⑴ 仁爱版八年级上册的教案!(说课稿最好)
仁爱版八年级英语上册教学参考教案,共216页
Unit 1 Playing Sports
一、教学目标
语言知识
语音
学习一般疑问句、选择疑问句和特殊疑问句的语音语调
Will you join us↗?
Which sport do you prefer, running ↗or walking↘?
How often does he go skating↘?
词
汇
内 容
课次
almost, every day, ring, cheer sb.on, of course, team, win, quite a bit/a lot, club, join
1A
famous, arrive in/at, play against, fan, leave for, the day after tomorrow
1B
baseball, twice, at least, hour, pretty well, be good at, take part in, high jump, long jump, popular, all over the world, be good for, heart, keep fit, healthy, relax oneself, themselves
1C
once, most
1D
fall ill, be glad to, really, Would you mind...? practice, start, far from, smoke, somewhere, make one’s bed
2A
careless, chance, shame, fight, do one’s best, believe, angry, serve, turn down, in a minute, at once, important, break
2B
Russia, enjoy, competition, invent, college, even, score, put, into, throw, follow the rules, century, more and more
2C
however, tired, active, fresh, instead of, coach, mile, build up, sick, feel, feeling, window, wind, homework
2D
foreign, email, address, form, fill out, reason, go on, maybe
3A
shall
3B
gold, grow up, brave, clever, among, grass, visitor, improve, environment
3C
ring, symbol, stand for, across, be fond of
3D
prefer, ski, bicycling, climbing
1A
p.m., lung,
1C
loudly, softly
2A
goal, better, quietly, clearly, apology
2B
traveling, tiring, court
2C
chips, easily
2D
host, the Olmpics, Roast Duck Shop
3A
the People’s Republic of China, medal, behave
3C
语
法
选择疑问句及其回答:
Which sport do you prefer, skating or skiing?
I prefer skating.
功
能
话
题
特殊疑问句及其回答:
What’s your favorite sport, Jane?
Basketball.
Who’s your favorite player?
Michael Jordan.
How long will you play tennis?
For half an hour.
How often does he go skating?
Once a week.
一般将来时:
Will you join us?
Yes, I will./No, I won’t.
I will join the skiing club.
Will you come and cheer us on?
Of couse I will.
The school sports meet will be on October 20.
How long will you play?
Two hours.
Beijing will host the 2008 Olympics.
It’s too bad that they won’t stay in Beijing for long.
They’re leaving for Japan the day after tomorrow.
There will be more roads.
宾语从句:
I hope our team will win.
I think I will sit in a quiet place in Beijing, watching what’s going on.
Michael, we believe you can do better next time!
Beijing will host the 2008 Olympic Games, but we still don’t know who will be the mascot.
They are sure that she will win.
I’m very sorry for what I said.
功
能
话
题
谈论体育活动、个人爱好及习惯行为:
