① 英语语法问题：不理解句子的结构
这个可以理解成是定语从句缩短为形容词性短语的情况，当定语从句回引导词在从句中答作主语，且从句中有be的时候，引导词和be可以省略，即 an emotion (which is) better left entirely unvoiced.
② 英语写作中句子成分及语法问题
由于题干抄中主谓宾俱全，所袭以后面的分词结构只能是状语，就算从逻辑意语上看有解释说明advertising的意思，但它从语法上看不可能是定语或同位语，因为同位语或定语成分一般都要紧跟被修饰的对象。除非硬把它放在advertising后面。如 in conclusion, advertising, not only ...but also..., plays an essential role in society. 相当于 advertising that not only make ... but also ... plays an.... 这样写显然头重脚轻，改成原句读起来更加通顺。
但现在关键是分词结构在本句中就是放在句末而不是句中，那就无法把其视为定语或同位语成分了。这里比较合适的是作为结果状语，作为对其"重要作用或角色 "的补充说明
③ 英语高一语法和句子结构有哪些
先行词在定语从句中充当主语,宾语,时间,地点,原因状语.结构：先行词+关系词+定语从句.1. There she saw a wall of water that was quickly advancing towards her.2. In Japan, someone who sees another person making the gesture will think it means money.3. A theme park is a collection of rides, exhibitions or other attractions that are based on a common theme.4. The park has a conservation center that helps protect marine animals and their habitats in the rivers and coastal waters of Asia.5. Visitors can go on exciting rides where they can feel what it is like to do the things they have seen their heroes do in the movie.6. Oprah Winfrey is a black woman whose rise to fame is an inspiring story.(二)定语从句分为限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句：限定性定语从句：从句对先行词进行必要的描述或说明,缺少它,则句义显得不完整,从句与先行词紧密相连.非限定性定语从句：对先行词进行补充说明,解释,它与先行词之间有逗号隔开.1. Before she could move, she heard a loud noise, which grew to a terrible roar.2. Tree after tree went down, cut down by the water, which must have been three meters deep.3. Flora, whose beautiful hair and dress were all cold and wet, started crying.4. Their talk includes rhythm and rhyming words as well as tongue twisters, which often make the audience applaud.(三)关系词前面可以根据定语从句的内容加上一些介词,这些关系词在介词后面常用which 或whom.1. There was a man with whom I would have to work together and finally the manager of the company.2. Many people who saw the film were afraid to swim in the sea when they remembered the scenes in which people were eaten by the shark.知识重点与难点(一)当先行词有最高级,序数词修饰,是不定代词,或是all, no, only等形式时,关系代词一般用that,而不能用which.1. The Titanic was the largest ship that had ever been built at that time.2. There is one thing that keeps worrying me.(二)当先行词是表示时间,地点,原因的词时,关系词用when, where, why 还有which, that1. I’m very glad to return to my hometown where I had lived for 10 years.2. This is my hometown which I used to talk about to you.3. I think I can understand the reason why he didn’t tell the truth to me.4. No one believes the reason that he gave us about his absence at the meeting.(三)定语从句的简化表达：1. The man who is sitting on the platform is a professor from Wuhan University.2. The letter that was mailed last night will reach him tomorrow.3. The question that is being discussed is very important.4. You are welcome to a party to be given in our class at 7:45.说明：以上的定语从句部分可以用更加简单的非谓语形式表达出来：1. The man sitting on the platform is a professor from Wuhan University.2. The letter mailed last night will reach him tomorrow.3. The question being discussed is very important.4. You are welcome to a party to be given in our class at 7:45.