Ⅰ 英语语法中动词不定式和动名词有什么区别
意思没多大的区别,都是“眼见为实”的意思
从语法上来讲:
To
see
is
to
believe.是不定式做主语及不定式做表语
Seeing
is
believing.是动名词的用法。动名词作主语和表语。
Ⅱ 英语动词不定式和动名词
1, so as to get
2, so that
3, in order to
4, so that, could
5, so as not to (in order not to)
6, so as not to ( in order not to)
Ⅲ 动词不定式和动名词的用法和区别。
动词不定式
一、 基本形式
a.不定式的基本形式是“小品词to﹢动词原形” 即to﹢v. ;但有时也可省去to, 即:(to) ﹢v. 。
b.分词有两种基本形式:现在分词(the present participle)和过去分词(the past participle)。
①现在分词的基本形式是动词的—ing形式,如,writing, doing ,working ,going, etc.
②过去分词的基本形式是:a) 规则动词﹢ed, 即v.-ed, 如,visit→visited ,ask→asked ,dig→digged ,etc; b) 不规则动词有其自身的过去式和过去分词,学生需要用心熟记,方能正确使用。如,go→went→gone; do→did→done, etc .
c. 动名词的基本形式与现在分词的基本形式相同,都是动词的—ing 形式,如,doing ,writing ,doing ,etc .
二、 时态、语态及其基本用法
A. 不定式
1.不定式的时态、语态有三种形式:①一般式,如,to write / to be written ;②进行式,如,to be writing / to have been writing;③完成式,如,to have written / to have been written 。
2.基本用法
①不定式的一般式,表示的动作与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生,有时也发生在谓语动词表示的动作之后。如:
He seems to know this.(=It seems that he knows this.)
I hope to see you again.(=I hope that I’ll see you again.)
He doesn’t like to be laughed at. (=He doesn’t like that he is being laughed at.)
②不定式的进行式,表示不定式的动作正在进行,与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生。如:
When the mother went into the room, the boy pretended to be sleeping. (=… , the boy pretended that he was sleeping .)
I heard the English song being sung by him. (=I heard that the English song was being sung by him.)
③.不定式的完成式,表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前。如:
I am sorry to have kept you waiting so long. (= I am sorry that I kept you waiting so long. )
Having been well written, the book was translated into many languages. (=Because it had been well written, …)
B. 动名词
1.动名词的时态、语态有两种形式:①一般式,如,writing / being written ; ②完成式,如,having written / having been written 。
2.基本用法
①动名词的一般式不表示动作正在进行,但作具有状语性质的宾语时,动名词一般式表示的动作与谓语动词的动作同时发生。如:
The teacher is busy collecting the students’ exam papers.
②动名词的完成式在作具有状语性质的宾语时,表示的动作在谓语动词的动作之前已发生。如:
He was praised by the teacher for having done the work wonderfully.
He felt so sorry for not having been given the chance to work in the company.
Ⅳ 英语动词不定式与动名词的问题
1.Learning
English
is
easy.等不等于It
is
esay
learnling
English.
?
答:不等于,第一句是正确的,第二句是一个病句
2.Practice
makes
perfect.“PRACITICE”为版什么不用动名词权?
答:PRACITICE本身就是一个名词,它的动词形式为PRACTISE
Ⅳ 英语的动词不定式和动名词在使用上有什么区别
动词不定式和动名词的句法功能比较
一,作主语
⒈不定式作主语
动词不定式作主语时,句子的谓语动词常用单数,其位置有以下两种:
(1)把不定式置于句首.如:
To get there by bike will take us half an hour.
(2)用it作形式主语,把真正的主语不定式置于句后,常用于下列句式中.如:
①It+be+名词+to do
It's our ty to take good care of the old.
②It takes sb + some time +to do
How long did it take you to finish the work
③It+be+形容词+for sb +to do
It is difficult for us to finish writing the composition in a quarter of an hour.
④It+be+形容词+of sb +to do
It is stupid of you to write down everything the teacher says.
⑤It seems(appears)+形容词+to do
It seemed impossible to save money.
在句型③中,常用表示客观情况的形容词,如:difficult, easy, hard, important, impossible, necessary 等;在句型④中,常用careless, clever, good, foolish, honest, kind, lazy, nice, right, silly, stupid, wise等 表示赞扬或批评的词.在不定式前的sb,可看作其逻辑主语.这一句式有时相当于Sb is+形容词+to do句式 ,如:It's kind of you to help me with my English.=You are kind to help me with my English.
⒉动名词作主语
Learning without practice is no good.
动名词作主语时,也常用It句式.如:
①It's +no good(no use, fun, a pleasure, a waste of time)+doing…
It's no good reading in dim light.
It's no use sitting here waiting.
②It's+形容词+doing
It's dangerous swimming in the sea in windy days.
这样用的形容词有expensive, nice, tiring等,但important, necessary则不适用于这种结构,应用不定式 代替,如:It's important for you to keep fit.
③There is no + doing
There is no saying what will happen next.
在这一结构中,动名词后常带宾语,相当于"It's impossible to…"结构.
