⑴ 八年级上册英语词组,语法,以及句子拜托了各位 谢谢
) 表示动作中状态的词叫做动词。 2) 根据其在句中的功能,动词可分为四类,分别是:实义动词(Notional Verb)、系动词(Link Verb)、助动词(Auxiliary Verb)、情态动词(Modal Verb)。 说明:有些情况下,有些动词是兼类词,例如: We are having a meeting. 我们正在开会。 (having是实义动词。) He has gone to New York. 他已去纽约。 (has是助动词。) 3) 动词根据其后是否带有宾语,可分为两类,分别是:及物动词(Transitive Verb)、不及物动词(Intransitive Verb),缩写形式分别为vt. 和vi.。 ** 英语动词是句子的核心。它既决定着句子意思的表达同时又决定着句子的语法结构。难怪有人说,英语是动词和介词的语言。可见研究动词的用法在英语学习中是十分重要的。 (一、) 分清及物不及物: 分清动词的及物不及物是在英语学习中必须解决的首要问题。动词及物与不及物通常有以下几种情况: a.主要用作及物动词。及物动词后面必须跟宾语。可以用于:"主+谓+宾";"主+谓+双宾";"主+谓+宾+宾补"结构。如: He reached paris the day before yesterday. Please hand me the book over there. They asked me to go fishing with them. 类似的还有:buy, catch, invent, found, like, observe, offer, prevent, promise, raise, find, forget, receive, regard, see, say, seat, supply, select, suppose, show, make, take, tell.... b.主要用作不及物的动词。不及物动词后面不跟宾语。只能用与:"主+谓"结构。 This is the room where I once lived. 类似的还有:agree, go, work, listen, look, come, die, belong, fall, exist, rise, arrive, sit, sail, hurry, fail, succeed.... c.既可以用作及物又可以用作不及物的动词,其意义不变。如begin 都是作"开始"讲。everybody , our game begins. let us begin our game. 类似的还有:start, answer, sing, close, consider, insist, read, learn, prepare, pay, hurt, improve.... d.既可以用作及物又可以用作不及物的动词,其意义完全不同。 这类动词作不及物动词是一个意义;而作及物动词时却是另一个意义。如lift作不及物动词时是指烟雾的"消散"。we saw the mountain when the clouds lifted. 作及物动词时是"升高;举起"。 He lifted his glass and drank. 类似的还有:beat vi.跳动 vt. 敲、打; grow vi.生长 vt. 种植 play vi.玩耍 vt. 打(牌、球),演奏 smell vi.发出(气味) vt. 嗅 ring vi.(电话、铃)响vt.打电话 speak vi.讲话 vt. 说(语言) hang vi. 悬挂 vt. 绞死 operate vi.动手术 vt. 操作 (二、) 辨别表动作与表结果的动词 表动作的动词强调动作的发生,不涉及该动词的结果。如: He looked at the picture. He saw a picture . 前一句中的动词强调"看"这一动作;而后一句中的动词表示"看到"这一结果。类似的还有:tear at; tear, look for; find, try to do sth.; manage to do sth., prepare for; be prepared for, advise; persuade 等。 (三、) 记住瞬间动词 英语中不少动词所表示的动作在瞬间就可以完成.如: He arrived in paris yesterday. 而另一些动词所表示的动作则可以延续.如: They worked until 12 o'clock last night. 特别是在现在完成时态的句子中,瞬间动词的完成时态不能跟表示一段时间的时间状语连用。瞬间动词有:arrive, borrow, buy, close, fall, finish, go, join, kill, hit, leave, lend, die, marry, open, reach, return, start, stop, recognize....等。 (四、) 掌握好表状态的连系动词与表变化的连系动词 英语中的连系动词主要分为两大类: a.表状态的连系动词。如:he is a good worker. 除了be 而外,还有:stand(位于),lie(位于),stay, have, consist of, belong to, exist, weigh, own....等。 b.另一类连系动词表示动作或变化,是由行为动词转化而来的。一般在这些连系动词后跟形容词作表语如:his hair grows grey. 这类连系动词还有: turn, become, taste, smell, sound, look, feel, get...等。 (五、) 注意词义相近,用法不同的动词 a.表主观与客观的动词 I received his invitation last night, but i didn't want to accept it. 该句中,动词receive, accept 都表示"接受"但前者表示客观地接收到什么东西;后者表示 "I" 的主观意愿。类似用法的动词还有:listen to; hear, look at; see, must; have to等。 b.表直接与间接的动词 He heard that the scientist would come to our school. He heard of the news that the scientist would come to our school. 前句中hear的表示直接听说的,而后一句中hear of 的表示间接听说的。类似用法的动词还有:know; know of, speak; speak of, talk; talk of等。 (六、) 重视多字动词的用法 所谓多字动词是指动词与某些副词、介词构成的动词词组。一般有四种形式: a."动词+介词"结构。 该结构中的动词是不及物动词,当和一些介词搭配后,则把它看成一个整体,即把它看成一个及物动词。如: We never thought of such success when we first started. 类似用法的还有:agree to, ask for, attention to, break into, call upon, deal with, laugh at, dream of, listen to, look at, operate on, talk about, rely on, refer to... b."动词+副词"结构。该结构中的动词是及物动词的,该结构及物;是不及物的,则不及物。如: We put off the sports meet. After he grew up, he went to london to work for a company. 类似用法的还有: bring about, bring up, call up, carry out, find out, give up, hand in, help out, look up, make out, pass on, point out, put away, put down, put away, put down, put off, put on, ring up, set up, take up, think over, turn down, use up, work out..., wake up, shut up, come about, break out, carry on, come up, fall over, get away, get back, look out, go up, go out, stay up.... 在这类结构中,必须注意有的多字动词即及物又可不及物。有的甚至汉语意义也完全不相同。如: He looked up and saw his teacher in front of him. (vi. 抬起头看) He looked up the word in the dictionary. (vt. 查找) 类似的有break down vi.(车等)坏了 vt. 分解,分为 ; go over vi. 走过去 vt. 复习,仔细查看等。 c."动词+副词+介词"结构。如: We should do away with that sort of thing. 类似的有:give in to, catch up with, look down upon, make up for, put up with.... d."动词+名词+介词"结构。该结构是最多,最常见的多字动词。如: We will take care of them. 