Ⅰ 高一英语知识点总结
语法知识无非就是几个句子的变换 从句 时态 还有固定搭配之类的 你可以使用小飞机英语对照教材学习
Ⅱ 高中英语必修一到必修四有哪些语法知识点,详细归纳一下,谢谢
必修一到必修四的主要语法有:定语从句、时态语态、名词性从句、情态动词、非谓语和构词法。
每个单元具体语法如下:
必修一
Unit 1 Friendship 直接引语和间接引语(1)陈述句和疑问句
Unit2 English around the world 直接引语和间接引语(2)请求与命令
Unit 3 Travel Journal 现在进行时表将来
Unit 4 Earthquake 定语从句(1)(that,which,who,和whose)
Unit5 Nelson Mandela 定语从句(关系代词和关系副词)
必修二
Unit 1 Cultural relics 定语从句(限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句)
Unit 2 The Olympic Games 一般将来时的被动语态的结构与用法
Unit3 Computers 现在完成时的被动语态的结构与用法
Unit4 Wildlife Protection 现在进行时的被动语态的结构与用法
Unit5 Music 定语从句(介词+which)
必修三
Unit1 Festivals around the world 情态动词(1)
Unit2 Healthy Eating 情态动词(2)
Unit3 The million pound bank-note 宾语从句和表语从句
Unit4 Astronomy:the science of the stars 主语从句
Unit5 Canada-“The true North” 同位语从句
必修四
Unit1 Women of achievement 主谓一致
Unit2 Working the land 动词的-ing形式作主语和宾语
Unit3 A taste of English humour 动词的-ing形式作表语定语和宾语补足语
Unit4 Body language 动词的-ing形式作定语和状语
Unit5 Theme Parks 构词法
有帮助的话采纳下哈O(∩_∩)O~
Ⅲ 所有到高一的英语时态(要解析用法)
高一学过些什么时态我都忘记了
不过
时态无非就是那几种了
现在时态:
1
一般现在时
最基本回的
不解释了答
2
一般将来时
有Will
/be
going
to
的句子,有些短暂性动词如come,go等
用它们的be+doing 形式直接表示将来,以现在的时间点为参照物,表达某一动作将要发生
3
现在完成时
以现在的时间点为参照物,表达某一动作已经完成
have/has
done
4
现在完成进行时
以现在的时间点为参照物,某一动作或状态在持续中,还未结束
have/has
been
doing
过去时态
1
一般过去时
以现在的时间点为参照,某一动作已经发生并完成
did
2
过去将来时
一过去的某个时间点为参照,某个动作将要在这一时间点之后发生
would或was/were
going
to
do
3
过去完成时
以过去某一时间点为参照,某一动作已经结束
had
done
4
过去完成进行时
以过去某一时间点A为参照,某一动作或状态到过去的另一时间点B还未结束,还在持续(时间点B距离现在更近)
had
been
doing
大概是这样吧
希望能帮到你
Ⅳ 苏教版高一英语必修一语法知识点总结
一. 直接引语和间接引语 (一)直接引述别人的原话,叫做直接引语;用自己话转述别人的话,叫做间接引语。间接引语一般构成宾语从句。直接引语必须放在引号内,间接引语则不用引号。直接引语改为间接引语时,除将引语部分变成宾语从句外,还必须对直接引语中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等进行改变。 1. 时态的变化:直接引语变为间接引语时,通常受转述动词said, asked等的影响而使用过去化的时态,即把原来的时态向过去推,也就是一般现在时变为一般过去时,现在进行时变为过去进行时,等等。例如: Tom said to me,“My brother is doing his homework.” →Tom said to me that his brother was doing his homework. 2. 人称代词、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等等的变化: 根据意义进行相应的变化,例如: She asked Jack,“Where have you been?” →She asked Jack where he had been. He said,“These books are mine.” →He said that those books were his. (二)直接引语改为间接引语时,都使用陈述语序,但是因为原句的句式不同,所以变成间接引语时所用的连词会有所不同。直接引语如果是一般疑问句,用连接词whether或if;如果是特殊疑问句,则用疑问词引导间接引语。转述的动词一般用asked,可以在其后加上一个间接宾语me, him, her, us等。如: She said,“Is your father at home?” →She asked me if/whether my father was at home. “What do you do every Sunday?”My friend asked me. →My friend asked me what I did every Sunday. 直接引语如果是祈使句,改为间接引语时,要将祈使句的动词原形变为带to的不定式,并在不定式的前面根据原句的语气(即请求或命令)加上ask, tell, order等动词,如果祈使句为否定式,则在不定式前加not。其句型为:ask / tell / order someone (not) to do something. 例如: She said to us,“Please sit down.” →She asked us to sit down. He said to him,“Go away!” →He ordered him to go away. He said, “Don’t make so much noise, boys.” →He told the boys not to make so much noise. 二. 各种时态的被动语态 被动语态概述 被动语态的概念:它是动词的一种形式,表示主语与谓语之间的执行或被执行关系。主动语态表示主语是谓语动作的执行者,例如:They saw the little boy crying by the river. 被动语态表示主语是谓语动作的承受者,例如:The little boy was seen crying by the river. 被动语态的构成 被动语态的形式是由“助动词be+动词的过去分词”构成。助动词be随着主语的人称、数、时态等的不同而变化。几种常见时态的被动语态形式如下: 1. 一般现在时 am/is/are + 过去分词 例如:Rice is planted in the south of China. 2. 一般过去时 was/were + 过去分词 例如:These trees were planted the year before last. 3. 一般将来时 will/shall + be + 过去分词 例如:A sports meeting will be held next week in our school. 4. 现在进行时 am/is/are + being + 过去分词 例如:Your radio is being repaired now. 5. 过去进行时 was/were + being + 过去分词 When he got there, the problem was being discussed. 6. 现在完成时 have/has + been + 过去分词 His work has been finished. Has his work been finished? Yes, it has. / No, it hasn’t. 7. 过去完成时 had + been + 过去分词 注意: 1.除了be之外的其它系动词如get, stay等也可以和过去分词构成被动语态。例如:Their questions haven’t got answered. 2. 含有情态动词的谓语变成被动语态使用“情态动词+ be + 过去分词”结构。例如: More attention should be paid to the old in this country. This work can’t be done until Mr. Black comes. 3. 含有“be going to”, “be to”等结构的谓语,其被动语态分别用“be going to + be + 过去分词”和“be to + be + 过去分词”。例如: The problem is going to be discussed at the next meeting. All these books are to be taken to the library. 4. 被动语态与系表结构的区别:“连系动词+用作表语的过去分词”构成的系表结构,与被动语态的形式完全一样,所以应注意它们的区别。被动语态中的过去分词是动词,多强调动作;系表结构中的过去分词相当于形容词,多强调状态。前者通常可用by 引出动作的执行者,而后者则不可以。例如: The map was changed by someone.(被动结构) That custom remained unchanged for many centuries.(系表结构) 系表结构中的过去分词通常可被very修饰,被动语态中的过去分词往往要用much修饰。 例如: He was very excited.(系表结构) He was much excited by her words.(被动结构) 5. 主动形式表被动意义。有些动词的主动形式有被动意味,如 open, read, sell, shut, wash, wear, write等。此时句子的主语一般是物。例如: These books sell well. 这些书很畅销。 The door won’t shut. 这门关不上。 The clothes wash well. 这些衣服很好洗。
