㈠ 七年级下册英语所有单元重点语法
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㈡ 七年级英语期中复习资料(有重点句型、每个单元的单词、语法)
初中英语语法知识难点大全
英语语法知识难点(一)
(一) 形容词和副词
I. 要点
A. 形容词
1、 形容词的用法
形容词是用来修饰、描绘名词的,通常在句中作定语、表语或宾补,有时还可作状语。如:
He is honest and hardworking.
I found the book interesting.
某些形容词与定冠词连用表示一类人作主语时,谓语通常用复数形式。如:
The rich and the poor live in different parts of the city.
The English like to be with their families.
多个形容词作定语修饰名词的顺序:
冠词+序数词+基数词+性质状态(描述性)+形状大小+新旧老少+颜色+国籍+材料+名词。如:
the second five interesting big new red Chinese wall papers.
2、 形容词比较等级的形式
(1) 规则形式
一般说来,单音节词及少数双音节词在后加-er; --est 来构成比较级和最高级;其他双音节词及多音节词在前加more, most.如:
great-greater-greatest
busy-busier-busiest
important-more important-(the)most important
(2) 不规则形式
good (well)-better-best
bad (ill)-worse-worst
many (much)-more-most
little-less-least
(3) 形容词比较等级的用法
①表示两者的比较,用形容词的比较级+than. 如:
He is cleverer than the other boys.
This one is more beautiful than that one.
②表示两者以上的比较,用"the +形容词最高级(+名词)+of(in) …"如:
He is the cleverest boy in his class.
③表示两者是同等程度,用"as +形容词原级+as". 如:
He is as tall as I.
I have as many books as you.
④ 越… 越…
例如:The more I learn, the happier I am.
⑤ You can never be too careful. 越小心越好
又如:You can never praise the teacher too highly.
你怎么赞扬这个老师也不过分。
⑥ I have never spent a more worrying day.
那一天是最令我担心的一天。
I have never had a better dinner.
这是我吃过的最好的一顿饭。
⑦ My English is no better than yours.
我的英语和你的英语都不怎么样。
B.副词
1、 副词的种类
(1) 时间副词 如:ago, before, already, just, now, early, late, finally, tomorrow等
(2) 地点副词 如:here, there, near, around, in, out, up, down, back, away, outside等。
(3) 方式副词 如:carefully, angrily, badly, calmly, loudly, quickly, politely, nervously等。
(4) 程度副词 如:almost, nearly, much, greatly, a bit, a little, hardly, so, very等。
2、 副词比较等级的用法
其用法与形容词相似,只是副词最高级前可省略定冠词。如:
Of all the boys he sings (the) most beautifully.
We must work harder.
3、 某些副词在用法上的区别
(1) already, yet, still
already表示某事物已经发生,主要用于肯定句;yet表示期待某事发生,主要用于否定句和疑问句;still表示某事还在进行,主要用于肯定句和疑问句,有时也可用于否定句。如:
We've already watched that film.
I haven't finished my homework yet.
He still works until late every night.
(2) too, as well, also, either
too, as well和 also用于肯定句和疑问句,too和as well多用于口语,一般放在句末,而also多用于书面语,一般放在句中与动词连用。either用于否定句和否定的疑问句,往往放在句末。如:
He went there too.
He didn't go there either.
I like you as well.
I also went there.
(3) hard, hardly
hardly意为"几乎"与hard在词义上完全不同。如:
I work hard every day.
I can hardly remember that.
(4) late, lately
lately意为"最近、近来",late意为"晚、迟"。如:
He never comes late.
Have you been to the museum lately?
II. 例题
例1 Tom's father thinks he is already ____
A high enough B tall enough
C enough high C enough tall
解析:该题正确答案是B。修饰人高用tall, 而建筑物的高用high,并且enough修饰形容词要放在形容词后面。因此该题选B。
例2 ____ the worse I seem to be.
A When I take more medicine
B The more medicine I take
C Taking more of the medicine
D More medicine taken
解析:该题正确答案为B。"the+形容词比较级+… , the +形容词比较级+…"意为越…,越…。该句意为:吃的药越多,我的病越是加重。
例3"I haven't been to London yet".
"I haven't been there ____".
A too B also C either D neither
解析:该题正确答案为C。A和B都用于肯定句中。D-neither本身意为否定"两者都不",而C-either则用于否定句中,意为"也"。
例4 Mr Smith was ____ moved at the news.
A deep B deeply C very deep D quite deeply
解析:该题正确答案为B。A. deep用于副词时,修饰具体的深,如dig deep,而B-deeply则修饰表示感情色彩的词,如该题为deeply moved.另如deeply regret等。而D-quite和deeply均为副词,不能互相修饰。
(二) 介词
I. 要点
1、介词和种类
(1) 简单介词,常用的有at, in, on, about, across, before, beside, for , to, without等。
(2) 复合介词,如by means of, along with, because of, in front of, instead of等。
2、介词和其他词类的习惯搭配关系
(1) 和动词的搭配,如agree with, ask for, belong to, break away from, care about等。
(2) 和形容词的搭配,如afraid of, angry with, different from, good at
(3) 和名词的搭配,如answer to , key to, reason for, cause of, visit to等.
3、介词短语可以有自己的修饰语,这种修饰语通常有right, just, badly, all, well, directly, completely等少数几个副词。如:
He came right after dinner.
He lives directly opposite the school.
4、 某些介词的意义与用法举例
(1) at, on, in(表时间)
表示时间点用at,如at four o'clock, at midnight等;表示不确定的时间或短期假日也用at,如at that time, at Christmas等。
指某天用on, 如on Monday, on the end of November, 指某天的朝夕用on,如on Friday morning, on the afternoon of September lst等。
指长于或短于一天的时段用in,如in the afternoon, in February, in Summer, in 1999等。
(2) between, among(表位置)
between仅用于二者之间,但说三者或三者以上中的每两个之间的相互关系时,也用between, 如
I'm sitting between Tom and Alice.
The village lies between three hills.
among用于三者或三者以上之间。如:
He is the best among the students.
(3) beside, besides
beside意为"在…旁边",而besides意为"除…之外"。如:
He sat beside me.
What do you want besides this?
(4)in the tree, on the tree
in the tree 指动物或人在树上,而on the tree 指果实、树叶长在树上
(5)on the way, in the way, by the way, in this way
on the way 指在路上 in the way 指挡道
by the way 指顺便问一句 in this way 用这样的方法
(6)in the corner, at the corner
in the corner 指在拐角内 at the corner 指在拐角外
(7)in the morning, on the morning
in the morning 是一般说法 on the morning 特指某一天的早晨
(8)by bus, on the bus
by bus 是一般说法 on the bus 特指乘某一辆车
II. 例题
例1 Do you know any other foreign language____ English?
A except B but C beside D besides
解析:A、B两项except等于but,意为"除了…",C-beside意为"在…旁边",不符合题意。而D-besides, 意为"除了…之外,还有"。所以该题正确答案为D。该题意为:除了英语外,你还知道别的语言吗?
例2 He suddenly returned ____ a rainy night.
A on B at C in D ring
解析:我们均知道,at night这一短语,但如果night前有修饰词,表具体的夜晚,则要用介词on来修饰,故该题正确答案为A。
例3 I'm looking forward ____your letter.
A to B in C at D on
解析:该题正确答案为A。look forward to 为固定搭配,意为"期望、盼望"。(三) 连词
I. 要点
1、 连词的种类
(1) 并列连词用来连接并列关系的词、短语或分句,如and, for, or, both…and, either…or, neither…nor等。
(2) 从属连词用来引导从句,如that, if, whether, when, after, as soon as等。
除了从属连词(引导状语从句)外,还有其它可以用来引导从句的词类。它们是连接代词和连接副词(引导名词性从句),关系代词和关系副词(引导定语从句)。
2、 常用连词举例
(1)and 和,并且
They drank and sang all night.
(2) both…and 和, 既…也…
Both my parents and I went there.
(3) but 但是,而
I'm sad, but he is happy.
(4) either…or 或…或…, 要么…要么…
Either you're wrong, or I am.
(5) for因为
I asked him to stay, for I had something to tell him.
(6) however 然而,可是
Af first, he didn't want to go there. Later, however, he decided to go.
(7) neither…nor 既不…也不
Neither my parents nor my aunt agrees with you.
(8) not only…but(also) 不但…而且…
He not only sings well, but also dances well.
(9) or 或者,否则
Hurry up, or you'll be late.
Are you a worker or a doctor?
(10) so 因此,所以
It's getting late, so I must go.
(11) although 虽然
Although it was late, they went on working.
(12) as soon as 一 …就
I'll tell him as soon as I see him.
(13) because 因为
He didn't go to school, because he was ill.
(14)unless 除非,如果不
I won't go unless it is fine tomorrow.
(15)until 直到…
He didn't leave until eleven. (瞬间动词用于not… until 结构)
He stayed there until eleven.
