake of 为了,看在...的份上
all the same 仍然,照样地
on sale 出售,廉价出售
on a large/small scale 大/小规模地
on schele 按预定时间,
scrape through 勉强通过
start from scratch 从头做起,从零开始
in secret 秘密地,私下地
see off 给...送行
see through 看穿,识破
see to 照料,负责,注意,留心
send for 派人去请,召唤,索取
send off 邮寄,发送
send in 呈报,提交,送来
in a sense 从某种意义上说
make sense 讲得通,有意义,言之有理
in sequence 顺序地
serve right 活该,给应得的待遇
set about +doing 开始,着手
set aside 1.挑出,留出,拨出;2.把...置于一旁,不理会
set back 1.2推迟,延缓,阻碍; 3 使花费
set down 1.记下,写下;2下车
set forth 1.启程,动身;2.提出,(正式用语)宣布,发表
set off 1.动身,出发;2. 使爆炸,3使爆发,引起;4
set out 1.动身,启程;2.开始;3陈述,阐明;4.摆出
set out to 开始
set up E.建立,设立,树立 I.资助,使自立,扶持
settle down 定居,过安定生活
in the shape of 呈...形状,以...的形式
be short of 缺乏
cut short 中断,打断
run short 用完,耗尽,不足,不够
for short 简称,缩写
in short 简而言之,总之
show in 领入
show off 炫耀,卖弄
show up 使显现,使醒目;来到,露面
shut out 关出,把..关在外面
shut off 关掉(煤气等);切断,脱离
sick of 厌烦
on the side 作为兼职,正事以外
side by side 肩并肩,一个挨一个
side walk 人行道
at first sight 乍一看,初看起来
in/out of sight 看见/看不见,在视野以外
catch sight of 发现,突然看见
sit up 迟睡,熬夜
sit for 参加
sit in 列席,旁听
on the sly 偷偷地,冷不防地
ever so 非常,极其
or so 大约,左右
on the spot 当场,立即,马上,在现场
(go) on the stage 上舞台,做演员
at stake 在危险中,利害攸关
stand by 站在旁边,袖手旁观; 作好准备;站在一起,支持,帮助
stand for 1是..的缩写,代表,意味着; 2.主张,支持; 3.容忍,接受
stand out 1.清晰地显出,引人注目; 2.杰出,出色
stand up (to) 勇敢地面对,抵抗,经得起
stand up for 维护,支持,保卫
in step / out of step 齐步,合拍(with)与..一致, 协调 /不~
step up 加快,加速; 增加,逐步提高
step in 插入,介入
stick out 突出,伸出,坚持到底,继续
stick to 坚持,忠于,信守
in stock 现有,备有
all of a sudden 突然
in sum 简言之.一言以蔽之
sum up 总结,概括
take ... as 把...认为是
take after 在外貌,性格上与..相像
take away 减去
take down 1.拆,拆卸;2.记下,写下
take for 认为,以为
take in 1.2.3接受,容纳,吸收; 4.领会,理解;5.诈骗,欺骗
take off 1.脱下;2.起飞;3.
take on 1.2呈现,具有,装出;3.承担,从事;4.开始雇用;5同..较量,接受..挑战
take over 接管,接收
take up 1.开始从事;2.占去,占据, 3.着手处理,论及;
take to 1,对...产生好感,开始喜欢; 2.形成..习惯,开始从事
talk back 顶嘴,反驳
talk into 说服
in tears 流着泪,含泪,哭
lose one's temper 发怒,发脾气
in terms of 在..方面,就..方面而言
thanks to 由于,因为,多亏
for one thing 首先, 一则
think of 1.考虑,关心;2.对..有特定看法/想法;3.4.想到,想起
http://wenku..com/view/0af90abfc77da26925c5b03a.html这里也有很多语法点
⑶ 初二下学期的英语语法重点和时态重点拜托各位了 3Q
新课标8年级下英语语法重点 Unit 1 Will people have robots? 重点语法：一般将来时态的应用 Unit 2 What should I do? 重点语法：过去将来时态（将来时态的委婉说法） Unit 3 What were you doing when the UFO arrived? 重点语法：过去进行时态 Unit 4 He said I was hard-working. 重点语法：宾语从句 Unit 5 If you go to the party, you'll have a great time! 重点语法：if 引导的条件状语从句 Unit 6 How long have you been collecting shells? 重点语法：现在完成进行时态 Unit 7 Would you mind turning down the music? 重点语法：mind [one's] doing sth. 介意（某人）做某事 Unit 8 Why don't you get her a scarf? 重点语法：询问别人为什么要做或者不做某事 Unit 9 Have you ever been to an amusement? 重点语法：现在完成时态 Unit 10 It's a nice day, isn't it? 重点语法：反意疑问句
⑷ 初二英语下册语法重点