Unit 11. 词组: add up add up to add… to… add to calm… down have got to be concerned about / with walk the dog cheat … of go through go ahead go by set down set up set off set out a series of on purpose by accident/ chance in order to so as to in order that so as that at sk at dawn at midnight at noon face to face no longer not … any longer settle down suffer from recover from get/ be tired of make a list of list pack… up get along/ on with fall in love be grateful to sb. for sth. join in take part in join attend make sb/ sth + 宾语补足语 have something/ anything/ everything /nothing to do with it’s because….. +原因 it’s why…. + 结果 dare + (to) do (实义动词) do (情态动词) a year and a half it’s no pleasure+ doing sth happen to do sth have trouble with sb (in) doing sth exactly find it + adj. + to do sth make friends with swap … with it is / was + 序数词 + that + has done / had done ….unit 2词组: because of come up come up with come in come on come out actually in fact as a matter of fact in reality be based on at present make use of make full/ good use of such as play a part/ role in recognize … as more than one + 谓语用单数 at the end of in the end at an end voyage tour travel journey than ever before even if / though communicate with those + 定语从句 用who 1600’s 1980s in + 物主代词 + 数字的复数 in his forties the former the latter a number of the number of make sense usage VS use believe it or not there is no such + 名词 (不加冠词) the way + in which / that /省略 especially specially straight adj/ advunit 3词组: prefer to do , rather than do would rather do , than do would do , rather than do fare VS fee ever since it’s is / has been + 时间段 + since 从句 graate from/ in be fond of cut across cut up cut down care about care for determine to do sth = be determined to do sth change one’s mind make up one’s mind at an altitude of give in give up give off give out give away keep pace with as usual bend over take the advantage of persuade sb to do sth / into doing sth not to do sth/ out of doing sth advise sb to do sth try to persuade sb to do sth although though grow up insist on put up put down put off put on put away can hardly wait to do sth bend over take the advantage of persuade sb to do sth / into doing sth not to do sth/ out of doing sth advise sb to do sth try to persuade sb to do sth although though grow up insist on put up put down put off put on put away can hardly wait to do sth unit 4词组:right away at once immediately burst into laughter/ tears burst out doing sth as if / though in ruins injure wound hurt destroy damage be trapped in dig out bury oneself in doing sth rise raise arise too… to be away it seems as if + 陈述语气/ 虚拟语气 act out be pleased / willing/ glad to do sthhonor in honor of be proud of express my thanks to unit 5词组: of high/ good quality devote to + doing found VS set up in principle in peace out of work in work out of control in control vote for vote against be equal to in trouble turn to turn on / off turn up / down lose heart lose one’s heart escape from / + doing sth come to power / in power be sentenced to in one’s opinion fight for / against blow up dream of/ about imagine doing sth the first time for the first time 语法点1. whether VS if 的用法2. tell sb to do sth ask sb not to do sth 3. be + doing 表将来4. 定语从句: 只用that 的情况 只用who 的情况 只用which的情况 as VS which the same … as / that… such… as as … as 介词+ which/ whom which 引导一个句子的用法 非限制性定语从句which 引导一个句子的用法 非限制性定语从句 插入语 I think I believe I guess I thought 间隔式定语从句 Is this car the one he bought last year? Is this the car he bought last year? What 的用法5. will be done be about to be done be to be done be going to be done 6. has/ have been done 7. be being done 加always 表示一种厌烦等语气8. 强调句 it is + 被强调部分 + that 从句 It is not until + 时间 + that 从句 特殊疑问词 + is it that 从句 9. 倒装句 部分否定,含有否定词的 hardly never little only seldom 等, 把情态动词,be 动词, 助动词提到主语 的前面10. as if , insist suggest request command ,从句用虚拟语气, 用(should) do 。
Ⅳ 高一英语语法总结包括重点句子!
