㈠ 求初中英语基本句型，基本结构
关于名词，我们必须掌握名词的数，名词的格。
单数可用a、an来修饰可数名词单数，在元音发音开头的单词前用an，而不是a
1.复数的构成方法：(1)一般在复数名词后加s，如：dog--dogs。
(2)以s、x、ch、sh结尾的名词加es，如：watch--watches。
(3)以辅音字母加y结尾的名词，变y为i加es， 如：country--countries。
请区别：如果是元音字母加y结尾的名词，则只须加s。 如：monkey--monkeys。
(4)以o结尾的名词，只有potato(土豆)，tomato(西红柿)加es构成复数。
(5)以f、fe结尾的名词，变f、fe为v再加es， 如：knife--knives。
2.单复数形式相同的词：sheep--sheep，fish--fish Chinese--Chinese，Japanese--Japanese
3.特殊变化的单词有：(1)tooth--teeth，foot--feeth
(2)man--men，woman--women，policeman--policemen,Frenchman--Frenchmen
请区别：German(德国人)—Germans (3)child—children
4.常以复数形式出现的名词：people(人)，clothes(衣服)，trousers(裤子) glasses(眼镜) ,这些名词作主语时，同学们应特别注意它们的谓语，用复数。 如：My clothes are (be) newer than yours.
5.有些名词看似复数形式，实际上是单数。这一点是同学不易掌握的，应特别加以记忆。如：news(消息)，maths(数学)，physics(物理) No news is good news.
6.可用how many，many，a few，few，a lot of，lots of，some，any等来修饰可数名词复数。 How many are there in your pencil-box?(knife)
不可数名词：1.常见的不可数名词有：water，rice，fish，meat，等。应特别记medicine,news,work,homework,housework,money,chalk,weather,cotton,wood.
2.不可数名词无复数，作主语时常看成单数。如：Some bread__________over there.(be)
3.常用how much,much,a little,little,a lot of,some,any等来修饰不可数名词。
4.常用a piece of,a cup of等来表示不可数名词的量。如要表达“两片面包”这样的意义，bread仍为不可数名词，不加s，而piece则可加s。即：twopiecesof bread
请区别：可数名词也可用量来表示， 如：三箱苹果three boxes of apples
例： 1、These two pieces of bread __________over there.(be)
2、Could I have three ___________,please？
A.piece of breadB.piece of breadsC.pieces of bread D.pieces of breads
名词的格 名词所有格的构成方法，在名词后加“ 's”。如：Tom→Tom's译为“…的”，若遇上以s结尾的复数名词，则在s后加“ '”即可。如：Teachers'Day , twoweeks'holiday，而不以s结尾的复数名词的所有格，仍按惯例加's 。如：Children's Day
关于名词所有格，应掌握以下几点：
知识点太多了。
我发送到你信箱里吧！
㈡ 初中英语句型结构
基本句型一： S+V （主＋谓）
基本句型二： S+V+P （主＋谓＋表）
基本句型三： S+V+O （主＋谓＋宾）
基本句型四： S+V+o+O （主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾）
基本句型五： S+V+O+C （主＋谓＋宾＋宾补）
基本句型 一
此句型的句子有一个共同特点，即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。
这类动词叫做不及物动词，后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。
S+V （不及物动词）
1. The sun │was shining.
2. The moon │rose.
3. The universe │remains.
4. We all │breathe, eat, and drink.
5. Lucy and Mary │get up early every morning.
6. What he said │does not matter.
7. They │had talked for half an hour when I came in.
8. His parents │have worked in the factory for more than ten years.
基本句型 二
此句型的句子有一个共同的特点：句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语，才能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做连系动词。系动词分两类：be, look, keep, seem等属一类，表示情况；get, grow, become, turn等属另一类，表示变化。be 本身没有什么意义,只起连系主语和表语的作用。其它系动词仍保持其部分词义。
S+V（是系动词）+ P
1. This │is │an English-Chinese dictionary.
2. The dinner │smells │good.
3. He │fell │in love.
4. Everything │looks │different.
5. He │is growing │tall and strong.
6. The trouble │is │that they are short of money.
7. Our well │has gone │dry.
8. His face │turned │red.
附：
联系动词（Link Verb）本身有词义，但不能单独用作谓语，后边必须跟表语（亦称补语），构成系表结构说明主语的状况、性质、特征等情况。
有些系动词又是实义动词，该动词表达实义时，有词义，可单独作谓语，例如：
He fell ill yesterday.他昨天病了。（fell是系动词，后跟补足语，说明主语情况。）
He fell off the ladder. 他从梯子上摔下来。fell是实义动词，单独作谓语。
1）状态系动词
用来表示主语状态，只有be一词，例如：
He is a teacher. 他是一名教师。（is与补足语一起说明主语的身份。）
2）持续系动词
用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度，主要有keep, rest, remain, stay, lie, stand, 例如：
He always kept silent at meeting. 他开会时总保持沉默。
This matter rests a mystery. 此事仍是一个谜。
3）表像系动词
用来表示"看起来像"这一概念，主要有seem, appear, look, 例如：
He looks tired. 他看起来很累。
He seems (to be) very sad. 他看起来很伤心。
4）感官系动词
感官系动词主要有feel, smell, sound, taste, 例如：
This kind of cloth feels very soft. 这种布手感很软。
This flower smells very sweet. 这朵花闻起来很香。
5）变化系动词
这些系动词表示主语变成什么样，变化系动词主要有become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run.
