① 英语的反义疑问句语法中:什么时候疑问部分用助动词
当陈述部分中含有动词的时候啊!如:Nobody
came
here
while
i
was
out,did
they?
Everything
seem
s
all
right,doesn't
it
?
② 英语语法 倒装句 和 反义疑问句的区别 急急急
英语倒装
倒装是一种语法手段,用于表示一定的句子结构或强调某一句子成分。倒装句有两种:完全倒装和部分倒装。
1. 完全倒装
1) 完全倒装即把整个谓语放到主语之前(是整个谓语动词,而非助动词)。
例如:In came the teacher and the class began. (老师走了进来,然后开始上课。)
2) there引出的完全倒装句:除了最常见的there be句型以外,there还可以接appear, exist, lie, remain, seem to be, stand等,一般都译成"有"的含义,构成完全倒装句。
例如:There appeared to be a man in black in the distance.(远处有个穿黑色衣服的人。)
3) 由地点和时间副词引出的完全倒装句:以地点副词here, there和时间副词now, then 开头,后面的动词是be, come, exist, fall, follow, go, lie, remain, seem, stand等,而主语又是名词时,构成完全倒装句。Up climbed the boy when his mother came.
4)表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首,谓语表示运动的动词且主语是名词时使用完全倒装
Out rushed a missile from under the bomber. 轰炸机肚底下窜出一枚导弹。
Out he rushed.
注意:
1) 在here, there引出的倒装句中,当主语是普通名词时用完全倒装句,但当主语是代词时,就要用部分倒装句。
例:Here comes the postman!(邮递员终于来了!注意实意谓语动词位于主语之前。)
Here we are.(我们到了。注意系动词位于主语代词之后。)
2) 当主语是代词,谓语是系动词,表语是说明性的词、词组和定语从句时,可以使用完全倒装句,起强调作用。
例:Lucky is he who has been enrolled into a famous university.(他真幸运,被一所名牌大学录取了。)
Typical for China is the crosstalk show where a pair of comedians entertains the audience with word play.(中国典型的是相声表演,两个喜剧演员通过文字游戏逗乐观众)
2. 部分倒装
1) 部分倒装即只把谓语的一部分(如助动词、情态动词等)放到主语前,或把句子的强调成分提前。
Nor did he let the disease stop him from living the kind of life he has always dreamt about(疾病没有使他放弃过上梦想中的生活)
2) 以否定词开头的句子要求部分倒装。注意下列句子中助动词或情态动词提前、甚至补充助动词的用法:
例:Not until yesterday did little John change his mind.(小约翰直到昨天才改变了主意。)
In no country other than Britain, it had been said, can one experience four seasons in the course of a single day.(据说除了英国世界上没有哪个国家能让人在一天中感受到四季变化)
3) 以否定副词开头并加状语放在句首的句子要求部分倒装。这些否定副词有barely, hardly, little, seldom, scarcely…… when, never, no sooner…… than, rarely, no more, not nearly, not only等以及only。
Only in the country can you learn the “true English”.
4)一些如scarcely……when, no sooner ……than, hardly……when引导的主从复合句主句要求使用过去完成式。
注意:在部分倒装句中,只有助动词、情态动词或连系动词to be可以置于主语之前,其它部分都要置于主语之后。
5)此外,一些介词+no+名词的结构中需要用部分倒装,这些结构包括at no time; by no means; by no manner of means; for no reason; in no case; in/under no circumstances; in no sense; in no way; on no account; on no consideration; at no point例如Under no circumstances should you lend Paul any money.