说明：修饰一个名词除了后面用定语从句以外,还可以用非谓语动词形式：doing短语,done短语,being done短语,to be done短语修饰.其结构和意思如下：1. 被修饰名词+doing短语： 正在做….的人/正在发生的事.2. 被修饰名词+ done短语： 被…..的人/事3. 被修饰名词+being done短语：正在被…..的人/事4. 被修饰名词+ to be done短语：将要被…..的人/事(1)Do you know the man talking to my sister ?(2)The “crazy” gesture, moving the index finger in a circle in front of the ear, means “you have a phone call” in Brazil.(3)Did you see that car being repaired ?(4)In a camera, the lens must be focused on the object to be photographed.(5)The students to attend the meeting will arrive here tomorrow.(6)Goods imported from abroad are not always better than those made in China.(7)The Yellow River, said to be “the mother river” runs across China like a huge dragon.总结：以上做定语的那些短语就是英语语法中所说的分词,不定式的各种形式作定语.1. 这些短语作定语应放在被修饰名词的后面.如果单独一个V-ing或V-ed形式作定语,则可以放在被修饰名词前面.2. 分词作定语时,其动作应与全句动作同时发生.V-ing表示主动意义和正在做,V-ed表示被动意义.being done表示正在被做的3. 不定式作定语表示将要发生的,to be done表示将要被做的【典型例题】[例1] Friendship is needed by all, _____ plays an important role in people’s lives.A. whichB. thatC. whoD. it分析：_____ plays an important role in people’s lives为非限定性定语从句修饰先行词Friendship用which连接定语从句.答案：A[例2] Uncle Li _____ I worked three years ago has retired now.A. whoB. whom C. with whomD. to whom分析：_____ I worked three years ago作为定语从句修饰先行词Uncle Li,从句完整的表达是：I worked with Uncle Li three years ago. 所以关系词前应加上介词with.答案：C[例3] Is this the reason _____ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work ?A. he explained B. what he explained C. how he explainedD. why he explained分析：定语从句_____ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work修饰先行词the reason指“他在会上就他工作中的粗心解释的原因.先行词在从句中做宾语.答案：A[例4] Teachers, _____ work is rather hard, are being better paid than before.A. who B. that C. whichD. whose分析：非限定性定语从句_____ work is rather hard修饰先行词teachers, 它与从句中的work是从属关系,关系词用whose答案：D[例5 ] The Olympic Games , _____ in 776 BC, didn’t included women players until 1912.A. first playingB. to be first playedC. first playedD. to be first playing分析：公元前776年被首次举行的奥运会,直到1912年才容纳女运动员._____in 776 BC做定语修饰The Olympic Games,指过去的内容,表示被动.用done做定语.答案：C[例6] The houses _____ for the teachers and the construction work will start soon.A. built B. to be built C. to buildD. being built分析：根据句意房子即将开工._____ for the teachers and the construction work修饰The houses应为The houses The houses将要为教师和施工修建的房子.答案：B[例7] How many of us_____, a meeting that is not important to us would be interested in the discussion?A. attendedB. attendingC. to attendD. have attended分析：根据句意：比如说,我们当中参加一个对我们毫不重要的会议的人会有多少人对这个讨论感兴趣呢?_____, say, a meeting that is not important to us修饰How many of us做定语.与全句动作同步.答案：B[例8] She has three children, _____ is working in Australia.A. whoB. one of whom C. one of them D. none of them分析：非限定性定语从句__ is working in Australia修饰先行词three children,根据从句中的is判断,是说：三个孩子中的一个在澳大利亚工作.答案：B【模拟试题】1. Susan is the very girl _____ the good deed.A. whom I think didB. whom I think she didC. who I think didD. I think who did2. Luckily, the poor boy had enough money _____ he could buy a train ticket.A. by whichB. on whichC. with whichD. for which3. The book _____ he devoted much time is to come out next month.A. whereB. whichC. to whichD. on which4. The day came finally _____ I was given an opportunity to act in the play.A. whenB. in that C. whichD. in which5. 