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中学常见英语时态语法

发布时间:2021-01-15 23:46:00

⑴ 求英语的各种语法、时态词性和从小学到高中的英语知识

我正好也在找.感觉这个可以!希望有帮助! 英语八大时态

英语的时态(tense)j是一种动词形式,不同的时态用以表示不同的时间与方式。

下面就英语中常见的八种基本时态进行阐述,其它的时态都是在这八种时态的基础上结合而成的。

一、 一般现在时:

1.概念:经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。

2.时间状语: always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week, on Sundays,

3.基本结构:动词 原形 (如主语为第三人称单数,动词上要加(e)S)

4.否定形式:am/is/are+not;此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词,则在其前加don't,如主语为第三人称单数,则用doesn't,同时还原行为动词。

5.一般疑问句:把be动词放于句首;用助动词do提问,如主语为第三人称单数,则用does,同时,还原行为动词。

6.例句:. It seldom snows here.

He is always ready to help others.

Action speaks louder than words.

二、 一般过去时:

1.概念:过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态;过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。

2.时间状语:ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week(year, night, month…), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc.

3.基本结构:be动词;行为动词

4.否定形式:was/were+not;在行为动词前加didn't,同时还原行为动词。

5.一般疑问句:was或were放于句首;用助动词do的过去式did 提问,同时还原行为动词。

6.例句:She often came to help us in those days.

I didn't know you were so busy.

三、 现在进行时:

1.概念:表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。

2.时间状语:now, at this time, these days, etc.

3.基本结构:am/is/are+doing

4.否定形式:am/is/are+not+doing.

5.一般疑问句:把be动词放于句首。

6.例句: How are you feeling today?

He is doing well in his lessons.

四、 过去进行时:

1.概念:表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。

2.时间状语:at this time yesterday, at that time或以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。

3.基本结构:was/were+doing

4.否定形式:was/were + not + doing.

5.一般疑问句:把was或were放于句首。

6.例句:At that time she was working in a PLA unit.

When he came in, I was reading a newspaper.

五、 现在完成时:

1.概念:过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,或从过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态。

2.时间状语:recently, lately, since…for…,in the past few years, etc.

3.基本结构:have/has + done

4.否定形式:have/has + not +d one.

5.一般疑问句:have或has。

6.例句:I've written an article.

It has been raining these days.

六、 过去完成时:

1.概念:以过去某个时间为标准,在此以前发生的动作或行为,或在过去某动作之前完成的行为,即“过去的过去”。

2.时间状语:before, by the end of last year(term, month…),etc.

3.基本结构:had + done.

4.否定形式:had + not + done.

5.一般疑问句:had放于句首。

6.例句:As soon as we got to the station, the train had left.

By the end of last month. We had reviewed four books

七、 一般将来时:

1.概念:表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。

2.时间状语:tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…),soon, in a few minutes, by…,the day after tomorrow, etc.

3.基本结构:am/is/are/going to + do;will/shall + do.

4.否定形式:was/were + not; 在行为动词前加didn't,同时还原行为动词。

5.一般疑问句:be放于句首;will/shall提到句首。

6.例句:They are going to have a competition with us in studies.

It is going to rain.

八、 过去将来时:

1.概念:立足于过去某一时刻,从过去看将来,常用于宾语从句中。

2.时间状语:the next day(morning, year…),the following month(week…),etc.

3.基本结构:was/were/going to + do;would/should + do.

4.否定形式:was/were/not + going to + do;would/should + not + do.

5.一般疑问句:was或were放于句首;would/should 提到句首。

6.例句:He said he would go to Beijing the next day.

I asked who was going there .

几种常见时态的相互转换

英语中的几种时态在一定情况下可以互相转换,以下是几种常见的转换形式:

一、 一般过去时与现在完成时的转换

在现在完成时中,延续性动词能与表示一段时间的状语连用,瞬间动词却不能。但是,可用别的表达方式:①瞬间动词用于“一段时间 + ago”的一般过去时的句型中;②瞬间动词可改成与之相对应的延续性动词及短语,与一段时间连用;③瞬间动词用于“It is + 一段时间 + since + 一般过去时”的句型中,表示“自从……以来有……时间”的意思,主句一般用it is来代替It has been;④瞬间动词用于“Some time has passed since + 一般过去时”的句型中。请看:

A. He joined the League two years ago.

B. He has been in the League for two years.

C. It is two years since he joined the League.

D. Two years has passed since he joined the League.

二、 一般现在时与现在进行时的转换

在一般现在时中,at加上名词表示“处于某种状态”,如at work(在工作), at school(上学、上课)等。此短语可与进行时态转换。请看:

Peter is at work, but Mike is at play.

