英语直接引语变间接引语的语法

Ⅰ 英语语法直接引语变间接引语

直接引语变间接引语
一、如何变人称：

学生在将直接引语变间接引语时。常常弄不清人称变化。下面有一句顺口溜“一随主。二随宾，第三人称不更新”。“一随主”是指在直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰。从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化如：

She said. "My brother wants to go with me. "→She said her brother wanted to go with her.

“二随宾”是指直接引语变间接引语时，若从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称。或被第二人你所修饰。从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。如果引号外的主句没有宾语。也可以用第一人称，如：

He said to Kate. "How is your sister now?"→He asked Kate how her sister was then。

“第三人称不更新”是指直接引语变间接引语时。如果从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰从句中的人称一般不需要变化如：

Mr Smith said。 "Jack is a good worker。"→Mr Smith said Jack was a good worker。

二、如何变时态：

直接引语在改为间接引语时、时态需要做相应的调整。
现在时它需改为过去时态；过去时态改为完成时；过去完成时则保留原来的时态。如：

1)She said. "I have lost a pen."→ She said she had lost a pen

2)She said. "We hope so."→ She said they hoped so.

3) She said. "He will go to see his friend。"→She said he would go to see his friend。

但要注意在以下几种情况下。在直接引语变为间接引语时，时态一般不变化。

①直接引语是客观真理。
"The earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth, the teacher told me. → The teacher told me the earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth。

②直接引语是过去进行时，时态不变。如：
Jack said. "John, where were you going when I met you in the street?"→ Jack asked John where he was going when he met him in the street。

③直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语，变为间接引语时，时态不变。如：

Xiao Wang said. "I was born on April 2l, 1980。" →Xiao Wang said he was born on April 20, 1980。

④直接引语如果是一般现在时。表示一种反复出现或习惯性的动作，变间接引语，时态不变。如：
He said, "I get up at six every morning。" →He said he gets up at six every morning。

⑤如果直接引语中的情态动词没有过去时的形式（例：ought to， had better, used to)和已经是过去时的形式时，（例：could, should, would, might）不再变。如：

Peter said. "You had better come have today。" →Peter said I had better go there that day。

三、如何变状语：
直接引语变间接引语，状语变化有其内在规津，时间状语由“现在”改为“原来”（例：now变为then, yesterday。变为 the day before）地点状语，尤其表示方向性的，或用指示代词修饰的状语，由“此”改为“彼”（例：this 改为that),如：
He said, "These books are mine." →He said those books were his.

四、如何变句型：
①直接引语如果是陈述句，间接引语应改为由that引导的宾语从句。如：She said, "Our bus will arrive in five minutes."→She said that their bus would arrive in five minutes.

②直接引语如果是反意疑问句，选择疑问句或一般疑问句，间接引语应改为由whether或if引导的宾语从句.如：He said, "Can you swim, John?" →He asked John if he could swim.

"You have finished the homework, haven‘t you?" my mother asked. →My mother asked me whether I had finished the homework.

"Do you go to school by bus or by bike?" →He asked me if I went to school by bus or by bike.

③直接引语如果是特殊问句，间接引语应该改为由疑问代词或疑问副词引导的宾语从句（宾语从句必须用陈述句语序）。
She asked me, "When do they have their dinner?"→ She asked me when they had their dinner.

④直接引语如果是祈使句，间接引语应改为"tell(ask, order, beg等) sb (not) to do sth."句型。如：
"Don’t make any noise," she said to the children. →She told (ordered) the children not to make any noise. "Bring me a cup of tea, please," said she.→She asked him to bring her a cup of tea.

⑤直接引语如果是以“Let‘s”开头的祈使句，变为间接引语时，通常用“suggest +动句词（或从句）。”如：
He said, "Let’s go to the film." →He suggested going to the film.或He suggested that they should go to see the film.

直接引语和间接引语详解
引述或转述别人的话称为“引语”。直接引用别人的原话，两边用引号“ “标出，叫做直接引语；用自己的语言转述别人的话，不需要引号这叫做间接引语，实际上间接引语大都是宾语从句（其中由祈使句转换的间接引语除外，其转换后是不定式）。那么直接引语为陈述句、一般疑问句、特殊疑问句和祈使句，转换为间接引语时，句子的结构，人称、时态、时间状语和地点状语等都要有变化，如何变化呢?