下册主要就是被动语态啦被动语态的主要用法
一．定义
语态是动词的一种形式，它表示主语和谓语的关系。语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。如果主语是动作的执行者，或者是说动作是由主语完成的，要用主动语态；如果主语是动作的承受者，或者是说动作不是由主语而是由其他人完成的，则用被动语态。
■当不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者时，常用被动语态，这时往往不用by短语。
The front window in the classroom was broken yesterday. 昨天，教室的前窗被打破了。(不知谁打破的)
They have been poorly paid. 他们的工资太低。(没必要指出工资是谁付的)
■突出或强调动作的承受者，如果需要说出动作的执行者，用by短语。
The time-table has been changed. 时间表已变动了。(要突出的是“时间”)
These books are written especially for children. 这些书是专门为孩子们写的。(强调的是“”这些书)
■为了使语言得体或圆滑等不愿意说出动作的执行者。如：
You are requested to make a speech at next meeting. 请您在下次会议上作个发言。
It is said that she is going to be married to a foreigner. 据说她要嫁给一个外国人。
■出于修辞的原因，或是说为了更好地安排句子。如：
The notion is especially opposed to by those who have invested much in the area. 这个提议特别遭到了那些在本地区投资很大的人的反对。(因those的定语太长了，若用它作主语，主语与谓语就相距太远而显得句子松散。)
8种常用时态的被动语态
由“助动词be + 动词的过去分词”构成。助动词be 有时态、人称和数的变化。
(1) 一般现在时：am/is/are +过去分词。如：
Rice is grown in south China. 华南种植水稻。
(2) 一般过去时：was/were+过去分词。如：
The glass was broken yesterday. 这块玻璃是昨天打烂的。
(3) 现在进行时：am/is/are being +过去分词。如：
The project is being carried out. 这个计划正在执行中。
(4) 过去进行时：was/were/being +过去分词。如：
This road was being built this time last year. 这条路去年这个时候还在修建。
(5) 一般将来时：will be +过去分词。如：
The cars will be sent abroad by sea. 这些汽车将由水路运往国外。
(6) 过去将来时：would be +过去分词。如：
The manager said the project would be completed by the end of the year. 经理说这个工程在年底前将会完成。
(7) 现在完成时：have/has been +过去分词。如：
This novel has been translated into several languages. 这本小说已被译成了几种语言。
(8) 过去完在时：had been +过去分词。如：
When I got to the theatre, I found the tickets had already been sold out. 我到达剧院时，发现票已卖完了。
⑸ 谁有初二英语下学期所有语法知识点 急求！
你要什么版本的？？人教版？？
⑹ 初二下半学期英语语法知识点
词组：
八年级下 Unit1
1. 免费 be free
3. 活到200岁 live to be 200 years old
5. 更少的污染 less pollution
7. 更少地使用地铁 use the subway less
9. 更多的高楼 more tall buildings
11. 十年后 in ten years
13. 住的地方 places to live
15. 住在太空站 live on the space station
17. 住在公寓 live in an apartment
19. 一个人住 live alone/by oneself
21. 去滑冰 go skating
23. 看起来很时髦 look smart
25. 穿着随意 dress casually
27. 实现 come true
29. 在未来 in the future
八年级下 Unit 2
argued with sb. 与某人生气
have an argument with sb.与某人生气
out of style 不时髦的
in style 时髦的
keep out 不让……进入
call sb. up 打电话给……
on the phone 用电话交谈
pay for 付款
part-time job 兼职工作
Teen Talk 青少年论坛
the same as 与…同样的
get on 相处
as much as possible 尽可能多
all kinds of 各种
on the other hand一方面
borrow sth. from sb.向某人借某物
found out 找出
is popular at school 在学校受欢迎
except me 除了我
have a quick supper 去吃快餐
not……until 直到……才
try to do 试着去做
complain about doing sth.抱怨做某事
seem to do
comparing…with 把…与…做比较
think for 为…着想
find it +adj.+to do sth.发现做某事很怎样
learn to do 学会做某事