(16)while 当…时候,而 (表示对比)
While I stayed there, I met a friend of mine. (while后不可用瞬间动词)
My pen is red while his is blue.
(17)for 因为
He was ill, for he didn't come. (结论是推断出来的)
(18)since自从…
I have lived here since my uncle left.
(19)hardly… when 一… 就
I had hardly got to the station when the train left.
(20)as far as 就… 来说
As far as I know, that country is very small.
You may walk as far as the lake. (一直走到湖那里)
II. 例题
例1 John plays football ____, if not better than, David.
A as well B as well as C so well D so well as
解析:该题意为:John踢足球如果不比David好的话,那也踢得和David一样好。 和…一样好为as well as. 故该题正确答案为B。
例2 She thought I was talking about her daughter, ____, in fact, I was talking about my daughter.
A when B where C which D while
解析:该处意为"然而",只有while有此意思,故选D。
例3 Would you like a cup of coffee ____ shall we get down to business right away?
A. and B. then C. or D. otherwise
解析:该处意为"或者",正确答案为C。
㈢ 七年级上半学期英语期末考试语法复习
楼主好
七年级上短语复习
1.早上好 good morning
晚安 good night
2.我的姐姐(妹妹) my sister
我的哥哥(弟弟)my brother
我的堂兄妹 my cousin
3.我的狗 my dog 我的猫my cat
4.我的双胞胎哥哥(弟弟) my twin brother
5 .你的名字your name 他的名字 his name
她的名字 her name 它的名字 its name
6.一张我的全家福a photo of my family
一张Jim的全家照 a photo of Jim’s family
10. 父亲的工作father’s job
11. 母亲的工作mother’s job
12. 多大,几岁 how old
13. 兴奋的 / 悲伤的 be (happy / sad)
14.有礼貌有乐于助人polite and helpful
15.大又强壮big and strong
16.又小又瘦small and thin
17.一位高挑苗条的妇女
a tall and slim woman
18.一位娇小可爱的女孩
a small and pretty girl
19.谢谢你thank you=(many) thanks
感谢某人 thank sb 谢谢他 thank him
20.两个新朋友two new fiends
21.矮又苗条short and slim
22.来自于be from=come from
23.来自于英国be from England
24.来自于美国be from America
25 来自中国 be from China
26.高又强壮tall and strong
27 熟悉这个男孩 know this boy
28. 看一看have a look
看一看你的新手表
have a look at your new watch
29 让某人看一看某物
Let sb (宾格) have a look at sth.
30 让他们看一看我们的新学校
Let them have a look at our new school
31.好朋友good friend(s)
32.他们的狗 their dog
33.看look at
看着图片 look at the picture
看着某人 look at sb (宾格)
看着我/ 她 look at me / her
34.我的所有的新同学
all (of) my new classmates
35.开门open the door
别开窗户 Don’t open the window(s)
36.关门close the door
别合上盒子 Don’t close the box
37.站起来,起立stand up
38.坐下sit down
39.翻书(打开书)open the book
40.关书包close the school bag
41.擦窗户clean the window(s)
别擦门/课桌 Don’t clean the door/desk
42 去公园 go to the park
去上学go to school
43. 迟到be late
44. 上学/上课迟到 be late for school / class
45.不要再迟到Don’t be late again
46.在一班in Class One
在一年级 in Grade One
47.在我的班上in my class
在课堂上 in class
48.在墙上on the wall
在教室的墙上 on the wall of the
classroom
49.在教室里in the classroom
50.在黑板上on the blackboard
51.在课桌上on the desk
52.在椅子后面behind the chair
53.讲台teacher’s desk
在讲台上on the teacher’s desk
54 参观我的学校 visit my school
55.在第一中学学习
study in No. 1 Middle School
56.十张小课桌ten small desks
57.在我学校里in my school
58.一间美术室an art room
59.在美术室in the art room
60.非常兴奋very happy
61.十九本新书nineteen new books
62.二十位学生twenty students
63.一间电脑室a computer room
64.一个足球场a football field
65.多少间教室how many classrooms
65.多少 how many
how many 可数名词的复数形式
66.在你的学校里in your school
67.在A楼in Building A
68.只有一个only one
69.两百个学生tow hundred students
70.一座漂亮的花园a beautiful garden
71.在我的学校里in my school
72.在底楼(一楼)on the ground floor
在二楼 on the first floor
在地板上 on the floor
73.一些图书馆some libraries
74.阅览室reading room
75.一个篮球场a basketball court
76.餐厅dining hall
77.非常大very big
78.一些操场some playground
79.当然of course
80.在我们的学校里in our school
81.一张你们学校的照片a picture(photo)of your school
82.在小山之间between the hills
83.在商店旁边beside the shop
84.在椅子下面under the chair
85.在大门的前面in front of the gate
86.爬树climb the tree
87.喂鸟feed the birds
88.摘花pick the flowers
89.在湖里游泳swim in the lake
90.在操场上on the playground
91.在树上in the tree (指外来事物)
on the tree ( 指树上长出来的东西)
92. 在左边 on the left
在……的左边 on the left of……
在动物园的左边 on the left of the zoo
在右边 on the right
在……的右边on the right of……
在超市的右边
on the right of the supermarket
93. 在某人的左边/右边 on one’s left / right 在他们的左边/右边 on their left / right
94.一些花儿some flowers
一些鸟some birds
95.在……中间in the middle of
在公园的中间in the middle of the park
96.一些孩子some children
97.在操场的前面in front of the playground
98.一些小船some boats
99.在草坪上走walk on the grass
100.关大门close the gate
101.错过一次机会miss a turn
102.吃冰淇淋have an ice-cream
103. 别在草坪上行走
Don’t walk on the grass.
104.开着的 be open 关着的 be closed
105.他的蓝牛仔裤 his blue jeans
她的粉红色毛衣 her pink sweater
106.拿好你们的风筝 take your kites
107.你的袜子在这儿 here are your socks
108.坐在白色小汽车里的男人
the man in the white car
109.在树后的女孩 the girl behind the tree
110. 几位男/女生 some boy /girl students
几个男/女医生 some men / women doctors
几棵苹果/橘子树 some apple / orange trees
㈣ 人教版七年级英语下册单词、短语、语法复习
1. 他轻轻走出教室,因为他惟恐打扰了他人.
He went out of the classroom quietly ____________________________________________.
2. 在下雨,恐怕火车不能准点到了。
It’s raining. ____________________________________________. on time.
3. 今天他早起了一点,这样上学就不会迟到了。
He got up a little earlier so that ____________________________________________.
4. 帮助别人也会给我们自己带来很多快乐。
Helping others ____________________________________________.
5. 大部分青少年喜欢上网。
Most of the teenagers ____________________________________________.
6. 你介意帮我一把吗?盒子太沉了。
____________________________________________.? The box is too heavy.
7. 现在已是春天,天气越来越暖和了。
It’s spring now. The weather ____________________________________________.
8. 我们每天都应该帮父母做家务。
We’re supposed to____________________________________________.
9. 你愿意花时间志愿帮助老人吗?
____________________________________________. help the old?
10. 我喜欢流行歌曲。他们总让我激动。
I like pop songs. They always ____________________________________________.
11. Sam喜欢运动,而Tom喜欢静静地读书。
Sam likes playing sports, ____________________________________________.
12. 我们来踢足球吧。
我有一点累了,我愿意睡一会儿。
--- ____________________________________________.
--- I’m a little tired. ____________________________________________. for a while.
13. 大部分人都喜欢音乐。有的人喜欢可以随之哼唱的音乐,有的人则喜欢可以随之起舞的音乐。
Most people like music. ____________________________________________.they can sing
along with, ____________________________________________.
14. 我刚才听见有人在走廊大声说话。
I ____________________________________________. in the hallways just now.
15. 连续学习三个多小时后,Amy停下来休息。
After____________________________________________. for more than three hours, Amy ____________________________________________.
16. 别爬树了。危险。
____________________________________________.It’s dangerous!
17. 下周日是妈妈的生日了。给她一个让她想不到的礼物如何
Next Sunday is mother’s birthday. ____________________________________________.?
18. 您能给我们一些假期的建议吗?
____________________________________________. for the vacation?
Key:
1. He went out of the classroom quietly because he was afraid of troubling others.
2. It’s raining. I’m afraid that the train can’t arrive on time.
3. He got up a little earlier so that he wouldn’t be late for school today.
4. Helping others brings us a lot of happiness as well.
5. Most of the teenagers enjoy surfing the Internet.
6. Do you mind giving me a hand? The box is too heavy.
7. It’s spring now. The weather is getting warmer and warmer.
8. We’re supposed to help parents do some chores every day.
9. Would you like to volunteer your time to help the old?
10. I like pop songs. They always make me excited.
11. Sam likes playing sports, while Tom enjoys reading quietly.
12. --- Let’s play football.
--- I’m a little tired. I like to sleep for a while.
13. Most people like music. Some like music they can sing along with, others like music they can
dance to.