类似的有:catch sight of, keep an eye on, make use of, make a fool of, make fun of, make room for, make sure of, knock out of, have a word with, pay attention to, put an end to, set fire to, take advantage of, take hold of, take note of, take notice of, take part in, take pride in, take possession of, play a trick on, play a part in.... **** 说明:同一动词有时可用作及物动词,有时可用作不及物动词。例如: She can dance and sing. 她能唱歌又能跳舞。(sing在此用作不及物动词。) She can sing many English songs. 她能唱好多首英文歌曲。(sing用作及物动词。) 4) 根据是否受主语的人称和数的限制,可分两类,分别是:限定动词(Finite Verb)、非限定动词(Non-finite Verb)例如: She sings very well. 她唱得很好。(sing受主语she的限制,故用第三人称单数形式sings。) She wants to learn English well. 她想学好英语。(to learn不受主语she的限制,没有词形变化,是非限定动词。 说明:英语中共有三种非限定动词,分别是:动词不定式(Infinitive)、动名词(Gerund)、分词(Participle)。
⑵ 初二下英语词组和语法
1)下列动词come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return的一般现在时可以表示将来,主要用来表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情。例如:
The train leaves at six tomorrow morning. 火车明天上午六点开。
When does the bus star? It stars in ten minutes. 汽车什么时候开?十分钟后。
2)以here, there等开始的倒装句,表示动作正在进行。例如:
Here comes the bus. = The bus is coming. 车来了。
There goes the bell. = The bell is ringing. 铃响了。
3)在时间或条件句中。例如:
When Bill comes (不是will come), ask him to wait for me. 比尔来后,让他等我。
I'll write to you as soon as I arrive there. 我到了那里,就写信给你。
4)在动词hope, take care that, make sure that等的宾语从句中。例如:
I hope they have a nice time next week. 我希望他们下星期玩得开心。
Make sure that the windows are closed before you leave the room. 离开房间前,务必把窗户关了。
11.8 用现在进行时表示将来
下列动词come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return等现在进行时可以表示将来。例如:
I'm leaving tomorrow. 明天我要走了。
Are you staying here till next week? 你会在这儿呆到下周吗?
11.9 现在完成时
现在完成时用来表示之前已发生或完成的动作或状态,其结果的影响现在还存在;也可表示持续到现在的动作或状态。其构成:have(has) +过去分词。
11.10 比较一般过去时与现在完成时
1)一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情,强调动作;现在完成时为过去发生的,强调过去的事情对现在的影响,强调的是影响。
2)一般过去时常与具体的时间状语连用,而现在完成时通常与模糊的时间状语连用,或无时间状语。
一般过去时的时间状语:yesterday, last week,…ago, in1980, in October, just
now等,皆为具体的时间状语。
现在完成时的时间状语:for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till/until, up to now, in past years, always等,皆不确定的时间状语。
共同的时间状语:this morning, tonight, this April, now, already, recently, lately 等。
3)现在完成时可表示持续到现在的动作或状态,动词一般是延续性的,如live, teach, learn, work, study, know.。
一般过去时常用的非持续性动词有come, go, leave, start, die, finish, become, get married等。例如:
I saw this film yesterday. (强调看的动作发生过了)
I have seen this film. (强调对现在的影响,电影的内容已经知道了)
Why did you get up so early? (强调起床的动作已发生过了)
Who hasn't handed in his paper? (强调有卷子未交,疑为不公平竞争)
He has been in the League for three years. (在团内的状态可延续)
He has been a League member for three years. (是团员的状态可持续)
句子中如有过去时的时间副词(如yesterday, last, week, in 1960)时,不能使用现在完成时,要用过去时。
(错)Tom has written a letter to his parents last night.
(对)Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night.
11.11 用于现在完成时的句型
1)It is the first / second time.... that…结构中的从句部分,用现在完成时。例如:
It is the first time that I have visited the city. 这是我第一次访问这城市。
This is the first time (that) I've heard him sing. 这是我第一次听他唱歌。
注意:It was the third time that the boy had been late.
2)This is +形容词最高级+that…结构,that 从句要用现在完成时。例如:
This is the best film that I've (ever) seen. 这是我看过的最好的电影。
典型例题
(1) ---Do you know our town at all? ---No, this is the first time I ___ here.
A. was B. have been C. came D. am coming
答案B. This is the first time 后面所加从句应为现在完成时,故选B。
(2) ---Have you ____ been to our town before? ---No, it's the first time I ___ here.
A. even, come B. even, have come C. ever, come D. ever, have come
答案D. ever意为曾经或无论何时,反意词为never,此两词常用于完成时。
注意:非延续性动词的否定形式可以与表示延续时间的状语连用。即动作不发生的状态是可以持续的。
(错)I have received his letter for a month.
(对)I haven't received his letter for almost a month.
11.12 比较since和for
Since 用来说明动作起始时间,for用来说明动作延续时间长度。例如:
I have lived here for more than twenty years.我住在这儿二十多年了。
I have lived here since I was born. 我从出生起就住在这儿了。
注意:并非有for 作为时间状语的句子都用现在完成时。
I worked here for more than twenty years. (我现在已不在这里工作。)
I have worked here for many years.(现在我仍在这里工作。)
注意:用句型转换的方法,很容易排除非延续动词在有for/since结构的完成时中的误用。
1)(对) Tom has studied Russian for three years. = Tom began to study Russian three years ago, and is still studying it now.
2)(错) Harry has got married for six years. = Harry began to get married six years ago, and is still getting married now.
显然,第二句不对,它应改为 Harry got married six years ago. 或 Harry has been married for six years.