八年级下 Unit 3
barber shop 理发店
get out 出去
take off 起飞
train station 火车站
come in 进来
Beijing International Airport北京国际机场
hear about 听说
take place 发生
World Trade Center世界贸易中心
as…as 和…一样
in front of 在…的前面
clean my room打扫我的房间
sleep late 睡懒觉
make a smooth做思木西
cook dinner 做晚饭
eat lunch 吃中午饭
cut hair 剪头发
have…experience有…经历
in the morning 在早晨
walk down 走下来
very surprised 非常惊奇
souvenir shop 纪念品商店
TV station 电视台
in the museum 在博物馆
climb a tree 爬树
jump down 跳下
take a photo 照相
called the police报警
rode his bicycle 骑自行车
buy a newspaper买一份报纸
run away 逃跑
think about 考虑…做某事
for example 举例子
heard about 听说
having fun 玩的高兴
in silence 在…
told us 告诉我们
in space 在太空
over the world遍及全世界
became famous因…而出名
next to 挨着
1. arrive at/in
2. a TV reporter
3. in front of
4. in the front of
5. get out of
6. sleep late
7. in(at) the library
8. the Museum of Flight
9. buy a souvenir
10. call the police
11. call the TV station
12. call the newspaper
13. take off
14. an unusual experience
15. jump down from
16. take photos of
17. too scared
18. walk to school
19. in the tree
20. on the tree
21. police officer
22. at the doctor’s
23. go shopping( do some shopping)
24. a barber shop
25. on/in the playground
26. ten minutes ago
27. in silence
28. keep silent/quiet
29. take place
30. become a national hero
31. become/be famous for
32. become/be famous as
33. all over the world (in the world)
34. in turn
35. have fun (enjoy oneself)
36. on the moon
37. be murdered
38. be destroyed
39. on this day
40. hear about/of
41. be born
42. cut hair ( have one’s cut)
八年级下 Unit 5
Have a great time玩的高兴
let in ` ```进来
stay at home 呆在家
Help sb. (to) do sth..帮助某人做某事
take away 拿走
ask sb. To sth
At the party 在晚会上
go to college 去大学
be\become famous变的有名
Travel around the world环游世界
make money 挣钱
work hard 努力工作
A professional soccer player
一名职业足球运动员
seem like 看起来像
Make a living 谋生
all over the world世界各地
give money to 捐钱
All the time 一直
for a living 为``````谋生
get injured 受伤
in fact 事实上
Be able to 能够
be going to
spend time 消磨时间
too much 太多
laugh at 笑话某人
go back
In order 为了``````
八年级下 Unit 9
be late for 迟到
look like 看起来象
in order 按顺序
by noon 到中午为止
on the weekend 在周末
have a good day!玩的愉快
looking through 浏览
waiting inline 排队
really low 降低
tell sb. about yourself告诉某人有关你的事
a ball game fan 球迷
be friendly to sb.对某人友好
feel like 感觉像
a friend like you 像你一样的朋友
get along 相处
thanks for 因……而感谢
ask sb. To do sth.要求某人做某事
go with me 和我一起去
think of 想起
leave early 早早离开
at least 至少
be careful 小心
八年纪 下册 Unit 10
most of 大多数
make sb. Laugh让某人笑
like to do 喜欢做某事
like doing
both like 都喜欢
the same like 和``````一样
for me 对我来说
get the job 上班
enjoy doing sth
make sb. do sth
want sb. to do sth.
let sb. to do sth.