14. I heard someone talk loudly in the hallways just now.
15. After keeping studying for more than three hours, Amy stopped to have a rest.
16. Stop climbing the tree. It’s dangerous!
17. Next Sunday is mother’s birthday. How about giving her a surprise gift?
18. Could you please give us some suggestions for the vacation?
be afraid of doing sth / that
be famous / late / ready / sorry for
buy / give /show / send / pass / bring / lend / tell sb sth
enjoy / hate / finish / mind / keep / go on doing sth
get + 比较级
help sb (to) do / help sb with
Would you like to …?
keep / make sth + adj.
like to do / like doing
make / let sb (not) do sth
One … the other … / Some … others …
see / hear sb do (doing) sth
stop to do / stop doing
What about / How about …?
Will (Would, Could) you please …?
㈤ 七年级下册英语语法及重点句型
人教版新目标英语七年级(下)各单元知识概要 Unit 1 Where’s your pen pal from? 一、词组 be from= come form 来自... pen pal=pen friend 笔友 like and dislike 好恶;爱憎 live in….在...居住 speak English 讲英语 play sports 做体育运动 a little French 一些法语 go to the movies 去看电影 an action movie 一部动作片 on weekends 在周末 Excuse me 对不起,打扰 get to 到达、抵达 beginning of 在...开始的时候 at the end of 在...结束的时候 arrive at / 二、句型 (1)、Where主 +be+主语+from? 主语+be+from+地点. (2)、Where do/does+主语+live? 主语+live/lives in… (3)、What language do/does +主语+speak? 主语+speak/speaks…. (4)、主语+like/likes+doing… 三、日常交际用语 1-Where is your pen pal from? -He’s from China. 2-Where does she live? --She lives in Tokyo. 3-Does she speak English? -Yes,she does/No,she dosen’t. 4-Is that your new pen pal? -Yes,he is /No,he isn’t. 5-What language does she speak? -She speaks English. Unit 2 Where’s the post office 一、词组 post office 邮局 pay phone 投币式公用电话 next to 在...隔壁 across from 在...对面 in front of 在...前面 between…and… 在...和...之间 on a street 在街上 in the neighborhood 在附近 on the right/left 在右边/在左边 on one’s right/left 在某人的右边/左边 turn right/left 向右/左转 take a walk 散步 have fun 玩得开心 the way to …去...的路 take a taxi 打的/乘出租车 go down(along)…沿着...走 go through...穿过... have a good trip 旅途愉快
㈥ 人教版七年级英语下册重点短语总汇,语法总结。
人教版新目标英语七年级(下)各单元知识概要
Unit 1 Where’s your pen pal from?
一、词组
be from= come form 来自...
pen pal=pen friend 笔友
like and dislike 好恶;爱憎
live in….在...居住
speak English 讲英语
play sports 做体育运动
a little French 一些法语
go to the movies 去看电影
an action movie 一部动作片
on weekends 在周末
Excuse me 对不起,打扰
get to 到达、抵达
beginning of 在...开始的时候
at the end of 在...结束的时候
arrive at /
二、句型
(1)、Where主 +be+主语+from?
主语+be+from+地点.
(2)、Where do/does+主语+live?
主语+live/lives in…
(3)、What language do/does +主语+speak?
主语+speak/speaks….
(4)、主语+like/likes+doing…
三、日常交际用语
1-Where is your pen pal from?
-He’s from China.
2-Where does she live?
--She lives in Tokyo.
3-Does she speak English?
-Yes,she does/No,she dosen’t.
4-Is that your new pen pal?
-Yes,he is /No,he isn’t.
5-What language does she speak?
-She speaks English.
Unit 2 Where’s the post office
一、词组
post office 邮局
pay phone 投币式公用电话
next to 在...隔壁
across from 在...对面
in front of 在...前面
between…and… 在...和...之间
on a street 在街上
in the neighborhood 在附近
on the right/left 在右边/在左边
on one’s right/left 在某人的右边/左边
turn right/left 向右/左转
take a walk 散步
have fun 玩得开心
the way to …去...的路
take a taxi 打的/乘出租车
go down(along)…沿着...走
go through...穿过...
have a good trip 旅途愉快
二、句型
(1)、Is there a bank near here?
Yes,there is .It’s on Centre Street.
No,there isn’t.
(2)、Where’s the sumpermarket?
It’s next to the library.
(3)、Bridge Street is a good place to have fun.
(4)、I hope you have a good trip.
(5)、If you are hungry,you can buy food in the restaurant.
(6)、Talk a walk though the park..
(7)、enjoy后接名词或动词-ing形式.
Do you enoy(=like) your work?
Do you enjoy(=like) living in the city?
三、日常交际用语
(1)、Is there a ….?句型Eg:
-Excuse me.Is there a hotel in the neighborhood.
-Yes, there is. No.there isn’t
(2)、Where is …?句型Eg:
-Where is the park,please?
-It’s behind the bank.(肯定回答)
-I’m sorry I don’t know. (否定回答)
(3)、Which is the way to +地点? 句型.例如:
- Which is the way to the library.
(4)、How can I get to +地点?句型.例如:
-How can I get to the restaurant?
(5)、Can you tell me the way to +地点?句型.例
- Can you tell me the way to the post office?
(6)、Let me tell you the way to my house.
(7)、Just go straight and turn left.
Unit 3 Why do you like koalas?
一、词组
want to do sth .想要做某事
want sb to do sth 想要某做某事
want sth 想要某物
Let sb do sth 让某人做某事
kind of 有几分\种类
a kind of 一种…
…years old …年龄 如:ten years old 十岁
like to do sth 喜欢做某事
like doing sth
play with … 与...一起玩
be quiet 安静
ring the day 在白天
at night 在夜间
have a look at.. 看...
one…the other 一个...另一个...
二、句型
(1)、-why do you like pandas?
-Because they’re very cure.
(2)、-Why dose he like koalas?
-Because they are kind of interesting.
(3)、-Where are lions from?
-Lions are from South Africa.
(4)、-What animals do you like?
-I like elephants.
三、日常交际用语
(1)、-Let’s see the lions.
(2)-Why do you want to see the lions?
-Becase they are very cute.
(3)-Do you like giraffes?
Yes,I do./ No,I don’t
(4)-What other animal do you like?
_I like dogs.too
other+ 名词的复数.表示没有特定的数量范围
the other+名词的复数表示有特定的数量范围.
(5)-Why are you looking at me?
-Because you are very cute.
(6)-Let us play games. –Great!
Let me see.
Unit 4 I want to be an actor.
一、词组
want to be+职业 想要成为。。。
shop assistant 店员
bank clerk 银行职员
work with 与。。。一起工作
work hard 努力工作
work for 为。。。而工作
work as 作为。。而工作
get.. from…从。。。获得。。。
give sth.to.sb /give.sb.sth 把某物给某人
正确的表示:give it/them to sb.
错误的表示:give sb.it/them
in the day 在白天
at night 在夜间
talk to /with 与…讲话
go out to dinners 外出吃饭
in a hospital 在医院
newspaper reporter 报社记者
movie actor 电影演员
二、句型
(1)-What do/does+某人+do?
例:-What do you do?-I’m a student.
-What dose he do? He’s a teacher.
(2)-What do/does+某人+want to be?
例:What do you want to be?-I want to be a teacher.
-What does she want to be ?She want to be a nuser.
(3)-Where does your sister work?
-She works in a hospital.
(4)-Does he work in the hospiat
Yes.he does/No,he doesn’t
(5)-Does she work late?
-Yes,she does/No.she doesn’t
(6)-英语中询问职业的几种表达方式:
What do/does …do?
What is…? What is your father?
What’s one’s job?例:What’s your father’s job?
Unit 5 I’m watching TV.
一、词组
do homework 做家庭作业
watch TV 看电视
eat dinner 吃饭;就餐
clean the room 打扫房间
read newspaper/a book 看报纸/看书
go to the movies 看电影
write a letter 写信
wait for 等待;等候
talk about 谈论。。。。
play basketball/soccer/ 打篮球/踢足球
take photos 拍照
TV show 电视节目
Some of。。。 。。。中的一些
a photo of my family 我的家庭照
at school 在学校
be with 和。。。一起
in the tree 在树上
二、句型
(1)-What+be+主语+doing? ….正在做什么?
-主语+be+doing。。。 …正在做某事。
例: -what are you doing?
-I’m doing my homework.
(2)-Thanks for … 为。。。而感谢
例:Thanks for your letter.
(3)-Here are/is…
例:Here are some of my photos.
Here is a photo of my family.
(4)-That sounds good.
(5)-This TV show is boring.
三、日常交际用语
(1)-Do you want to go to the movices? –Sure.
(2)-When do you want to go? –Let’s go at seven.
(3)-Where do people play basketball? –At school.
(4)-What’s he waiting for?-He’s waiting for a bus.
(5)-What’s he reading? He’s reading a newspaper.