Peter is working, but Mike is playing.

三、 现在进行时与一般将来时的转换

在现在进行时态中go, come, leave, start, arrive等动词常与表示将来的时间状语连用表示将要发生的动作。如:I am coming, Mum! 意为“我就来,妈妈!”请看:

The train is leaving soon.

The train will leave soon.

四、“be going to+动词原形”与“will(shall)+动词原形”结构的转换

“be going to+动词原形”、表示打算、计划要做的事;将来时“will(shall)+动词原形”结构在书面语中,当主语为第一人称时,常用助动词shall。在口语中,所有人称都可以用will。请看:

We are going to visit the Great Wall next Sunday.
We shall visit the Great Wall next Sunday.

⑵ 中学英语中的八种时态

八种时态的具体用法:
一般现在时 表示现阶段经常或习惯发生的动作或存在的状态,或说明主语的特征。
① 一般现在时句子中常有的时间状语:often,usually,sometimes,always,every (day等), once/twice,a (week等), on (Sunday等),never,in the (morning等)。如:They go to the Palace Museum once a year.(他们每年去一次故宫)/ They often discuss business in the evening.(他们经常在晚上商谈生意)
② 表示客观真理、事实、人的技能或现在的状态时句子里一般不用时间状语。如:The earth turns round the sun.(地球绕着太阳转)/ Light travels faster than sound.(光传播比声音快)
③ 表示十分确定会发生(如安排好的事情)或按照时间表进行的事情,用一般现在可以表达将来,句子中可以有将来时间。如:The train for Haikou leaves at 8:00 in the morning.(开往汉口的列车上午8点开车)
④ 在时间状语从句中(以when, after, before, while, until, as soon as等引导)和条件状语从句中(以if,unless引导),用一般现在时代替一般将来时,句子可以有将来时间。如:Please ring me up as soon as you arrive in Germany.(你一到德国就给我打电话) / If it rains tomorrow,we will have to stay at home.(如果明天下雨我们就只好呆在家)
⑤ 一般现在时用于倒装句中可以表示正在发生的动作,动词以come, go为主。如:Here comes the bus. (车来了) / There goes the bell.(铃响了)。
⑥ 一般现在时常用于体育比赛的解说或寓言故事中。Now the midfield player catches the ball and he keeps it.
⑦ 人的心理活动和感官动作一般用一般现在时而不用现在进行时表达,常见动词有:like, love, hate, dislike, want, wish, hope, think(认为),understand, remember, forget, mean, need, hear, feel, see. 如:I think it is going to snow.(我想天要下雪了)/ I really hope you can enjoy your stay here.(我真的希望你愉快地呆在这儿)
一般过去时 表示过去某时发生的动作或状态,这种动作或状态可能是一次性,也可能经常
发生。
① 表示过去具体时刻发生的一次性动作时,时间状语有:at (eight) (yesterday morning),(ten minutes) ago, when引导的时间状语从句。如:I got up at 6:00 this morning.(我是早上六点钟起床的)/ Little Tom broke the window at half past nine this morning.(小汤姆今天早上九点半把窗子打破了)/ When he went into the room,he saw a stranger talking with his father.(他走进房间时发现一个陌生人正和他父亲谈话)
② 表示过去一段时间内不知何时发生的一次性动作时,时间状语有:yesterday, last (year等), in (1998 等)。如:He came to our city in the year 2000.(他2000年来到我们市)