11.13 since的四种用法
1) since +过去一个时间点(如具体的年、月、日期、钟点、1980, last month, half past
six)。例如:
I have been here since 1989. 1989起,我一直在这儿。
2) since +一段时间+ ago。例如:
I have been here since five months ago. 我在这儿,已经有五个月了。
3) since +从句。例如:
Great changes have taken place since you left. 你走后,变化可大了。
Great changes have taken place since we were here. 我们走后,变化可大了。
4) It is +一段时间+ since从句。例如:
It is two years since I became a postgraate student. 我考上研究生有两年了。
11.14 延续动词与瞬间动词
1) 用于完成时的区别
延续动词表示经验、经历; 瞬间动词表示行为的结果,不能与表示段的时间状语连用。例如:
He has completed the work. 他已完成了那项工作。 (表结果)
I've known him since then. 我从那时起就认识他了。(表经历)
2) 用于till / until从句的差异
延续动词用于肯定句,表示"做……直到……" 瞬间动词用于否定句,表示"到……,才……"。例如:
He didn't come back until ten o'clock. 他到10 点才回来。
He slept until ten o'clock. 他一直睡到10点。
典型例题
1. You don't need to describe her. I ___ her several times.
A. had met B. have met C. met D. meet
答案B. 首先本题后句强调对现在的影响,我知道她的模样,你不用描述。再次,several
times告知为反复发生的动作,因此用现在完成时。
2. ---I'm sorry to keep you waiting.
---Oh, not at all. I ___here only a few minutes.
A. have been B. had been C. was D. will be
答案A. 等待的动作由过去开始,持续到现在,应用现在完成时。
11.15 过去完成时
1) 概念:表示过去的过去
----|----------|--------|----> 其构成是had +过去分词构成。 那时以前 那时 现在
2) 用法
a. 在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词后的宾语从句。例如:
She said (that)she had never been to Paris. 她告诉我她曾去过巴黎。
b. 状语从句
在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中,发生在先,用过去完成时;发生在后,用一般过去时。例如:
When the police arrived, the thieves had run away. 警察到达时,小偷们早就跑了。
c. 表示意向的动词,如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等,用过去完成时表示"原本…,未能…"。例如:
We had hoped that you would come, but you didn't. 那时我们希望你能来,但是你没有来。
3) 过去完成时的时间状语before, by, until , when, after, once, as soon
as。例如:
He said that he had learned some English before. 他说过他以前学过一些英语。
By the time he was twelve, Edison had began to make a living by himself. 到了十二岁那年,爱迪生开始自己谋生。
Tom was disappointed that most of the guests had left when he arrived at the party.
汤姆失望了,因为他到达晚会时,大部分客人已经走了。
典型例题
The students ___ busily when Miss Brown went to get a book she ___ in the office.
A. had written, left B,were writing, has left C. had written, had left D. were writing, had left
答案D.
"把书忘在办公室"发生在"去取书"这一过去的动作之前,因此"忘了书"这一动作发生在过去的过去,用过去完成时。句中when表示的是时间的一点,表示在"同学们正忙于……"这一背景下,when所引导的动作发生。因此前一句应用过去进行时。
注意: had hardly… when 还没等…… 就……。例如:
I had hardly opened the door when I he hit me. 我刚打开门,他就打了我。
had no sooner…than 刚…… 就……。例如:
He had no sooner bought the car than he sold it. 他刚买了这辆车,转眼又卖了。
11.16 用一般过去时代替过去完成时
1) 两个动作如按顺序发生,又不强调先后,或用then,and,but 等连词时,多用一般过去时。例如:
When she saw the mouse,she screamed. 她看到老鼠,就叫了起来。
My aunt gave me a hat and I lost it. 姑妈给了我一顶帽子,我把它丢了。
2 ) 两个动作相继发生,可用一般过去时;如第一个动作需要若干时间完成,用过去完成时。例如:
When I heard the news, I was very excited.
3) 叙述历史事实,可不用过去完成时,而只用一般过去时。例如:
Our teacher told us that Columbus discovered America in 1492.
11.17 将来完成时
1) 构成will have done
2) 概念
a. 状态完成:表示某事继续到将来某一时为止一直有的状态。例如:
They will have been married for 20 years by then. 到那时他们结婚将有二十年了。
b. 动作完成:表示将来某一时或另一个将来的动作之前,已经完成的动作或获得的经验。例如:
You will have reached Shanghai by this time tomorrow. 明天此时,你已经到达上海了。
11.18 现在进行时
现在进行时的基本用法:
a. 表示现在(指说话人说话时)正在发生的事情。例如: We are waiting for you. 我们正在等你。
b. 习惯进行:表示长期的或重复性的动作,说话时动作未必正在进行。例如:
Mr. Green is writing another novel. 他在写另一部小说。(说话时并未在写,只处于写作的状态。)
c. 表示渐变,这样的动词有:get, grow, become, turn, run, go, begin等。例如:
The leaves are turning red. 叶子在变红。
It's getting warmer and warmer. 天越来越热了。
d. 与always, constantly, forever 等词连用,表示反复发生的动作或持续存在的状态,往往带有说话人的主观色彩。例如:
You are always changing your mind. 你老是改变主意。
典型例题
My dictionary ___, I have looked for it everywhere but still___ it.
A. has lost, don't find B. is missing, don't find C. has lost, haven't found D. is missing, haven't found.
答案D. 前句是一个仍在持续的状态,应用进行时,由于没有找到,其影响仍然存在,应用完成时,瞬间动词用于否定式时可用于完成时。
11.19 不用进行时的动词
1)表示事实状态的动词,如have, belong, possess, cost, owe, exist, include,
contain, matter, weigh, measure, continue等。例如:I have two brothers. 我有两兄弟。
This house belongs to my sister. 这房子是我姐的。
2)表示心理状态的动词,如know, realize, think see, believe, suppose, imagine, agree, recognize, remember, want, need, forget, prefer, mean, understand, love, hate等。例如:I need your help. 我需要你的帮助。
He loves her very much. 他爱她很深。
3)瞬间动词,如accept, receive, complete, finish, give, allow, decide, refuse等。例如:
I accept your advice. 我接受你的劝告。
4)系动词,如seem, remain, lie, see, hear, smell, feel, taste, get, become, turn等。例如:
You seem a little tired. 你看上去有点累。
11.20 过去进行时
1)概念:表示过去某时正在进行的状态或动作。
2)过去进行时的主要用法是描述一件事发生的背景;一个长动作延续的时候,另一个短动作发生。
3) 常用的时间状语有this morning, the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, when, while等。例如:
My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself. 我兄弟骑车时摔了下来,受了伤。
It was raining when they left the station. 他们离开车站时,正下着雨。
When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun was shining. 我到达山顶时,阳光灿烂。
典型例题
1) Mary ___ a dress when she cut her finger.
A. made B. is making C. was making D. makes
答案C.
