① 英语中哪些情况主谓一致,哪些情况就近一致
主谓一致有三种情况,就近一致是其中的一种。这三种情况分别如下专:
语法一致:指单数名词与表属示单数概念的动词保持一致;复数名词与表示复数概念的动词保持一致。
概念一致:单数名词表示复数概念,如
people(人们)、cattle(牲畜)、family(全家人)等,要与表示复数概念的动词保持一致;复数名词表示单数概念,如
news(新闻),gymnastics(体操)、another
six
weeks(又一个六周)等,要与表示单数概念的动词保持一致。
就近一致:指动词与就近的主语一致。这种情况只有三种:
1)there
be
后的并列主语;
2)or(包括either
...
or
和
neither
...
nor)连接的主语;
3)not
only
but
also和连接的主语
② 在英语中主谓一致是什么意思
主谓一致指的是主语和谓语在人称和数的方面取得一致的问题。
主语若是复数,谓语也采回用复数形式。答
主语若是单数或是不可数名词,谓语采用单数形式。
主谓一致的分类
主谓一致分为两大类:就近一致原则和意义一致原则。
就近一致原则指的是,以靠近谓语动词的,作主语的名词作为人称和数的参考标准。
意义一致原则指的是,必须分析主语属于单数或是复数,可数或是不可数,然后才能决定谓语动词的人称和数的形式。
③ 在英语主谓一致这个语法点我不太清楚,请大家讲一下
John rescued the drowning child (at the risk of his own life)(John冒着自己生命危险救了那个溺水的孩子。)此题中动词rescue变成了过去式,而要填写回部分的正确答答案risk是名词 与主谓一致 无关
在一句话中只要是谓语动词 不管有几个并列谓语 都需要满足主谓一致这个原则
1.The university authorities did not approve the regulation,Nor did they explain why。
本题与主谓一致 无关 属于时态一致
2. Although he was interested in philosophy,(his father persuaded him into)
本题与主谓一致 无关 属于时态一致
你提的问题 不属于主谓一致 的问题 而是时态问题
在一个句子中 出现 并列谓语 一般时态要一致 当然有时也有不一致的情况
在复合句和并列句中 从句或并列句的谓语 视情况 可以和主句或前句 一致或不一致
关键 要符合逻辑
如 i am as i was 我没有变
④ 英语里头主谓一致时什么意思
这是它的意思:
1) 语法形式上要一致,即用作主语的名词中心词和谓语动词在单、复数形式上一致 2) 意义上要一致,即主语和谓语的一致关系取决于主语的单、复数意义.3) 就近原则,即谓语动词的单复形式取决于最靠近它的词语,
1 并列结构作主语时谓语用复数
Reading and writing are very important.
注意: 当主语由and连结时,如果它表示一个单一的概念,即指同一人或同一物时,谓语动词用单数,and 此时连接的两个词前只有一个冠词。
The iron and steel instry is very important to our life. The League secretary and monitor ___ asked to make a speech at the meeting. A. is B. was C. are D. were 答案B. 注: 先从时态上考虑.这是过去发生的事情应用过去时,先排除A.,C..本题易误选D,因为The League secretary and monitor 好象是两个人,但仔细辨别, monitor 前没有the,在英语中,当一人兼数职时只在第一个职务前加定冠词.后面的职务用and 相连.这样本题主语为一个人,所以应选B.
2 主谓一致中的靠近原则
当there be 句型的主语是一系列事物时,谓语应与最邻近的主语保持一致. There is a pen, a knife and several books on the desk..
There are twenty boy-students and twenty-three girl-students in the class.
总的来说,在由not only…but also…, not just…but…, or, either…or…, neither…nor…连接主语的句子中及在there be句型中,谓语动词的单复数按就近原则处理,即按与谓语动词最靠近的那个主语来确定谓语动词的单复数形式。如:
Not only John but also I am going to Shanghai next week. Either you or she is to go. Here is a pen, a few envelops and some paper for you.
3 谓语动词与前面的主语一致 当主语后面跟有with, together with, like, except, but, no less than, as well as 等词引起的短语时,谓语动词与前面的主语一致. The teacher together with some students is visiting the factory. He as well as I wants to go boating.