英语时态有16种,但是常用的只有9种:一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时、过去将来时、现在完成进行时。 1、一般现在时的用法 1)经常性或习惯性的动作,常与表示频度的时间状语连用。 2)客观真理,客观存在,科学事实。 3)表示格言或警句中。 4) 现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。 2 一般过去时的用法 表示过去某时间发生的动作或存在的状态。 1)在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。 2)表示在过去一段时间内,经常性或习惯性的动作。 3)句型: It is time for sb. to do sth "到……时间了" "该……了" It is time sb. did sth. "时间已迟了" "早该……了" would (had) rather sb. did sth. 表示'宁愿某人做某事' 4) wish, wonder, think, hope 等用过去时,作试探性的询问、请求、建议等。 注意: 用过去时表示现在,表示委婉语气。 1)动词want, hope, wonder, think, intend 等。 2)情态动词 could, would. 3. 一般将来时 表示将来的动作或状态。 1)shall用于第一人称,常被will 所代替。 will 在陈述句中用于各人称,在争求意见时常用于第二人称。 2)be going to +不定式,表示将来。 a. 主语的意图,即将做某 b. 计划,安排要发生的事。 c. 有迹象要发生的事 3) be +不定式表将来,按计划或正式安排将发生的事。 4) be about to +不定式,意为马上做某事。 注意:be about to 不能与tomorrow, next week 等表示明确将来时的时间状语连用。 4.现在完成时 现在完成时用来表示之前已发生或完成的动作或状 态,其结果的确和现在有联系。动作或状态发生在过去但它的影响现在还存在;也可表示持续到现在的动作或 状态。其构成: have (has) +过去分词。 5.过去完成时 概念:表示过去某一段时刻或某一动作之前完成的动作或存在的状态。 ----|-------|-----|---->其构成是had +过去分词构成。 那时以前 那时 现在 2)用法 a. 在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词后的宾语从句。 b. 状语从句 在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中,发生在先,用过去完成时;发生在后,用一般过去时。 c. 表示意向的动词,如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等,用过去完成时表示"原本…,未能…" 3) 过去完成时的时间状语before, by, until , when, after, once, as soon as。 注意:had no … when 还没等……就…… had no sooner… than 刚……就…… 6.将来完成时 1) 构成will / be going to do sth. 2) 概念 a. 状态完成:表示某事继续到将来某一时为止一直有的状态。 b. 动作完成:表示将来某一时或另一个将来的动作之前,已经完成的动作或获得的经验。 7.现在进行时 现在进行时的基本用法: a. 表示现在( 指说话人说话时) 正在发生的事情。 b. 习惯进行:表示长期的或重复性的动作,说话时动作未必正在进行。 c. 表示渐变的动词有:get, grow, become, turn, run, go, begin等。 d. 与always, constantly, forever 等词连用,表示反复发生的动作或持续存在的状态,往往带有说话人的主观色彩。 8. 过去进行时 1)概念:表示过去某时正在进行的状态或动作。 2)过去进行时的主要用法是描述一件事发生的背景;一个长动作发生的时候,另一个短动作发生。 3)常用的时间状语this morning, the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, when, while 9. 将来进行时 1)概念:表示将来某时进行的状态或动作,或按预测将来会发生的事情。 2)常用的时间状语Soon, tomorrow, this evening,on Sunday, by this time,tomorrow, in two days, tomorrow evening
Ⅵ 高一英语语法总结
宾语从句分三种
①that引导宾语从句仅仅起引导作用,本身无具体意义,通常在非正式文体中可以省略,不引导介词的宾从(except that除外)
例子:She took it for granted that you knew the matter.
②whether获if 领导的宾从
这里的if从句不可以混淆于if引导的条件状语从句,不可以翻译成如果
Do you know whether/if any decision has been arrived at?
③连接代词和连接副词引导的宾从
连接代词有who whom whose what which;连接副词有when where how why等
I will tell you why I was late.
表语从句(标志单词:be动词)
①that引导表从不可以省略
The fact is that he didn't even take the exam.
②wh-疑问词引导的表语从句
That is why he was late for an hour.
③as if,as though,because,just as,引导的表从除because外后可以接虚拟语气
It looks as if we will be late.
主语从句
先行词通常是what
I don't know what he said.
Ⅶ 高中英语语法知识点重点有哪些啊
高中英语语法知识重点:定语从句,名词性从句,状语从句,反意疑问句,名词与主谓一致,情态动词,非谓语动词,虚拟语气,省略和倒装。
Ⅷ 高中必修一英语语法总结
组成句子的各个部分叫句子成分。英语句子成分有主语,谓语,表语,宾语,宾语补足语,定语,状语等。
顺序一般是主语,谓语,宾语,宾语补足语,而表语,定语,状语的位置要根据情况而定。
1、主语
主语表示句子主要说明的人或事物,一般由名词,代词,数词,不定式等充当。
Helikeswatch'ingTV.他喜欢看电视。
2、谓语
谓语说明主语的动作,状态或特征。
1),简单谓语
由动词(或短语动词)构成。
可以有不同的时态,语态和语气。
Westud'yforthepeo'ple.我们为人民学习。
2),复合谓语:情态动词+不定式
Icanspeakalit'tleEng'lish.我可以说一点英语。
3、表语
表语是谓语的一部分,它位于系动词如be之后,说明主语身份,特征,属性或状态。一般由名词,代词,形容词,副词,不定式,介词短语等充当。
Mysis'terisanurse.我姐姐是护士。
4、宾语
宾语表示动作行为的对象,跟在及物动词之后,能作宾语的有名词,代词,数词,动词不定式等。
WelikeEng'lish.我们喜欢英语。
有些及物动词可以带两个宾语,往往一个指人,一个指物,指人的叫间接宾语,指物的叫直接宾语。
Hegavemesom'eink.他给了我一点墨水。
有些及物动词的宾语后面还需要有一个补足语,意思才完整,宾语和它的补足语构成复合宾语。如:
Wemakehimourmon'itor.我们选他当班长。
5、定语
在句中修饰名词或代词的成分叫定语。
用作定语的主要是形容词,代词,数词,名词,副词,动词不定式,介词短语等。形容词,代词,数词,名词等作定语时,通常放在被修饰的词前面。
Heisanewstu'dent.他是个新生。
但副词,动词不定式,介词短语等作定语时,则放在被修饰的词之后。
Thebikeintheroomismine.房间里的自行车是我的。
6、状语
修饰动词,形容词,副词以及全句的句子成分,叫做状语。用作状语的通常是副词,介词短语,不定式和从句等。状语一般放在被修饰的词之后或放在句尾。副词作状语时可放在被修饰的词前或句首。
HelivesinLon'don.他住在伦敦。
7.补语用来说明宾语或主语所处的状态或正在进行的动作,因为英语中有些动词加宾语后意思仍然不完整,如:make(使...),ask(请)等等。如果我们说:我们使我们的祖国。这不是一句完整的话。应该说:我们使我们的祖国更美丽。这是的“美丽的(beautiful)”为形容词做补语,说明祖国的状态。英语句子为:We will make our country more beautiful.作补语的词或词组为:形容词,副词,名词,不定式,ing形式,数词等。
句子的类型:
1.主语+谓语
2.主语+谓语+状语
3.主语+谓语+宾语
4.主语+系动词+表语
5.主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语
6.主语+谓语+直接宾语+间接宾语
7.主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语
A
a (large) number of 许多
a bit 一点儿
a block of 一块
a bottle of 一瓶
a few 许多
a good/great deal of 大量(的);非常多(的)
a great/good many 很多的, 非常多的
a group of 一群,一组
a little 许多
a lot of/lots of 许多
a pair of 一双,一对
a piece of 一片(张,块)
a pile of 一堆
a place of interest 名胜
a set of 一套
a sort of 一种
a type of 一种类型的
a waste of 白费; 浪费
above all 首先;首要
according to 根据...