1. Don’t you think the question _____ tomorrow is of great importance.A. being discussedB. discussedC. to be discussedD. to discuss6. The food _____ at the moment is for the dinner party.A. cookedB. to be cooked C. is being cookedD. being cooked7. Do you know the teacher _____ under the big tree ?A. readB. readsC. readingD. being read【试题答案】1. C Susan 正是我认为作了好事的那位女孩.先行词the very girl在从句中做think的宾语,同时又是后面宾语从句did the good deed.的主语,所以关系词不能用whom2. C 定语从句_____ he could buy a train ticket.修饰先行词money：用这笔钱买火车票.关系词前面需要加介词：with3. C定语从句_____ he devoted much time意思是：他把大量的时间都投入在这本书上了.devote….to sth.关系词前加介词：to4. A 定语从句_____ I was given an opportunity to act in the play修饰先行词the day ：先行词the day在从句中做时间状语：在这一天我得到了扮演一个角色的机会.5. C 短语_____ tomorrow做定语修饰the question,根据表达的内容：明天即将被讨论的问题.应当用不定式的被动结构做定语.6. D 短语_____ at the moment做the food的定语,表示：正在做的食物.Being done 做定语表示：正在被……的…….7. C 现在分词短语reading under the big tree做定语修饰the teacher 表示：正在大树下看书的那位老师.情态动词1. 情态动词的推测表达2. 情态动词表达虚拟语气3. 某些情态动词的特殊用法知识重点与难点总结知识重点：情态动词在表达推测意义的句子中的运用：(一)用情态动词表达事实的推测.can,could,might,may,must可以用来表达对事实的推测.根据说话人对事实的把握性大小,must表示“肯定…”,may / might / can / could表示“可能……”, must只用于肯定句中,may / might的否定式may not / might not表示 “可能不……”, 而can / could可以用于疑问句,表示“可能,可能……吗?”,其否定式can’t / couldn’t 表示“不可能”.用情态动词可以对现在或过去的事实进行推测.对不同的时间内容推测有不同的结构.(二)对现在的事实进行推测：主要结构：…must / may / might +动词原形be+名词/形容词/介词短语be + doing例句：1. You must be Jeanne. I’m Mathilde Loisel. We used to know each other very well.2. They must be in bed already at this time of the night.3. The teacher must be joking.4. Freda isn’t in class. She must be sick.5. There must be something wrong.6. She might be very clever, but she hasn’t got much common sense.7. He may be arriving this evening.8. He may be traveling around the world.9. The keys can’t be in the room. I have just searched it very carefully.10. Can the news be true ?(三)对过去的事实进行推测：结构：情态动词+have done / been+名词/形容词/介词短语例句：1. Mrs. Longmans must have been a pretty girl in her youth.2. He couldn’t have seen Anna yesterday. She’s gone abroad.3. I think I must have left my glasses in the library.4. He might have overslept again.5. Where can Tom have gone ?情态动词表达虚拟语气：表达“本来…”,“不然早就…”.这是情态动词的一种虚拟语气用法.表示说话人所讲的与所发生的事实相反.表达了说话人的埋怨,后悔的语气.其结构是在一些情态动词后面加 have done 结构.根据要表达的意思
④ 英语语法句子结构
They主语 are谓语 very low maintenance表语.
And, most important状语,the yellow divers 主语if ication,状语从句or spreading the risk状语, with the investor's money.状语，这个句子没回有谓语，有误的。答
⑤ 英语语法：句子结构的一个小问题
最近看到一本语法书，很肯定地说到英语的句子结构有5种：+V...等等~
但是我记得以前英语老师的说法是：英语的句子只有“主谓结构”和“主系表”结构两种。
那么
他们的说法都对吗？为什么会有这两种不同的说法呢？
到底哪一种说法比较容易理解英语的句子结构呢？
答：你的老师很会教，由浅入深。
英语句子，从结构上来分，有三种：简单句、并列句和复合句。后两种句子是由简单句通过连词并列或连接而来。所以先要研究简单句。
从主语和谓语的关系来看，简单句就只有两种：主系表结构和主谓结构。前者表示“主语是什么，怎么样，在何处”，后者表示“主语干什么”
主系表结构的系动词主要是Be动词，表示“是，在”的意思，主要变化在表语，有名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、不定式，动名词、分词等等。如：He is a student/ tall/ over there/at home/ to do sth. His job is teaching English. He is moved
主谓结构又可根据动词的及物不及物分成两类：
1. 主谓句型SV. 谓语动词是不及物的，如：He smiled.