割伤手指是已发生的事情,应用过去时。同时,when表时间的同时性,"玛丽在做衣服时"提供事情发生的背景,因此用过去进行时。
2) As she ___ the newspaper, Granny ___ asleep.
A. read;was falling B. was reading; fell C. was reading; was falling D. read;fell
答案B.句中的as = when, while,意为"当……之时"。描述一件事发生的背景时,用过去进行;一个长动作发生的时候,另一个短动作发生。句意为 "在她看报纸时,奶奶睡着了。"句中的 fell(fall的过去时),是系动词,后跟形容词,如:fall sick.
⑶ 人教版八年级英语语法和词组 全面的
Unit 1
1. how often 多久一次
2. hardly ever 几乎不
3. as for 至于
4. junk food 垃圾食品
5. a lot of 许多
6. of course 当然
7. look after 照顾
8. do exercise 锻炼
9. make a difference 有区别\有重要性
10. surf the Internet 浏览因特网
11. Animal World 动物世界
12. do homework 做家庭作业
13. a healthy lifestyle 健康生活方式
14. get good grades 获得好成绩
15. get up 起床easye.2000y.net
16. keep in good health 保持健康
17. once or twice a week 每周一两次
18. eating habits 饮食习惯
19. ten to eleven times 十到十一次
20. pretty healthy 相当健康
21. go to the movie 去看电影
22. watch TV 看电视
23. read books 看书
24. the result for“watch TV”看电视调查结果
25. be good for 对……有益
26. want sb. to do sth. 想让某人做某事
27. try to do sth. 试着做某事
28. how many hours 多少小时
Unit 2
1. have a cold 患感冒
2. a few 有些
3. at the moment 此时/现在
4. have a stomachache 肚子疼
5. have a sore throat 嗓子疼
6. have a fever 发烧
7. lie down 躺下
8. see a dentist 看牙医
9. have a headache 头疼
10. have a toothache 牙疼
11. hot tea with honey 热茶加蜂蜜
12. stressed out 紧张
13. go to bed early 早睡觉
14. listen to music 听音乐
15. go to party 参加音乐会
16. on the other hand 在另一方面
17. stay healthy 保持健康
18. have a sore back 背疼
19. traditional Chinese doctors 传统中医
20. a balance of yin and yang 阴阳平衡
21. too much 太多
22. a balanced diet 饮食平衡
23. go out at night 在晚上出去
24. feel well 感觉舒服
25. conversation practice 对话练习
26. host family 房东
27. give sb a fever 导致某人发烧
Unit 3
1. at home 在家
2. how long 多久
3. get back 回来
4. think about 思考
5. decide on 决定\选定
6. theGreat Wall 长城
7. go fishing 去钓鱼
8. take a vacation 去度假
9. something different 不同的东西
10. go camping 去野营
11. go hiking 徒步行
12. show sb. sth. 给某人看某物
13. have a good time 玩得愉快
14. go bike riding 骑自行车行
15. go sightseeing 去观光
16. go fishing 去钓鱼
17. rent videos 租录像带
18. take walks 去散步
19. vacation plans 假期计划
20. plan to do sth. 计划去做某事
21. make a movie 拍一部电影
22. go swimming 去钓鱼
23. go shopping 去购物
Unit 4
1. get to school 到校
2. ride a bike 骑自行车
3. take the subway 乘地铁
4. take the train 乘火车
5. take a bus 乘公共气车 / by bus
6. take a taxi 乘出租车
7. walk to school 走到学校
8. how far 多远easye.2000y.net
9. bus station 公共气车站\bus stop
10. have a quick breakfast 匆匆吃过早饭
11. leave for 前往
12. the early bus 早班
13. the bus ride 公共气车之行
14. at about six-thirty 在大约六点半
15. around the world 全世界
16. North America 在北美
17. means of transportation 交通方式
18. a number of / the number of
19. on weekends 在周末
20. be ill in the hospital 生病住院
21. a map in Chinese 中文地图
22. speak Chinese 讲汉语
23. thank you so much 这样感谢你
24. don't worry 不要担心
Unit 5
1. 来参加我的晚会 come to my party
2. 在周六下午 on Saturday afternoon
3. 上钢琴课 have a piano lesson
4. 去看医生 go to the doctor
5. 太多家庭作业 too much homework
6. 谢谢邀请 Thanks for asking.
7. 玩得高兴 have fun
8. 去商业街 go to the mall
9. 棒球比赛 baseball game
10. 后天 the day after tomorrow
11. 为考试而学习 study for a test
12. 多谢邀请 Thanks a lot for the invitation.
13. 在度假期 be on vacation
14. 保持安静 keep quiet
15. 打网球 play tennis
16. 足球比赛 football match
17. 文化俱乐部 culture club
18. 整天 the whole day
19. 过来 come over to
20. 去看牙医 go to the dentist
21. 来加入我们。 Come and join us.
22. 我愿意。 I'd love to.
23. 下一次 another time
24. 临时照看他的妹妹 babysit his sister
Unit 6
1. 在某些方面 in some ways
2. 看起来一样 look the same
3. 看起来不同 look different
4. 喜欢参加晚会 enjoy going to the parties
5. 多于;超过 more than
6. 共用;共有 in common
7. 同……一样…… as … as …
8. 擅长; 在…方面做得好 be good at
9. 与……一样 the same as
10. 使我大笑 make me laugh
11. 大多数 most of
12. 与……不同 be different from
13. 相反的观点 opposite views
14. 善待孩子们 be good with children
15. 喜欢讲笑话 enjoy telling jokes
16. 招聘老师 teacher wanted
17. 停止讲话 stop talking
18. 呆在家 stay at home
Review of units 1--6
1. 以……开始 begin with
2. 游泳池 swimming pool
3. 一起;总共 all together
Unit 7easye.2000y.net
1. 打开 turn on
2. 切碎 cut up
3. 把……倒进…… pour … into
4. 剥去香蕉皮 peel the bananas
5. 多少 how many / much
6. 一匙…… one teaspoon of
7. 做水果沙拉 make fruit salad
8. 放进 put in
9. 一杯 a cup of
10. 混合在一起 mix up
11. 一片面包 a slice of bread
12. 把……放在……上 put … on …
13. 把……加到……上 add … to …
14. 在顶部 on the top
15. 一个……的食谱 a recipe for
Unit 8
1. 郊游 school trip
2. 去水族馆 go to the aquarium
3. 闲逛 hang out
4. 照相 take photos
5. 其余什么 what else
6. 得到他的亲笔签名 get his autograph
7. 旅游者中心 the Visitors' Center
8. 在那之后 after that
9. 户外水池 the Outdoor Pool
10. 礼品店 the Gift Shop
11. 在一天结束时 at the end of the day
12. 乘地铁 take the subway
13. 睡懒觉 sleep late
14. 开车兜风 go for a drive
15. 上课 take a class
16. 在我的下一个休息日on my next day off
17. 一个繁忙的休息日 a busy day off
18. 整天 all dayeasye.2000y.net
19. 看录像 watch videos
20. 玩电脑游戏 play computer games
21. 把……拿出来 put … out
22. 在院子里 in the yard
23. 举行一次庭院出售 have a yard sale
24. 有点无聊 kind of boring
25. 没有一个人 no one
26. 据我看来 in my opinion
27. 很快见到你 See you soon.