1、人称的转变
1）直接引语中的第一人称，一般转换为第三人称，如：
He said，“I am very sorry.” ——>He said that he was very sorry.
2）直接引语中的第二人称，如果原话是针对转述人说的，转换为第一人称，如：
“You should be more careful next time,” my father told me.——>
My father told me that I should be more careful the next time.
3）直接引语中的第二人称，如果原话是针对第三人称说的，转换成第三人称。如：
She said to her son, “I'll check your homework tonight.” ——>
She said to her son that she would check his homework that night.
4）人称的转换包括人称代词、物主代词和名词性物主代词等，如：
He asked me, “Will you go to the station with me to meet a friend of mine this afternoon?” ——>
He asked me whether I would go to the station with him to meet a friend of his that afternoon.
总之，人称的转换不是固定的，具体情况，具体对待，要符合逻辑。

2、时态的转换
直接引语改为间接引语时，主句中的谓语动词如果是过去时，从句（即间接引语部分）的谓语动词在时态方面要作相应的变化，变成过去时范畴的各种时态（实际也是宾语从句的时态要求），变化如下：
直接引语 间接引语 直接引语 间接引语
一般现在时 一般过去时 一般过去时 过去完成时
现在进行时 过去进行时 过去完成时 过去完成时
现在完成时 过去完成时 过去进行时 过去进行时
一般将来时 过去将来时
例如：
“I am very glad to visit your school”, she said. ——>
She said she was very glad to visit our school.
Tom said, “We are listening to the pop music.” ——>
Tom said that they were listening to the pop music.
Mother asked, “Have you finished your homework before you watch TV?” ——>
Mother asked me whether I had finished my homework before I watched TV.
He asked the conctor, “Where shall I get off to change to a No. 3 bus?” ——>
He asked the conctor where he would get off to change to a No. 3 bus.
“Why did she refuse to go there?” the teacher asked. ——>
The teacher asked why she had refused to go there.
Mother asked me, “Had you finished your homework before you watched TV?” ——>
Mother asked me whether I had finished my homework before I watched TV.
Tom said, “We were having a football match this time yesterday.” ——>
Tom said that they were having a football match that time the day before.
He said，“I haven't heard from my parents these days.” ——>
He said that he hadn't heard from his parents those days.

3、直接引语变成间接引语时，从句时态无须改变的情况
1）当主句的谓语动词是一般现在时的时候，如：
He always says, “I am tired out.” ——>He always says that he is tired out.
2）当主句的谓语动词是将来时的时候，如：
He will say, “I’ll try my best to help you.” ——>He will say that he will try his best to help me.
3）当直接引语部分带有具体的过去时间状语时，如：
He said, “I went to college in 1994.” ——>He told us that he went to college in 1994.
4）当直接引语中有以when, while引导的从句，表示过去的时间时，如：
He said，“When I was a child, I usually played football after school.” ——>
He said that when he was a child, he usually played football after school.
5）当直接引语是客观真理或自然现象时，如：
Our teacher said to us, “Light travels faster than sound.” ——>
Our teacher told us that light travels faster than sound.
6）当引语是谚语、格言时，如：
He said，“Practice makes perfect.” ——>He said that practice makes perfect.
7）当直接引语中有情态动词should, would, could, had better, would rather, might, must, ought to, used to, need时，如：
例如：
The doctor said, “You'd better drink plenty of water.” ——>
The doctor said I'd better drink plenty of water.
He said, “She must be a teacher.”——> He said that she must be a teacher.
He said, “She ought to have arrived her office by now.”——>
He said that she ought to have arrived her office by then.
The teacher said, “You needn't hand in your compositions today.”——>
The teacher said we needn't/didn't need to/didn't have to hand in our compositions.
She asked, “Must I take the medicine?”——> She asked if she had to take the medicine.
〔注〕：此处用had to代替must更好
8）此外转述中的变化要因实际情况而定，不能机械照搬，如果当地转述，here不必改为there, 动词come不必改为go，如果当天转述yesterday, tomorrow, this afternoon等均不必改变。如：
Teacher: You may have the ball game this afternoon.
Student : What did the teacher say, Monitor?
Monitor: He said we might have the ball game this afternoon.