act as 充当;作;起......的作用
add up to 加起来是
add... to 把.....加到......上
admit doing sth 承认做过某事
advise doing sth 建议做某事
advise sb. against doing sth 建议(劝)某人不要做某事
advise sb not to do sth 建议(劝)某人不要做某事
advise sb to do sth 建议某人做某事
afford to do 有经济条件做某事
after a (short) while 不久以后
after all 毕竟;终究
after graation 毕业以后
again and again 反复地;再三地
agree on 商定;决定;达成共识
agree to do sth 同意做某事
agree to sth 同意(计划或建议)
agree with sb/what sb does 同意某人的意见
all along 一直,始终
all day and all night 整日整夜
all kinds of 各种各样的
all night 整夜
all of a sudden 突然,冷不防
all one's life 终生,一辈子
all over 到处,遍及…,浑身,结束
all over the country 遍及全国
all right 好吧,行吧,病好了
all round 周围,遍及四周
all sorts of 各种各样的
all the best 万事如意
all the same 一样,照样,完全一样
all the year round 一年到头
all through 自始至终
allow into 允许进入
allow doing 允许做某事
allow sb to do 允许某人做某事
and so on 等等
answer for 对......负责
apply for 申请...
arrive at /in 到达某地
as a matter of fact 事实上;其实
as a result(of) 结果
as if/though 好象;好似
as many/much as 多达......
as soon as 一……就……
as usual 象往常一样,照例
as well 也;有
as......as 像;如同
as/so far as 一直到… (程度)
ask sb to do sth 要求某人做某事
ask…for 询问;向......要
at (the) most 至多
at (the)least 至少
at a high price 以高价......
at a time 每次;一次
at all 全然,究竟,到底
at breakfast 早餐时;正吃早饭
at first hand 第一手地,直接地
at first 起先;开端
at hand 在手边,在近处
at home and abroad 国内外
at home 在家里
at night 在夜晚,在夜里
at noon 在中午
at once 立刻,马上
at one time 以前;曾经
at present 现在;目前
at sea 在海上
at someone’s hands 出自某人之手,因为某人
at the age of 在......岁时
at the beginning of 在......的开始
at the end of 最后;尽头
at the foot of 在….的脚下
at the latest 最迟;至迟
at the mercy of 在......支配下
at the same time 同时
at the school gate / at the gate of the school 在学校门口
at the time of 在......的时候
at the top of one's voice 高声地喊叫
at work 再工作,在运转,在起作用
B
be able to do sth (有能力)做某事
be about to 即将
be afraid of 害怕
be against 反对
be angry at sth 对某事生气
be angry with sb 愤怒,生某人的
be anxious about /for 为......担心,焦急
be away from 远离......
be bad at 在......弱,差
be busy doing sth 忙于做……
be busy with sth 忙于......
be careful (of) 当心,小心
be covered with/by 为......所覆盖
be different from 与......不同
be famous as 作为......著名
be famous for 因......而著名
be far away from 远离…
be filled with 用......装满
be fit for 适合
be fond of 爱好;喜爱
be for 支持
be free to do sth 随意做某事
be friendly to sb 对…友好的
year by year 逐年的(表变化)
be good at 在......擅长,善于…
be in love with 与......相爱
be in the habit of doing 有做…的习惯
be late for 迟到
be made from /of 由...... 制成
be made in 由……(产地)制造
be made up of 由...构成;由...组成
be of great help 对…很有帮助
be on fire 在......着火
be on holiday 在假期中
be on show 展览
be poor in 在......差
be popular with sb 深受......欢迎
be prepared for 为……做好准备
be proud of 为......而自豪
be ready (for) 为……做好准备
be rich in 在......充足;富含.....
be satisfied/content with 对……感到满意
be seated 坐下;坐着
be strict with(in) 对某人(物)要求严格
be sure about/of 确信;有把握
be terrified at 被……吓一跳
be tired of sth/doing sth 厌倦做某事
be tired with/from 因......感到厌倦
be torn open 被撕开
be unfit for 不合适,不称职,不胜任
be used to do ...... 被用来作某事
be used to sth/doing sth 习惯做某事
be weak in/at在......弱
be worth doing 值得做......