Which sport do you prefer, skating or skiing?
I prefer skating.
Do you skate much?
Yes, quite a bit/ a lot./No,seldom.
She spends at least half an hour in the gym every day.
请求和建议:
Could you please do me a favor?
Sure. What is it?
Would you mind teaching me?
Not at all./Of course not.
Would you mind not smoking here?
Sorry.I’ll go somewhere else.
听
1.能听懂关于体育活动、个人爱好及习惯行为的对话或短文。
2.能听懂他人所提出的建议和意见。
3.能听懂关于奥运会的对话或短文。
说
1.能用英语谈论个人爱好及习惯行为。
2.能就他人所提出的建议和意见进行沟通。
3.能使用简单的英语谈论奥运会。
读
1.能读懂对话或短文,抓住主要信息。
2.能读懂体育活动、个人爱好等方面的课外辅导材料。
3.能读懂简短的奥运会方面的文章。
写
1.能写出体育活动、个人爱好及习惯行为内容的短文。
2.能用简单的句子描写奥运知识。
1.培养学生积极向上的人生态度。
2.培养学生积极参加英语实践活动的兴趣。
3.乐于接触并了解世界体育活动。
4.用不屈不挠的奥运精神磨练学生的意志,培养学生的爱国热情。
1.积极探索适合自己的英语学习方法,利用现实生活中的学习资源,培养任务型学习方法与技巧。
2.充分运用学习中使用英语的机会。
3.在日常学习中不断开阔自己的视野,扩大知识面。
语 言 技 能
情 感 态 度
学 习 策 略
文化意识
美国人的休闲和运动
国际性的竞技场上,体育的成就往往也是国力的象征之一。美国社会对体育非常重视和投入。体育设施随处可见,如健身房、游泳池、网球场、足球场,甚至高尔夫球场。美国体育活动的推广,其实与商业活动非常有关。许多大公司,诸如烟、酒、银行、石油公司,为塑造公司健康形象,不惜投下巨资赞助体育活动。美国的职业棒球、篮球和美式足球是电视曝光率最高的三项运动。而这三项职业运动并非一年到头都在比赛,而是有“季节性”。一般春、夏属于棒球季,秋天是足球季,冬天则是篮球的天下。此外,美国大学篮球及足球亦是荧光屏上的常客,所受到的“眷顾”不输于职业队。一般来说,不论是棒球、篮球或美式足球,美国各大城市至少拥有一支所属的职业队。这三类观赏性球赛采取的比赛方式大致相同,分为“季节赛”(regular season)和“季后赛”(postseason或playoffs)两阶段。季节赛中各队比赛场数相同,战绩优秀的球队在季节赛结束后继续参加淘汰制的季后赛。季后赛的优胜队伍则冠以“世界冠军”的头衔,次日在所属的城市举行盛大的庆祝游行,最后被邀请到白宫和总统合照,可谓风光之至。
篮球的起源
1891年12月初在美国马萨诸塞州斯普林菲尔德市基督教青年会国际训练学校(后为春田学院),该校体育教师詹姆斯·奈史密斯博士发明了篮球。当年的篮球规则只有13条。奈史密斯博士于1939年去世,终年78岁。他未曾料到,由他创建的篮球项目竟然在二百多个国家流传着,而且至今美国篮球还誉满全球。 为了纪念奈史密斯博士发明的篮球功绩,在春田学院校园内修建了美国篮球名人馆—詹姆斯·奈史密斯纪念馆。
NBA
联赛名称:美国职业篮球联赛, NBA是National Basketball Association的缩写(国家篮球协会),成立于1946年6月6日。联赛总部: 美国纽约第五大道645号 ( No.645 Fifth Ave.,New York, NY 10022),现有30支球队。
迈克尔.乔丹(Michael Jordan)
1984年NBA选秀大会第一轮被芝加哥公牛队选中,1991-1993年率公牛队完成NBA总冠军“三连冠”霸业。随后宣布退休,转而投身美国职业棒球联赛,加盟芝加哥白袜队。但篮球天才并非放之四海而皆准,棒球生涯受挫的乔丹于1995年3月19日重返NBA,之后1996-1998年又带领公牛队3次夺得NBA总冠军。1999年1月13日,乔丹宣布正式退役,他的23号球衣也在联合中心体育馆永久退役。
主要战绩: 6次获得NBA总冠军:(1990-1991, 1991-1992, 1992-1993, 1995-1996, 1996-1997 和1997-1998) 。
2次夺得奥运会冠军:1984年、1992年。
荣誉: 1985年获NBA年度最佳新人奖;6次当选NBA总决赛最有价值球员:(1991, 1992, 1993, 1996, 1997, 1998);5次当选NBA最有价值球员:(1988, 1991, 1992, 1996, 1998);3次当选NBA全明星赛最有价值球员:(1988, 1996, 1998)。
姚明
上海人, 1980年出生。
荣誉:
·1998年入选中国篮球明星队。
·1999年入选中国篮球南方明星队。
·1999年5月,获99赛季全国男篮甲A联赛最有进步球员奖。
·2000年2月,入选1999年亚洲全明星队。
·2000年3月,入选1999-2000年全国男篮甲A联赛全明星阵容。
·2000年3月,获1999-2000赛季全国男篮甲A联赛篮板、扣篮、盖帽三个单项奖。
·2003年2月,入选 NBA 全明星阵容。
现效力于美国休斯敦火箭队。
贝克汉姆(David Beckham)
英国足球队员,1975年出生。能够踢出世界上最好的右路传中球,任意球和角球也是世界超一流水准,长传球犹如巡航导弹一样精确。加上帅气的外表与冷酷的眼神,使他成为足球场上的“万人迷”。
现效力于西班牙皇家马德里队。
罗纳尔多(Ronaldo)