③ 表示过去一个阶段中经常发生的事情时,时间状语有:last…, in…, from…to…, for(10 years),often,usually, sometimes, always, never等。如:Mr Jackson usually went to evening schools when he was young. / Every day he went to the rich man and borrowed books from him.
④ 讲故事、对过去经历的回忆、双方都明白的过去事件等一般用过去时,而且经常省略时间状语。如:I happened to meet Rose in the street.(我正好在街上遇到露西)
一般将来时 表示将来某一时刻或经常发生的动作或状态。
①一般将来时的时间状语有:tomorrow,this (afternoon),next (year),one day,now,soon,
someday,sometime, in the future, when引导的从句等。
② 用will构成的将来时,表示动作与人的主观愿望无关。“shall”用于第一人称,“will”
用于所有人称。如:I will graate from this school soon.(我很快就要从这所中学毕业了)/ You will stay alone after I leave.(我走了之后你就要一个人过了)
③ “am/is/are going to+动词原形”表示打算或准备要做的事情,或者主观判断即将要发生的事情,而“am/is/are to +动词原形”表示安排或计划中的动作。如:A man told them that the woman was to give birth to the special baby.(有一个人告诉他们那个妇女就会生下那个特别的男孩)/ It’s going to rain soon.(天快要下雨了)
④ 表示一个人临时决定要做某事,可以用will表达。如:I will go to the lab to get some
chemicals(化学药剂). So please wait until I return.(我要到化学实验室去取些药品,请等我回头)
⑤ 现在进行时、一般现在时也可以表示将来。(见相应时态)
⑥ shall和will 在口语的一些疑问句中相当于情态动词。Shall一般与第一人称连用,will与第二人称连用。如:Shall we go to the zoo next Saturday?(我们下周六去动物园好吗?)/ Will you please open the door for me?(替我把门打开好吗?)
⑦ “be to +动词原形”表示按照计划将要发生的事情。如:An angel came to tell her that she was to have this special boy.

(4)现在进行时 现在进行时表示现在正在进行的动作或是现阶段正发生而此刻不一定在进行的动作。
① 现在进行时由“助动词be (am is are ) +现在分词”构成。
② 现在进行时的时间状语有: now, this …, these…等,但经常不用。如:What are you doing up in the tree?(你在树上干什么?)/ I am writing a long novel these days.(我最近在写一本长篇小说)

③ 表示即将发生的动作,一般指近期安排好的事情。常见的动词有:come, go, stay, leave, spend, do等。如:I’m coming now.(我就来)/ What are you doing tomorrow?(你明天干什么?)/ He is leaving soon.(他就要走了)
④ 表示频繁发生或反复进行的动作,常与always等频度副词连用,以表示赞扬、不满或讨厌等感情色彩。如:He is always borrowing money from me and forgetting all about it some time later.(他老是向我借钱,过一些时候就忘得一干二净)

(5)过去进行时 过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或某阶段正在进行的动作。
① 过去进行时由“was(第一、三人称单数)或were(第二人称单数和各人称的复数)+现在分词”构成。
② 过去进行时的时间状语有:then, at that time, this time yesterday, at (eight) yesterday (morning),(a year) ago, 以及由when引出的时间状语从句。如:He was cooking supper this time yesterday.(昨天这个时候他正在做晚饭)/ The little girl was playing with her toy when I saw her.(我看到小女孩的时候她正在玩玩具)
③ 用于宾语从句或时间状语从句中,表示与主句动作同时进行而且是延续时间较长。句子中通常不用时间状语。如:She was it happen when she was walking past.(她路过时看到事情的发生)/ They sang a lot of songs while they were walking in the dark forest.(他们在黑暗的森林里走时唱了很多歌)
④ 也可以表示过去一个阶段频繁发生或反复进行的动作,常与always等频度副词连用,以表示赞扬、不满或讨厌等感情色彩。如:He was always borrowing money from me when he lived here.(他住在这里时老向我借钱)

(6)现在完成时 现在完成时表示一个发生在过去的、对现在仍有影响的动作,或表示开始在过去,并且一直延续到现在,甚至还可能延续下去的动作。
①在完成时由“助动词have (has)+动词的过去分词”构成。
②表示发生在过去的对现在仍有影响的动作时,时间状语有:already, yet, just, once, twice,ever, never,three times, before等。如:I have never seen such fine pictures before. (我以前从来没有看过这么好的画)/ He has just gone to England.(他刚去英国)
③表示在过去开始一直延续到现在(可能延续下去)的动作或状态时,时间状语有:for (two years),since 1990, since (two weeks ago)和since引导的状语从句。如:I have been away from my hometown for thirty years.(我离开家乡有30年了)/ Uncle Wang has worked in the factory since it opened.(自从这家工厂开张,王叔叔一直在那儿工作)
④口语中have got往往表示have(有)的意思。如:They have got thousands of books in their library.(他们图书馆有上万本书)
⑤have been to与have gone to的区别:have gone to(“已经去了”)表示人不在这里,have been to(“去过”)表示人在这里。如:--Where is Mr Li? –He has gone to the UK.(李先生在哪里?他去了英国。)/ --Do you know something about Beijing? –Yes,I have been to Beijing three times. (你知道北京的情况吗?是的,我去过那里三次。)
⑥在完成时中,一个瞬间性动词(一次性动作)不能与表示一段时间的状语连用,此时须将该瞬间动词改为延续性动词或状态动词。