be wrong with 出毛病,不对头
beat…to death 把.....打死
because of 因为;由于
before long 不久
beg one's pardon 企求
begin…with 从......开始
believe in 信任,信仰
belong to 属于
beyond help 不可挽救的
beyond hope 没有希望的
blow away 刮走;吹走
break away from 脱离......
break down 分解,机器等坏了;身体跨了
break in 插话;强行进入
break into 闯入
break off 打断;折段
break out 爆发,突然发生
break the law 违法,犯法
break the habit of doing 改掉…的习惯
break the rule 违反规定
break up 分解,腐蚀,驱散
break with 与......断绝关系
bring down 使到下;降低
bring in 引来,引进;吸收
bring on 使前进
bring out 说明,阐明
bring up 教育;培养;提出
burn down 把......烧成平地;烧光
burn...to the ground 把......烧成平地
by accident 偶然
by air 乘飞机
by and by 不久,不久以后
by day 日间;白天里
by far 很,极
by hand 手工地
by means of 通过这种方式
by mistake 由疏忽所致
by sea 乘船
by spaceship 乘宇宙飞船
by the end of 在结束之前
by the side of 在......附近
by the way 顺便说
by this means 通过这种方式
by turns 轮流,交替
C
call at some place 访问某地
call back 回电话
call for 去取(某物); 去接(某人);要求,需求
call in 召集
call on sb to do sth 号召某人做某事
call on(upon) sb 拜访某人
call out 着急,大声叫
call sb up 给某人打电话
can’t help doing 情不自禁的做…
care for 喜欢;想要
carry away 冲掉;冲走
carry off 夺走
carry on 进行
carry out 实行,执行,贯彻
carry through 进行到底,完成
catch/take a cold 着凉,感冒
catch fire 着火
catch hold of 抓住,抓牢
catch sight of 望见
catch up with sb 赶上(某人)
change for 换成
change one's mind 改变主意
change...into 把......变成
clear away 把......清除掉
clear up 整理;收拾
collect money for 为......募捐
come about 发生
come across 碰到
come along 快点,来吧
come back 回来
come back to life 苏醒,复活
come down 下来,下降
come from 来自
come in 进来
come into being 形成,产生
come off 从......离开;脱落
come on 快些,加油
come out 出版;开放
come to 共计;达到
come true 成为现实
come up 走进,上前来
compare with 把......和......进行比较
compare to 与......相比
connect to 把...... 接到......
connect with 与......相连
consider doing sth 考路做某事
consider sb as/to be 认为......;把某人看做…
cut off 切断
cut through 剪断
cut up 切碎
D
date back to 追溯到
date from 起始于;追溯到
day after day 日复一日地
day and night=night and day 日日夜夜
deal with 对付;处理
decide to do sth 决定做某事
depend on 依赖;靠 ......决定
devote to 把......献于;把......用于
die from 死于(外因).....
die of 死于(内因).....
die out 灭绝
divide into 分成
do a good deed 对某人做了一件好事
do fine 赶得好
do good 有好处
do harm 有害处
do one’s homework 做家庭作业
do one's best 尽力
do sb a favour / do a favour for sb 帮某人一个忙
do sb good / do good to sb 对某人有好处
do some cleaning/cooking/washing/shopping 打扫卫生/做饭/洗衣服/买东西
do up 收拾,打扮;包装
do well in 在......做的好
do with 处理
do wrong 做坏事;犯罪
dozens of 几十
dream of 向往;渴望;梦想
dress up 打扮
drive off 赶走
drive sb mad 使某人发疯
drop in on sb 顺便拜访某人
drop in at some place 顺便拜访某地
E
each other 彼此,互相
earn one's living 谋生
eat up 吃光
either...or… 或者…或者
end in 以......结束,最后
end up 告终
end with 以......结束
enjoy oneself 过得愉快
even though/if 尽管;即使
ever since 自那时起一直到现在
every few years 每隔几年
every other year 每隔一年
every two years 每两年
F
face to face 面对面
fail in doing sth 做某事失败
fail to do sth 没做成某事
fall asleep 入睡
fall behind 落后于
fall ill 生病
far away 遥远的
far from 远离…
feed on 以…为主食
feel free to do sth 觉得自己可以随意做某事
feel like doing sth 想要或喜欢做某事
feel one’s way 摸索着前进
fight about/over 因为…争吵
fight against … 与…作斗争
fight back 抵抗, 反击
fight for … 为… 而斗争
fight off 击退,竭力摆脱
fight on 继续战斗
fight out 通过争斗解决争论,平息不和
fill … with… 用…把…装满
fill in 填充;填写
find out 查明;发现;了解
fire at 朝… 开枪
first of all 首先
fix a date for 确定…的日期
fix one’s eyes upon sth/sb 盯着…看
fix up 安排,安顿
for ever 永远
for example 例如
for fear of/for 由于担心…,因为怕…
for free 免费
for fun 为了消遣
for joy 高兴地
for the first time 第一次赞同0| 评论
Ⅸ 高一英语高频知识点
我给你分为三个部分 第一部分是重点词组 第二部分是重点巨型 第三部分是重点语法 希望对你有所帮助
重点句型
1.“So + be/have/助动词/情态动词+主词”的结构。此结构中的语序是倒装的,“So”代替上句中的某个成分。如果上面一句是否定句,则使用“Neither/Nor+be/have/助动词/情态动词+主语”的结构。
例如 He’s tired,and so am I.(=I’ m also tired.)
You can swim,and so can I.(=I can also swim.)
She has had supper,and so can I.(=I’ve had lunch,too.)
Tom speaks English,and so does his sister.(=His sister speaks English,too.)
A: I went to the park yesterday.
B: So did I.(=I also went to the park yesterday.)