28. 将来 in the future
29. 从……回来 come back from
30. 与……在一起 be with sb.
Unit 9
1. 国际体育明星 international stars
2. 打破纪录 break the record
3. 太……以致于不能…… too … to …
4. 打高尔夫球 play golf
5. 一位了不起的中国乒乓球运动员 a great Chinese ping-pong player
6. 世界纪录名册 Book of world records
7. 世界打嗝/打喷嚏纪录 hiccupping / sneezing world record
8. 在这样的一小时内 in such an hour
9. 由于 because of
10. 出生 be born
11. 成为一个明星 become a movie star
12. 学会骑自行车 learn to ride a bicycle
13. 一个著名的小提琴家/钢琴家 a famous violinist / pianist
14. 开始滑冰start ice skating
15. 一位善良而慈爱的奶奶 a kind and loving grandmother
16. 成为一位滑冰冠军 become a skating champion
17. 在美国巡回演出 tour the U.S.
18. 学手风琴 learn the accordion
19. 参加 take part ineasye.2000y.net
20. 在国际肖邦钢琴大赛上 in the Chopin International Piano Competition
21. 获一等奖 win the first prize
22. 健在 be alive
23. 上清华大学 go to Tsinghua University
24. 主修;主研 major in
25. 女子单打选手 a women's singles player
Unit 10
1. 程序师 a computer programmer
2. 学习计算机科学 study computer science
3. 专业演员 a professional actor
4. 上表演课 take acting lessons
5. 练篮球 practice basketball
6. 长大 grow upeasye.2000y.net
7. 搬到有意思的地方 move somewhere interesting
8. 听看来像 sound like
9. 时装表演 fashion shows
10. 时尚杂志的记者 a reporter for a fashion magazine
11. 找份兼职工作 get a part-time job
12. 同时 at the same time
13. 举行艺术展 hold art exhibitions
14. 取得好成绩 get good grades
15. 上吉它课 take guitar lessons
16. 学习外语 learn a foreign language
17. 加大锻炼量 get a lot of exercise
18. 保持健康 keep fiteasye.2000y.net
19. 周游世界 travel all over the world
20. 寄到…… send … to
21. 新年决定 New Year's Resolutions
22. 与……交流 communicate with
Unit 11
1. 洗碗 do the dishes
2. 扫地 sweep the floor
3. 倒垃圾 take out the trash
4. 铺床 make the / one's bed
5. 折叠衣服 fold one's clothes
6. 打扫起居室 clean the living room
7. 让某人搭便车 give sb a ride
8. 开会 have a meeting
9. 忙于做某事 work on sth.
10. 做家务 do chores
11. 洗车 wash the car
12. 呆在外边 be outside
13. 向某人借某物 borrow sth from sb.
14. 洗衣服 do the laundry
15. 邀请某人去某地 invite sb to somewhere
16. 去商店 go to the store
17. 买饮料和零食 buy drinks and snacks
18. 带某人做某事 take sb. for sth.
19. 忘记做某事 forget to do sth.
20. 搬新家 move to a new house
21. 从事 work oneasye.2000y.net
22. 向某人寻求帮助 ask sb. for help
23. 厌恶做某事 hate to do/doing sth.
24. 照顾 take care of
25. 生气 get angryeasye.2000y.net
26. 英语课外作业 English project
27. 去渡假 go on vacation
28. 需要一些帮助 need some help
29. 饲养狗 feed dogs
30. 做早餐 make breakfast
31. 做鬼脸 make a face
32. 在……的帮助下 with the help of
Unit 12
1. 舒适的座位 comfortable seats
2. 大屏幕 big screens
3. 友好的服务 friendly service
4. 离家近 close to home
5. 在城里有趣的地方 in a fun part of town
6. 最好的电影院 the best movie theatre
7. 服装店 a clothing store
8. 电台 a radio station
9. 质量好的衣服 good quality clothes
10. 相当差 pretty bad
11. 最有趣的人 the funniest person
12. 质量最差 the worst quality
13. 最佳表演者 the best performer
14. 才艺展示 talent show
15. 做……调查 do a survey of
16. ……的价格 the price of
17. 削价 cut one's price
18. 在中国的北部 in the north of China
19. 冰雪节 Ice and Snow Festival
20. 海南省 Hainan Province
21. 特价屋 Bargain House
⑷ 初二全部英语短语 语法用法
. For the last ~ years, I have beenand still am a / an ~。
⑸ 初二下英语语法和重要词组
宾语
宾语表示动作行为的对象,跟在及物动词之后,能作宾语的有名词,代词,数词,动词不定式等。 WelikeEng'lish.我们喜欢英语。
有些及物动词可以带两个宾语,往往一个指人,一个指物,指人的叫间接宾语,指物的叫直接宾语。 Hegavemesom'eink.他给了我一点墨水。
有些及物动词的宾语后面还需要有一个补足语,意思才完整,宾语和它的补足语构成复合宾语。如: Wemakehimourmon'itor.我们选他当班长。
状语
修饰动词,形容词,副词以及全句的句子成分,叫做状语。用作状语的通常是副词,介词短语,不定式和从句等。状语一般放在被修饰的词之后或放在句尾。副词作状语时可放在被修饰的词前或句首。
HelivesinLon'don.他住在伦敦。
补语
用来说明宾语或主语所处的状态或正在进行的动作,因为英语中有些动词加宾语后意思仍然不完整,如:make(使...),ask(请)等等。如果我们说:我们使我们的祖国。这不是一句完整的话。应该说:我们使我们的祖国更美丽。这是的“美丽的(beautiful)”为形容词做补语,说明祖国的状态。英语句子为:We will make our country more beautiful.作补语的词或词组为:形容词,副词,名词,不定式,ing形式,数词等
主语
主语表示句子主要说明的人或事物,一般由名词,代词,数词,不定式等充当。 He likes watching TV.他喜欢看电视。
谓语
谓语说明主语的动作,状态或特征。 一般可分为两类:
1),简单谓语 由动词(或短语动词)构成。 可以有不同的时态,语态和语气。 We study for the people.我们为人民学习。
2),复合谓语:情态动词+不定式 I can speak a little English.我可以说一点英语
⑹ 八年级上册英语重点 语法 知识点 词组 越详细越好
希望做某事hope to do sth. 决定做某事decide to do sth
同意做某事agree to do sth. 需要某人做某事need to do sth.