⑶ 初中英语八大时态

初中英语来中的八个基本时自态,即:一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、过去将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时。

时态是一种动词形式,表示经常、反复发生的动作或行为,不同的时态用以表示不同的时间与方式。在语法里,时或时态表示行为发生的时间和说话时的关系。一般分为过去式、现在式、将来式,通常也有与表示动作进行或终止的进行式和完成式等体貌一起相连用的情况。

(3)中学常见英语时态语法扩展阅读

一般过去时与现在完成时的转换:

在现在完成时中,延续性动词能与表示一段时间的状语连用,瞬间动词却不能。但是,可用别的表达方式:①瞬间动词用于“一段时间 + ago”的一般过去时的句型中;②瞬间动词可改成与之相对应的延续性动词及短语,与一段时间连用。

一般现在时与现在进行时的转换
在一般现在时中,at加上名词表示“处于某种状态”,如at work(在工作),at school(上学、上课)等。此短语可与进行时态转换。

现在进行时与一般将来时的转换
在现在进行时态中go,come,leave,start,arrive等动词常与表示将来的时间状语连用表示将要发生的动作。

⑷ 高中英语时态语法。

show在这里不是展示的意思,而是“露出,显出,看得见”的意思,用牛津版字典上的英语解释看的权话就非常好理解了:if sth shows, people can see it。
多举一个例句:She had a warm woollen hat on, leaving only her eyes and nose showing.
表示这个意思的时候,使用主动态的。
如果用被动态be shown的话,也勉强解释得通,不过感觉脚印不是有意被展示出来的,而是不经意间就显露出来,所以用被动态会感觉怪怪的。而且应该改为:because every step is shown.而不是be shown,因为because是连词,前后连接两个独立的完整的句子。

⑸ 高中英语语法时态

OK,我来帮你解答吧。
十六种时态 :
一般现在时,一般过去时,一般将来时,一般过去将来时;
现在进行时,过去进行时,将来进行时,过去将来进行时;
现在完成时,过去完成时,将来完成时,过去将来完成时;
现在完成进行时,过去完成进行时,将来完成进行时,过去将来完成进行时.

一、 一般现在时:take 形式为原形。
例子:It takes me five years to finish the painting。
这幅画花了我十年功夫
1.概念:经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。
2.时间状语: always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week, on Sundays,
3.基本结构:动词 原形 (如主语为第三人称单数,动词上要改为第三人称单数形式)

2。二、 一般过去时: take 形式为 took.
1.概念:过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态;过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。
2.时间状语:ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week,last(year, night, month…), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc.
3.基本结构:be动词;行为动词 的过去式

三、 现在进行时:take 形式为 am/is/are taking
1.概念: 表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。
2.时间状语:now, at this time, these days, etc.
3.基本结构:am/is/are+doing

四、 过去进行时: take 形式为 was/were+taking
1.概念:表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。
2.时间状语:at this time yesterday, at that time或以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。
3.基本结构:was/were+doing

五、 现在完成时: take 形式为 have/has +taken
1.概念:过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,或从过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态。
2.时间状语:recently, lately, since…for…,in the past few years, etc.
3.基本结构:have/has + done

六、 过去完成时: take 形式为 had +taken
1.概念:以过去某个时间为标准,在此以前发生的动作或行为,或在过去某动作之前完成的行为,即“过去的过去”。
2.时间状语:before, by the end of last year(term, month…),etc.
3.基本结构:had + done.