1)现在在进行时的形式是:
助动词be(am,is,are)+动词-ing形式(也叫现在分词),表示现在(说话的瞬间)正在进行或发生的动作。
2)现在进行时的肯定句形式
主语+be(am,is,are)+动词现在分词+其他
I’m watching TV.
3)现在进行时的否定句形式
主语+be(am,is,are)+not+动词现在分词+其他
They are not playing soccer.
4)现在进行时的一般疑问句形式及回答:
Is(am,are)+主语+动词现在分词+其他?
Yes,主语+is/am/are. No,主语+isn’t/aren’t/am not.
Are you reading? Yes,I am. No,I am not.
5) 现在进行时的特殊疑问句形式:
特殊疑问词+is/am/are+主语+现在分词+其他?
例:What is your brother doing?
6) 动词+ing形式(现在分词)的构成.
1一般情况下在动词词结尾加-ing.
如: eat--eating, do—doing,clean—cleaning,
play—playing,
2以不发音的元音字母e结尾的动词,先去掉e再加-ing.
如:take--taking,write—writing,have-having
come—coming.dance--dancing
3词尾如果是以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词.应该先双写这个辅音字母,再加-ing.
如:run—runing,sit—sitting ,swim—swimming.
Shop—shopping.put—putting,sit—sitting
Unit 6 It’s raning!
一、词组
Around The World 世界各地
On vacation 度假
Take photos 拍照
On the beach 在海边
a group of people 一群人
play beach volleyball 打沙滩排球
be surprised 惊讶的
be surprised at sth./sb.对某人或某人感到惊讶
in this heat 在酷暑中
be relaxed 放松
have a good time 玩得很痛快
in different kind of weather 在不同的天气里
Thank sb for(doing)sth由于(做)某事而感谢某人
How’s it going? 近况如何
Some…others…一些…另一些…
Look like..看起来像。。。
二、句型/日常交际用语
(1)-How’s the weather(+地点)? –It’s raining?
(2)-What’s the weather like?—It’s sunny./It’s cold and snowing.
(3)-How’s it going? –Great./Not bad.
(4)Thanks you for joining CCTV’s Around The World show?
(5)-Is Aunt Wang there? –Yes,she is/No,she isn’t
Unit 7 What dose he look like?
一、词组
look like 看起来像....
curly /short/straight/long hair 卷/短/直发
medium height/build 中等高度/身体
a little bit 一点儿…
a pop singer 一位流行歌手
play的用法。
wear glasses 戴眼镜
have a new look 呈现新面貌
go shopping 去购物
the captain of the basketball team 篮球队队长
Nobody knows me 没有人认识我
二、句型
1) --What does he look like?
--He’s really short.He has short hair.
2) --She has beautiful,long black hair.
3) --I don’t think he’s so great .
4) --What do you look like? I’m tall.I’m thin.
5) --What do they look like?-
--They are medium height.
6) --She never stops talking.
--Stop doing(sth)表示停止正在干的事.
如:He stop listening
--stop to do (sth)表示停下来去做某事
如:He stops to listen.
7)I can go shopping and nobody knows me.
Unit 8 I’d like some noodles.
1.词组
would like 想要
a large/medium/small bowl 大碗/中碗/小碗
what size 什么尺寸
orange juice 桔汁
green tea 绿茶
phone number 电话号码
as well as 而且
what kind of 表示….的种类
a kind of 一种…
some kind of 许多种…
a bowl of rice 一碗米饭
a bottle fo orange juice 一瓶桔子汁
three oranges 三个桔子(可数)
a bottle fo orange j 一瓶桔子汁(不可数)
some chicken 一些鸡肉(不可数)
three chickens 三只小鸡(可数)
二\句型
1)What kind of … would you like? 你想要…?
EG:--What kind of noodles would you like?
--Beef and tomato noodles. please.
2)We have lare ,medium,and small bowls.
3)I like mplings,I don’t lkee noodles.
三\日常交际用语
(1)—Can I help you?
--I’d like some noodles.please.
(2)--what kind of noodles would you like?
--I’d like mutton and potato noodles. Please.
( 3)—Would you like a cup fo green tea?
--Yes,please./No,thanks
would like后面还可以跟不定式.即:
A:would like to do.sth.想要做某事.
He would like to see you today.
B:would like sb.to.do.sth.想要某人做某事
What would you like me to do.
Unit 9 How was your weekend?
一、词组
do one’s homework 做某人的家庭作业
如:do my homework 做我的家庭作业
play +运动或棋类
如:play soccer 踢足球 play chess 下棋
play +乐器 如:play the guitar 弹吉他
go to the movies 去看电影
do some reading 阅读
study for the (math) test 准备(数学)考试
stay at home 呆家里
go to summer camp 去夏令营
go to the mountains 去爬山
visit sb 拜访某人
go shopping 去购物
last month 上个月
three days ago 三天前
yesterday 昨天
look for 寻找
go for a walk 散步
in the morning/afternoon/evening 在早上/在下午/在晚上
play computer games 玩电脑游戏
It was time to do sth 该。。。的时候了
二、句型
(1)I visited my aunt last weekend.
(2)-- How was your weekend?
--It was great./OK
(3)—It was time to go home.
三、日常交际用语
(1)—What did you do last weekend?
--On Saturday morning,I played teenis.
(2)—How was your weekend?
--It was great.I went to the brach.
一般过去时态
一般过去时态表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态,动词通常用一般过去式来表示,除动词be的过去式was/were有人称变化,其他都没人称的变化.
过去式的构成
(1) 一般情况下在动词词尾加-ed.如:
stay—stayed help—helped visit-visited
(2) 词尾是e的动词加-d.
如:like—liked live—lived
(3) 以一个元音字母加一个辅音结尾的重读闭章节应双写该辅音字母,再加-ed.如:
stop—stopped plan—planned
(4) 以辅音字母+y结尾的动词,要将y改为i再加-ed.如: study—studied worry—worried
(5) 不规则动词的过去
am/is—was are—were have-had
go—went find—found do—did see-saw
Unit 10 Where did you go on vacation?
一、词组
ptetty good 相当好;不错
in the conner 在角落
kind of boring 有点无聊
be lost 迷路
feel happy 感到高兴
be fun 很有趣
on vacation 在度假
Central Park 中央公园
the Great Wall 长城
the Palace Museum 故宫
Tian’an Men Square 天安门广场
二、句型
(1)—Where did you go on vacation?
--I went to the breach.
(2)—How was the weather?
--It was hot and humid.
(3)--It was kind of boring
(4)—That made me feel very happy.
(5)--We had great fun playing in the water.
--have great fun doing sth表示“愉快地做某事”,“做某事很有趣”
(6)I helped him find his father.That made me feel very happy.
help sb.(to)do.sth.帮助某人做某事(to可省)
make sb.do.sth. 使某人做某事
let sb.do.sth.
Let me help you carry(搬动) it.
(7)I found a small boy crying in the conner.
find sb.doing sth.发现某人正在做某事。
find sb.do.sth.发现某人做某事(整个过程)
Unit 11 What do you think of game shows?
一、词组
talk show 谈话节目
soap opera 肥皂剧
sports show 体育节目
game show 比赛节目
think of 认为
how about… …怎么样?=what about…
in fact 事实上
a thirteen-year-old boy 一个十三岁的男孩= The boy is thirteen years old
talk to(with)… 跟 …谈话
thanks for… 为…感谢
each student 每个学生
key ring 钥匙链
baseball cap 棒球帽
the school magazine 校刊
can’t stand 不能忍受
don’t mind 不介意/无所谓/不在乎
二、句型
(1)—What do you think of situation comedy?
-- I love them
(2)—I asked students about fashion.
(3)—This is what I think.
(4)--I don’t mind what young people think of me!
(5)—Can you please put my letter in next month’s magazine?
三、日常交际用语
(1)—What do you think of suop operas?
--- I love them/I don’t mind them/I can’t stand them/I don’t like.
(2)—How about you? ---I do.too.
(3)--What do you think of …?
--=How do you like…?
如:What do you think of the picture?
=How do you like the picture?
Unit 12 Don’t eat in class.
一、词组
school rules 学校规章制度
break the rules 违反规章制度
in the hallways 在过道
listen to music 听音乐
in the music room 在音乐教室里
in the dining hall 在餐厅
sports shoes 运动鞋
gym class 体育课
after school 放学后
have to do 不得不做
too many 太多
get up 起床
by ten o’clock 十点之前
make dinner 做饭
the children’s palace 少年宫
二、句型
(1)—Don’t arrive late for class.
(2)—We can’t listen to music in the hallways,but we can listen to it outside.
(3)—What else do you have to do?
-- We have to clean the classroom.
(4)--Can we wear hats in school?
--Yes,we can/ No,we can’t.
(5)-Do you have to wear a uniform at school?
-Yes,we do /No,we don’t.