巴西足球队员,1976年出生。他是当之无愧的新一代球王。他体会过少年成名的荣耀,经历过状态低迷的彷徨;他承受了伤筋断骨的伤痛,感受了世人不信的炎凉。在2002年世界杯冠军赛中踢进两球,帮助桑巴舞王以2比0击败德国, 赢得创纪录的第五座世界杯冠军。
现效力于西班牙皇家马德里队。
齐达内(Zedane)
齐达内技术特点:脚法细腻、优美、准确,盘球技术干净利落,场上视野开阔,善于把握场上形势,传球巧妙而精确,射门方法多,门前冲击力强。
荣誉:
·1998年12月,被法国《足球》杂志评为98年度欧洲足球先生。
·1998年12月,当选由英国《世界足球》杂志评选出的世界足球先生。
·1999年1月,被法国《队报》评选为1998年世界最佳运动员。
·1999年2月1日,当选国际足联 1998年世界足球先生。
·1999年12月,入选99年欧洲全明星阵容。
·2000年欧锦赛冠军。
现效力于西班牙皇家马德里队。
奥林匹克运动会(the Olympic Games/the Olympics)
奥林匹克格言是:“更快、更高、更强”。它是国际奥委会对所有参与奥林匹克运动的人们的号召,号召他们本着奥林匹克的精神奋力向上。奥运会期间在主会场燃烧的火焰即是奥林匹克圣火,象征着光明、团结、友谊、和平、正义。奥林匹克旗,为白底无边,中央有五个相互套连的圆环(the five interlocking rings /the Olympic rings),环的颜色自左至右为蓝、黄、黑、绿、红。会旗和五个环的含义是:象征五大洲的团结以及全世界的运动员以公正、坦率的比赛和友好精神在奥运会上相聚一堂。
1949年以后,新中国的运动健儿先后参加了第15、23、24、25、26、 27、28届夏季奥运会,并取得了比较辉煌的成绩。第23届奥运会,许海峰为中国夺得了首枚金牌,实现我国奥运金牌“零”的突破。第23届洛杉矶奥林匹克运动会中国获金牌15枚; 第24届汉城奥林匹克运动会中国获金牌5枚; 第25届巴塞罗那奥林匹克运动会中国获金牌16枚; 第26届亚特兰大奥林匹克运动会中国获金牌16枚; 第27届悉尼奥林匹克运动会中国获金牌28枚;第28届雅典奥林匹克运动会中国获金牌32枚;第29届奥林匹克运动会将于2008年在中国北京举行。
二、 教材分析
本单元教学内容的三大部分分别为,第一部分“What’s your favorite sport?” , 通过谈论自己最喜欢的体育运动这个话题,学习描述和谈论一些体育运动项目,介绍自己最喜欢的体育明星,这个话题是学生们比较感兴趣的内容。语法方面复习一般现在时,引出新的语法项目: 一般将来时。第二部分“Would you mind saying sorry to Michael?”语言知识方面继续以体育为主线,主要介绍了篮球的起源,采访了一个篮球运动员,记述了一场篮球比赛后的情景。语法方面继续学习一般将来时;复习一般过去时;向他人提出请求和建议;责备他人。 第三部分“Beijing will host the 2008 Olympics.” 语言知识方面以奥林匹克运动会为主线,以北京将于2008年举办奥林匹克运动会为话题,介绍了奥林匹克运动会的五环旗,讨论了2008年北京奥运会将以什么作为吉祥物,以及我们应为奥运做些什么。语法方面继续学习一般将来时的否定句、特殊疑问句及其回答;一般将来时的宾语从句;一般将来时的There be句型。
Topic 1 What’s your favorite sport?
Section A 主要学习一般将来时,有一般将来时的肯定句、一般疑问句及其回答。由于是本单元的第一个Section ,要求不宜过高。2a是一个很好的练习模式,出现了一般将来时的一般疑问句及其回答,同时还有一般现在时和现在进行时句子的对照,要让学生分组活动,看图说话,进行大量的对话练习,让学生对英语的时态有一个清晰的认识。本话题还出现了选择疑问句,比较容易掌握,注意选择疑问句的发音,前升后降,回答不能使用Yes or No,要用陈述句。如:Which sport do you prefer, skating or skiing? I prefer skating. 1a中还出现了宾语从句,不是Section A的主要内容,让学生了解即可。
Section B在自主学习和分组活动中继续练习和掌握一般将来时和一般现在时句子。
Section C 主要内容是自己所喜欢的运动并说明原因,这是学生比较感兴趣的话题,教师应抓住机会,扩大学生的知识面,提高学生学习英语的积极性。语法方面有一般现在时和一般将来时,功能和话题紧密地结合在一起。
Section D 对前三个Section的复习,复习How long和 How often 表示的特殊疑问句,要让学生能够明确地区分出这两个疑问词的不同含义。
Topic 2 Would you mind saying sorry to Michael?
Section A 在语法方面继续学习一般将来时, 包括一般将来时的肯定句、一般疑问句、特殊疑问句及其回答。在功能用语方面引出了向他人提出请求和建议,这也是本话题的重点。老师要带领学生多做练习,让学生熟练应用,因为这一话题在我们生活中经常使用。
Section B 继续练习一般将来时和一般过去时,还出现了表示责备他人的句子:You shouldn’t speak to me like that.表示道歉和应答的方式是Section B 的重点,因为这一话题在我们日常生活中也经常使用。
Section C继续练习一般将来时和一般过去时。1a 谈论了篮球运动员Ming 的工作和生活,有机地把一般将来时和一般过去时的句子结合在一起使用。2a讲述了篮球的起源,对帮助同学们了解篮球方面的知识有很大的帮助。
Section D 是对前三个Section 的复习和总结。1a 复习了一般现在时和一般过去时,讲述了自己的锻炼经历,告诉我们应该怎样健康地学习、生活和锻炼,紧扣中心话题。
Topic 3 Beijing will host the 2008 Olympics.