七、 一般将来时: take 形式为:am/is/are/going to +take ;
will/shall +take
1.概念:表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。
2.时间状语:tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…),soon, in a few minutes, by…,the day after tomorrow, etc.
3.基本结构:am/is/are/going to + do;will/shall + do.

八、 过去将来时: take 形式为:was/were/going to +take ;
would/should + take
1.概念:立足于过去某一时刻,从过去看将来,常用于宾语从句中。
2.时间状语:the next day(morning, year…),the following month(week…),etc.
3.基本结构:was/were/going to + do;would/should + do.

九.将来完成时: take 形式为:be going to/will/shall + have taken
1.概念:在将来某一时刻之前开始的动作或状态
2.时间状语:by the time of;by the end of+时间短语(将来);by the time+从句(将来)
3.基本结构:be going to/will/shall + have done

十.现在完成进行时: take 形式为:have/has +been+taking
1.概念:在过去某一时刻之前开始的动作或状态一直持续到说话为止
2.基本结构:have/has +been+doing

十一:过去将来完成时:take 形式为:should /would have taken
基本构成形式:should /would + have done

十二:将来进行时。:take 形式为:shall/will be + taking
基本够成形式::shall/will be + doing

十三:过去将来进行时:take 形式为:should /would be+taking
基本够成形式:should /would be+doing

十四:过去完成进行时:take 形式为:had been +taking
基本够成形式:had been +doing

十五:将来完成进行时:take 形式为:shall/will have been+taking
基本够成形式:shall/will have been+doing

十六:过去将来完成进行时:take 形式为:should/would have been +taking
基本够成形式:should/would have been +doing

最后几种形式不太常用。只给你简单列举了下。希望可以帮到你。

⑹ 中学英语时态问题

once a week 每周一次
表示的是一种不断重复的行为频度,适合用于一般体的各种时态:一般现在时、一般过去是、一般将来时。
我觉得用will clean比较合适。

⑺ 中学英语时态表

英语时态表 英语时态表时态名称结构常连用的词主要用法例句一般现在时1 由be的is am are表示,之后接名词,形容词或介词。every…,sometimes,always,never,often, usually等。一般现在时表示没有时限的持久存在的习惯性的动作或状态,或现阶段反复发生的动作或状态陈述句:I am an office worker.He is so lazy.They are at home now.
否定句: I am not Tim.She is not very beauiful.They are not in the office.
一般疑问句:Are you an office assistant? Is she beautiful?2 由实意动词V构成,引导疑问句和否定句,用do或don’t。第三人称时用does或doesn’t,有does出现动词用原形;第三人称陈述句V后加s或es.陈述句:I work in Shanghai.He works at home.Davy never watches TV at home.
否定句: I don’t like the food in KFC.Davy doesn’t like the food in KFC either.一般疑问句:Do you want a cup of coffee? Does she live near the subway station?一般过去时。1由 be的过去式是 was或 were表示。Is\ am---was;are---were.

yesterday,last week,an hour ago,the day before yesterday,in 1997。在过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。陈述句:I was a big boss.He was beautiful.We were in Beijing last year.
否定句: I was not at home at that moment.We were not at work yesterday.
一般疑问句: Were you a teacher?Was she in the office last week?2由V的过去式构成陈述句,疑问句和否定句用借助于did,有did出现动词用原形。

陈述句:I worked in Sunmoon.We studied English there. He lived in HongKong.
否定句: I didn’t work here.They didn’t see me. She liked English a lot.
一般疑问句: Did you go to America?Did he work in Sunmoon? 时态名称结构常连用的词主要用法例句一般将来时1 任何人称+will+动词原形. tomorrow,next year,the month after next,in two hours.

即将发生动作或状态。陈述句:I will fly to KongKong tomorrow.He will go with us.We will arrive in Shanghai next week.
否定句:I will never believe you again.He will not come tonight.We will not buy a car next year.
一般疑问句:Will you go there by train?Will he come tomorrow?Will they live a five-star hotel?2 is/am/are+going to+V原形,表示计划打算做什么事情。陈述句:I’m going to go to Kongkong by air.否定句:We are not going to buy a house here.
一般疑问句:Are they going to change their jobs?特殊疑问句:How are you going to tell him?过去将来时was/were going to +V原形 在过去将会发生的动作。陈述句:I was going to buy a computer.They told me that they were not going to go abroad.否定句:I was not going to buy a computer.任何人称+would +V原形He said he would come in in Shanghai.I said I would buy you a car one day.