4、时间状语、地点状语及某些对比性的指示代词和动词变化
1）时间状语：
直接引语 间接引语 直接引语 间接引语
now then tomorrow the next（following）day
today that day next week the next（following）week（month, year）
yesterday the day before two days ago two days before
last week （month, year） the week（month, year）before this week that week（month, year）
2）指示代词：these 变成those
3）地点状语：here变成there
She said, “I won't come here any more.”——> She said that she wouldn’t go there any more..
4）动词：come变成go，bring变成take

5、直接引语变成间接引语，句子结构的变化
1）陈述句。用连词that引导，that在口语中常省略。主句的谓语动词可直用接引语中的said, 也可用told来代替，注意，可以说said that, said to sb. that, told sb. that，不可直接说told that, 如：
He said, “I have been to the Great Wall.” ——>He said to us that he had been to the Great Wall.
He said, “I'll give you an examination next Monday.”——>
He told us that he would give us an examination the next Monday.（不可说told that）
此外主句中的谓语还常有：
repeat, whisper, answer, reply, explain, announce, declare, think等，又如：
He said，“I'm late because of the heavy traffic.”——> He explained to us that he was late because of the heavy traffic.
如果间接引语是由that引导的两个或两个以上的并列从句，第一个连词可以省略，以后的连词一般不省略，以免混乱。
The doctor said, “You are not seriously ill, You will be better soon.”——>
The doctor said（that）I was not seriously ill and that I would be better soon.
2）直接引语为一般疑问句，（也称是否疑问句，）间接引语用连词whether或if引导，原主句中谓语动词said要改为asked（me/him/us等），语序是陈述句的语序，这一点非常重要。
He said, “Do you have any difficulty with pronunciation?”——>
He asked（me）whether/if I had any difficulty with my pronunciation.
He said, “You are interested in English, aren't you?”——>
He asked whether I was interested in English.
3） 直接引语为选择疑问句，间接引语用whether…or…表达，而不用if…or…，也不用either…or…. 如：
He asked, “Do you speak English or French?”——>
He asked me whether I spoke English or French..
I asked, “Will you take bus or take train?”——>
I asked him whether he would take bus or take train.
4）直接引语为特殊疑问句，改成间接引语时，原来的疑问词作为间接引语的连词，主句的谓语动词用ask（sb.）来表达，语序改为陈述句语序。如：
He asked，“What's your name?”——> He asked（me）what my name was.
He asked us, “How many car factories have been built in your country?”——>
He asked us how many car factories had been built in our country.
5）直接引语为祈使句时，改为间接引语，用带to的不定式表达，谓语动词常是ask, advise, tell, warn, order, request等。如ask sb. to do，（由肯定祈使句变成）ask sb. not to do（由否定祈使句转变），并且在不定式短语中的时间状语、地点状语、人称及时态都作相应的变化。如：
He said，“Be seated, please.”——> He asked us to be seated.
“Do be careful with your handwriting.” He said. ——>
He told me to be careful with my handwriting.
“Never come here again!” said the officer nearby. ——>
The officer ordered the villagers never to go there again.
“Don't touch anything in the lab without permission,” the teacher said. ——>
The teacher warned the students not to touch anything in the lab without permission.
6）有些含有“建议”——>、“劝告”——>的祈使句，可用suggest, insist, offer等动词转述，如：
He said, “Let's have a rest.”——> He suggested our having a rest.
He said, “Let me help you.”——> He offered to help me.
7）当直接引语形式上是疑问句，有表示请求，建议意义时，可用ask sb. to do sth. /suggest doing/advise sb. to do sth. 等形式转述。如：
“Would you mind opening the door?” he asked. ——>He asked me to open the door.
“Why not going out for a walk?” he asked us. ——>
He advised us to go out for a walk. 或He suggested we go out for a walk.
8）直接引语是感叹句时，变间接引语可用what或how引导，也可用that引导，如：
She said, “What a lovely day it is!”——> She said what a lovely day it was. 或She said that it was a lovely day.

Ⅱ 请讲解英语中将直接引语变为间接引语的规则。

直接引语为特殊疑问句变间接引语形成宾语从句时，首先要注意用特殊疑问词，其后用陈述内语容序的句子，同时注意人称、时态、时间状语，连接词，语序的变化。报课在线英语培训跟着外教学英语，学习效果是很明显的。

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Ⅲ 初中英语语法 直接引语变间接引语

比如说："I like dancing."Lily said.

改为间接的话，那就是：Lily said she likes dancing.