注意:
a) 如果含有从句时,只要求主句倒装: 例:Only after he had spoken out the word did he realize he had made a big mistake.(只有当他已经说出那个字后才意识到自己犯了个大错误。)
b) 如果上述否定副词出现在强调句型中的前半部分,不用倒装:
例: It was not until he went abroad that he know the truth of the fact.(直到他出国以后才了解到事实真相。)
c) 如果hardly, scarcely后面接的是any, ever, at all时,意义类似almost no/ not/ never(几乎不、从不),则无须倒装。
例:Hardly any people having been invited went there.(几乎没有什么受到邀请的人去那里了。)
6) 由no matter how, however和how引导的状语从句要求部分倒装,因为形容词或副词通常紧跟在这三个引导词后面,然后才是主语和谓语,形成形式上的部分倒装句:
例:I know nothing about this river, neither how long, how wide nor how deep it is.(我一点也不了解这条河,不知道它有多长,多宽或多深。)
7) 由as引导的部分倒装句:
a) 当as作为比较意义时,即用于as + adj./ adv. + as结构中时,如果把第一个as省略掉,就形成部分倒装句。
例:Cautious as the rest of her family (was) , she didn't seem willing to give an immediate reply to my question.(正如她家里人一样谨慎小心,她似乎不愿意立即回答我的问题。)
She charged the stairs, quick as a rabbit (ran).(她跑上楼去,跑得象兔子那么快!)
b) 当 as引导让步状语时,和although, though一样,当用作“尽管”之义时,可以用于部分倒装句。
Hard as he worked, he did not pass the exam.(虽然他很用功,但他还是没及格)
c) 表示原因时,为了强调起见,也可以倒装。
例:Tired as he was, we decided not to disturb him.(因为他太累了,我们决定不打扰他。)
d) 等于so时,意义是“也,也是”
例:She worked hard, so/ as did her husband. (她工作很努力,她的丈夫工作也很努力。)
3. 其它情况的倒装句
1) so, neither, nor除了构成上述倒装句以外,还可以取代上文出现的名词、形容词甚至整句话,构成完全倒装句或部分倒装句。但这两种倒装的意义不同。
a) 当so表示“也,相同,那样”时,通常表示对前一句肯定句的赞同、一致内容,要求使用完全倒装句:
He promised to finish my homework, so did I.
b) so /such ……that句型可以构成部分倒装句,表示强调so /such和that之间的部分:
例:So selfish was she that everyone avoid talking with her.
c)也存在such+be+主语的情况用以强调,例如Such was Albert Einstein, a simple man of great achievements.(阿尔伯特•爱因斯坦是一个有伟大成就的普通人)
d) neither和nor共有4种倒装形式,其含义分别为:
1) 完全倒装时:表示"也不",和上文a)用法正好相反,表示对前一句否定句的赞同或一致内容。
例:You don't know what to do now, neither/ nor do I .(你不知道现在该做什么,我也不知道。)
2) 和其它否定副词连用,表示"也(不)",也要求用完全倒装句:
例:The besieged enemy could not advance, nor / neither retreat could they .(被包围的敌人既不能进,也不能退。)
注意:若把这句话改成:"The besieged enemy could neither advance nor retreat.(被包围的敌人既不能进,也不能退。)"就不必倒装。
She never laughed, nor did she ever lose her temper.
3) 用在肯定句里,构成一般否定倒装:
例:All that is true, nor must we forget it.(那全都是真的,我们可不能忘记。)
4) 部分倒装,有承上启下作用,表示同意和赞同:
例:A: I couldn't do anything for her.(我帮不了她。)
B: Nor you could, but you might have got somebody to help her.(你是不能帮她,但你本可以找人帮她的。)
2) 在进行比较的句子里,如果主语不是代词时,可以倒装:
例:America consumes more energy than did our country.(美国消耗的能源比我们国家多。)
3)在某些表示祝愿的句型中要求倒装。如May you happy.
4)在文学作品中常出现倒装,有些是由于语法习惯,有些是为了简单的修辞,如Not even one cloud will I bring away(不带走一片云彩).
注:如果only后面的词组不是状语,则不用倒装.
Only Wang Ling knows this .