take spend cost：
take spend cost 区别的用法都可以表示“花费”，但用法却不尽相同。
spend的主语必须是人， 常用于以下结构：
(1) spend time ／money on sth. 在……上花费时间（金钱）。例：I spent two hours on this maths problem. 这道数学题花了我两个小时。
(2) spend time ／ money (in) doing sth. 花费时间（金钱）做某事。例：They spent two years (in) building this bridge. 造这座桥花了他们两年时间。
(3)spend money for sth. 花钱买……。例：His money was spent for books. 他的钱用来买书了。
cost的主语是物或某种活动， 还可以表示“值”， 常见用法如下：
(1)sth. costs (sb.) ＋金钱,某物花了（某人）多少钱。例：A new computer costs a lot of money. 买一台新电脑要花一大笔钱。
(2) (doing) sth. costs (sb.) ＋时间,某物（做某事）花了（某人）多少时间。例：Remembering these new words cost him a lot of time. 他花了大量时间才记住了这些单词。
注意：cost的过去式及过去分词都是cost,并且不能用于被动句。
take后面常跟双宾语， 常见用法有以下几种：
(1) It takes sb. ＋时间＋to do sth. 做某事花了某人多少时间。例：It took them three years to build this road. 他们用了三年时间修完了这条路。
(2)doing sth. takes sb. ＋时间,做某事花了某人多少时间。例：Repairing this car took him the whole afternoon. 他花了一下午修车。 希望能帮到你，虽然你只要语法总结，但是我把词组总结也给你了，应该能用到\(^o^)/~
⑺ 初二下学期英语语法重点
一．定义
语态是动词的一种形式，它表示主语和谓语的关系。语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。如果主语是动作的执行者，或者是说动作是由主语完成的，要用主动语态；如果主语是动作的承受者，或者是说动作不是由主语而是由其他人完成的，则用被动语态。
■当不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者时，常用被动语态，这时往往不用by短语。
The front window in the classroom was broken yesterday. 昨天，教室的前窗被打破了。(不知谁打破的)
They have been poorly paid. 他们的工资太低。(没必要指出工资是谁付的)
■突出或强调动作的承受者，如果需要说出动作的执行者，用by短语。
The time-table has been changed. 时间表已变动了。(要突出的是“时间”)
These books are written especially for children. 这些书是专门为孩子们写的。(强调的是“”这些书)
■为了使语言得体或圆滑等不愿意说出动作的执行者。如：
You are requested to make a speech at next meeting. 请您在下次会议上作个发言。
It is said that she is going to be married to a foreigner. 据说她要嫁给一个外国人。
■出于修辞的原因，或是说为了更好地安排句子。如：
The notion is especially opposed to by those who have invested much in the area. 这个提议特别遭到了那些在本地区投资很大的人的反对。(因those的定语太长了，若用它作主语，主语与谓语就相距太远而显得句子松散。)
8种常用时态的被动语态
由“助动词be + 动词的过去分词”构成。助动词be 有时态、人称和数的变化。
(1) 一般现在时：am/is/are +过去分词。如：
Rice is grown in south China. 华南种植水稻。
(2) 一般过去时：was/were+过去分词。如：
The glass was broken yesterday. 这块玻璃是昨天打烂的。
(3) 现在进行时：am/is/are being +过去分词。如：
The project is being carried out. 这个计划正在执行中。
(4) 过去进行时：was/were/being +过去分词。如：
This road was being built this time last year. 这条路去年这个时候还在修建。
(5) 一般将来时：will be +过去分词。如：
The cars will be sent abroad by sea. 这些汽车将由水路运往国外。
(6) 过去将来时：would be +过去分词。如：
The manager said the project would be completed by the end of the year. 经理说这个工程在年底前将会完成。
(7) 现在完成时：have/has been +过去分词。如：
This novel has been translated into several languages. 这本小说已被译成了几种语言。
(8) 过去完在时：had been +过去分词。如：
When I got to the theatre, I found the tickets had already been sold out. 我到达剧院时，发现票已卖完了。 给分哦，
⑻ 谁能告诉我北京初二英语的语法重点是什么要资料！
视频课件你要不要，
⑼ 初二下英语重点知识点
人教版新目标8年级下英语语法重点
Unit 1 Will people have robots?
重点语法：一般将来时态的应用
重点短语：won't = will not
they'll = they will
she'll = she will
he'll = he will
I'll = I will
fall in love with(sb./sth.) 爱上（某人/某物）
be able to do sth. 能够做某事
come true 实现
in the future 未来
hundreds of 数以百计的
thousands of 数以千计的
look for(sb./sth.) 寻找（某人/某物）
will → would 情态动词 will 的原形和过去式
may → might 情态动词 may 的原形和过去式
Unit 2 What should I do?