2.“So +主语+be/have/助动词/情态动词”结构中的主谓是正常语序,so相当于indeed,certainly,表示说话人对前面或对方所说情况的肯定、赞同或证实,语气较强,意思是“确实如此”。
例如 A:It was cold yesterday.昨天很冷。B:So it was.的确如此。(=Yes,it was.)
A:You seem to like sports.B:So I do.(=Yes,I do.)
A:It will be fine tomorrow.B:So it will.(=Yes ,it will.)
3.“主语+do/does/did + so”结构指的是按上句的要求做了。此句型中do so代替上文中要求做的事,以免重复。
My Chinese teacher told me to hand in my composition on time and I did so.(=I handed in
my composition on time.) 语文老师叫我按时交作文, 我照办了。
4.So it is with…或 It is the same with…句型表示 “……(的情况)也是如此。”当前面的句子中有几种不同形式的谓语时,要表示相同情况,必须使用本句型,不能使用so 引起的倒装句。
She doesn’t play the piano, but she likes singing. So it is with my sister.
5、There you are. 行了,好。
这是一句表示一种事情告一段落或有了最终结果的用语。如:
There you are! Then let's have some coffee.除此之外,还可以表示“瞧,对吧(果然如此)”的语气。例如:There you are! I knew we should find it at last.对吧!我就知道我们最终能找到的。
6、have some difficulty (in) doing sth.
干某事有困难;接名词时,常用句型:have some difficulty with sth.
①Do you have any difficulty (in) understanding English?你理解英语口语有困难吗?
②She said she had some difficulty with pronunciation.她说她在发音方面有困难。
7、have a good knowledge of sth.
“掌握……”,“对……有某种程度的了解”
①He has a good knowledge of London.他对伦敦有所了解。
②A good knowledge of languages is always useful.
8、Tree after tree went own, cut down by the water, which must have been three metres deep.
一棵又一棵的树被水冲倒、冲断。那水肯定有三米深。
“must have + 过去分词”表示对已发生事情的猜测。在英语中,must,may,can三个情态动词可用来表示对事情的猜测。Must意为“肯定”,语气很有把握;may意为“可能”、“也许”,语气把握性不大。两者常用在肯定句中。Can意为“肯定”、“也许”,常用在否定句或疑问句中。Must,may,can三者用于表示猜测时,其后面可跟三种不同的动词形式:1)跟动词原形表示对现在事情的猜测;
2)跟be doing表示对正在发生事情的猜测;3)跟have done表示对已经发生的事情的猜测。例如:
Helen is Lucy’s good friend. She must know Lucy’s e-mail.海伦是露茜的好朋友。她肯定知道露茜的电子邮件。
We can hear loud voices in the meeting room. They must be quarrelling.我们可以听到会议
室很吵。他们肯定在吵架。
I met Jeff at the gate a moment ago. He can’t have gone to Australia.我刚才还在大门口见
过杰夫。他不可能去了澳大利亚。
9、Wei Bin took out some peanuts and it was fun to see the monkey eat from his hand.魏彬拿出一些花生。看着猴子从他手上吃花生,很有趣。
fun “好玩,趣事”,不可数名词,前面不加不定冠词a。
You’re sure to have some fun at the party tonight. 今天晚上你肯定会玩得很开心。
make fun of“取笑”,“嘲弄”。People make fun of him only because he is wearing such a
strange jacket.人们嘲笑他只是因为他穿了一件那么奇怪的衣服。
funny adj. “可笑的,滑稽的”。He looks very funny in his father’s jacket.他穿着他父亲
的衣服,看上去很滑稽。
10、Many people who saw the film were afraid to swim in the sea……
许多看过这部电影的人都不敢在海里游。
afraid 用法说明:1)害怕人/ 物,如:be afraid of sb / sth
2)不敢做某事,如:be afraid to do sth / of doing sth
He is afraid to go out / of going out alone at night.
3) 担心会发生某事, 如: be afraid of doing sth或be afraid + that clause
He seldom stands on the river bank because he is afraid of falling into the river.
He seldom stands on the river bank because he is afraid that he might fall into theriver.
4) 给人不愉快的信息或不赞同某人意见时, 用I’m afraid …, 如:
I’m afraid I’ve got bad news for you.I’m afraid I can’t agree with you.
11、It is polite to finish eating everything on your plate.把你盘子里所有东西吃完是有礼貌的。
这是一个动词不定式作主语的句型,其中to finish eating everything 是主语,it是形式主语。
12、I wish you all the best.我祝你万事如意.
用wish来表示祝愿的结构是wish sb sth, 此外我们还可以用may来表示祝愿: May sb do sth如:
May you succeed.
13、Where there is a river, there is a city. 有河流的地方就有城市。
Where在这里引导的是地点状语从句,相当于介词in/ at/ to + the place + where从句9定语从句),意思是“在……地方”。 例如:
Where there is smoke, there is fire.无风不起浪;事出有因。
He lives where the climate is mild.他住在气候温暖的地方。
14、Strong, proud, and united, the people of St Petersburg are the modern heroes of Russia .
圣彼得堡人民坚强不屈、充满自豪、团结一致,他们是俄罗斯当代的英雄。
Strong, proud, and united为前置定语,在这里相当于一个非限制性定语从句:
The people of St Petersburg , who are strong, proud, and united, are the modern heroes
of Russia . 当主语比较短时,这类短语常常放在句首。
15. Congratulations!是一句祝贺用语,在使用时要用复数形式。其他几个通常以复数形式出现表达特定含义的名词有:
manners(礼貌):He is a little boy with good manners.这个小男孩很有礼貌。
regards (问候):Please send my regards to your parents.请代我问候你父母。
16. Every four years athletes from all over the world take part in the Olympic Games.
没四年,世界各地的运动员们都要参加奥运会。
“every + 基数词 + 时间/ 距离单位”词表示“每多少时间/ 距离”。如:
every five days(每五天), every three hours(每三小时), every ten metres(每十公尺)
类似表达形式还有:every fifth day, every third hour
“每隔一天”的表达形式有:every second day, every two days, every other day.