时态名称结构常连用的词主要用法例句现在进行时is/am/are+Ving

now,at the(this)moment
Look!(放在句首)Listen! (放在句首)表示现在( 指说话人说话时) 正在发生的事情。陈述句:I’m waiting for my boy friend.He is doing the housework at home now.We are enjoying ourselves.
否定句:He is not playing toys.
一般疑问句:Are you having dinner at home?Is Tim cooking in the kitchen?
特殊疑问句:What are you doing now?Where are they having a meal?过去进行时was/were+Ving

at that timeat 10 o’clock last nightat that moment等过去具体的时间过去一段时间正在发生的动作。陈述句:I was doing my homework at that time.We were having a party while he was sleeping.否定句:He was not sleeping at 11 o’clock last night.
一般疑问句: Were you watching TV at that time?
特殊疑问句: What were you doing at that moment? 时态名称结构常连用的词主要用法例句现在完成时have/has +done(过去分词)already;just(not just now)yet;ever;never; for two weeks;for a year;for several days;since 2004since last week用来表示之前已发生或完成的动作或状态,其结果的确和现在有联系。动作或状态发生在过去但它的影响现在还存在;也可表示持续到现在的动作或状态。简单的说,就是动作已经发生对现在造成明显的影响。陈述句:I have already told Davy. Davy has known this matter.He has lived here for nearly 10 years.
否定句:I haven’t finished my homework..Tim hasn’t come yet.We haven’t heard any news about him
一般疑问句: Has he worked here since he came here?特殊疑问句: How long have you worked in this company?特别注意:1. have/has always been+名词/形容词/介词:总是或一直是什么样子。。。
He has always been a good father. I have always been busy.
They have always been in America.2. have/has gone to:去了。。。
He has gone to Beijing.They have gone to the cinema.3. have/has been to:表示去过或到过。。。
I have been to Canada. Have you been to Hongkong?
Where have you been? I have never been here.过去完成时had + done(过去分词)by the end of last yearby last year

动作发生在过去的过去。

陈述句:He said he had told Davy.They told us they had finished the work.He left the office after he had called Davy.
否定句:She hadn’t had dinner before she went out.一般疑问句:Had she learnt English before she moved here?特殊疑问句:how many English words had he learnt by the end of last year? 补充:一、情态动词can, must, may。may没有否定形式。
陈述句: I can drive a car. He must tell the truth. We may get there on foot.
否定句:I can’t swim at all. You mustn’t(表示禁止) smoke in the office.
一般疑问句: Can you wait a minute? Must I stay at home? May I use your phone?
特殊疑问句: How can I get there? What must I do now?
由情态动词的过去式构成,can—could.
She could walk when she was one year old.I could not speak English one year ago.