使用某物做某事use sth to do sth
准备做某事get/be ready to do 计划做某事plan to do sth. 希望某人做某事wish sb. to do sth.
轮流做某事take one’s turns to do sth. 拒绝做某事refuse to do sth.
告诉某人做某事tell sb. to do sth. 请某人做某事ask sb. to do sth.
想要某人做某事want /would like sb. to do sth. 不得不have to do
同意某人做某事agree sb. to do sth. 教某人做某事teach sb. to do sth.
喜欢/想要某人做某事 like sb. to do sth. encourage sb to do鼓励某人做
帮助某人做某事help sb. to do sth/help sb.do
It’s one’s turn to do sth. 轮到某人做某事 例:It your turn to clean the blackboard.
It’s time(for sb.) to do sth.是某人做某事时候了 例:It’s time for me to go home.
It’s +adj. for/of sb. to do sth. 对于某人来说做某事是……
例: It is easy for me to learn it well. It is very kind/foolish/nice of you to do so.
It takes sb. sometime to do sth. 某人做某事花了某时间
例句: 1.It takes me an hour to get to school by bike. 2.It took me an hour to watch TV last night. 3.It will tak
too+adj./adv. to do sth. 太…..而不能 例: He was to angry to say a word.
find/think/feel it +adj. to do sth.发现/认为/感到做某事是… I find/think/feel it hard to learn English well.
序数词+to do 第…..个做某事 例句:Who is the first to get there?
我不知/忘记了怎么办。I didn't know/forgot what to do.
离开房间时不要忘记/记住关灯
例句:Don’t forget/Remember to turn off the lights when you left the room
be+adj+to do sth 例句:I am very sorry to hear that. I am ready to help others. I am happy / pleased / glad to meet you.
顺口溜:本领最多不定式,主表定补宾和状;样样成分都能干,只有谓语它不敢;大家千万要小心,有时它把句型改;作主语时用it,自己在后把身藏;七个感官三使役,宾补要把to甩开;疑问词后接上它,宾语从句可充当;逻辑主语不定式,不定式前加for sb.;to前not是否定,各种用法区别开。
e her two weeks to finish the work.
以下是不带to的动词不定式(即动词原形)的常见用法
am let sb. do sth让某人做某事 make do sth使得某人做某事
hear do sth do sth听见某人做某事 see do sth do sth看见某人做某事
why not/why don’t you +动原?为什么不.?Why not/Why don’t you take a walk?
某人+had better( not)do 某人最好(不)做某事
情态动词can/may /must /should+ 动词原(包括情态动词的否定形式+动词原形)
助动词do/does/did/will/would在构成疑问句或者构成否定句即don’t /doesn’t /didn’t /will not /would not+ 动词原形
be going to + 动词原形(表示“即将”“打算” 做某事)
使用-ing分词的几种情况
1.在进行时态中。He is watching TV. They were dancing at nine o'clock last night.
2.在there be结构中。如:There is a boy swimming in the river.
3.在have fun/problems结构
4.在介词后面。如:Thanks for helping me. Are you good at playing basketball?
What /How about doing sth? 做某事怎么样? I interested in playing football.
5.在以下结构中 1. enjoy doing sth 喜欢做某事;
2. finish doing sth; 完成做某事; 3.feel like doing sth 想要做某事;
4. stop doing sth 停止做某事(原来的事) 5.forget doing sth 忘记做过某事
6. go on doing sth 继续做某事(原来的事);7.remember doing sth 记得做过某事
8. like doing sth 喜欢做某事; 9.find /see/hear/watch sb doing发现/看到/听到/观看某人做
10. try doing sth 试图做某事; 11. need doing sth 需要做某事;
12. prefer doing sth 宁愿做某事; 13.mind doing sth 介意做某事;
14. miss doing sth 错过做某事; 15.practice doing sth 练习做某事;
16. be busy doing sth 忙于做某事;17.can't help doing sth 禁不住做某事;
中。如:We have fun learning English this term.
They had problems g
18.waste time/money doing 浪费时间/钱做; 19.keep sb.doing 让…始终/一直做…
20. stop sb.(from)doing 阻止某人做某事
21. prefer doing A to doing B=like A better than B喜欢做B更喜欢做A
22. “do some +doing”短语 如:do some shopping/do some washing/do some reading/do some practicing/do some cleaning/do some speaking
23.“go doing”短语去做某事(主要指文娱活动等)如:go shopping/go fishing/go swimming/go hiking/go skating/go camping/go skiing(滑雪/go boating /
etting to the top of the mountain.