17、Modern cellphones are more than just phones—they are used as cameras and radios, and
to send e-mail or surf the Internet.现代的手机不仅仅是电话机—它们也当坐照相机和收音机使用,还可以发送电子邮件和上网。
use A as B 把A用作B。例如:
In ancient times, people used stones as tools for farming.在古代,人们把石头用作耕作的工具。
use sth to do sth用某物来做某事。例如:
In ancient times, people used stones to kill animals for food.在古代,人们用石头来捕杀动物获取食物。
18、The answer seems to be that we have a need to stay in touch with friends and family no
matter where we are or what we are doing.答案似乎是:无论我们在何处或正在做什么,我们都需要和朋友以及家人一直保持联系。
1) seem 似乎,好像,其用法及搭配有:seem + adj., 如:
This problem seems complicated, but actually it is simple.这个问题看似复杂,其实很简单。
seem to do : I seem to have seen him somewhere before.我好像以前在哪儿见过他。
It seems that…,; It seems that everything is going on well.好像一切正常。
It seems as if…,: It seems as if it’s going to rain.看来快要下雨了。
2) no matter无论,不管,后面常跟疑问词引导的从句,其意相当于疑问词后加ever。如 no matter what=whatever; no matter where=wherever; no matter how=however; no matter when=whenever例如:
No matter when (Whenever) I meet him, he is always wearing that old hat.
不管我什么时候遇见他,他总是戴着那顶旧礼帽。
No matter how (However) expensive the cellphone is, I’ll buy it because I need one badly.
无论这手机有多贵,我都要买。因为我急需有个手机。
重点语法:
直接引语和间接引语
1. 直接引语在改为间接引语时,时态需要做相应的调整。
eg: “I broke your CD player.” (一般过去时改成过去完成时)He told me he had broken my CD player.
Jenny said, “I have lost a book.”(现在完成时改成过去完成时)Jenny said she had lost a book.
Mum said, “I’ll go to see a friend.”(一般将来时改成过去将来时)Mum said she would go to see a friend.
过去完成时保留原有的时态
He said, “We hadn’t finished our homework.” He said they hadn’t finished their homework.
注意 直接引语是客观真理,过去进行时,时态不变。
2. 在直接引语变间接引语时,如果从句中的主语时第一人称或被第一人称所修饰,从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化。如:
Mary said, “My brother is an engineer.”=Mary said her brother was and engineer.
3. 直接引语如果是反意疑问句,选择疑问句或一般疑问句,间接引语应改为由whether或if引导的宾语从句。如:
He said, “Can you run, Mike?”=He asked Mike whether/if he could run.
4. 直接引语如果是祈使句,间接引语应改为“tell(ask, order, beg等) sb (not) to do sth.”句型。如:
“Pass me the water, please.”said he.。=He asked him to pass her the water.
5. 直接引语如果是以“Let’s”开头的祈使句,变为间接引语时,通常用“suggest+动名词或从句”的结构。如:
She said, “Let’s go to the cinema.”=She suggested going to the cinema.
或She suggested that they should go to the cinema.
现在进行时表将来的动作
现在进行时表将来的动作,谓语通常为瞬间动词。如:come, go, arrive, leave, start, return, stay, meet, get等。这些动词的进行时后不能再接具体的时间。
(1)用现在进行时表示将来,指的是近期的,按计划或安排要发生的动作。
(2)现在进行时表示将来与表示正在进行的动作的区别在于:前者通常用瞬间动词(有时一些常用动词也可以这样用如:do)如:go, come, start, return, get, arrive等。而后者通常是持续性动词。
He is reading a novel.
他在看小说。
The train is arriving soon.
火车就要进站了。
(3)用现在进行时表示将来的时间,在句中或上下文中通常有表示将来时间的状语。
(4)现在进行时与一般现在时表示将来动作的区别在于:前者表示的将来的动作往往是可以改变的,而后者则是根据规定或时间表预计要发生的动作或事情,因此往往是不可改变或不可随便改变的。
What are you doing next Friday?
下星期五你们打算干什么?
The plane takes off at 7:30 tonight.
飞机今晚七点半起飞。
定语从句 (the Attributive Clause)
1. 描述特定时间的特征 ---- 由when或介词+which引导定语从句:
This was the moment when / at which Spielberg’s career really took off.
2. 描述特定地点的特征 ---- 由where或介词+which引导定语从句:
Chuck survives the air crash and lands on a deserted island where / on which there are no people.
3. 描述特定原因或理由的内容 ---- 由why或介词+which引导定语从句:
The reason why / for which Steven Spielberg could not go to the Film Academy was that his grades were too low.
限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别
定语从句分限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句,归纳起来,二者有以下几点不同:
一、作用不同
限制性定语从句与先行词的关系非常密切,是先行词不可缺少的定语,它所修饰的词代表一个(些)或一类特定的人或物 如果删去,全句的意思就会变得不明确。而非限制性定语从句在意义上是先行词的一个附加修饰语,对先行词只起进一步补充说明的作用;若把它去掉,全句意思仍然清楚。例如:
The girl who stood in the corner just now is my younger sister.
刚才站在角落里的那个姑娘是我的妹妹。
Mary Smith,who is in the corner, wants to meet you.
玛丽·史密斯在那个角落里,她想见你。
第一个例句中的定语从句指明作为主语的“姑娘”不是任何一个,而是在角落的那个。如果去掉定语从句,表达的意思就不明确。第二个例句已经表明主语是谁,定语从句只不过是补充说明一点情况而已。若去掉从句,句子意思仍然完整。
二、形式不同
非限制性定语从句与先行词之间通常有逗号 而限制性定语从句与先行词之间则无逗号。例如:
He’s the man who lives next door.