重难点精析
祈使句
通常用来表示命令、请求、禁止、建议、警告等语气。它的主语you(听话人)通常省略。其构成通常有以下几种形式。
1)Be型(即系动词原型be+表语+其他)。
如:Be quiet,please.
否定句Don’t + be+表语+其他。
如:Don’t be angry.
2)Do型(即系动词原形+宾语+其他)。如:
Open you books,please.
否定句Don’t +实义动词原形+宾语+其他。
如:Don’t eat in the classroom.
3)Let型(即Let+宾语+动词原形+其他)如:
Let me help you.
Let’s go at six o’clock.
否定句一般在宾语后加not。如:
Let’ not watch TV.
4)No+V-ing型(此种形式通常用于公共场合的提示语中,意为“禁止做某事“)如:
No smoking! 严禁吸烟!
No talking! 不许交谈!
No passing! 禁止通行!
No parking! 不许停车
㈦ 七年级下册期中考试 英语
七年级(上册)语文复习提纲
一、词汇积累(加点的要注音)
痴想 隐秘 凝成 喧腾 一瞬间 啜泣 纳罕 头晕目眩 小心翼翼 骚扰 小憩
糟蹋 庸碌 擎天撼地 迸溅 伫立 伶仃 忍俊不禁 仙露琼浆 蜂围蝶阵 盘虬卧龙
缀连 倔强 洗濯 玷污 诅咒 冉冉 雏形 繁弦急管 玲珑剔透 具体而微 慧心
嬉戏 闲适 禀告 厄运 心旷神怡 险象迭生 执著 鞭策 奢望 蹂躏 猝然长逝
酝酿 黄晕 抖擞 镶 水藻 贮蓄 澄清 逝川 湛蓝 唱和 玄奥 犬吠 凝神
津津乐道 丁丁 栖息 归泊 寥阔 枯涸 清洌 梦寐 竦峙 澹澹 骸骨 葱茏
峰峦 预兆 一霎间 狩猎 喑哑 静谧 窸窣 开膛破肚 海域 一叶孤舟 高插青冥
碧瓦飞甍 直接霄汉 黯然缥缈 一切乌有 丫杈 憔悴 肃杀 诀别 荡漾 嫌恶 什物 惊惶
瑟缩 傲然 虐杀 宽恕 恍然大悟 苦心孤诣 攥 逮 怦怦 寒颤 嫩芽 霎时 水波粼粼
罗摩衍那 匿笑 花瓣 沐浴 祷告 妄弃 至爱 炫耀 称职 妥当 头衔 爵士 骇人听闻
随声附和 缥缈 笼罩 疏星 女娲 澄澈 莽莽榛榛 嬉戏 哞哞 潺潺 孪生 痒酥 踉踉跄跄
二、课文理解
1、《在山的那边》选自《长江文艺》,作者王家新,这是一首现代诗,诗人运用象征的手法,取象于群山和大海。用大海比喻理想,用群山比喻重重困难,用爬山比喻艰苦奋斗。告诉人们:奔向理想的人生征途是漫长的,但是,只要百折不挠地坚持奋斗,理想境界终将实现。
2、《走一步,再走一步》的作者是美国作家莫顿·亨特,本文记叙的是“我”童年时一次“脱险”的经历。文章却蕴含着一个哲理:在人生道路上,不管面对怎样的艰难险阻,只要把大困难分解为小困难,一个一个地认真解决小困难,终将战胜巨大的困难,赢得最后的胜利。
3、《生命 生命》是香港女作家杏林子(本名刘侠)的一篇散文。这篇文章通过三个事例引出了对“生之欲望”、“生命力”和“生命”的感悟,并从不同的侧面引发出了三点思考:即必须对自己负责,好好地使用生命,让人生更有意义;要让有限的生命发挥了无限的价值,使我们活得更为光彩有力;要珍惜生命,珍惜时间,不懈努力,为生命奋斗,勇敢地活下去。
4、《紫藤萝瀑布》选自《铁箫人语》,是女作家宗璞的一篇散文。这篇文章通过对一树盛开的紫藤萝的驻足观赏,使原先的悲痛和焦虑化为宁静和喜悦。悟到“花和人都会遇到各种各样的不幸,但是生命的长河是无止境的”。不能让昨天的不幸把人压垮,每个人都应该像紫藤萝的花朵一样,以饱满的生命力,投身到生命的长河中去,在闪光的花的河流上航行。
5、《童趣》选自清代文学家沈复《浮生六记》中的“闲情记趣”一章,本文的主旨是写作者儿时的“物外之趣”。
6、《理想》是诗人流沙河的一首现代哲理诗。这首诗从理想的历史意义、人格意义和人生意义三个方面告诉人们:人生要有理想,只要树立了理想,并为之不懈地奋斗,就会取得丰硕的收获。
7、《短文两篇》中的《行道树》是由台湾女作家张晓风所作。这篇文章借行道树的自白,抒写了奉献者的襟怀,赞美了奉献者的崇高精神,文中行道树的形象就是无私奉献者的形象。另一篇文章《第一次真好》,由台湾女作家周素珊所作。文章表达了作者的感悟:生命中的第一次愈多,生命也就愈益多姿多彩。当然,作者所说的第一次,都是有益身心的第一次。
8、《人生寓言》的作者是周国平。其中《白兔和月亮》告诉人们:拥有巨大的利益会勾起无穷的得失之患。《落难的王子》通过王子的经历又告诉人们:厄运能使脆弱的人变得坚强起来。
9、《我的信念》的作者是波兰著名科学家玛丽·居里(即居里夫人),在这篇文章中,作者阐述了一个位科学工作者应当具备三个方面的品质。其一,科学工作的宗旨是探讨真理,而不是“谋求物质上的利益。”其二,科学工作需要自由,需要宁静,需要时间。其三,科学研究需要献身精神。其中献身精神是全文的核心。也是居里夫人思想品质的根本。
10、《论语》是记录孔子和他的弟子言行的一部书,共20篇,是儒家经典之一。课文所选的十则,有的谈学习方法,如“学而时习之,不亦说乎”,“学而不思则罔,思而不学则殆”;有的谈学习态度,如“见贤思齐焉,见不贤而内自省也。”“三人行,必有我师焉,择其善者而从之,其不善者而改之。”还有变修身做人的,如“士不可以不弘毅,任重而道远。”“己所不欲,勿施于人。”等。
11、《春》是一篇写景抒情的散文,作是朱自清,字佩弦,代表作有《荷塘月色》《背影》等。在《春》中,作者按照盼春、绘春和赞春的思路来结构全文。在绘春部分,依次描绘了五幅美丽的图画,分别是春草图,春花图,春风图,春雨图和迎春图。最后运用比喻,突出了春天新、美、力的特征。
12、老舍,原名舒庆春,字舍予,代表作有长篇小说《骆驼祥子》和话剧《茶馆》等。《济南的冬天》一文,开篇就以对比的写法突出了济南无风、无雾(响晴),无毒日(温晴)的宝地特点,然后,从阳光朗照下的山;薄雪覆盖下的山;不结冰的水三个方面写了济南的冬天。表达了对济南的赞美之情。
13、《山中访友》是一篇构思新奇、富有想象力、充满童心和好奇心的散文,文章充满了浪漫色彩。在叙述方式上,本文独具匠心,给人的感觉似乎是要到山中寻访一位朋友,原来是古桥、古树等自然界的朋友。然后通过与这些朋友互拆心声,营造了一个如诗如画的童话世界,表达了对大自然的热爱之情。
14、《秋天》这首诗,选自诗人、评论家何其芳的《预言》。这是一幅绚丽多彩的乡村秋景图。由农家丰收图、霜晨归渔图和少女思恋图组成。
15、古代诗歌五首分别出自汉乐府、唐诗(五律、七律)、宋词和元曲。
第一首《观沧海》由东汉政治家、军事家曹操所作,全诗以“观”字统领全篇,通过描写茫茫沧海波澜壮阔的景象,表达了诗人宏伟的抱负、宽广的胸襟,表现了诗人豪迈自信的思想感情。这首诗的基调苍凉慷慨,历来被视为“建安风骨”的代表作。
第二首《次北固山下》由唐代诗人王湾所作,作者通过对江南残冬早春景象新鲜而又精致的描绘,表达出诗人无比热爱江南水乡和怀念家乡及亲人的思想感情。
第三首《钱塘湖春行》由唐代大诗人,晚年又叫香山居士的白居易所作。这首诗通过抓住环境和季节特征,选取典型景物描绘了钱塘湖的早春风光,抒发了作者的喜悦心情。