He became mad after that. 自那之后，他疯了。
She grew rich within a short time. 她没多长时间就富了。
6）终止系动词
表示主语已终止动作，主要有prove, turn out, 表达"证实"，"变成"之意，例如：
The rumor proved false.这谣言证实有假。
The search proved difficult.搜查证实很难。
His plan turned out a success. 他的计划终于成功了。（turn out表终止性结果）
基本句型 三
此句型句子的共同特点是：谓语动词都具有实义，都是主语产生的动作，但不能表达完整的意思，必须跟有一个宾语，即动作的承受者，才能使意思完整。这类动词叫做及物动词。
S+V（及物动词）+O
1. Who │knows │the answer?
2. She │smiled │her thanks.
3. He │has refused │to help them.
4. He │enjoys │reading.
5. They │ate │what was left over.
6. He │said │"Good morning."
7. I │want │to have a cup of tea.
8. He │admits │that he was mistaken.
基本句型 四
此句型的句子有一个共同特点：谓语动词必须跟有两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。这两个宾语一个是动作的直接承受者，另一个是动作的间接承受者。
通常这一间接承受者用一个介词来连接，当动作的间接承受者在动作的直接承受者之前时，这一介词往往被省略。
S +V（及物）+o（多指人）+O（多指物）
1. She │ordered │herself │a new dress.
2. She │cooked │her husband │a delicious meal.
3. He │brought │you │a dictionary.
4. He │denies │her │nothing.
5. I │showed │him │my pictures.
6. I │gave │my car │a wash.
7. I │told │him │that the bus was late.
8. He │showed │me │how to run the machine.
基本句型 五
此句型的句子的共同特点是：动词虽然是及物动词，但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思，必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语，才能使意思完整。
S+V（及物）+O（宾语）+C（宾补）
1. They │appointed │him │manager.
2. They │painted │the door │green.
3. This │set │them │thinking.
4. They │found │the house │deserted.
5. What │makes │him │think so?
6. We │saw │him │out.
7. He │asked │me │to come back soon.
8. I │saw │them │getting on the bus.
但常用的英语句子并不都象基本句型这样简短，这些句子除了基本句型的成分不变外，通常是在这些成分的前面或后面增加一些修饰语（modifier）而加以扩大。这些修饰语可以是单词（主要是形容词、副词和数词），也可以是各种类型的短语（主要是介词短语、不定式短语和分词短语）。下面以基本句型五为例：
We found the hall full. 我们发现礼堂坐满了。
We found the great hall full of students and teachers. 我们发现大礼堂坐满了学生和教师。
We found the great hall full of students and teachers listening to an important report.
我们发现大礼堂坐满了学生和教师，在听一个重要报告。
We found the great hall full of students and teachers listening to an important report made by a comrade from the People's Daily on current affairs in East Europe.
我们发现大礼堂坐满了学生和教师，在听人民日报的一位同志作有关东欧局势的重要报告。
不同的动词使用的句型也不尽一样，因此在学习动词时，应掌握动词的类型。以 get 为例：
He's getting angry. (S V C)
He got through the window. (S V M)
You'll get a surprise. (S V O)
He got his shoes and socks wet. (S V O C)
He got himself into trouble. (S V O M)
He got her a splendid present. (S V 0 O)
在句子中词类和词的位置也影响句子的句型和意思:
I found the book easily.我很容易地找到了这本书。（S V O M）
I found the book easy. 我觉得这本书很容易。 （S V O C）
I have to do something. 我得做点事。
I have something to do. 我有点事做。
㈢ 请告诉我一些关于初中英语的短语句型结构
enjoy doing sth 喜欢做某事
have fun doing sth做某事很开心
give up doing sth 放弃做某事
wait to do sth 等待做某事
stop to do sth 停下来去做某事
stop to do sth 停止做某事
remember to do sth记得去做某事
remember doing sth记得做过某事
practice doing sth练习做某事
make sb do sth让某人做某事
feel like doing sth 感觉喜欢做某事
a lot of == lots of 接可数或不可数名词均可
a kind of 一种 接单数可数名词
kinds of 数种 同上
all kinds of 各种各样的 同上
㈣ 初中英语八大时态基本结构
初中英语八大时态基本结构：
1.一般现在时: 主语+do/does(现在分词)
2.现在进版行时: 主语+am/is/are doing
3.一般过去权时: 主语+did
4.过去进行时: was/were doing
5.现在完成时: have/has done
6.过去完成时: had done
7.一般将来时: will do/be going to do
8.过去将来时: was/were to /would do
㈤ 初中英语 五种基本句子结构
你好，很高心为你解答
英语的基本成分有六种：主语（subject）、谓语（predicate）、表语
（predicative）、宾语（object）、定语（attribute）和状语(adverbial)。
英语句子成分中,有些具有形态标志。如第一人称代词作主语就用主格“I”,
作宾语用宾格“me”，作定语用所有格“my”。这些形态变化对分析辨认成分
很有帮助。
汉语与英语就句子成分表面上看来差不多，实际上有不少差别。例如：
(1) Xiao Li went to bed as soon as he came home.