如果直接引语后注明引语是什么人说的,而且主语是名词时,用倒装结构;主语是代词时,一般不用倒装。
" Let' go ," said the man .
————————————————————————————————————-—————————————————————————————————
特殊的句型
请注意以下句型的反义疑问句的用法:
1.当陈述部分的主语是I , everyone, everything, nobody 时,后面的疑问句应表示为:
I am a student, aren’t I ?
Everyone is in the classroom, aren’t they? (基本不用单数)
Nobody will go, will they?
2. 否定
(1)当陈述部分有never,seldom, hardly,few,little,barely, scarcely, nothing 等否定词时,后面的疑问句则为肯定形式:
There are few apples in the basket, are there?
He can hardly swim, can he?
They seldom come late, do they?
(2)当陈述部分含有否定意思的词是unhappy,dislike,unfriendly等含有否定词缀的派生词时,疑问部分要用否定形式。如:
He looks unhappy,doesn't he?他看上去不高兴,不是吗?
The girl dislikes history,doesn't she?这女孩不喜欢历史,不是吗?
3.think, believe, suppose, imagine, expect等动词后接宾语从句构成的主从复合句在构成反意疑问句时,视情况不同有两种不同的构成方式。
(1.)当主句的主语为第一人称时,其后的简短问句应与从句相一致。例如:
I expect our English teacher will be back this weekend, won't she/he?
We suppose you have finished the project, haven't you?
值得注意的是,当这些动词后接的宾语从句的否定转移到主句时,其仍属否定句,故其后的简短问句应用肯定式,而非否定式。例如:
I don't believe that he can translate this book, can he?
We don't imagine the twins have arrived, have they?
此类句子的回答同"前否后肯"型反意疑问句一样,如上述后一个句子,若双胞胎已经到了,则回答为"Yes, they have.";若尚未到达,使用"No, they haven't."。
(2).当主句的主语为第二、三人称时,其后的简短问句则应与主句相一致(此时,否定只看主句,与从句无关...)。例如:
Your sister supposes she needs no help, doesn't she?
You thought they could have completed the project, didn't you?
They don't believe she's an engineer, do they?
She doesn't expect that we are coming so soon, does she?
(3)但如果主句的时态是过去时等等,疑问句应和主句的人称时态保持一致。
4. 陈述部分有had better,或其中的have表示“有”、完成时态 时,疑问句应用hadn’t等开头:
You’d better get up early, hadn’t you?
其他情况句中有have时疑问句应用don't等开头
5.当陈述部分是祈使句时,疑问句要根据语气来表达
Let’s go out for a walk, shall we? (当开头是Let‘s时,一定要用shall we。Let us也不行)
Let us go out for a walk, will you?
Let me help you,may I?
Turn on the radio, will you?
6 There be 句型中,反义疑问部分必须为 be 动词 + there
There are some apples in the basket, aren't there?
There isn't any milk left, is there?
7.当陈述部分有情态动词must,问句有4种情况:
(1)mustn't表示“禁止,不可”时,附加问句通常要用must.
You mustn't stop your car here,must you?
你不能把车停在这地方,知道吗?
(2)must表示“有必要”时,附加问句通常要用needn't.
They must finish the work today,needn't they?
他们今天要完成这项工作,是吗?
(3)当must用来表示对现在的情况进行推测时,问句通常要根据must后面的动词采用相应的形式。
He must be good at english,isn't he?
他英语一定学得很好,是吗?
(4)当must+have done表示对过去的情况进行推测(一般句中有明确的过去时间状语),问句要根据陈述部分谓语的情况用“didn't+主语”或“wasn't/weren't+主语”;如果强调动作的完成(一般没有明确的过去时间状语),问句要用“haven't/hasn't+主语”。
She must have read the novel last week,didn't she?
她上星期一定读了这本小说,是吗?
You must have told her about it,haven't you?
你一定把这事告诉她了,是吗?