第四首《西江月》由南宋豪放派词人辛弃疾所作。这首词通过描写农村夏夜的清新景色,抒发了作者的闲适心情。词的上片写景其实是烘托,下片写避雨才是本意所在,也是词的意趣所在。
第五首《天净沙·秋思》是元代著名戏曲作家马致远所作。天净沙是曲牌名。这支“曲”通过九个具有明显深秋色彩的互不相干的事物(前三句所写景物)。在苍凉的深秋暮色笼罩下构成了一个统一体。通过相互映衬达到情景妙合无痕的效果,真切地表达出天涯沦落人的孤寂愁苦之情。
16、《化石吟》是一首赞颂化石的抒情诗,“吟”是古典诗歌的和种名称,这里是“赞颂”的意思。作者以优美的语言,富有感情地赞颂了会讲话的奇异的化石。本文先通过几个疑问句启发人们和作者一起去想像亿万年前那神秘的世界,去倾听化石讲述那奇幻的神话。
17、《看云识天气》是一篇科普文。作者用生动形象的语言从两个方面介绍了云和天气的关系:不同形态的云和天气的关系;不同光彩的云和天气的关系。在结构上,全文运用了总分总的关系。
18、《绿色蝈蝈》是法国著名的昆虫学家法布尔的一篇妙趣横生的小品文。选自他的作品《昆虫的故事》(《昆虫记》),作者采用生动活泼的笔法,把蝈蝈写得活灵活现。鲁迅曾把《昆虫记》称为“讲昆虫故事”“讲昆虫生活”的楷模。
19、《月球上的足迹》真实地记录了美国宇航员登月的全过程。文章从“准备、登月、升空、返航”四个方面按时间顺序作了记叙。这是一篇饶有兴味的科普小品。全文写得清楚明白,生动形象,吸引人。
20、《山市》选自《聊斋志异》(一部文言短篇小说集),作者是清代文学家蒲松龄,字留仙,别号柳泉居士,世称“聊斋先生”。山市,山中蜃景,与“海市蜃楼”相似,是一种因折光反射而形成的自然现象。本文再现了山市由生成到消失的全过程,描述了山市的美景。
21、《风筝》选自鲁迅的散文诗集《野草》。鲁迅,原名周树人,字豫才。浙江绍兴人,我国伟大的思想家,文学家,革命家。他在1918年第一次以“鲁迅”为笔名发表中国现代文学史上第一篇白话小说《狂人日记》。1921年发表了代表作《阿Q正传》。鲁迅的作品集有:小说集《呐喊》《彷徨》,历史小说集《故事新编》,散文集《朝花夕拾》,散文诗集《野草》,杂文集《二心集》《坟》《三闲集》《而已集》等。本文以“风筝”为线索,围绕“风筝”叙写了封建教育思想对儿童精神上的压制,表现了作者的自我剖析精神和对冷酷现实的极端憎恶。
22、张之路的《羚羊木雕》以“羚羊木雕”为线索, 通过“查问木雕——赠送木雕——取回木雕”几个情节,表现了一家人不同的心态,并提出疑问:要木雕还是要友情。要不要取回木雕是整个事件的高潮和矛盾的焦点。
23、《散步》以时间顺序叙写散步的过程,为我们展现了一幅动人的画面。体现了中华民族尊老爱幼的传统美德,昭示中年人应肩负起承前启后的责任,给人以深刻启示。
24、诗两首。《金色花》以“假如我变成了一朵金色花”生发想象,展开三幅耐人寻味的画面,让我们感受到母子情深,感受到母子之爱,那么一种亲昵,那么一种亲热。寄寓了母子情深以及人类天性的美好与圣洁。《纸船》采用托物寄情的手法,表达了远离家乡的游子对日夜思念的母亲的深情呼唤,是献给亲爱的母亲的一曲深情的颂歌。文中纸船象征漂泊无依的孤独,象征思念母亲、思念祖国的一颗心,象征诗人纯洁、美好的心愿。
25、《世说新语》两则。《咏雪》选自南朝宋时刘义庆组织人员编写的《世说新语》,它是六朝志人小说的代表作。全书共8卷,分为德行、言语、文学、政事等36门。本文编入“言语”门。通过谢太傅一家雪后赏景的故事,对才女谢道韫给予了有力的赞赏。谢朗的诗形象地写出了雪落的颜色和姿态;而谢道韫的诗在追求形似的同时,更注重了神似,有深刻的意象。《陈太丘与友期》记陈记七岁时的故事,表现了他的聪慧,但主要是写了他懂得为人的道理。“无信”和“无礼”为全篇核心。
26、《皇帝的新装》是19世纪丹麦著名的童话大师安徒生初期创作的童话作品。本文通过一个昏庸无能而又穷奢极欲的皇帝受骗上当的故事,揭露和讽刺了皇帝和大臣们的虚伪、愚蠢和自欺欺人的丑行。
27、《郭沫若诗两首》。《天上的街市》取材于我国古代有关牛郎织女的传说。它借丰富新奇的联想和想象,描绘了美妙的天街景象,表达了诗人摆脱封建束缚、追求理想、向往自由幸福的思想感情。《静夜》在写法和风格上和《天上的街市》很相似,都是在前面写景的基础上,转而进入想象的世界,收尾出人意料,让人产生无尽的回味和向往。这首诗立足“静夜”,描绘月光、松树、疏星等景物,展开联想,有一位鲛人在天河岸边对着月夜无声地流下了珍珠泪。寄托诗人的失望情绪,隐含对祖国、家乡和亲人的思念之情。
28、《女娲造人》以时间为序,记叙了女娲造人的全过程,表现了原始初民对人类自身来源的好奇、追索,以及在当时社会生活条件下所做出的极富想象力的解释。文中处处充满了人类诞生的喜悦之情。
29、《盲孩子和他的影子》是一篇美丽的抒情童话,它营造了一种纯真、友好的氛围,具有诗情画意的境界。文章从“影子”“萤火虫”对盲孩子的关爱、帮助中,启示我们都应该来关爱弱者,只有“爱”才能使他们感受到生活的光明和美好。
30、伊索寓言《赫耳墨斯和雕像者》对盲目自高自大的赫耳墨斯进行了讽刺,告诉我们要重视事物的本质,不能爱慕虚荣;另一则《蚊子和狮子》则提醒我们,取得成绩后不要骄傲自满,得意忘形。《智子疑邻》提醒我们不能根据亲疏远近去判断人和事情,不能心存偏见。《塞翁失马》告诉我们,祸福在一定条件下是可以相互转化的。
三、文言文
1、加点词义
项为之强 凹者为壑 作青云白鹤观
徐喷以烟 鞭数十 方出神
鹤唳云端 为之怡然称快 以丛草为林
时有物外之趣 心之所向 驱之别院
舞于空中 拔山倒树而来 舌一吐而二虫尽为所吞
蹲其身 必细察其纹理 盖一癞虾蟆
不亦说乎 人不知而不愠 吾日三省吾身
传不习乎 可以为师矣 不思则罔
不学则殆 与朋友交而不信乎 诲女知之乎
是知也 必有我师焉 然后知松柏之后凋也
其恕乎 己所不欲 士不可以不弘毅
水何澹澹 山岛竦峙 幸甚至哉
次北固山下 行不足 听取蛙声一片
恒不一见 无何 始悟 居然城郭 莽莽然
乌有 危楼 裁如星点 黯然缥缈 或凭或立
人烟市肆 俄而雪骤 差可拟 与友期 去后乃至
尊君在否 相委而去 下车引之 入门不顾 智子疑邻
不筑 大亡其财 塞翁 亡而入胡 何遽 将胡马
人皆吊之 居一年 此独以跛之故
2、句子翻译:
(1)能张目对日,明察秋毫:能睁大眼睛对着太阳,非常细小的东西也看得很清楚。或:能睁大眼睛对着太阳,目力足以看清秋天鸟兽身上新长的细毛。
(2)心之所向,则或千或百,果然鹤也:心里这样去想,那么成千成百的蚊子果然像变成鹤一样。或:心时想的是鹤,那么呈现在眼前或是成千,或是上百飞舞的都是鹤了。
(3)故时有物外之趣:所以常常有超出事物本身的乐趣。
(4)神定,捉虾蟆,鞭数十,驱之别院:定下神来,抓住了癞虾蟆,用鞭子打了几十下,把它赶到其它院里去了。
(5)三人行,必有我师焉;择其善者而从之,其不善者而改之:几个人在一起行路,一定有可以做我的老师的人在中间;选择他们的长处来学习,他们的短处,自己如果有,就要改掉它。
(6)学而不思则罔,思而不学则殆:光读书学习,却不知道思考,就迷惑不解;光思考却不去读书学习,就会疑惑而无所得。
(7)温故而知新,可以为师矣:温习旧的知识,进而懂得新的知识,这样的人可以做老师了。
(8)学而时习之,不亦说乎?学习了以后时时温习它,不也是快乐的吗?