Section A中1a主要讲述北京的一位出租车司机要加入一个英语俱乐部,以及要加入英语俱乐部的原因,引出本话题的中心:2008年北京奥运会,介绍北京的人文风貌,练习一般将来时。
Section B的主要内容在1a, Kangkang 和Michael约定去远足,两人讨论在何时何地见面,1b 和1c 继续就此话题展开练习。2a和2b 继续以练习一般将来时为主,把未来的天气和计划进行的活动结合在一起。
Section C复习一般过去时,学习一般将来时的得There be句型。Section C围绕奥林匹克运动会展开话题。1a 谈论我国参加奥运会的情况及获金牌情况。1c谈论2008年北京奥运会的吉祥物。2a1看图说话,以What will the 2008 Olympics bring us?为题,学习There will be ...句型。2a2看图说话,以What should we do for the Olympics?为话题复习向他人提建议。2b谈论我们应为奥运做些什么:What are you doing now for the 2008 Beijing Olympics? What will you do for the Beijing Olympics in 2008?
Section D 是对前三个Section的复习和总结。 1a学习奥运会五环旗及其含义。2a,2b总结本topic 的语法内容和有用的表达方式,总结一般将来时的宾语从句和一般将来时的There be句型。4是一首英语歌曲,歌曲内容紧扣本单元话题,激发我们奋发努力的上进心。5是本单元最后总结性的任务,对本单元的内容进行总结性的练习。
三、 教学建议
Topic 1 What’s your favorite sport?
Section A
重点活动是1a和2a。
教学目标:
1. 了解一般将来时。
2. 复习选择疑问句。
3. 谈论自己所喜欢的体育活动以及自己的打算。
教学过程:
第一步:复习
师生问答:谈论同学们的课余生活及个人爱好。
What do you usually do after school?
I usually...
Do you like playing basketball /tennis/ football...?
Yes, I do. / No, I don’t.
I’d like to play basketball. Will you join us?
引出下一步。
第二步:呈现
1. 老师使用第一幅图,图上画有学生正在打篮球。师生问答:
(板书出一个对话)
⑵ 仁爱英语八年级上册语法
Unit 1 Playing Sports
Topic 1 What’s your favorite sport?
重点语法
一般将来时:
(一)be going to 结构: ①表示主语进行某一将来行动的打算、意图。这种打算常经过预先考虑并含有自己做好某些准备的意思,因此通常认为用be going to表达的行动很可能会见诸实践。 如:I’m going to play basketball with my classmates this Sunday.
我打算本周日和同学们一起打篮球。
She is going to buy a sweater for her mother.
她打算为她妈妈买一件毛衣。
②表预测。指根据迹象推测,而且马上或很快就要发生。
如:Look at those clouds. It’s going to rain. 瞧那些乌云!快要下雨了!
(二) will + 动词原形:表示单纯的将来事实,常与表将来的时间状语如:tomorrow, soon, later, next time(week/month/year…)等连用。will not = won’t; 缩略形式为’ll.
表示作出立即的决定。这种意图并未经过事先的考虑或计划,是临时的一种决定。
如:a. ----Please put your things away, Tom. 汤姆,把你的东西收拾好。
----I’m sorry. I’ll do it right away. 对不起。我马上就去做。
b. ----Would you like coffee or tea? 您要咖啡还是茶?--I will have a cup of tea,please. 我要一杯茶。c. Don’t worry. I’ll help you. 别担心。我会帮你的。
表示预测。指说话人对于将来的看法、假设和推测。
如: I’m sure our team will win next time. 我确信下次我们队会赢。
Maybe she will go to the gym. 也许她会去体育馆。
表示许诺。如: I’ll do better next time. 下次我会做得更好的。
I’ll visit you tomorrow. 明天我会去看你的。
句式:肯定句:I/She/He/They will go to play baseball soon.
否定句:I/She/He/They won’t go to play baseball soon.
一般疑问句:Will you/she/he/they go to play baseball soon?
回答:Yes, I/she/he/they will. No, I/she /he/they won’t.
(三)动词plan, come, go, leave, fly等用现在进行时表示将要发生的事.
如: I’m coming. 我就来。
He is leaving for Shanghai. 他将到上海去。
We are going to Beijing. 我们将去北京。
5. There be 句型的一般将来时
正:There will be a sports meeting in our school this weekend.
= There is going to be a sports meeting in our school this weekend.
误:There will have a sports meeting in our school this weekend.
= There is going to have a sports meeting in our school this weekend.
四、重点语法
(一) 情态动词: must 与 have to
① must "必须;一定”, 表示有做某一动作的必要或义务,侧重表达说话者的主观看法.(只有一种时态)如:We must wash hands before meals. 饭前我们必须洗手.
We must eat healthy food. 我们必须吃健康的食物.
② have to “不得不,必须”, 侧重表示因客观条件或客观环境的迫使而"不得不做某事".(可用于各种时态)
如:It’s too late. I have to go now. 太迟了.现在我得走了.
I had to borrow some money at that time. 那时我不得不借了一些钱.
*----Must we keep the windows open all the time?---No, we don’t have to. / No, we needn’t. (注意回答时不能用No, we mustn’t.)
1)Are you free this evening? = Do you have time this evening? 你今天晚上有空吗?