⑺ 初二下英语语法总结与词组
(一)词和句子成分
一个完整的句子,就是关于一个事情的叙述,也就是一个动作。既然是动作,就有以下几个因素:
1.动作的主体。比如“我打你”,这时动作的发出者称为主语,对象称为宾语。这个动作称为
谓语。还可以只有发出者,比如“我游泳”。
2.动作发生的状态,包括地点、时间、方式,称为状语,这里的“时间”是那种客观的时间,比
如,你早上看书,in the morning,“早上”是固定的时间。
3.还有一个更重要的时间,关于你的时间。比如,同样在早上in the morning这个固定的时间,
你可以“正在看一本书”,也可以“已经看过了那本书”,也可以“将要看一本书”,
或者更复杂一些,“将要看完那本书”,等等。这时这个动作有了一种和固定的时间的关系。
这就是时态的概念。时态是初中语法的核心概念。
能够做主语和宾语的是物和人,称为名词
代词(我你他,我们你们他们,这个那个这些,什么谁谁的)
能够做谓语的是动作,称为动词,后面有对象、跟宾语的称为及物动词(涉及到物)
后面不跟宾语的称为不及物动词(不涉及物)
修饰名词的是形容词
修饰动词的是副词
一个简单句由 主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语 I like you.我喜欢你。
主语+谓语(不及物动词) I sing. 我唱歌。
但还有一种类似汉语的“脸变红了”,可以理解为主语+不及物动词+形容词(动词的结果),
这样的动词只有几个,是考点之一:look 看上去 He looks tall.他看上去很高。
feel 感觉 He feels good.他感觉良好。
turn become get变为 Her face turns red.脸变红了。
seem 看起来 smell 闻着 sound 听上去
例如,His room smells bad.他的屋子很难闻。
The story sounds good.故事听起来不错。
这种动词有个名字,叫系动词。都是改变和感觉的词。
几个完整的句子可以用连词联结起来,但是,而且,所以...
He is tall,but he doesn't like basketball.
他高,但是不喜欢篮球。(两个完整的句子)
⑻ 八年级全部英语短语及语法总结 记住一定要全部、而且要全、有重赏
不够的话写下邮箱我发给你,记得评最佳答案啊。。。新目标八年级英语下全册短语归纳
Unit 1 Will people have robots?
1. in the future 在将来
2. live to (be) … years old 活到……岁
3. in 100 years 一百年后
4. free time 空闲时间
5. talk about 谈论,谈及,谈到
6. high school 高中
7. computer programmer 电脑程序员
8. space station 太空站
9. fall in love with… 爱上……
10. go skating 去滑冰
11. be able to 能,会
12. on vacation 度假
13. the World Cup 世界杯
14. keep a pet pig 饲养一头宠物猪
15. job interview 工作面试
16. fly to 飞往
17. come true 实现,成为现实
18. see sb. do sth. 看见某人做了某事
19. one’s own … 某人自己的……
20. science fiction movies 科幻影片
21. help (sb.) with sth. 帮助(某人)做某事
22. hundreds of 数百,成百上千的
23. the same as 和……相同
24. wake up 醒来;唤醒
25. talk to/with 和……交谈
26. try to do sth. 试图做某事,尽力做某事
27. get bored 变得厌倦
28. over and over (again) 一次又一次,再三地
Unit 2 What should I do?
1. keep out 不准进,阻止进入
2. argue with sb. 和……争吵
argue about sth. 为……争吵
3. out of style 过时的,不时髦的
in style 流行的,时髦的
4. call sb up=ring sb.up=call/ring/phone sb. 给…..打电话
5. give sb. sth. = give sth. to sb.给某人某物
(bring, lend, pass, sell, send, show, take, write, read等与give一样)
6. a ticket to a ball game 一张球赛的门票
(与ticket类似的名词有:answer, key, visit, trip, journey, entrance, exit等)
7. on the phone 在电话中,用电话
8. pay for 付……的款
9. a part-time job 一份兼职工作
10. borrow …from 从……借( 进)……
11. lend…to 把……借(出去)给……
12. ask sb. for sth. 向……要……
13. bake sale 面包或糕饼售买活动
14. Teen Talk 青少年论坛
15. buy sb. sth. = buy sth for sb买……给……
(类似的动词还有:build, book, cook, get, keep, make, order,find等)
16. the same……as 和……一样的……
17. tell sb (not) to do sth. 告诉某人(不要)做某事
18. want sb. to do sth.= would like sb. to do sth.想某人做某事
19. find out 发现;查明;核实
20. do sth. wrong 做错某事
21. invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事
22. be angry with 生……的气
23. fail the test 考试不及格
24. get on well/badly with 和……相处得好(差)
25. have a fight with sb.=fight with sb 与某人打架
26. fit… in/into… 抽空去做某事
27. not…until 直到……才……
28. as… as possible 尽可能……
29. complain about 抱怨,埋怨
30. take part in = join in 参加(某种活动/集会)
31. all kinds of 各种各样的
32. compare…with… 拿……和……比较
33. on the one hand 一方面
34. on the other hand另一方面
35. by oneself = on one’s own 某人自己,独自地
Unit 3 What were you doing when the UFO arrived?
1. in front of 在……(范围之外)的前面
in the front of 在……(范围之内)的前面
2. barber shop 理发店
3. get out of 到……外,离开
4. walk down/along 沿……走
5. call the police 报警
6. take off (飞机)起飞;脱(衣帽)
7. an unusual experience 一次不寻常的经历
8. the Museum of Flight 航空博物馆
9. take photos 照相
10. a police officer 警官
11. run away跑开,逃跑
12. walk around 四处走走
13. think about 考虑,思考,回想
14. Beijing Iternational Airport 北京国际机场
15. at the doctor’s 在医务室,在诊所
16. in (the) hospital 在医院,在住院
17. in history在历史上
18. the city of ……城,……市
19. hear about/of 听说,得知
20. ask sb. (not) to do sth. 叫某人(不要)做某事
21. in silence沉默不语
22. take place发生
23. the World Trade Center 世贸中心(美国)
24. in space 在太空
25. a national hero 民族英雄
26. all over the world = around the world 全世界
Unit 4 He said I was hard-working
1. soap opera 泡沫剧,电视(连续)剧
2. on Friday night 在星期五晚上
3. be mad at 生……的气
4. have a surprise party 举行一个惊喜晚会
5. not… anmore 不再,再也不
not… any more
no more
not… any longer
no longer
6. Young Lives 《年轻的生命》
7. direct speech 直接引语
reported speech 间接引语
8. first of all 首先
9. do a homework project 设计作业计划
10. pass on 传递
11. work on 从事,设计,演算,操作
12. be supposed to do sth.被期望(要求)做……,应该做……
13. be good at 擅长……
14. do well in 在……方面表现得好
15. report card 成绩单
16. have a (bad) cold 患(重)感冒
17. in good health 身体健康
18. end-of-year exams = final exams 期末考试
19. have a big fight 大吵了一架
20. in/at school 在学校,上学
21. forget to do sth. 忘记要做某事
forget doing sth. 忘记做了某事
22. get over克服,恢复,原谅
23. a poor mountain village 一个贫穷的山村
24. sound like 听起来像
25. the Peking University 北京大学
26. the Ministry of Ecation 教育部
27. the Chinese Young Pioneers 中国少年先锋队
28. China’s rural areas 中国的偏远地区
29. sea level 海平面
30. the thin air 稀薄的空气
31. agree with sb./sth. 同意, 与……相符(一致)
agree on/about sth. 同意,赞成
32. both…and………和……都
33. most of… 大多数……,大部分……
34. open up 打开,展开,开发,揭露
35. a good start 一个良好的开端
36. care for照料,照顾,计较,关心
37. in danger 处于危险之中
Unit 5 If you go to the party,you’ll have a great time!