4 谓语需用单数
1) 代词each和由every, some, no, any等构成的复合代词作主语,或主语中含有each, every, 谓语需用单数.
Each of us has a tape-recorder.
There is something wrong with my watch.
2) 当主语是一本书或一条格言时,谓语动词常用单数. The Arabian Night is a book known to lovers of English.
<一千零一夜>是英语爱好者熟悉的一本好书.
3) 表示金钱,时间.距离.价格或度量衡的复合名词作主语时,通常把这些名词看作一个整体,谓语一般用单数.(用复数也可,意思不变.) Three weeks was allowed for making the necessary preparations. Ten yuan is enough.
5 指代意义决定谓语的单复数 1) 在代词what, which, who, none, some, any, more, most, all等词的单复数由其指代的词的单复数决定.
All is right. (一切顺利.) All are present. (所有人都到齐了.)
2) 集体名词作主语时,谓语的数要根据主语的意思来决定.如family, audience, crew, crowd, class, company, committee等词后用复数形式时,意为这个集体中的各个成员,用单数时表示该个集体.
His family isn't very large. 他家不是一个大家庭.
His family are music lovers. 他的家人都是音乐爱好者.
但集合名词people, police, cattle, poultry(家禽).militia(民兵).vermin等在任何情况下都用复数形式. Are there any police around 3)有些名词,如variety, number, population, proportion, majority 等有时看作单数,有时看作复数.
A number of +名词复数+复数动词.
The number of +名词单数+单数动词.
A number of books have lent out.
The majority of the students like English.
6 与后接名词或代词保持一致
1) 用half of, part of, most of, a portion of 等词引起主语时,动词通常与of后面的名词,代词保持一致.
Most of his money is spent on books.
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⑤ 英语主谓一致的详细讲解。
主谓一致即谓语动词在人称和数上要和主语保持一致,主谓一致包括语法一致、意义一致和就近一致,语法一致即谓语动词在单复数形式上要和主语保持一致,意义一致就是谓语动词要和主语意义上的单复数保持一致,就近一致就是谓语动词要和靠近它的主语部分保持一致。
主谓一致( Subject-Verb Concord )
就其在现代语法中的基本原则而言,通常有三个不同角度的着眼点:1,语法一致 2,意义一致 3,就近原则。
(1)语法一致
主谓一致的原则是指,主语和谓语从语法形式上取得一致:
主语是单数形式,谓语也采取单数形式;主语是复数形式,谓语必须采取复数形式。
例如:
A grammar book helps you learn something about the rules of a language.语法书帮助你学习语言的某些规则。(主语是单数形式,谓语也采取单数形式)
(2)不定式,动名词,以及从句作主语时应看作单数,谓语动词用单数。
例如:
Reading often means learning .读书常意味是学习。
(3)不定代词及each作主语或是修饰主语时应看作单数,谓语动词用单数。
例如:
Neither of my sisters likes sports .我的妹妹中没人喜欢运动。
(4)表示国家,机构,事件,作品等名称的专有名词作主语时应看作单数,谓语动词用单数。
例如:
One Thousand And One Nights tells people lots of mysterious bits of folklore .《一千零一夜》给人们讲了许多神秘的民间传说。
(5)a series of,a kind of,the number of等与名词构成名词短语作主语时看作单数,谓语动词用单数。
例如:
A series of high technology procts has been laid out in the exhibition. 一系列高科技产品已在展览上展出。
(6)由some,several,both,few,many,a number of 等词修饰主语,或是由它们自身作主语时应看作复数,谓语动词用复数。
例如:
Both of us are fond of watching football games .我们俩都喜欢看足球赛.
(7)由and连接两个主语时,如指同一人或物,谓语用单数;指不同的人或物,谓语用复数.
On the seashore,some people are playing volleyball and some are lying in the sun. 海边,有些人在打排球,有些人躺着晒太阳.