⒊动词不定式和动名词作主语的区别
①不定式作主语经常表示具体动作,常与特定的动作执行者联系在一起;而动名词作主语经常表示抽象动 作,经常不与特定的动作执行者联系在一起.如:
It's no good eating too much
Ⅵ 在英语里动名词和不定式
动名词 是动词形式
动词不定式 是 to+动词原形
动名词和现在分词都是由v+ing构成,在句中都能作表语和定语,而且都保留着动词的一些特征,有其完成式和被动态。那么v+ing形式到底是现在分词还是动名词呢?下面有五种区别方法:
(1)如果v+ing形式与被修饰名词逻辑上是主谓关系,就是现在分词,它相当于定语从句;如果逻辑上没有主谓关系,则是动名词,它可以用介词for加上这个动名词来代替,该介词短语应放在被修饰名词之后。例如:
1)a moving blackboard正在移动的黑板(moving:现在分词,a moving blackboard=a blackboard which is moving)
2)a walking tractor手扶拖拉机(walking:现在分词,awalking tractor=a tractor which is walking)
(2)如果v+ing形式是说明主语怎么样,表示的是主语的形状、特征的是现在分词,现在分词起着形容词和副词的作用,在句中作宾补和状语,一般用how提问,后不带宾语,但可用very,so,quite等词修饰,也可用more和most分别构成比较级和最高级。如果v+ing形式是说明主语是什么,即主语的具体内容,强调主语的行为、功能和用途的则为动名词。动名词起着名词的作用,在句中作主语和宾语,一般用what提问,也可用状语来修饰,但不能用程度副词very,much等修饰。例如:
1)The news is very exciting.(exciting:现在分词)
2)Laying eggs is her full-time job.(laying:动名词)
(3)动名词作表语,和主语间可以划等号,甚至可以交换位置。如上述例句2)可改写成:Her full-time job is layingeggs.而现在分词充当表语,不能同主语划等号,因此不能同主语换位置。例句1)不能改写成:Exciting is the news.
(4)v+ing前有冠词、物主代词、名词所有格或指示代词的是动名词;用来构成复合形容词的v+ing形式和独立主格结构中所用的v+ing形式的是现在分词。例如:
1)His coming was unexpected.(coming:动名词)
2)The Chinese are brave and hard-working.(working:现在分词)
(5)朗读时,如果v+ing形式与它修饰的名词均有句子重音的为现在分词;如果v+ing有句子重音,被它修饰的名词没有句子重音的则为动名词。
Ⅶ 英语语法 动名词和不定式的用法
今天Jason老师与大家一起探讨下动名词和不定式的用法。
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Ⅷ 列举英语中动名词和动词不定式的用法,并举例说明。
不定式和动名词都可在句子中作主语,一般说来,有下面几点须给予注意:1.不定式一般表示具体版的、特定权的行为;而-ing分词一般表示抽象的、一般的行为.2.在疑问句中,只能用动名词的复合结构作主语.3.在某些句型中通常要用动名词短语作主语4.一般说来,作主语和表语的非谓语动词形式应一致,即:或同时为不定式,或同时为-ing分词.1.主语:表示句子所要说明或描述的人或事物,一般由 名词、代词 或相当于名词的词组或句子 充当,置于句首
Ⅸ 小学英语不定式to do和动名词doing的用法
不定式和动名词
一、动词不定式:构成:to + 动词原形 (to只是不定式符号,没有意义)
1.. 常见的跟不定式作宾语的动词有:
agree 同意,
begin /start 开始,
decide 决定,
forget 忘记,
hate 憎恨,
hope 希望,
learn 学会,
like 喜欢,
love 喜爱,
need 必要,
remember 记得,
try 设法, want 想要,
wish 希望,
would like想要
2. 下列动词跟动词不定式充当宾语补助语:
want 想要,
wish 希望,
ask 问,
tell 告诉,
help 帮助,
wait for 等待,
invite 邀请
She told me to buy a ticket. 她让我去买张票
3.动词不定式省to的情况
A. 一感feel ,
二听 hear, listen to ,
三使have, let, make,
四看see, watch, look at, notice
二、动名词 (动词+ing)作用相当于名词
1. Reading is an art. 读书是一种艺术。
a washing machine 洗衣机,
a reading room 阅览室
2. 下列动词只能接动名词(即动词+ing)
enjoy doing sth, 喜欢做某事
mind doing sth 介意做某事,
practice doing sth 练习做某事
finish doing sth 做完某事
feel like doing sth 想要做某事
keep doing sth 坚持做某事
be used to doing sth 习惯做某事
spend…(in) doing sth 花费时间做某事
have fun doing sth 尽情做某事
have a good time doing sth 做某事很快乐
prefer doing sth to doing sth 与…相比更喜欢做某事
can’t help doing sth 情不自禁做某事
look forward to doing sth 盼望做某事
pay attention to doing sth 注意做某事
三、不定式与动名词的比较
1.有些动词后面既可接不定式,也可接动名词,意义不变。
如: begin 开始, start开始, hate 憎恨, like喜欢, love喜爱
2.有些动词后接不定式或名词时,意义差别较大
1)stop doing sth 记得作过某事(某事已做过)
stop to so sth记住去做某事(某事还没做)
2)forget doing sth 忘了作过某事(某事已做过)
forget to do sth 忘了去做某事(某事还没做)
3)try to do sth 尽力去做某事 try doing sth 试一试,试试看
4)go on doing sth 继续做某事(同一动作)
go on to do sth 继续去做某事(不同的事)
5)stop doing sth 把某事停下来
stop to do sth停下(手中事)去做另外的事