三.语法学习
1.I used to listen to rock music but now I collect telephone cards and paintings. (Page 53)
我过去常听摇滚乐,可现在我集电话卡和画。
used to do sth. 这一结构表示过去的习惯(过去经常反复发生的动作)或状态(暗含的意思是现在已不复存在),只有一种形式,即过去式,用于所有人称。used to的否定形式为:used not to do或didn’t use to do。疑问句为Used you to... ? 或 Did you use to...?如:
1)I used to go to school on foot.
我过去步行上学。(暗含的意思是:我现在不再步行上学了。)
2)Mary used to sleep late.
玛莉过去总是很晚才睡觉。(暗含的意思是:玛莉现在睡觉不再那么晚了。)
3)I used to walk along the road after supper.
我过去常常在晚饭后沿着这条马路散步。
4)He used not to like Peking opera, but now he’s very fond of it.
他过去不喜欢京剧,但现在非常喜欢。
现在大多数人在口语中或不太正式的书面语中对否定句和疑问句常使用与do 连用的形式。例如:
1)I didn’t use to like skating, but now I like it very much.
我过去不喜欢滑冰,但现在很喜欢。
2)Did you use to go there?你以往常去哪儿?
3)There used to be a theatre here, didn’t there?以前这里有一座剧院,是不是?
另外,注意be used to doing sth.与used to do sth.的区别:
be used to doing sth “习惯于…,适应于…”如:
1)He is used to working hard. 他习惯于努力地工作。2)He used to bring me roses when he came to see me. 过去他来看我时,常带玫瑰花。
3)I’m used to doing jogging in the morning now. 我习惯于早上慢跑。
be used to do sth.“某物被用来做某事”。如:
1)Wood is used to make paper. 木材被用来生产纸张。
2)Computers can be used to do a lot of work now. 如今电脑可用来做许多事。
2. Collecting stamps must be great fun! (Page 53)集邮肯定很有趣!
must在这里是情态动词,作用是用来表示推测,可以翻译为“想必”。如:
1)Your brother must be in the school. I saw him just now.
你的哥哥想必在学校。我刚才看见他了。
2)Your friend must have left for Nanjing yesterday.
你的朋友想必昨天已经离开去南京了。
3) She thought that her present must be in the box.她以为礼物一定是在盒子里。
4) You must be thirsty after a long walk.走了很长的路,你一定渴了。
5) It must be ten o’clock now.现在肯定有10点钟了。情态动词must的三种否定形式
must表示“必须”时,其否定回答为don’t have to,意思为“不需要”。如:
1)Must I pay back the money right now? No, you don’t have to.
我必须现在偿还这笔钱吗?不,你不需要现在还。2)You must listen to the teacher carefully in class.你必须在课堂上认真听讲。
must表示“推测”时,其否定形式为can’t,意思为“不可能”。如:
1)I’ve seen what she is talking about, so she can’t be telling lies.我目睹了她所说的事情,因此,她不可能在说谎。
2)Yesterday I received a letter from him, so he can’t be here. 昨天我收到了他的信,所以说他不可能在这儿。而must not的意思为“绝对不可,不许,禁止”。如:1)You must not smoke in the hospital.你绝对不可以在医院里吸烟。
2)You must not cross the road when the traffic lights are red.交通灯是红色时,你千万不能过马路。3.He doesn’t mind whether they’re good or not. 他并不介意它们是否是好的。
此句为以whether引导的宾语从句。whether...or not“不论是否……”。如:
1)You have to get up early everyday whether it rains or not.你必须天天早点起床,不论是否下雨。2)Whether we go or not matters little.不论我们是否去,关系不大。
if与whether的区别。
二者在引导宾语从句时一般可换用。如:
1)I want to know if / whether it is going to rain tomorrow.我想知道明天是否下雨。
2) He asked me if / whether Li Ping was at home.他问我李平是否在家。3) He didn’t understand if / whether the stranger told a lie.他不明白那个陌生人是否说的是假话。
但下列几种情况不能换用。
whether 后可紧接or not,而if一般不能。
Let me know whether or not you can come.
你能来还是不能来,请告诉我一声。
whether引导的宾语从句可移到主句前,if则不能。如:Whether this is true or not, I can not say.这件事是否真实,我说不上。
不定式前用whether,不用if。如:I haven’t decided whether to go to the cinema or to stay at home.我还没有决定是看电影还是留在家里。
介词后可用whether,不用if。如:
I haven’t settled the question of whether I’ll go back home.我是否回家还没有定。
Topic2 I like pop music
三.语法学习
1. What a pity! (Page 61)真遗憾!
这是一个由what引导的感叹句。what引导感叹句的基本构成为:
what + a / an +(形容词)+可数名词单数!
what +(形容词)+可数名词复数/不可数名词!如:1)What a stupid question!多么愚蠢的问题啊!2)What lively boys they are! 多么活泼的男孩子们啊2. What are you going to do this Sunday evening?(Page61) 这一周日晚上你想干什么1)“be going to” 是一般将来时的一种表达方法.它表示:
i) 现在打算在最近或将来要做某事. 如: Tom is going to Beijing with his father next week.
ii) 说话人根据已有的迹象认为可能要发生某事. 如: There are a lot of dark clouds. It’s going to rain.