他就是住在隔壁的那个人。(从句不可少,从句前无逗号。)
His wife,whom you met at my house,is a teacher.
他的妻子是一位老师,你在我家曾见过她。(从句可有可无,从句前有逗号。)
三、含义不同
限制性定语从句有涉他性;非限制性定语从句有唯一性。例如:
In the class there are ten students who speak English very well.
这个班上有十名英语说得好的学生。(暗示班上不只是十个学生。)
In the class there are ten students,who speak English very well.
这个班上有十名学生,他们英语说得很好。
(非限制性定语从句,表明班上只有十个学生。)
四、 译法不同
在把限制性定语从句译成汉语时,通常在从句的末尾加“的”字,放在它所修饰名词的前边。而在把非限制性定语从句译成汉语时,一般译成一个单独的句子。请看下面例句:
The film that we saw yesterday was very interesting.
我们昨天看的电影非常有趣。
Beijing,which is the capital of China,is a very beautiful city.
北京是中国的首都,它是一座非常美丽的城市。
限定性定语从句
1、定义:在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。引导定语从句的词有关系代词that, which, who ( 宾格whom,所有格whose)和关系副词where, when,关系代词或关系副词放在先行词和定语从句之间,起联系作用,同时又作定语从句的一个成份。
⑴The man who lives next to us sells vegetables. 住在我的隔壁的人是卖菜的。
在该句中the man 是先行词,who 是关系代词,引导定语从句who lives next to us.在定语从句中,who 作主语。
2、由关系代词who, whom, which, that引导的限定性定语从句。
1)如果先行词是人,则用关系代词who/that; 如果先行词是物,则用关系代词which/that。
⑵The number of people who/that lost homes reached as many as 250,000.
无家可归的人多达25万。
⑶It sounded like a train that was going under my house.
它听起来就像是在我的房子下行驶的一列火车。
2)关系代词who, whom, which, that既起联系作用,引导定语从句,使之同它句中的某个名词/代词发生关系,同时又充当定语从句的一个成份。(如作从句中的主语或宾语)。当它们在从句中作宾语时,常可以省略。
⑷The boy(who/whom/that)we saw yesterday was John's brother.
我们昨天见到的那个男孩是约翰的兄弟。
⑸The car (which/that)my uncle just bought was destroyed in the earthquake.
我叔叔刚买的那辆汽车在地震上毁坏了。
说明:
关系代词whom用来指人,是宾格,常用在书面语中作定语从句的宾语。在口语和非正式文体中,常用who/that来代替whom或省略,如例句4。
3)当关系代词that或which修饰事物,作介词宾语时,如果介词位于关系代词之前,则用which(不能省)而不用that。
⑹The tool with which he is working is called a saw = The tool(that/which)he is working with
is called a saw.他干活的那个工具叫锯子(不说…with that…)
⑺The factory in which his father used to work was closed last month = the factory
(that/which) his father used to work in was closed last month.
他父亲以前工作过的那家工厂上个月关闭了。
说明:含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开,介词仍放在动词的后面。
Is this the watch (which/that)you are looking for?
这是你正在找的那块手表吗?
The babies(whom/that)the nurses are looking after are very healthy.
那些护士正在照顾的宝宝们非常健康。
被动语态
结构:1.行为动词的被动语态: 助动词be + 及物动词的过去分词.
be有人称.时态.数的变化,其变化规则与be作为连系动词时完全一样.
一般现在时 am/is/are+及物动词的过去分词
一般过去时 was/were +及物动词的过去分词
一般将来时 will +be +及物动词的过去分词
现在完成时 have/has+been+及物动词的过去分词
2.情态动词的被动语态: 情态动词 + be +及物动词的过去分词
否定式:是在助动词 be 或情态动词后加not构成
疑问式:是把上述助动词或情态动词提到主语之前,句尾加问号构成.
被动语态主要的用法
1)我们不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁(这时 都不带由by引起的短语)。
The book is written for teachers. 这种书是为教师写的。
2)动作的承受者是谈话的中心(这时可带有by引起的短语)。
The shop is run by a young man.这家商店是由一个年轻人经营的。
3)出于礼貌措辞等方面的考虑不愿说出动作的执行者 是谁。
It is generally considered not advisable to smoke here.一般认为在这儿吸烟是不妥当的。
4)被动结构能使句子得到更好的安排。
Liu Dehua appeared on the stage and was warmly applauded by the audience.刘德华在台上出现,观众给予了热烈的掌声。
5)在汉语中被动结构的句子是很多的,有些带有“被”、 “受”、“由”等词,译成英语时较易想到用被动结构。
①他被选为我班班长。He was elected monitor of our class.
但在更多情况下却不带这类标记,这种情况值得特别注意。
②运动会什么时候开? When will the sports meet be held?
注 意
点:1.只有及物动词能构成被动语态, 不及物动词不能构成被动语态.
2.某些不及物动词与介词.副词搭配构成短语动词,带有宾语时,则有了动作的承受者,这时应把它们看作一个整体,变为被动语态,不能丢掉其中的介词,常用的有look after,take care of,cut down, laugh at,talk about,turn on等
eg.Catherine always takes care of the little girl.
→The little girl is always taken care of by Carherine.
3.有些动词短语本身即是被动语态的形式, 不要再加by 短语,常用的有
be covered with be surprised at be interested in be worried about
be made of/from be known to
4.某些动词形式是主动语态,但含有被动的意思.
eg. This dictionary sells well. This kind of car drives fast. The woolen sweater costs $ 88.
5.主动语态与被动语态的相互变化关系
主动句: 主语 + 谓语 + 宾语
(动作执行者) (动作承受者)
被动句: 主语 +谓语动词的被动形式+ by + 动作执行者
(动作承受者)
重点词组的太多了 字数超过限制 我发到给你消息上的