8.反意疑问句的回答用yes, no, 但是,回答意思相反,当陈述部分是否定形式时,回答要按事实。如:
They don’t work hard, do they? 他们不太努力工作,是吗?
Yes, they do. 不,他们工作努力。/No, they don’t. 对, 他们工作不努力
[编辑本段]重点归纳
快速记忆表
陈述部分的谓语 疑问部分
I aren't I
Wish may +主语
no,nothing,nobody,never,
few, seldom, hardly, 肯定含义
rarely, little等否定
含义的词
ought to(肯定的) shouldn't/ oughtn't +主语
have to+v.(had to+v.) don't +主语(didn't +主语)
used to didn't +主语或 usedn't +主语
had better + v. hadn't you
would rather + v. wouldn't +主语
you'd like to + v. wouldn't +主语
must 根据实际情况而定
感叹句中 be +主语
Neither…nor,
either…or 连接的根 据其实际逻辑意义而定
并列主语
指示代词或不定代词
everything,that, 主语用it
nothing,this
并列复合句 谓语根据邻近从句的谓语而定
定语从句,宾语从句的
主从复合句 根据主句的谓语而定
think,believe,expect,
suppose,imagine等引导 与宾语从句相对应的从句
everybody,anyone,
somebody,nobody,no one 复数they, 单数he
情态动词dare或need need (dare ) +主语
dare, need 为实义动词 do +主语
省去主语的祈使句 will you?
Let's 开头的祈使句 Shall we?
Let us 开头的祈使句 Will you?
there be 相应的谓语动词+there(省略主语代词)
否定前缀不能视为否定词 仍用否定形式
must表"推测" 根据其推测的情况来确定反意疑问句
③ 英语语法 反意疑问句 he must have been at home yesterday,hadn"t he这句话对吗
正解:“wasn't he?"当陈述复部分有情态动制词must,问句有4种情况: (1)mustn't表示“禁止,不可,不必”时,附加问句通常要用must. You mustn't stop your car here,must you? 你不能把车停在这地方,知道吗? (2)must表示“有必要”时,附加问句通常要用needn't. They must finish the work today,needn't they? 他们今天要完成这项工作,是吗? (3)当must用来表示对现在的情况进行推测时,问句通常要根据must后面的动词采用相应的形式。 He must be good at English,isn'the? 他英语一定学得很好,是吗? (4)当must+have done表示对过去的情况进行推测(一般句中有明确的过去时间状语),问句要根据陈 述部分谓语的情况用“didn't+主语”或“wasn't/weren't+主语”;如果强调动作的完成(一般没有明确的过去时间状语),问句要用“haven't/hasn't+主语”。
④ 初中英语语法讲解 反义疑问句
反义疑问句(The Disjunctive Question)
即附加疑问句.它表示提问人的看法,没有把握,需要对方证实.
它表示提问人的看法,没有把握,需要对方证实.反义疑问句由两部分组成:前一部分是一个陈述句,后一部分是一个简短的疑问句,两部分的人称时态应保持一致.
1.陈述部分肯定式+疑问部分否定式
2.陈述部分否定式+疑问部分肯定式
They work hare,don’t they?
She was ill yesterday,wasn’t she?
You didn’t go,did you?
He can’t ride a bike,can he?
请注意以下句型的反义疑问句的用法:
1.当陈述部分的主语是I ,everyone,everything,nobody 时,后面的疑问句应表示为:
I am a student,aren’t I
Everyone is in the classroom,aren’t they?
Everything begins to grow in spring,doesn’t it?
Nobody will go,will they?
2.当陈述部分有never,seldom,hardly,few,little,barely,scarcely,nothing 等否定词时,后面的疑问句则表示为:
There are few apples in the basket,are there?
He can hardly swim,can he?
They seldom come late,do they?
3.当陈述部分是I think 加从句时,疑问句应和从句的人称时态保持一致.
I think chickens can swim,can’t they?