小李回家后, 立刻就睡觉了。
(2) I'll go when I have had my dinner.
我吃了饭就去。
在英语中，同一个主语在第二次出现时不能省略，必须把每个谓语所陈述的对象都表示出来。而在汉语中，同一个主语在句中第二次出现时，就可以省
略。如例（1）中，汉语说“小李回家后立刻就睡觉了”，省去了第二个分句
的主语，倒可以避免造成误解。若将第二次出现的主语补出来，说成“小李回
家后，他立刻就睡觉了”。听的人反而可能把那个“他”误会成另一个人。
英语五种基本句型列式如下：
基本句型一： S+V （主＋谓）
基本句型二： S+V+P （主＋谓＋表）
基本句型三： S+V+O （主＋谓＋宾）
基本句型四： S+V+o+O （主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾）
基本句型五： S+V+O+C （主＋谓＋宾＋宾补）
㈥ 英语中的句式结构一般有哪些（初中阶段）
五大基本句型
1.主（n./pron./to do sth/doing sth/主语从句）——谓（vi.如：come, go, arrive, stay, work, fall, rise, die, happen, fail, appear,lie,sit,stand,last)
The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.
Your brother has gone home.
We work hard at English.
2.主-------谓（vt.如：visit, spend, forget, raise,have,seat,astonish,satisfy,embarass)-----宾（n./ pron./to do sth/doing sth/宾语从句）
I study chemistry and he studies physics.
I have never seen such an interesting film.
He doesn't know what to read.
3.主-------谓（vt.)------间接宾语（sb)-------直接宾语(sth.)
(1).Give sb sth=Give sth to sb: send, pass, hand, show
(2).Buy sb sth=Buy sth for sb: make, get, cook, call, find
(3).Ask sb sth=Ask sth of sb
Will you lend me your bike?
Peter bought Mary a new dress.
Please get him some hot water.
Will you tell us sth about your school life?
This little boy is always asking the teacher all sorts of questions.
Pass me the paper, please.
John is teaching Mary how to ride a bicycle.
4.主-----谓(vt.)-------宾-------补(n./adj/adv/介词短语/to do sth----如：ask, tell, order,want, wish, encourage, allow, forbid/Do sth----如：“四看”、“二听”、“一感觉”；have, let 与 make /Doing sth/Done by sb.)
I saw her enter the lab.
Nathan Hale felt his heart beating fast.
We elected him our school headmaster.
The students often keep their classroom clean and tidy.
I'll have the bike repaired.
I heard him singing happily in the next room.
That man made the boy obey him.
He painted the door red.
She found her bike stolen.
let me have a look.
We call her Xiao li.
We asked them to stay for lunch.
I wish you to go with me.
Don't keep your mother waiting.
suddenly she saw a wallet lying on the ground.
5.主-----系(be/look,smell,taste,sound,feel/prove,remain,stay,keep/turn,get,become,make)----表。
The news was exciting.
He was excited at the news.
The teachers' office is clean and tidy.
She became a League member in 1978.
The Summer Palace looks especially beauitiful in the early morning.
The music sounds sweet. Your answer doesn't sound right.
The dish smells good/delicious.
The liquid tastes bitter.
My job is to teach English./teaching English.
This story is very interesting.
I'm interested in the story. He became a writer in 1960.