2. 主谓+宾语句型。 谓语动词是及物动词。根据及物动词的不同，又可分三类：
1)主谓单宾句型，简称主谓宾句型SVO： I like English.
2) 主谓双宾句型，又称主谓宾宾句型：SVOi Od: He gave me a gift.
3) 主谓复宾句型，又称主谓宾补句型：SVOC：
而这宾语补足语根据宾语和它逻辑上的的关系 又可分成两种情况1. 主表关系、2、主谓关系：
1. 主表关系：We consider him honest ( he is honest)
宾补可以是：名词、形容词、副词、介词短语等等
2. 主谓动作关系：ask sb. to do sth. ; see sb. doing sth.
宾补可以是:不定式，分词 等等。
实际上就是五种简单的句型。也有人将there be句型单独作为一个句型（实为主系表句型或主谓句型，只不过是倒装句）
这样讲解，脉络更清楚。
⑥ 英语语法 关于句子的成分，种类和结构
句子的种类：陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句等.
句子的成分：英语的句子成分分为七种：主语、谓语、宾语、定语、表语、宾语补足语。
结构有简单句、复合句（复合句又分并列复合句和主从复合句）
⑦ ①中国的句子成分的规则适用于英语语法 ②中国的语法与英语的语法有何不同 完成我的问题的必有重谢
中文一开始是没有语法的 ,语法这个东西是从西方引进的,中文以前连标点符号都没有,更妄论语法了。除了共性之外，中文有量词、没有冠词、分词、不定式、动名词、表语、时态；而英文则没有量词，但有冠词、分词、不定式、动名词、表语、时态。
英语和汉语的十大区别
一、英语重结构,汉语重语义
我们看一看下面的例子：
Children will play with dolls equipped with personality chips,computers with inbuilt personalities will be regarded as workmates rather than tools,relaxation will be in front of smell television,and digital age will have arrived.儿童将与装有个性芯片的玩具娃娃玩耍,具有个性内置的计算机将被视为工作伙伴而不是工具,人们将在气味电视前休闲,到这时数字时代就来到了。
二、英语多长句,汉语多短句
一般来讲，英语句子结构上若没有出现错误,许多意思往往可以放在一个长句中表达；汉语则正好相反。汉语的语义是通过字词直接表达,不同的意思往往通过不同的短句表达出来。如：
Interest in historical methods had arisen less through external challenge to the validity of history as an intellectual discipline and more from internal quarrels among historians themselves. 人们对历史研究方法产生了爱好,这与其说是因为外部对历史作为一门知识学科的有效性提出了挑战,还不如说是因为历史学家内部发生了争吵。
三、英语多从句,汉语多分句
英语句子不仅可以在简单句中使用很长的修饰语使句子变长,同时也可以用从句使句子变复杂,而这些从句往往通过从句引导词与主句或其它从句连接,整个句子尽管表面上看错综复杂却是一个整体。汉语本来就喜欢用短句,加上表达结构相对松散,英语句子中的从句翻成汉语时往往成了一些分句。如：
On the whole such a conclusion can be drawn with a certain degree of confidence but only if the child can be assumed to have had the same attitude towards the test as the other with whom he is compared,and only if he was not punished by lack of relevant information which they possessed.总的来说,得出这样一个结论是有一定程度掌握的,但是必须具备两个条件：能够假定这个孩子对测试的态度和与他相比的另一个孩子的态度相同；他也没有因缺乏别的孩子已掌握的有关知识而被扣分。
四、在主语,宾语等名词成分中，英语多代词,汉语多名词
在句子中,英语多用名词和介词,汉语多用动词。英语不仅有we、you、he、they等人称代词,而且还有that、which之类的关系代词,在长而复杂的句子,为了使句子结构准确、语义清楚,同时避免表达上的重复,英语往往使用很多代词。汉语虽然也有代词,但由于结构相对松散、句子相对较短,汉语里不能使用太多的代词,使用名词往往使语义更加清楚。如：
There will be television chat shows hosted by robots,and cars with pollution monitors that will disable them when they offend.届时,将出现由机器人主持的电视访谈节目及装有污染监测器的汽车,一旦这些汽车污染超标（或违规）,监测器就会使其停驶。