(8)有些短语,如:a lot of,most of,any of,half of,three fifths of,eighty percent of,some of,none of,the rest of,all of等后接不可数名词,或是单数形式的名词作主语时应看作单数,谓语动词用单数;但如果后接可数名词的复数形式作主语时应看作复数,谓语动词用复数。
例如:
A lot of money in the shop was stolen yesterday when the electricity was suddenly cut off. 昨天突然断电时,那家商店丢失了许多钱.
(9)主语为单数个不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)或从句时,谓语动词一般用单数。
(10)主语为三单,或习惯用作单数名词或不可数名词的词,如:money,information,clothing等,谓语动词用单数。
意义一致(Notional Concord )
这一原则是指,从意义着眼来解决主谓一致问题.有时主语形式上为单数,但意义上却是复数,那么谓语依意义也用复数形式;而有时主语形式上为复数,但意义上却是单数,那么谓语依意义亦用单数形式。
(1)当主语后面接由as well as,as much as,accompanied by,including,in addition to,more than,no less than,rather than,together with等引导的词组时,其谓语动词的形式要依主语的单复数而定。
在这样的句子里,这些词所引导的词组不影响主语自身的单,复数形式,它们在句子里其实是状语.也就是说,我们完全可以将这些词组搬到句首或是放到句末去.从表面上我们也可以看出,它们与主语之间有","隔开。
例如:
Petroleum,along with fuel gas,has recently risen in price.目前石油和燃料煤气的价格上涨了。
(2)表示时间,金钱,距离,体积,重量,面积,数字等词语作主语时,其意义若是指总量应看作单数,谓语动词用单数;但如果其意义是指"有多少数量"则应该看作是复数,那么谓语动词也应该用复数。
例如:
Four weeks are often approximately regarded as one month.人们常大约地将四个星期看成一个月。
(3)形容词前加定冠词即"the + 形容词"作主语时,其意义若是指个人或是抽象概念应看作单数,谓语动词用单数;但如果其意义是指一类人则应该看作是复数,那么谓语动词也应该用复数。
例如:
The young,on the one hand,often think of the old conservative. On the other hand,the old always consider the young inexperience.一方面,青年人常认为老年人保守;另一方面,老年人总是认为青年人没有经验。
(4)当and连接两个并列主语在意义上指同一人,同一物,同一事或者同一概念时,应看作单数,谓语动词用单数.另外,当and 连接两个形容词去修饰一个单数形式的主语时,其实是指两种不同的事物,主语则应该看作是复数,那么谓语动词也应该用复数。
例如:
War and peace is a constant theme in history. 战争与和平是一个历史上的永恒的主题.
(5)集体名词作主语时,谓语动词的数取决于主语的意义:主语表示整体时视为单数,谓语动词用单数;主语表示集体中的个体成员时视为复数,谓语动词用复数.这类集体名词常见的有:
army,audience,cattle,class,club,committee,crowd,family,government,group,majority,minority,part,people,police,public,staff,team等等,其中cattle,people,police一般看成复数形式.
例如:
The family are all fond of football. 那一家人都喜欢足球.
就近原则(Principle of Proximity )
这一原则是指,谓语动词的人称和数常常与最近作主语的词语保持一致.常出现在这类句子中的连词有:or,either… or …,neither… nor …,not only… but also …等.例如:
Either I or they are responsible for the result of the matter.不是我,就是他们要对那件事的结局负责任。
Neither the unkind words nor the unfriendly attitude has caused me any distress.既不是那些不友好的话,也不是那不友好的态度让我沮丧。
1、并列结构作主语时的主谓一致
由and 连接的两个单数名词作主语时,谓语动词一般根据语法一致的原则用复数。
如:
A young man and a girl want to go there.一个青年男子和一个姑娘想去那里。
2、但如果在意义上指同一个人,同一件事或同一个概念时,谓语动词要用单数形式.如:
A needle and thread was found on the floor.在地板上找到了针线(穿了线的针)。
当each ...and each...,every...and every...,no...and no...,many a...and many a...结构作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式.
如:
No man and no animal is to be found on the moon.在月球上没发现人和动物。
3、一个单数名词同时被两个不同的形容词修饰,表示两个不同的概念时,谓语动词一
般用复数.