重点语法：过去将来时态（将来时态的委婉说法）
重点短语：keep sb. out 不让某人进入
What's wrong? = What's the matter? = What's the problem? 怎么了？
out of style 不时髦的；过时的
call sb. up 给某人打电话
pay for sth. 为某事付款
part-time job 兼职工作
the same as = be same (to/with) 与……同样
in style 时髦的；流行的
get on [well] with sb. = get along [well] with sb. 与某人相处（好）
didn't = did not
couldn't = could not
as ... as possible 尽可能……(eg/ as soon as possible 尽快)
all kinds of 各种；许多
on the one hand 一方面
on the other hand 另一方面
ask sb. for sth. = ask sb. to do sth. 请求某人做某事
ask sb. not to do sth. 请求某人不要做某事
spend (money) on sth. = spend (money) [in] doing sth. 花钱做某事
sth. cost sb. (money) 某人花钱为了某事
take sb. sometime to do sth. 花某人时间做某事
find out 查明
find sb. doing sth. 发现某人做某事
be angry with sb. 生某人的气
be angry at sth. 生某事的气
the same age as = as old as 与某人年龄一样
have fight with sb. 与某人打架
learn to do sth. 学会做某事
not ... until ... 直到……才……
compare sth.(A) with sth.(B) 把某事(A)与某事(B)作比较
it's time for sth. = it's time to do sth. 到该做某事的时间了
maybe adv. 或许
may be （情态动词 + 动词原形）可能是
shall → should 情态动词 shall 的原形和过去式
pay → paid → paid 动词 pay 的原形、过去式和过去分词
Unit 3 What were you doing when the UFO arrived?
重点语法：过去进行时态
重点短语：get out 出去；离开
take off 起飞
run away 逃跑；跑掉
come in 进来
hear about = hear of 听说
take place 发生
as ... as 像……一样(eg/ as old as him 像他一样老)
anywhere = everywhere = here and there 任何地方
think about 考虑
think of 认为
get up = get out of the bed 起床
at the doctor's 在诊所
every day 每一天
everyday adj. 日常的
most adj. 大部分
the most 最多的
in space 在太空中
national hero 民族英雄
all over the world = in the world 全世界
Unit 4 He said I was hard-working.
重点语法：宾语从句
重点短语：direct speech 直接引语
reported speech = indirect speech 间接引语
first of all = at first 首先
pass on 传递
be supposed to do sth. 应该做某事
be good at = do well in 在某方面做得好
in good health 身体健康
get over 克服
open up 打开
care for = take care of = look after 照料；照顾
not any more = not any longer = no longer 不再
have a cold 感冒
end-of-year exam 年终考试
get nervous 变得紧张
forget to do sth. 忘记做某事（该事未做）
forget doing sth. 忘记做某事（该事已做）
it's + adj. + [for sb.] + to do sth. 做某事[对某人来说]……（加形容词）
context 上下文
Unit 5 If you go to the party, you'll have a great time!
重点语法：if 引导的条件状语从句
重点短语：take away 拿走
around the world = all over the world 在世界各地
make a living 谋生
all the time = always 一直
What's the problem? = What's the matter? = What's wrong? 怎么了？
in order to do sth. 为了做某事
make sb. do sth. 使得某人做某事（to 省略，该结构是一个不带 to 的不定式。）
make sb. adj. 使得某人……（加形容词）
make sb. done 使得某人被做
be famous for 为……而出名
be famous as 作为……而出名
in class 在课堂上
spend ...(time/money) on sth. = spend ...(time/money) in doing sth. 花……（时间/钱）用于做某事
see sb. do sth. 看见某人做某事（强调整个过程）
see sb. doing sth. 看见某人做某事（强调偶然性）
say → said → said 动词 say 的原形、过去式和过去分词
tell → told → told 动词 tell 的原形、过去式和过去分词
eat → ate → eaten 动词 eat 的原形、过去式和过去分词
speak → spoke → spoken 动词 speak 的原形、过去式和过去分词
Unit 6 How long have you been collecting shells?
重点语法：现在完成进行时态
Unit 7 Would you mind turning down the music?
重点语法：mind [one's] doing sth. 介意（某人）做某事
Unit 8 Why don't you get her a scarf?
重点语法：询问别人为什么要做或者不做某事
Unit 9 Have you ever been to an amusement?
重点语法：现在完成时态
Unit 10 It's a nice day, isn't it?
重点语法：反意疑问句
重点短语：look through 浏览
come along 出现；发生
get along 相处
at least 至少
at most 至多
a thank-you note 感谢信
forget → forgot → forgotten 动词 forget 的原形、过去式和过去分词
little → less → least 形容词 little 的原级、比较级和最高级
many/much → more → most 形容词 many/much 的原级、比较级和最高级
⑽ 初二下英语重点与语法
（现在完成时）
1.我们用一般过去时来谈论过去某个确切的时间发生的事情。
2.我们用现在完成版时来谈论过去权开始的且延续到现在的事情。
3.我们也用现在完成时来谈论过去发生的并和现在仍有关系的事情。
主语+have/has+过去分词
。。。。。。