五、英语多被动,汉语多主动
英语比较喜欢用被动语态,科技英语尤其如此。汉语虽然也有“被”、“由”之类的词表示动作是被动的,但这种表达远没有英语的被动语态那么常见,因此,英语中的被动在汉译中往往成了主动。下面我们先看一组常用被动句型的汉译：
It must be pointed out that… 必须指出……
It must be admitted that… 必须承认……
It is imagined that… 人们认为……
It can not be denied that… 不可否认……
It will be seen from this that… 由此可知……
It should be realized that… 必须认识到……
It is （always）stressed that… 人们（总是）强调……
It may be said without fear of exaggeration that… 可以毫不夸张地说……
这些常用被动句型属于习惯表达法,在科技英语中出现频率很高,考生不仅要认识这些句型的固定翻译,同时要熟悉到许多英语中的被动从习惯上来讲要译成汉语的主动。如：And it is imagined by many that the operations of the common mind can by no means be compared with these processes,and that they have to be required by a sort of special training.许多人认为,普通人的思维活动根本无法与科学家的思维活动相比,认为这些思维活动必须经过某种专门练习才能把握。
有些英语被动需要把主语译成汉语的宾语,这样才能更加符合中文的表达习惯。如：New sources of energy must be found,and this will take time,but it is not likely to result in any situation that will ever restore that sense of cheap and plentiful energy we have had in the past time.必须找到新的能源,这需要时间；而过去我们感觉到的那种能源价廉而充足的情况将不大可能再出现了。
六、英语多变化,汉语多重复
熟悉英语的人都知道,英语表达相同的意思时往往变换表达方式.第一次说“我认为”可以用“I think”,第二次再用“I think”显然就很乏味,应该换成“I believe”或“I imagine”之类的表达。相比之下,汉语对变换表达方式的要求没有英语那么高,很多英语中的变化表达译成重复表达就行了。如：The monkey's most extraordinary accomplishment was learning to operate a tractor. By the age of nine,the monkey had learned to solo on the vehicle.这只猴子最了不起的成就是学会驾驶拖拉机.到九岁的时候,这只猴子已经学会了单独表演驾驶拖拉机了。
七、英语多抽象,汉语多详细
做翻译实践较多的人都有这样的体会：英文句子难译主要难在结构复杂和表达抽象上.通过分析句子的结构,把长句变短句、从句变分句,结构上的难题往往迎刃而解.表达抽象则要求译者吃透原文的意思、用详细的中文进行表达,这往往具有更大的挑战性。如：
disintegration 土崩瓦解；ardent 热心的，热情的；loyalty 赤胆忠心；total exhaustion 筋疲力尽；far-sightedness 远见卓识；careful consideration 深思熟虑；perfect harmony 水乳交融；feed on fancies 画饼充饥；with great eagerness 如饥似渴；lack of erseverance 三天打鱼,两天晒网；make a little contribution （捐款；捐助）添砖加瓦；on the verge of destruction 危在旦夕
从上面的例子不难看出,英语表达往往比较抽象,汉语则喜欢比较具体.我们再看一个翻译：Until such time as mankind has the sense to lower its population to the points whereas the planet can provide a comfortable support for all,people will have to accept more “unnatural food.”除非人类终于意识到要把人口减少到这样的程度：使地球能为所有人提供足够的饮食,否则人们将不得不接受更多的“人造食品”。
八、英语多引申,汉语多推理