如:
Ancient and modern history are the subjects we are studying.古代史和现代史是我们目前学习的课程。
但如果表示的是同一概念时应用单数。
如:
The last and most difficult lesson is lesson14.14课是最后一课也是最难的一课。
4、由not only... but also ...,either...or ...,neither... nor...,... or...连接的并列主语,谓语动词通常依就近一致原则决定.
如:
Either the players or the coach is responsible for the defeat.不是运动员就是教练应该对这次比赛的失利负责。
5、当主语由as well as,along with,together with,ratherthan,no less than,but,except,besides,in additionto,like,including等词连接时,其谓语动词的单复数形式通常由前面的词来决定。
如:
An iron and steal works,with some satellite factories. is to be built here.在这里将建立一个钢铁厂和一些卫星厂。
⑥ 英语主谓一致问题
coal当做【煤】不可复数制
一般来说,不可数名词用动词单数,可数名词复数用动词复数.
There is much water in the thermos.
但当不可数名词前有表示数量的复数名词时,谓语动词用复数形式.
Ten thousand tons of coal were proced last year.
⑦ 关于主谓一致的英语问题
1、Two hours_is__enough for us to arrive there on time(C)时间做主语时谓语用单数
A.are B.has C.is D.was
2、I met one of the boys who _was__going to come to China the next month.(C)首先,宾语从句中的时态,当主句是一般过去时时,从句要用相应的过去时态,在这里,met提示主句是一般过去时,所以从句中的助动词也要用过去式,若用would,则后面用go而不是going,所以用was
A,were B.is C.was D.would
3、Either of the plans_is__equally dangerous.(B)either of 修饰主语,谓语用单数
A.are B.is C.has D.have
4、_Both__English__and_French are taught in this school.A)所给的四个短语中,either or和not only……but also要考虑就近原则,与谓语的复数形式不符,both of后用名词复数,与题意不符,而both……and连接并列的两个名词,谓语用复数
A.Both,and B.Either,or C.Both of ,and D.Not only,but also
5.There __was__no hospital in our town in the past.(B)首先,根据时间状语in the past考虑用一般过去时,又因为no修饰后面的名词,所以谓语用单数
A.is B.was C.are D,were
6.He is the only one of the students who __is_elected(D)首先,electde是elect的过去分词,意为当选的,应使用被动语态,且one of修饰先行词students,所以定语从句的主语是单数,谓语用单数。
A.are B have C.has D.is
7.What we need _is__good textbooks.(A)what连接主语从句,谓语用单数。
A.is B.are C have D.has
8.This is one of the best novels that__have___appeared this year.(B)宾语从句的主语that指 best novels所以是复数,从句的谓语用复数。又因为根据句意应是“今年出版的”,不适用被动语态,所以填have。(..com/question/227390724.html)
A.have been B.has C ,had been D.have
9.It_is__I who_am_leaving for London.(C)强调句It is…… that,判断that\who后面的谓语时直接将It is……that省略再判断。
A.is...is B.am....is C.is.....am D.am....am
10.That they were wrong in these matters_is___now clear to us all(A)that引导的主语从句,主句谓语用单数。
A.is B,was C .are D.were
⑧ 英语主谓一致怎么表达
主谓一致指“人称”和“数”方面的一致关系。对大多数人来说,往往会在掌握主语和随后的谓语动词之间的一致问题上遇到困难。一般情况下,主谓之间的一致关系由以下三个原则支配: 语法一致原则 (grammatical concord) 意义一致原则 (notional concord) 就近原则 (principle of proximity)
⑨ 英语中“主谓一致”的定义是什么
主谓一致是指:
1) 语法形式上要一致,即单复数形式与谓语要一致。
2) 意义上要一致,即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致。
3) 就近原则,即谓语动词的单复形式取决于最靠近它的词语,
一般来说,不可数名词用动词单数,可数名词复数用动词复数。
There is much water in the thermos.
但当不可数名词前有表示数量的复数名词时,谓语动词用复数形式。
e.g. Ten thousand tons of coal were proced last year.
Large quantities of water are needed.
In western countries, mountains of rubbish are thrown away each day.
1 并列结构作主语时谓语用复数
Reading and writing are very important.