(9)吾日三省吾身:我每天多次地检查我自己。
(10)士不可以不弘毅:士人不可以不胸怀宽广,意志坚定。
(11)己不所欲,勿施于人:自己不喜欢的事,不要施加在别人身上。
(12)孙公子禹年与同人饮楼上:公子孙禹年和同业朋友在楼上喝酒。
(13)念近中无禅院:想想附近没有这样的寺院。
(14)或凭或立,不一状:有的靠着,有的立着,姿态各不相同。
(15)然数年恒不一见:但经常几年也不出现一次。
(16)中有楼若者,堂若者,坊若者,历历在目,以亿万计:其中,有的像楼台,有的像殿堂,有的像牌坊,清清楚楚地呈现在眼前,数量有亿万个。
(17)既而风定天清,一切乌有,惟危楼一座,真接霄汉:不久,风住天清,一切都没有了,惟独有一座高楼,上与天接。
(18)撒盐空中差可拟:跟把盐撒在空中差不多。
(19)未若柳絮因风起:不如比作风吹柳絮满天飞。
(20)即公大兄无奕女,左将军王凝之妻也:(谢道韫)就是太傅大哥谢无奕的女儿,左将军王凝之的妻子。
(21)非人哉!与人期行,相委而去:真不是人!跟别人约好一块走,却丢下我走了。
(22)日中不至,则是无信;对子骂父,则是无礼:您正午不到,就是不计信用;对着人家儿子骂他的父亲,就是失礼。
(23)暮而果大亡其财:晚上果然丢失了大量的财物。
(24)其家甚智其子,而疑邻人之父:这家人很赞赏儿子聪明,却怀疑是隔壁的老人干的。
(25)家富良马,其子好骑,堕而折其髀:家里有的是好马,他儿子喜欢骑着玩,从马上摔下来,摔断了大腿。
(26)居一年,胡人大入塞,丁壮者引弦而战:过了一年,胡人大举进攻,进了长城,壮年男子都拿起武器作战。
四、诗文默写:
1、《观沧海》中,诗人借助奇特想象来表现大海吞吐日月星辰的句子是:日月之行,若出其中,星汉灿烂;若出其里。
2、《观沧海》中表现诗人博大胸怀的句子是:日月之行,若出其中,星汉灿烂;若出其里。
3、《观沧海》中着力渲染大海那种苍茫浑然的气势,给人一种坚定倔强的感觉的句子是:水何澹澹,山岛竦峙。
4、《次北固山下》中,把平野开阔,大江直流,波平浪静的景象表现出来的句子是:潮平两岸阔,风正一帆悬。
5、《次北固山下》中,“形容景物,妙绝千古”的诗句是:海日生残夜,江春入旧年。
6、《次北固山下》中,在描写景物、节令之中,蕴含着一种自然理趣的句子是:海日生残夜,江春入旧年。
7、《次北固山下》中,表达作者思乡之情的句子是:乡书何处达?归雁洛阳边。
8、《钱塘湖春行》中描写莺歌燕舞的诗句是:几处早莺争暖树,谁家新燕啄春泥。
9、辛弃疾《西江月》中,表达诗人喜悦心情的句子是:稻花香里说丰年,听取蛙声一片。
10、马致远断肠人在天涯。中点明主题的一句是:断肠人在天涯。
11、马致远《天净沙·秋思》中,表达作者思乡之情的句子是:断肠人在天涯。
12、唐代诗人在《题破禅寺后禅院》中描写禅院幽静的句子是:曲径通幽处,禅房花木深。
13、人们常用曹操的《龟虽寿》中的诗句:老骥伏枥,志在千里来比喻人虽老了却仍有雄心壮志。
14、孟浩然的《过故人庄》中描绘山村中优美宁静的田园风光的句子是:绿水村边合,青山郭外斜。表现对田园喜爱之情的诗句是:开轩面场圃,把酒话桑麻。待到重阳日,还来就菊花。
15、《闻王昌龄左迁龙标遥有此寄》中,把明月人格化,表达对友人不幸遭贬深切同情与关怀的名句是:我寄愁心与明月,随君直到夜郎西。
16、《论语》中表达要善于向周围有长处的人学习的名句是:三人行,必有我师焉。
17、《论语》论述学习和思考的辩证关系的句子是:学而不思则罔,思而不学则殆。
18、《钱塘湖春行》一诗中的颔联是:几处早莺争暖树,谁家新燕啄春泥。
19、马致远的《天净沙·秋思》的主旨句是:断肠人在天涯
20、《题破山寺后禅院》中,表现了华夏文化常常讲究曲折美、层次美的美学思想,诗句是曲径通幽处,禅房花木深。
21、杜牧的《泊秦淮》中表现诗人忧国忧民的思想感情的诗句是:商女不知亡国恨,隔江犹唱《后庭花》
22、晏殊的《浣溪沙·一曲新词酒一杯》中被誉为“天然奇偶”的两句是:无可奈何花落去,似曾相识燕归来
23、朱熹的《观书有感》中告诉我们,要不断地积累,不断地创新,方能达到一个新的境界。其诗句是:问渠那得清如许,为有源头活水来
24、李商隐的《夜雨寄北》中,通过想像,具体细腻而又无限传神地描绘出了一幅良宵美景图的句子是:何当共剪西窗烛,却话巴山夜雨时,
25、杨万里的《过松源晨炊漆公店》中,充分表现了前进道路上会有一定困难,要做好充分的准备,不可以被一时的成功所迷惑,失掉了长远的目标的诗句是:正入万山圈子里,一山放出一山拦
26、李清照的《如梦令》中,表达了主人公急于从迷途中找寻出路的焦灼心情的句子是:争渡,争渡。
㈧ 我们要期中考试了,求初一下册英语所有语法,单词短语及要点。(人民教育出版社)
1. 介词:in, on, under, behind, near, at, of
1). in表示"在……中", "在……内"。
in our class 在我们班上
in the desk 在桌子里
2). on 表示"在……上"。
on the wall 在墙上
3). under表示"在……下"。
under the tree 在树下
4). behind表示"在……后面"。
behind the door 在门后
5). near表示"在……附近"。
near the bed 在床附近
6). at表示"在……处"。:
at home 在家
7). of 表示"……的"。
a map of China 一张中国地图
2. 冠词 a / an / the:
冠词位于限定的名词前,用来署名名词所指的人或事物。有不定冠词和定冠词两种。不定冠词有两个形式,即a和an。a用在以辅音音标开头的词前,如a book; an用在以元音音标开头的字母前,如an apple.
a或an与可数名词单数连用。
This is a cat.
这是一只猫。
He is a teacher.
他是个老师。
the既可以用在可数名词前,也可以用在不可数名词前,表示某个或某些特定的人或事物,也可以指上文提到过的人或事物。
Who's the boy in the hat?
戴帽子的男孩是谁呀?
------ What can you see in the classroom?
------ I can see a bag.
------ Where's the bag?
------ It's on the desk.
------- 你能在教室里看到什么呀?
------ 我能看见一个书包。
------ 书包在哪呀?
------ 在桌子上。
3.some和any
①在肯定句中用some.:
Lucy has some good books露西有一些好书。
②在疑问句和否定句中用any。
Is there any ink in your pen?你的钢笔里有墨水吗?
There isn't any water in the glass.杯子里没有水。
little的用法
a little dog 一只小狗,a little boy 一个小男孩。little常用来修饰有生命的名词。
*但little还可表示否定意义,意为"少的",后面跟不可数名词。
There is little time. 几乎没时间了。
⑵ 词组
on the desk 在桌子上
behind the chair 在椅子后
under the chair 在椅子下面
in her pencil-box 在她的铅笔盒中
near the door 在门附近
a picture of a classroom 一个教室的图片
look at the picture 看这张图片
the teacher's desk 讲桌
a map of China 一张中国地图
family tree 家谱
have a seat 坐下,就坐
this way 这边走
二. 日常用语
1. Come and meet my family.
2. Go and see. I think it's Li Lei.
3. Glad to meet you.
4. What can you see in the picture?
I can see a clock / some books.
5. Can you see an orange?
Yes, I can. / No, I can't.
6. Where's Shenzhen?
It's near Hong Kong.