2) “be going to”句式的基本结构:
肯定句:主语+be going to … eg. He is going to stay at school.
否定句:主语+be + not +going to… eg. I’m not going to the library this afternoon.
一般疑问句: Be +主语+going to… eg. Are you going to play tennis next week?
3)be going to 用于there be 结构时要用There be going to be + 主语+其它形式.
如: There is going to be a football game tomorrow.
4)与be going to 连用的时间状语有: next week/month/year, tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, this evening, in the future等.
Topic3 The movie is so wonderful!
三.语法学习 I was doing some washing. I was doing some cleaning. (Page 69)
我在洗衣服。 我在打扫卫生。这句用的是过去进行时.
1. 过去进行时表示过去某一时刻正在进行或发生的动作,也表示过去一段时间内的活动或那个阶段正在进行的动作.如:
He were watching TV at 8:00 last night.
They were writing a book last month.
1. 过去进行时由be (was/were)+动词ing 形式构成的,肯定句:主语+was/were +doing +…
否定句: 主语+wasn’t/weren’t +doing +…
一般疑问句: Was/Were+主语+doing+…
肯定回答:Yes, 主语+was/were.
否定回答:No, 主语+wasn’t/weren’t.
如: They were studying English at this tine yesterday.They weren’t studying English at this time yesterday. Were they studying English at this time yesterday?
Yes, they were. / No, they weren’t.
11. Then decide how you are going to spend your weekend. (Page 74)
然后决定你的周末怎么过。
spend度过;花费(时间、金钱)。结构有:spend...on sth., spend...(in)doing sth. 如:
1)He spent 5 yuan on the post card. 他买这张明信片花了5元钱。
2)They spent three days looking for the lost sheep on the hill.
他们用了三天的时间在山上找丢失的羊。
12. Did you have a good time? (Page 76) 你们玩得高兴吗?
have a good time = enjoy oneself过得愉快;玩得高兴。类似的说法还有have a great time, have a nice time, have a wonderful time。
三.语法学习 I was doing some washing. I was doing some cleaning. (Page 69)
我在洗衣服。 我在打扫卫生。这句用的是过去进行时.
1. 过去进行时表示过去某一时刻正在进行或发生的动作,也表示过去一段时间内的活动或那个阶段正在进行的动作.如:
He were watching TV at 8:00 last night.
They were writing a book last month.
2. 过去进行时由be (was/were)+动词ing 形式构成的,肯定句:主语+was/were +doing +…
否定句: 主语+wasn’t/weren’t +doing +…
一般疑问句: Was/Were+主语+doing+…
肯定回答:Yes, 主语+was/were.
否定回答:No, 主语+wasn’t/weren’t.
如:They were studying English at this tine yesterday. They weren’t studying English at this time yesterday. Were they studying English at this time yesterday? Yes, they were. / No, they weren’t.
Unit 4 Our World
三.语法学习
(一.)现在进行时与过去进行时的区别:
1.现在进行时表示现在正在发生或正在做的事情,基本结构be+现在分词。如:
肯定句:The robots are making a car now. 这些机器人正在生产小汽车。
否定句:We are not studying on the Internet. 我们没有在互联网上学习。
疑问句:Is the teacher looking up the word in the dictionary?这个老师正在词典中查这个词吗?特殊疑问句:Who am I talking to?我在和谁谈话?
2.过去进行时表示过去某一时间,正在发生或正在做的事情。基本结构was(were)+现在分词。
肯定句:When he came in,I was writing a letter.当他进来时,我在写一封信。
否定句:They weren’t watching TV while she was reading.她读书时,他们没在看电视。
疑问句:Was the UFO flying to us at 8 last night ?昨晚8点UFO向我们飞来了吗?特殊疑问句:What were you drinking while we were sleeping?我们睡觉时,你们在喝什么?
进行时态往往用在时间状语从句中,常与when,while等连词搭配。
(二.)be sure结构表示肯定和不肯定。be sure一般用来表示肯定,be not sure(whether/if)表示不肯定。
be sure后面可以跟不定式和宾语从句。跟不定式一般译为“一定……”,跟宾语从句,译为“确信……”。如:We are sure to repair the TV well. 我们一定修好这台电视机。
I’m sure you can finish your work. 我确信你能完成你的工作。Are you sure whether(if)he switched the computer on? 你确信他打开还是没有打开电脑?
三. 语法学习
反意疑问句:由陈述句(或祈使句、感叹句)加一个简短问句构成的疑问句叫反意疑问
句。实质是前面陈述句的反问句。一般对应规律:前肯后否;前否后肯。即陈述部分为肯定形式,附加问句用否定形式;陈述部分为否定形式,附加问句用肯定形式。
如:There are many pyramids in Egypt,aren’t there?在埃及有许多金字塔,不是吗?Sally visited the Great Wall last month,didn’t she?萨莉上个月参观了长城,不是吗?He doesn’t realize the importance of saving water,does he?他没有意识到节约用水的重要性,是吗?