I think Lucy is a good girl,isn’t she?
I didn't think he was happy,was he?
4.陈述部分有had better 时,疑问句应用hadn’t开头:
you’d better get up early,hadn’t you?
5.当陈述部分是祈使句时,疑问句要根据语气来表达
Let’s go out for a walk,shall we?
Let us go our for a walk,will you?
Turn on the radio,will you?
6.反义疑问句的回答用yes,no,但是,当陈述部分是否定形式时,回答要按事实.如:
They don’t work hard,do they?他们不太努力工作,是吗?
Yes,they do.不,他们工作努力./No,they don’t.对,他们工作不努力.
⑤ 关于英语语法中反义疑问句的回答
萍mm的是对的,
也就是说,楼主的理解是对的,没问题
⑥ [英语]反意疑问句中"have to"的相关语法
用do/does have to 是一个比较特殊的情态习语,虽然也具有情态动词的功能,但却与其他的情态动词不同。它有人称、数和时态的变化,其否定式和疑问式的构成方式也与情态动词不一样。同学们在使用have to 时必须弄清它的真面目,否则容易出错。 一、have to 与其他情态动词一样也是后接动词原形,表示外界的强制作用,强调被迫性。含有不情愿的色彩,常译为“必须,不得不”。 二、have to 可用于多种时态,而且不同时态使用不同的形式:一般现在时中,主语为第三人称单数时用has to ; 一般过去时中,用 had to。 have to 还可以用在其他的情态动词之后。例如: I have to do some washing. 我必须洗洗衣服。 She has to look after her little sister. 她不得不照顾她的小妹妹。 I had to do my homework last night. 昨晚我不得不做作业。 I think he may have to help his Dad in the garden. 我想他可能不得不在花园里帮他爸爸。 三、have to 的否定式和疑问式一般要借用助动词do的适当形式构成。have to 的否定式是don’t have to; has to 的否定式是doesn’t have to; had to 的否定式是didn’t have to。have to的疑问式同样也借用助动词do的相应形式构成。例如: He doesn’t have to do the homework now. 他没有必要现在做作业。 —Do I have to go there now? 我现在就得去那儿吗? —Yes, you do. (No, you don’t have to.) 是的,你必须去。(不,你不必。) We didn’t have to answer the question yesterday. 昨天我们没有必要回答这个问题。 注:情态习语是助动词、不定式或副词的组合。 四、翻译下面的句子。 1.我们必须自己动手去做。 2.玛丽必须在英语学习上努力吗? 3.上周日他不得不早起。 4.你没必要为你的功课担心。 5.彼得很累,不得不坐下来休息一会儿。 6.昨天他不得不待在家里。 7.他不得不跑回学校取他的作业本。 8.你必须早些离开吗? 9.我没必要躺在床上。 10.我们必须认真听老师讲课。 keys: 1. We have to do it ourselves. 2. Does Mary have to study hard at English? 3. He had to get up early last Sunday. 4. You don’t have to worry about your lessons. 5.Peter was very tired and he had to sit down and have a rest. 6. He had to stay at home yesterday. 7.Hehad to run back to school to get his exercise-books. 8. Did you have to leave early? 9. I don’t have to stay in bed. 10.We have to listen to the teachers carefully.
⑦ 反义疑问句在英语语法的什么部分
反意疑问句在语法方面做为单独的一部分存在,其作为单独的部分列出来可见其重要性。反意疑问句可以表示真实的疑问,可以表示说话者的某种倾向,强调或反问。
⑧ 反意疑问句语法总结及典型例题
一、什么是反意疑问句
英语中,反意疑问句是由陈述句和附在其后的附加疑问句组成。其中附加疑问句是对陈述句所说的事实或观点提出疑问,起证实作用,一般用于证实说话者所说的事实或观点。
二、反意疑问句用法说明
◇注意:
反意疑问句前后两部分谓语应是,“肯定陈述+否定疑问”或“否定陈述+肯定疑问”
简略问句如果是否定式,not应与be,do,will等系动词、助动词、情态动词缩写
简略问句的主语不用名词,应用人称代词
当说话者的目的不在疑问,而是为了加强语气时,用降调
当说话者的目的在疑问,则用升调
陈述部分含“too...to”时,是否定句
1) 陈述部分的主语是I,疑问部分要用 aren't I.