7. Let me see.(口语)让我想想看。
see 在这是"明白、懂了",不可译作"看见"。例如:
8. Please have a seat.
seat表示"座位",是个名词。have a seat表示"就坐",也可以说take a seat, 和sit down的意思相同。
三. 语法
1. 名词所有格
名词如要表示与后面名词的所有关系,通常用名词所有格的形式,意为"……的"。一般有以下几种形式:
(1). 一般情况下在词尾加"'s"。例如:
Kate's father Kate的爸爸
my mother's friend 我妈妈的朋友
(2). 如果复数名词以s结尾,只加"'"。例如:
Teachers' Day 教师节
The boys' game 男孩们的游戏
(3). 如果复数名词不以s结尾,仍加"'s"。例如:
Children's Day 儿童节
Women's Day 妇女节
(4). 表示两个或几个共有时,所有格应加在后一个名词上。例如:
Lucy and Lily's room Lucy 和Lily的房间
Kate and Jim's father Kate 和Jim的爸爸
动物和无生命事物的名词的所有格一般不在词尾加"'s",而常常用介词of的短语来表示。
a map of China 一幅中国地图
the name of her cat 她的猫的名字
a picture of my family 我的家庭的一张照片
the door of the bedroom 卧室的门
2. 祈使句
祈使句主要用来表示说话人的请求、命令、建议、叮嘱等意图。祈使句一般不用主语,读时用降调。为使语气委婉、礼貌,常在句首或句尾加please 。在句尾时,please前多用逗号。
(1). 祈使句肯定形式的谓语动词一律用动词原形。
Go and see. 去看看。
Come in, please. 请进。
(2). 祈使句的否定形式常用don't于句首。
Don't look at your books. 不要看书。
Don't play on the road. 不要在马路上玩。
3. There be 的句子结构
There be是一个"存在"句型,表示"有"的意思,
肯定句的形式为:There be + 名词(单数或复数)+地点状语或时间状语。
be动词单复数的确定,看be后边第一个名词,当所接主语为单数或不可数名词时,be动词形式为is;当所接主语为复数名词时,be动词为are;当be动词后接两个以上主语时,be动词与最临近主语保持数上的一致。意思为"某地有某人或某物"。如:
There is an eraser and two pens on the desk. 桌子上有一块橡皮和两支钢笔。
There are two pens and an eraser on the desk. 桌上有两支钢笔和一块橡皮。
(1)there be的否定句,即在be的后面加上not。
否定形式为:There be + not + (any) + 名词+地点状语。
There is not any cat in the room. 房间里没猫。
There aren't any books on the desk. 桌子上没书。
(2)there be句型的疑问句就是将be提到句首:Be there + (any) +名词+地点状语?肯定回答:Yes, there is / are. 否定回答:No, there isn't / aren't.
---Is there a dog in the picture? 画上有一只狗吗?
---Yes, there is. 有。
---Are there any boats in the river? 河里有船吗?
---No, there aren't. 没有。
(3)特殊疑问句:How many . . . are there (+地点状语)?"某地有多少人或物?"回答用There be . . .
There's one. / There are two / three / some . . .
有时直接就用数字来回答。One. / Two . . .
---How many students are there in the classroom? 教室里有多少学生?
---There's only one. / There are nine. 只有一个。/有九个。
(4)如果名词是不可数名词,用:How much + 不可数名词 + is there + 地点状语?
How much water is there in the cup? 杯中有多少水?
How much food is there in the bowl? 碗里有多少食物?
㈨ 七年级下册英语语法归纳
agree with sb 同意某人的看法 agree on sth 同意某事
arrive at/in sp 到达某地 ask sb to do sth 叫某人做某事
ask sb not to do sth 叫某人不要做某事 be interested in sth 对某事感兴趣 be busy doing/with sth 忙于做某事 be strict in sth 对某事要求严格 be strict with sb 对某人要求严格 decide to do sth 决定做某事 dislike doing sth 不喜欢做某事 enjoy doing sth 喜欢做某事 find sb do/doing sth 发现某人做某事 finish doing sth 完成某事 give sb sth 给某人某物 give sth to sb 给某人某物 have fun doing sth 做…很有趣 help sb with sth 帮助某人某事 help sb (to) do sth 帮助某人做某事 help sb sth=help sth to sb it’s time for sth 该做某事了 it’s time for sb to do sth 该某人做某事了
it’s time to do sth 该做某事了 like doing/to do sth 喜欢做某事
make sb do sth 让某人做某事 mind (sb) doing sth 介意(某人)做某事
pass sb sth 把某物递给某人 pass sth to sb 把某物递给某人
practice doing sth 练习做某事 remember doing sth 记得做过某事
remember to do sth 记得要做某事 see sb do/doing sth 看见某人做某事
show sb sth 给某人看某物 show sth to sb 给某人看某物
spend…(in) doing sth 花费…做某事 spend…on sth 花费…在某物上
start doing sth 开始做某事 start to do sth 开始做某事
stop doing sth 停止做某事 stop to do sth 停下来再做某事
talk about sth 谈论某事 talk to/with sb 与某人交谈
tell sb about sth 告诉某人关于某事 tell sb to do sth 告诉某人做某事
tell sb not to do sth 告诉某人不要做某事 want sth 想要某物
want to do sth 想要做某事 want sb to do sth 想要某人做某事
watch sb do/doing sth 看见某人做某事 wish to do sth 希望做某事
would like to do sth 想要做某事
㈩ 七年级下册英语期中深圳牛津语法
其中考试主要考点:
Chapter 1 Travel
1, 知识点----动词或词组常考
Go skiing// swimming;
Such as与 for example区别;
Help Sb (to) do the; help Sb with sth;
Be interested in…对。。。感兴趣; interested, interesting区别;
By (在。。。旁边) Eg. It’s over there by the post office.
Used to do sth过去常常做某事;
be used to do sth被用来做某事
be used to doing sth习惯于做某事
happen用法:
1,不用被动;2,What happened to Sb/sth?某人或某物发生了。。。?3,happen to do sth碰巧做某事
A number of + 可数名词复数, “许多”;
The number of+ 可数名词复数,“。。。的数量”
Try to do sth尽力做某事===try one’s best to do sth;
Try doing sth试着做某事;
2, 解释句子常考
Why not do sth===Why don’t you do sth?
Offer Sb sth===offer Sth to Sb提供某人某物
Provide Sb with sth===provide sth for Sb提供某人某物
Enjoy oneself===have a good time===have fun
Be famous for===be well-known for因为//以。。。而出名
Be famous as===be well-known as作为。。。而出名
What about doing sth?===How about doing sth?
Would like to do sth===feel like doing sth想要做某事
表花费:spend, take, cost, pay
Sb spend+…+ (in) doing sth///on sth
It take + Sb+…+ to do sth;
Sth+ cost+ (Sb) +….
Sb pay+… for sth
表到达:Get to+…; reach+…; arrive in+大地点; arrive at+ 小地点;
Need用法
The flowers need watering.===The flowers need to be watered.
the
3, 常考句式
You will find Euro Disney a good place to visit.
冠词 a , an, the用法;
Chapter 2 Protecting our environment
1, 知识点----动词或词组常考
Living, alive, live, lively区别;
Too, also, as well, either区别;
Enjoy + doing sth;
on Earth===on the earth
a lot of/ lots of+可数复数/不可数
be in danger处在危险之中
communicate with Sb与某人交流
cut down砍倒;
stop to do sth停下来去做(另外)的事;
stop doing sth停止手中正在做的事;
had better do sth最好做。。。; had better not do sth最好不做。。。
give out释放; take in吸收;
furniture(不可数名词);
2, 解释句子常考
Come from===be from
Take care of===look after
More than===over
As+adj /adv+ as possible===as + adj / adv +as one can/could
Stop Sb from doing sth===prevent Sb from doing sth===keep Sb from doing sth阻止某人做某事
Be interested in===be keen on
Each other===one another
Pass Sb sth===pass sth to Sb
3, 常考句式
进行时:
(一)注意不用于进行时的词:
1,系动词+adj,( 表示状态): smell, taste, feel, sound, look, notice, seem等
2,表喜好, 态度或心理活动的词:love, like, dislike, hate, think, believe, know, understand,forget, remember, agree,recognize, want, refuse, forgive, 等;
3,表结果,状态,从属关系的词: see, hear, belong to, contain, consist of, mean等
(二)注意表移动的动词用进行时表将来:
Go, come, leave, start, arrive, return, move, fly等
In+一段时间(用在将来时里,表。。。之后)
Eg. I will be back in 2 days.
Make Sb do sth(使某人做某事); Make sth +adj(使某物变得。。。)
Chapter 3 Encyclopedia
1, 知识点----动词或词组常考
Look at看; look after照料; look…up在(书中)查找,look it up; look for寻找
Look out===watch out 小心
Other(其他的), the other(两者中另外一个), another(三者或三者以上的又一个,再一个,), others(另外/其他一些人或物);
Sometimes(有时), sometime(过去或将来某一时刻), some time(一段/些时间), some times(许多次,许多倍);
Find 与found区别;
Be based on…以。。。为基础;
Die out灭绝; die of+疾病,情感等内部原因; die from + 事故,创伤等外部原因;
Remember to do sth记得去做某事; Remember doing sth记得做过某事
See/hear Sb do sth 看到/听到某人做某事 see/hear Sb doing sth 看到/听到某人正在做某事
Win + 比赛copetition///award(s) 奖项/// the first..prize(第几名);
Beat + Sb 或团体组织
Agree to do sth eg. She agreed to write short articles on(关于) the topic.
Agree with + Sb / what Sb said
Agree to + plan / suggestion, etc(提议,办法,计划等)
Agree on….(在某方面达成一致) Eg. Have you agreed on the price?
As + adj/ adv+ as与。。。。一样。。。
2, 解释句子常考
Buy Sb sth===buy sth for Sb
As …as
Eg. Tom is as tall as his brother.
Tom has the same height as his brother.
Tom is the tallest in his class.
Tom is taller than any other student in his class.
3, 常考句式
This, that, these, those区别;
打电话时注意this, that的意思;