特例点拨:①I’m your good friend,aren’t I?我是你的好朋友,不是吗?I don’t think you can rebuild the house,can you?我认为你不能重修这座房子,是吗?(I don’t think…主要在说think后的内容,故按从句变化)。
②陈述部分有nobody,nothing,never,no,few(没几个),little(几乎没有),hardly(几乎不)等否定或半否定词时,仍视为否定句。根据反意疑问句对应规律,疑问部分用肯定形式。如:There is nothing in the room,is there?屋子里什么也没有,是吗?
Maria never surports me,does she? 玛丽亚从未支持过我,是吗?
He had few apples,did he? 他几乎没有苹果,是吗?
③祈使句的反意疑问句:无论肯定或否定,通常在祈使句后加上will you?如:
Please close the door,will you?请关门好吗?
Don’t tear down the old walls,will you?不要拆毁古墙,好吗?
但以Let’s开头的祈使句用shall we?如:
let’s make a survey,shall we?我们做个调查,好吗?
⑶ 八年上册仁爱英语语法
leave for离开。。。去。。。
⑷ 八年级上册英语语法要仁爱版的
Unit 1 Sports and GamesTopic 1 Are you going to play basketball?核心词汇:cheer, team, win, join, club, dream, grow, future, against, leave, shame, baseball, hour, pretty, popular, heart, healthy, relax常用词组:cheer sb. on, quite a bit/a lot, grow up, in the future, arrive in/at, play against, leave for, the day after tomorrow, take part in, pretty well, high jump, long jump, all over the world交际用语:1. Would you like to come and cheer us on?2. Which sport do you prefer, skating or skiing?3. Do you skate much? Yes, quite a bit/a lot./No, seldom.4. What a shame!语法精粹:一般将来时(Ⅰ)Are you going to play basketball? Yes, I am./No, I am not.It’s too bad that they aren’t going to stay in Beijing for long.There is going to be a school sports meet next month.What are you going to do tomorrow morning? I’m going to play soccer. Topic 2 Would you mind teaching me?核心词汇:ill, mind, practice, smoke, somewhere, careless, chance, fight, angry, serve, ready, important, competition, invent, college, even, score, basket, throw, follow, over, century, however, tired, active, mile, fresh, instead, build, become, coach, feeling常用词组:fall ill, be glad to, say sorry to, be angry with sb., turn down/up, be important to sb., more and more, instead of, build up, have fun doing sth.交际用语:1. – Michael, could you please do me a favor? – Sure. What is it?2. – Will you join us? – I’d like be glad to.3. – Will you join us? – I’d be glad to.4. – Would you mind teaching me? – Not at all. You can do it! Let’s go and practice.语法精粹:一般将来时(Ⅱ)I’ll tell them.I’ll be there soon.I’ll go somewhere else.I’ll play it more quietly. Topic 3 Beijing will host the 2008 Olympics.核心词汇:taxi, foreign, e-mail, address, from, fill, reason, maybe, perhaps, coffee, shall, pick, gold, winner, visitor, improve, environment, ourselves, modern, fast, ring, symbol常用词组:fill out, Roast Duck Restaurant, make friends with sb., make it, the People’s Republic of China, take part in, stand for, at least, be fond of交际用语:1. – Hi, can I help you? – Yes, please. I want to join the Ren’ai English Club.2. – Hello, is that…? – Speaking.3. What will the weather be like this weekend?4. What will Beijing be like in 2008?语法精粹:一般将来时态(Ⅲ)Beijing will host the 2008 Olympics.I think I’ll be free on Sunday.Why won’t Michael go to plant trees this Saturday?What will Beijing be like in 2008? Unit 2 Keeping Healthy Topic 1 How are you feeling today?核心词汇:toothache, dentist, cough, fever, flu, headache, lift, pale, terrible, medicine, brush, tooth, Internet, X-ray, serious, sick, ice cream, plenty常用词组:have a cold, go to see a doctor, take a rest, have a fever, at night, had better (do), take some medicine, day and night, lie down, look after, check over, not…until交际用语:1. – What’s wrong with you? – I have a fever/a toothache/a sore throat/the flu.2. You look pale.3.– How are you feeling today? – I feel terrible/better.4. I’m sorry to hear that.语法精粹:表建议的情态动词You should go to see a doctor.Michael shouldn’t move his leg too much.You’d better go to see a doctor.You’d better not go to school today. Topic 2 I must ask him to give up smoking.核心词汇:health, tonight, without, article, cause, cancer, litter, habit, energy, necessary, enough, disease, body, illness, empty, stomach, human, through, sour, tidy, sweep, than, wealth, choose, sandwich, watermelon, sausage, tomato, beef, cabbage, strawberry常用词组:stay up late, be good/bad for, do morning exercises, relax sb. give up, throw about, keep sb. active, get a headache, get into, keep…clean/fresh, more than, too little/too much food交际用语:1. What’s up/wrong?2. Is going to bed early good or bad for your health? It’s good.3. You must not take pets to school with you.4. You may get a headache when you work too hard.语法精粹:1. 选择疑问句Is going to bed early good for or bad for your health?2. 情态动词can, may, must, shouldI must ask him to give up smoking. Topic 3 What should we do to fight SARS?