就是把一个人说过的话复述一遍，没有了双引号。

Ⅳ 高中英语直接引语变间接引语的讲解

直接引语变间接引语其实好多情况。而且都是什么呢？都是这一个宾语从句。除版了直接引语是祈使句权以外，其他的都是变成宾语从句的。如果是一个祈使句，那就是变成了是动词不定式，这个是特别好变的。
只要你掌握啦宾语从句的变化。这个见解音乐也是很好做的。

Ⅳ 英语直接引语变间接引语的规则

1.宾语从句的主语：一随主，二随宾，三不变。
e.g.(1)She
said
"I
will
go
home
."
改：She
said
that
she
would
go
home.（一随主）
(2)She
said
to
me
"You
can
go
with
me.".
改She
said
to
me
that
I
could
go
with
her.(二不变)
(3)
She
said
to
me
"He
will
go
home."
改She
said
to
me
that
he
would
go
home.(三不变)
2.宾语从句中注意时态
1.若主语为一般过去时，则宾语从句的时态要变为过去的某一时态。
e.g.(1)He
said
"I
wil
go
home.“
改
He
said
that
he
would
go
home.(一般将来时改为过去将来时)
（2）He
said
"I
have
had
lunch."
改
He
said
that
he
had
had
lunch.(现在完成时改为过去完成时)
(3)He
said
"I
know
a
lot
about
the
teacher."
改He
said
that
he
knew
a
lot
about
the
teacher.(一般现在时改为一般过去时)
（4）He
said
"I
had
lunch."
He
said
that
he
had
had
lunch.(一般过去时改为过去完成时）
(5)He
said
"I
am
playing
games"
改He
said
that
he
was
playing
games.(现在进行时改为过去进行时）
特殊He
said
"The
earth
goes
around
the
sun."
改
He
said
that
the
earth
goes
aroung
the
sun.(当直接引语中表示客观事实时，时态不受主句影响）
3.直接引语变间接引语时，要注意时间状语的改变。
e.g.He
said
‘I
am
listening
to
music
now."
改He
said
that
he
was
listening
to
music
then.(此句中now改为then)
后面不举例了，时间状语按下面改就对了
now=then
today=that
day
tonight=that
night
this
morning\week=that
morning\week
tomorrow=the
following\next
day
yesterday=the
day
before
last
mouth
=the
month
before
ago=before
here=there
（上面左为直接引语中的时间状语，右为间接引语的时间状语）
4.最后是指示代词要变
this改为that
these改为those
好了，以上就是最基本的要点，你要好好记忆（我当时也是记了好久，做了好多题才熟练的），多做些题。

Ⅵ 英语语法中,直接引语与间接引语的时态变化 最好有例句..越详细越好..

楼上的非常详细,所以,我就简单列个表吧!直接引语间接引语时态一般现在时一般过去时 现在进行时过去进行时 现在完成时过去完成时 一般将来时过去将来时 一般过去时过去完成时指示代词this / thesethat / those 时间状语 nowtoday,tonighttomorrowthis week (month…)yesterdaylast week (month…)the day before yesterdaythe day after tomorrowthree days agonext weekthenthat day,that nightthe next / following daythat week (month...)the day beforethe week (month…)in two days beforein two days’ timethree days beforethe following / next week地点状语herethere动词comego 句式陈述句一般疑问句特殊疑问句选择疑问句祈使句that引导宾语从句whether/if引导宾语从句相应的疑问词引导的宾语从句whether…or引导宾语从句ask,tell + 宾语+to dothat引导宾语从句

Ⅶ 初中英语直接引语变间接引语详解

直接引语变成间接引语要注意以下三点：
1.时态变
如：如果直接引语用的内是一般现在时，变成间容接引语时要转换成一般过去时
2.人称变
如：根据性别进行相应的变化
3.状语变
如：yesterday变为the
day
before,here变为there.
望采纳

Ⅷ 英语直接引语变间接引语

不管直接引语中是什么时态，变为间接引语时，始终都要往后退一步。是的，要用过去完成进行时

Ⅸ 请把直接引语变间接引语<英语>

1、直接引语中，引号内是陈述句的，变间接引语时用that引导。如
he
said,"i'm
a
teacher".(这是一个直接引语的句子，而且引号内是陈述句，所以变为间接引语时用that引导，而且that可省略。)-----he
said
(that)
he
was
a
teacher.
2、直接引语中，引号内是一般疑问句的，变间接引语时用if引导宾语从句，而且要把疑问句语序变为陈述句语序。
she
asked,"are
you
chinese?"(这个是一个直接引语的句子，而且引号内是一个一般疑问句，所以变间接引语时用if引导。）－－－－he
asked
if
i
was
chinese.
3、直接引语中，引号内是特殊疑问句的，变间接引语时用疑问词来引导宾语从句，而且要把疑问句语序变为陈述句语序。
he
asked,"what's
that?"----he
asked
what
that
was
.
the
teacher
asked,"where
is
the
book?"-----the
teacher
asked
where
the
book
was.
my
mother
asked,"why
didn't
you
go
home
yesterday?"----my
mother
asked
why
i
hadn't
gone
home
the
day
before
yesterday.(这里做了时态、人称、时间状语的变化）