英语有两句俗话：1. You know a word by the company it keeps.要知义如何,要害看词伙；2. Words do not have meaning,but people have meaning for them.词本无义,义随人生。这说明词典对词的定义和解释是死的,而实际运用中的语言是活的。从原文角度来说,这种活用是词义和用法的引申,翻译的时候要准确理解这种引申,译者就需要进行推理。如：While there are almost as many definitions of history as there are historians,modern practice most closely conforms to one that sees history as the attempt to recreate and explain the significant events of the past.尽管关于历史的定义几乎和历史学家一样多,现代实践最符合这样一种定义,即把历史看作是对过去重大历史事件的再现和解释。
九、英语多省略,汉语多补充
英语一方面十分注意句子结构,另一方面又喜欢使用省略.英语省略的类型很多,著名词的省略,动词的省略,有句法方面的省略,也有情景方面的省略.在并列结构中,英语往往省略前面已出现过的词语,而汉语则往往重复这些省略了的词。如：Ambition is the mother of destruction as well as of evil.野心不仅是罪恶的根源,同时也是毁灭的根源。
Reading exercises one's eyes；Speaking,one's tongue； while writing,one's mind.阅读训练人的眼睛,说话训练人的口齿,写作训练人的思维。
十、英语多前重心,汉语多后重心
在表达多逻辑思维时,英语往往是判定或结论等在前,事实或描写等在后,即重心在前；汉语则是由因到果、由假设到推论、由事实到结论,即重心在后。比较：
I was all the more delighted when,as a result of the initiative of your Government it proved possible to reinstate the visit so quickly.由于贵国政府的提议,才得以这样快地重新实现访问.这使我感到特殊兴奋。
The assertion that it was difficult,if not impossible,for a people to enjoy its basic rights unless it was able to determine freely its political status and to ensure freely its economic,social and cultural development was now scarcely contested. 假如一个民族不能自由地决定其政治地位,不能自由地保证其经济、社会和文化的发展,要享受其基本权利,即使不是不可能,也是不轻易的.这一论断几乎是无可置辩的了。
⑧ 请问这句英语句子对不对有没有什么语法错误，句子结构对不对
这个句子是正确的，没有语法错误。但是which引导的定语从句可以改为"a traditional festival",这样更简洁。
⑨ 关于英语的句子成分和语法问题
第一句 when + doing 的形式属于分词短语做状语（这种状语允许在前面加连词when, if, after等），要求逻辑主语和句子主语一致。你之所以说从句和主句的主语不相同，是因为你考虑的主句主语是 the first factor，而when引导的状语的逻辑主语是 undergraate students，但是如果你仔细看这个句子，就会发现其实它是多层结构：第一层主句是 The first factor ... is their intended career. 从that 开始的是一个定语从句，定语从句中又有 when 引导的状语。所以从定语从句这个小范围看，状语的逻辑主语还是没问题的。（把定语从句还原为陈述句，是 undergraate students should consider a factor when deciding...）我这么说你能理解吧？
第二句的确难以用常规语法解释，但是也不难理解：it 就是形式主语，实际上的主语是 (the) time for university graates to decide their next step in life，因为这个主语很长，所以用形式主语代替，只不过语法书上一般列出来的是主语为从句、不定式或动名词等情况，而这句话里的主语就是个名词短语，仅仅因为太长就采用形式主语，只能说用得比较随意，但是实际使用中，确实见过。我的建议是：如果这是阅读题，可以理解为英语母语者比较自由的用法，毕竟是人家的语言，怎样变化能接受，是他们说了算，也可以简单记为“固定搭配”（即 when it come times for sth./ to do sth）；如果是你自己写作，还是慎用这种看上去不合语法的结构，判卷的老师未必什么用法都见过。
⑩ 有关英语句子结构
中学课本里面学的是表语，
大概是不同的语法体系里面有不同的结构
表语是predicative， 你这本书里就完全没这个