二、各种时态用法补充:
1、一般现在时
(1)在由after, until, befor, once, when, even if ,in case, as long as, as soon as, the moment以及if, unless等引导的时间状语从句或条件状语从句中,通常用一般现在时代替将来时。
例:I will tell him the news as soon as I see him.
我一看见他,就把消息告诉他。
(2)某些表示起始的动词,可用一般现在时表示按规定、计划或安排要发生的动作,这类动词有:be, go, come, start, depart, arrive, begin, leave等。
(3)在由why, what, where, whoever, who, that,as等引导的从句中,也常用一般现在时代替将来时。
例:Tomorrow at this time we’ll give $500 to any one who brings him to justice.
2、一般将来时
(1)be going to +v在口语中广泛使用,表示准备做或即将发生的事情。
例:I’m going to buy a house when we’ve saved enough money.
(2)be to +v表示计划安排将要做的事。
例:There is to be a rail strike on July 18th.
(3)be about to+v表示即将发生的事情。
例:We are about to start.
(4)be e to+v表示预先确定了的、必定要发生的事。
例:His book is e to be published in October.
他的书预定10月份出版。
(5)be on the point/verge of +(v-ing)sth.强调即将发生的某种事态。
例:The country is on the verge of civil war.
这个国家就要打内战了。
3、现在进行时
(1)表示现阶段经常发生的动作,常与always, continually, constantly等连用(多表示赞扬或厌恶等语气)。
例:John is always coming late. 约翰总是迟到。
(2)表示根据计划或安排在最近要进行的事情。具有这种语法功能的动词仅限于过渡性动词,即表示从一个状态或位置转移到另一个状态或位置上去的动词。常用的有;go, come, leave, start, arrive,return等。
例:They are leaving for Hongkong next monty.
他们下个月去香港。
(3)有些动词一般不能使用进行时,这是一类表示“感觉”、“感情”、“存在”、“从属”等的动词。如:see, hear, smell, taste, feel, notice, look, appear(表示感觉的动词);hate, love, fear, like, want, wish, prefer, refuse, forgive(表示感情的动词);be, exist, remain, stay, obtain(表示存在状态的动词);have, possess, own, contain, belong, consist of , form(表示占有与从属的动词);understand, know, belive, think, doubt, forget, remember(表示思考、理解的动词)。但是如果它们词义改变,有时也可使用进行时态。
例:Jane looks pale.What’s wrong with him?
珍妮看上去脸色苍白,她怎么了?(look在此为联系动词)
例:Jane is looking for his books.
珍妮正在寻找她的书。(look在此为实义动词)
4.完成进行时
完成进行时是完成时的强调形式。
5.完成时态
(1)现在完成时与与一般过去时的区别:现在完成时强调过去发生的动作与现在的关系,如所发生的结果、影响等;而一般过去时只表示动作发生在过去表示某一时刻,不表示与现在的关系。
(2)完成时态可用在下列结构中:
This(That,it)is(was )the first(second….)time+定语从句:
This(That,It)is(was) the only (last)+名词+定语从句;This (This,It)is (was)+形容词最高级+名词+定语从句。如果主句的谓语动词是一般将来时,从句的谓语动词动词通常用现在完成时;如果主句谓语动词是一般过去时,从句的谓语动词通常用过去完成时。
例1:This is the first time(that )I’ve drunk Californian champagne.
这是我第一次喝加利福尼亚香槟酒。
例2:There was a knock at the door.It was the second time someone had interrupted me that evening.
有人敲门,这是当天晚上第二次有人打扰我了。
6.动词expect, hope, mean, intend, plan, suppose, wish, want, desire等用过去完成时,表示过去的希望,预期,意图或愿望等没有实现。
例1:I had meant to leave to on Monday, but have stayed on.
我本来打算星期一离开,但最终还是继续留下来了。
另外两种表示“过去想做而未做的事”的表达方式是:
7.was / were+ to have done sth.
例1:We were to have come yesterday, but we couldn’t.
我们本想昨天来的,但我们来不了。
8.intended (expected, hoped, meant, planned, supposed, wished, wanted, desired)+ to have done sth.
例:1I mean to have told you about it, but I forgot to do so.
我本想告诉你这件事,但我忘掉了。
9.过去完成时常用于以下固定句型:
(1)hardly / scarcely / barely+过去完成时(倒装形式)+when +过去时
例1:Hardly had I arrived when I had a new problem to cope with.
我一到达就有新问题要处理。
(2) no sooner+过去完成时(倒装形式)+than +过去时。
例1:No sooner had the words been spoken than he realized that he should have remained silent.
这话刚说出口,他就意识到他本该保持沉默的。
(3)by(the end of )+过去时间,主句中谓语动词用过去完成时。
例1:By the end of that year Henry had collected more than a thousand foreign stamps.
到那年年底,亨利已收集了一千多张外国邮票

⑻ 关于高中英语语法、句法、以及八大时态

语法这一块你不能不重视,也没有必要太重视。只要会用语言就可以了。我也是高二的学生,英语很不错的。建议你买一本语法书,魔法英语的语法书很不错,去买一本,了解一下语法大概有哪些,再把每个语法点挑一个例句出来,理解透彻,最好还自己造一个句子。然后就详细的看每一个你目前还不清楚的语法,这样做下来花不了多少时间的。因为只是太多,通过问答的这种方式不可能讲的很详细,最后,希望我的回答对你有帮助。

⑼ 中学英语的时态学的不好怎么办

赶紧去看嘉奕工作室的中考英语满分攻略——语法篇吧,里面不仅有时态的详细讲解,而且还有词法句法的细致讲解,我之前一提语法就头痛,现在学完之后感觉语法知识都变得有条理了。

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