核心词汇:hurry, spread, among, agree, examine, patient, care, brave, wife, talk, ty, save, myself, hate, herself, itself, themselves, yourselves常用词组:hurry up, go ahead, do one’s best, all the time, keep away, examine the patient, get through, have a message take care of, take an active part in, care for, teach oneself, enjoy oneself, take some Chinese medicine, be afraid of交际用语:1. May I ask you some questions, Dr. Li? Sure, go ahead.2. Please tell my father to take care of himself.3. He cared for the patents day and night.4. Must we keep the windows open all the time? No, we don’t have to/needn’t.5. Extension 6226, please.语法精粹:1. 表示“必要”的情态动词have to, must/must not2.反身代词myself, yourself, himself Unit 3 Our Hobbies Topic 1 I love collecting stamps.核心词汇:collect, hobby, VCD, share, pop, pond, nobody, paint, such, friendship, knowledge, whether, lovely, ugly, stupid常用词组:collecting stamps, used to do sth., photos of famous stars, prfer/love/enjoy doing sth., be interested in, walk a pet dog, go fishing, do some outdoor activities, watch a movie, know little about ring summer vacations, keep pets, such as, daily work交际用语:1. Collecting stamps must be great fun!2. I am interested in playing basketball.3. What things do you love collecting?语法精粹:used to do sth. 的用法I used to collect stamps. I didn’t use to play soccer.Did you use to go swimming? Yes, I did./ No, I didn’t.Where did you use to go swimming? Topic 2 It sounds great!核心词汇:pity, lend, pay, simple, member, continue, birth, weight, height, banana常用词组:go to the concert, take English lessons, play the violin/the drums/the piano, in one’s free/spare time, pop music, folk music, classical music, one of the most famous rock bands, set up, be famous for交际用语:1. What kind of music do you like? It’s hard to say.2. Do you like classical music? No, I don’t like it at all.3. It’s not my favorite, but I don’t mind it.语法精粹:Exclamation(感叹句)It sounds great!What sweet music!How exciting! Topic 3 What were you doing this time yesterday?核心词汇:pleasant, handsome, boring, sad, laugh, church, factory, dish常用词组:this time yesterday, take a shower, answer the phone, do some washing, agree with sb., nothing serious, listen to the radio, make faces, too…to交际用语:1. I called you but nobody answered the phone.2. Hold the line, please.3. I think so./I don’t agree with you.4. Don’t do that again, Bill.语法精粹:过去进行时(Ⅰ)I was doing some cleaning this time yesterday.Were you playing on the computer? Yes, I was./No, I wasn’t.What were you doing this time yesterday? Unit 4 Our World Topic 1 We share the world with plants and animals.核心词汇:sky, nature, cow, sheep, goose, joy, rose, snake, fox, feed, cover, earth, surface, meter, forest, control, wood, rubber, protect, fact, lake, ocean, drop, bear, wolf常用词组:think about, in the countryside, be important to, share…with, feed on, thousands and thousands of, in fact, make up, save every drop of water交际用语:1. The dogs are the bravest animal on the farm.2. Why do you think so? Because animals are our friends. They give us joy.3. As we know, plants and animal are important to us.4. We share the world with them.语法精粹:形容词的比较级和最高级用法。 Topic 2 I am sure there are no UFOs.核心词汇:robot, scientist, appear, situation, repair, machine, mend, lazy, toward, planet, balloon, seem, real, list, order常用词组:take the place of, instead of, in danger, mistake...for…, seem to, call for, wake sb. up, in alphabetical order, pay attention to, begin with, and so on, plug in交际用语:1. Could you tell me something about robots? Of course.2. What can robots do for us?3. Robots can take the place of humans to do hard and boring work in some work situations.4. I’m sure there are no UFOs.5. Are you sure you plugged it in? Yes, I’m sure./No, I’m not sure.语法精粹:1. 过去进行时(Ⅱ)2. weather, if引导的宾语从句1. be sure 句型Last night, while Jim was sleeping, he saw a UFO flying over his head.I’m not sure whether if robots will make humans lose their jobs.I’m sure robots will make humans lose their jobs. Topic 3 The builders used live models, didn’t they?核心词汇:remain, government, modern, wonder, live, treasure, underground, palace, king, ancient, stone, weigh, ton regard常用词组:pull down, be worn out, be mad up of, join…together, regard…as交际用语:1. What happened?2. People pulled lots of them down in the 1960s.3. I see. It’s really too bad.4. It took about 100000 people over 20 years to build it.5. How long wide high…? It’s …语法精粹:反意疑问句There are many old city walls in Beijing, aren’t there? No, there aren’t.You visited Emperor Qin’s Terra Cotta Warriors last week, didn’t you? Yes, I did.The builders used live models, didn’t they? Yes, they did.