1. have a great/good/nice/wonderful time 玩得高兴
=have fun = enjoy oneself
2. at the party 在晚会上
3. end of year party 年终晚会
4. take …away拿走,取走
5. all the time=always一直,始终,总是
6. ID card 身份证
7. the old people’s home 老年之家
8. make money 赚钱
9. round the world = all over the world 全世界,世界各地
10. go to college上大学
11. work hard 努力工作(学习)
12. a professional athlete 职业运动员
13. a dream job 理想的职业
14. make a living谋生
15. play sports 进行体育运动
= get/do exercise
16. get injured 受伤
17. in fact事实上,实际上
18. mobile phone 移动电话
19. too much 太多
20. laugh at嘲笑,因……而发笑
Review of Units 1-5
1. watch out = be careful = look out = take care 小心,当心,注意
2. turn down (音量)放小,(光线)调暗
turn up (音量)放大,(光线)调亮
turn on 打开(开关、按钮)
turn off 关(开关、按钮)
3. would like to do sth. 想要做某事
= feel like doing sth. = want to do sth.
4. the dinning room 餐厅
5. make friends (with) (和……)交朋友
6. see sb. doing sth. 看见某人在做某事
see sb. do sth. 看见某人做了某事
7. make predictions 做预测
8. hope to do sth. 希望做某事
= wish to do sth.
9. in order to 为了
Unit 6 How long have you been collecting shells?
1. how long 多长,多久
2. a skating marathon 滑冰马拉松
3. a pair of 一双,一副,一把,一条
4. raise money (for charity) (为慈善机构)募捐,筹钱
5. the whole five hours 整整五个小时
6. three and a half years 三年半
= three years and a half
7. thanks for 因……而表示感谢
8. run out of 用完,用尽
9. by the way 顺便说一下,顺便问一下
10. in Russian style 以俄罗斯的风格
11. fly kites 放风筝
12. a talent show 才艺表演
13. finish doing sth. 结束做某事
14. be interested in 对…感兴趣
15. Chinese dynasty 中国的王朝
16. famous characters 著名人物
17. think of 考虑,想起
18. in Russian style 俄罗斯的风格
19. tell sb. about sth. 把……的情况告诉某人
20. enjoy doing sth. 喜爱做某事
21. the Olympic Games 奥运会
= the Olympics
22. far away 在远处
Unit 7 Would you mind turning down the music ?
1. turn down (音量)放小,(光线)调暗
turn up (音量)放大,(光线)调亮
turn on 打开(开关、按钮)
turn off 关(开关、按钮)
2. not at all 一点也不
3. right away = in a minute 立刻,马上
4. do/wash the dishes 洗碗
5. put on 穿上(动作)
6. help sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事
7. make posters 制作海报
8. have a long telephone conversation 煲电话粥
9. wait in line 排队
10. cut in line 插队
11. follow sb. around 跟在某人周围
12. get mad = get annoy = get angry 生气,感到恼火
13. try (not) to do sth. 尽力(不去)做某事
14. seem like 看上去像……
15. even if/though 尽管、即使
16. take care = be careful 小心
17. in public places 在公众场合
18. in public 公开地,当众地
19. break the rule 不遵守规则
20. put out 熄灭
21. pick up 捡起、拾起
Unit 8 Why don’t you get her a scarf?
1. photo album 相册
2. leave school 毕业离校
3. take care of = look after 照顾,照看
4. too… to… 太……而不能……
5. these days 目前,现在
6. a pot-bellied pig 大肚猪
7. not … at all 根本不,一点也不
8. fall asleep 入睡
9. give away 分发,赠送
10. pay for 付……的款
11. rather than 而不是
12. in different ways 以不同的方式
13. as … as 与……一样……
14. native speakers 说本族语的人
15. encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事
16. make progress 取得进步
17. the Olympic Committee 奥委会
18. have fun with sth. 做某事有乐趣
= have fun doing sth.
19. hear of 听说
20. take an interest in = be interested in 对……感兴趣
21. make friends with 和……交朋友
Unit 9 Have you ever been to an amusement park?
1. have been to 到过某处
2. an amusement park 游乐园
3. a water park 水上公园
4. a roller coaster 过山车
5. see sb. doing sth. 看见某人正在做某事
see sb. do sth. 看见某人做了某事
6. walk around 四处走动
7. take a ride 兜风
8. on board 在船上
9. take different routes 走不同的路线
10. end up 结束
11. argue with sb. 与某人争吵
12. an English-speaking country 说英语的国家
13. an exchange student 交换生
14. a flight attendant 一名机组乘务员
15. a tour guide 导游
16. such as 例如
17. listening skills 听力技能
18. in Southeast Asia 在东南亚
19. take a holiday 度假
20. three quarters 四分之三
21. have problems (in) doing sth. 做某事很费劲
22. ring the daytime = in the day 在白天
23. all year round 全年,一年到头
24. wake up 醒来,唤醒,叫醒
Unit 10 It’s a nice day, isn’t it?
1. small talk 闲聊
2. look through 浏览,快速查看
3. a thank-you note 一封感谢信
4. be friendly to sb. 对某人友好
5. feel like (doing) sth. 想要(做)……
6. have a hard/difficult time doing sth 费了很大的劲做某事
7. come along 到达,出现,跟着来,赶快
8. get along/ on 相处
at least 至少