注意: 当主语由and连结时,如果它表示一个单一的概念,即指同一人或同一物时,谓语动词用单数,and 此时连接的两个词前只有一个冠词。
The iron and steel instry is very important to our life.
典型例题
The League secretary and monitor ___ asked to make a speech at the meeting.
A. is B. was C. are D. were
答案B. 注: 先从时态上考虑。这是过去发生的事情应用过去时,先排除A.,C.。本题易误选D,因为The League secretary and monitor 好像是两个人,但仔细辨别, monitor 前没有the,在英语中,当一人兼数职时只在第一个职务前加定冠词。后面的职务用and 相连。这样本题主语为一个人,所以应选B。
2 主谓一致中的就近原则
1) 当there be 句型的主语是一系列事物时,谓语应与最邻近的主语保持一致。
There is a pen, a knife and several books on the desk..
There are twenty boy-students and twenty-three girl-students in the class.
2)当either… or… 与neither… nor, 连接两个主语时,谓语动词与最邻近的主语保持一致。 如果句子是由here, there引导,而主语又不止一个时,谓语通常也和最邻近的主语一致。 Either you or she is to go.
Here is a pen, a few envelopes and some paper for you.
3 谓语动词与前面的主语一致
当主语后面跟有with, together with, like, except, but, no less than, as well as 等词引起的短语时,谓语动词与前面的主语一致。
The teacher together with some students is visiting the factory.
He as well as I wants to go boating.
4 谓语需用单数
1) 代词each和由every, some, no, any等构成的复合代词作主语,或主语中含有each, every, 谓语需用单数。
Each of us has a tape-recorder.
There is something wrong with my watch.
2) 当主语是一本书或一条格言时,谓语动词常用单数。
The Arabian Night is a book known to lovers of English.
《天方夜谭》是英语爱好者熟悉的一本好书。
3) 表示金钱,时间,价格或度量衡的复合名词作主语 时,通常把这些名词看作一个整体,谓语一般用单数。(用复数也可,意思不变)。
Three weeks was allowed for making the necessary preparations.
Ten yuan is enough.
5 指代意义决定谓语的单复数
1) 在代词what, which, who, none, some, any, more, most, all等词的单复数由其指代的词的单复数决定。
All is right. (一切顺利。)
All are present. (所有人都到齐了。)
2) 集体名词作主语时,谓语的数要根据主语的意思来决定。如family, audience, crew, crowd, class, company, committee等词后用复数形式时,意为这个集体中的各个成员,用单数时表示该个集体。
His family isn't very large. 他家不是一个大家庭。
His family are music lovers. 他的家人都是音乐爱好者。
但集合名词people, police, cattle, poultry等在任何情况下都用复数形式。
Are there any police around?
3)有些名词,如variety, number, population, proportion, majority 等有时看作单数,有时看作复数。
A number of +名词复数+复数动词。
The number of +名词复数+单数动词。
A number of books have lent out.
The majority of the students like English.
population的谓语动词形式与表语一致,一般来说与分数,百分数连用时,谓语动词用复数。
6 与后接名词或代词保持一致
1) 用half of, part of, most of, a portion of 等词引起主语时,动词通常与of后面的名词,代词保持一致。
Most of his money is spent on books.
Most of the students are taking an active part in sports.
2) 在一些短语,如 many a 或 more than one 所修饰的词作主语时,谓语动词多用单数形式。但由more than… of 作主语时,动词应与其后的名词或代词保持一致。
Many a person has read the novel. 许多人都读过这本书。
More than 60 percent of the students are from the city.百分之六十多的学生都来自这个城市
⑩ 英语主谓一致问题,求讲解。
选A, 首先看选项,B错误, 应该是have decided, 排除。再看题目考虑人称时态,many a+n . 谓语动回词用单数形式,但是答Many a student and many a teacher表示两个一起的个体,相当于复数形式,所以这里谓语动词用复数形式,排除D。C, are deciding 表示正在进行并持续一段时间的动作,这里decide 表”决定“是一个短暂性动词,不能用进行时表持续一段时间进行的动作,排除C,所以选A。