I'm as tall as your sister,aren't I?
(我和你姐姐一样高,对吗?)
2) 陈述部分的谓语是wish,疑问部分要用may +主语。
I wish to have a word with you, may I?
(我希望可以和你说话,可以吗?)
3) 陈述部分用 no, nothing, nobody, never, few, seldom, hardly, rarely, little等否定含义的词时,疑问部分用肯定含义。
The Swede made no answer, did he / she?
Some plants never blown (开花), do they ?
4) 含有ought to 的反意疑问句,陈述部分是肯定的,疑问部分用shouldn't / oughtn't +主语。
He ought to know what to do, oughtn't he? / shouldn't he?
5) 陈述部分有have to +v. (had to + v.),疑问部分常用don't +主语(didn't +主语)。
We have to get there at eight tomorrow, don't we?
6) 陈述部分的谓语是used to 时,疑问部分用didn't +主语或 usedn't +主语。
He used to take pictures there, didn't he? / usedn't he?
7) 陈述部分有had better + v. 疑问句部分用hadn't you?
You'd better read it by yourself, hadn't you?
8) 陈述部分有would rather +v.,疑问部分多用 wouldn't +主语。
He would rather read it ten times than recite it, wouldn't he?
9) 陈述部分有You'd like to +v. 疑问部分用wouldn't +主语。
You'd like to go with me, wouldn't you?
10) 陈述部分有must 的疑问句,疑问部分根据实际情况而定。
He must be a doctor, isn't he?
You must have studied English for three years, haven't you? / didn't you?
He must have finished it yesterday, didn't he?
11) 感叹句中,疑问部分用be +主语。
What colours, aren't they?
What a smell, isn't it?
12) 陈述部分由neither… nor, either… or 连接的并列主语时,疑问部分根据其实际逻辑意义而定。
Neither you nor I am engineer, are we?
13) 陈述部分主语是指示代词或不定代词everything, that, nothing, this, 疑问部分主语用it。
Everything is ready, isn't it?
14) 陈述部分为主语从句或并列复合句
⑨ 反义疑问句 英文语法求解
He has never ridden a horse before, has he?
never表否定,疑问部分应使用肯定,这个没问题。想知道的是,为什么疑问部分的谓语是has 而不是does?
答:这个问题问得很怪!
反问:所有的疑问句都需要用助动词does(do/did)吗?
下面的几种句子,你能变成一般疑问句吗?看哪些才需要助动词do/does/did,哪些本身就已经有了助动词 (或情态助动词)或不需要助动词do/does,did的帮助:
1. He has a car.
2. He has lunch at school.
3. He has gone abroad.
4. He can swim
5. He is a student.
6. He is often critisized by the teacher.
7. He will be here soon.
8. He often rides a bike to school.
如果会一般疑问了,知道哪一些不需要助动词does,哪一些需要助动词does,则反意疑问尾句就知道了,因为它们都是 ___ he? 这样的形式。前面肯定,后面否定(一定要用缩略式),前面否定,后面肯定,这你知道的。
答案:2、8句必须does帮助。1.可用does,也可不用。其它句子:不需要does!
⑩ 英语一般将来时、过去进行时、现在完成时、条件状语从句、反义疑问句语法
一般将来时:主语+will be doing/be going to do
过去进行时:主语+was/were doing
现在进行时:主语+be doing
条件状语从句内:由if的条件状语从句:主将从现
反义疑问容句:前肯后否,前否后肯(never,few,little……也属于否定)