比较： He turned writer in 1960. He will make a good athlete.（成为）希望你能熟记上述经典例句，真正掌握这五大基本句型呀。
祝你学习进步，更上一层楼！ (*^__^*)
不明白的再问哟，请及时采纳，多谢！
㈦ 初中英语八大句型结构
1 see，hear，notice，find，feel，listen to，look at (感官动词)+ do
2 (比较级 and 比较级) 表示越来越…回…
3，ask sb. for sth. 向某人答什么
㈧ 初中英语的语法与句型详细点，介绍点例子！！！
一般现在时：1.概念：表示经常发生的情况；有规律出现的情况；总是发生的；和事实真理。
2.时间状语：Always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…），once a week(day, year, month…），on Sundays（on Mondays …），
3.基本结构：动词 原形 （如主语为第三人称单数，动词上要改为第三人称单数形式）
4.否定形式：主语 + am/is/are + no t + 其他； 此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词，则在其前加don't，如主语为第三人称单数，则用doesn't，同时还原行为动词。
5.一般疑问句：把be动词放于句首；用助动词do提问，如主语为第三人称单数，则用does，同时，还原行为动词。
6.例句：It seldom snows here.这里很少下雪。
He is always ready to help others.他总是乐于帮助别人。
Action speaks louder than words.事实胜于雄辩。
二、 一般过去时
1.概念：过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。
2.时间状语：ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week, last(year, night, month…），in 1989,just now, at the age of 5,one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc.
3.基本结构：主语 + 动词的过去式或be的过去式+名词
4.否定形式：主语 + was/were + not + 其他；在行为动词前加didn't，同时还原行为动词。
5.一般疑问句：was或were放于句首；用助动词do的过去式did 提问，同时还原行为动词。
6.例句：She often came to help us in those days.那些天她经常来帮助我们。
I didn't know you were so busy.我不知道你是这么忙。
三、 一般将来时
1.概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。
2.时间状语：Tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…），soon, in a few minutes, by…，the day after tomorrow, etc.
3.基本结构：主语 + am/is/are + going to + do + 其它；主语 + will/shall + do + 其它
4.否定形式：主语 + am/is/are not going to do ；主语 + will/shall not do + 其它
5.一般疑问句：be放于句首；will/shall提到句首。{首字母大写}
6.例句：They are going to have a competition with us in studies.他们将有一场比赛和我们一起研究。
It is going to rain.天要下雨了。
四、 一般过去将来时
1.概念：立足于过去某一时刻，从过去看将来，常用于宾语从句中。
2.时间状语：The next day (morning \, year…），the following month(week…），etc.
3.基本结构：主语 + was/were + going to + do + 其它；主语 + would/should + do +其它
4.否定形式：主语 + was/were + not + going to + do; 主语 + would/should + not + do.
5.一般疑问句：was或were放于句首；would/should 提到句首。
6.例句：He said he would go to Beijing the next day.他说他第二天要去北京。
I asked who was going there.我问，谁要去那里。
五、 现在进行时
1.概念：表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。
2.时间状语：Now, at this time, days, etc. look, listen
3.基本结构：主语 + be + doing + 其它
4.否定形式：主语 + be + not +doing + 其它
5.一般疑问句：把be动词放于句首。
6.例句：How are you feeling today? 你今天感觉如何？
He is doing well in his lessons.在课上他表现得很好。
六、 过去进行时
1.概念：表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。
2.时间状语：at this time yesterday, at that time或以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。
3.基本结构 主语+was/were +doing +其它
4.否定形式：主语+was/were + not +doing+其它
5.一般疑问句：把was或were放于句首。（第一个字母大写）
6.例句：At that time she was working in a PLA unit.那段时间她在人民解放军部队工作。
When he came in, I was reading a newspaper.他进来时，我正在读报纸。
七、 将来进行时
1.概念：表示将来某一时间正在进行的动作，或表示要在将来某一时间开始，并继续下去的动作。常用来表示询问、请求等。
2.时间状语：Soon, tomorrow, this evening，on Sunday, by this time，in two days, tomorrow evening
3.基本结构：主语 + shall/will + be + 现在分词 + 其它
4.否定形式：主语 + shall/will + not + be + 现在分词 + 其它
5.例句：This time next day they will be sitting in the cinema.下一天的这个时间，他们正坐在电影院。
He won’t be coming to the party.他不去参加聚会了。
八、 过去将来进行时
1.概念：表示就过去某一时间而言，将来某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动作，主要用于宾语从句中，尤其多用于间接引语中。
2.基本结构：should/would + be + 现在分词
3.例句：They said they would be coming.他们说了他们将要来。
He said he could not come because he would be having a meeting.他说他不能来因为要开会。
九、 现在完成时
1.概念：过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。
2.时间状语：yet, already ,just, never, ever, so far, by now, since + 时间点，for + 时间段，recently, lately, in the past few years, etc.
3.基本结构：主语 + have/has + p.p（过去分词） + 其它
4.否定形式：主语 + have/has + not + p.p（过去分词） + 其它
5.一般疑问句：have或has放句首。
6.例句：I've written an article.我已经写了一篇论文。
The countryside has changed a lot in the past few years.在过去的几年，农村发生了巨大的变化。
十、 过去完成时
1.概念：以过去某个时间为标准，在此以前发生的动作或行为，或在过去某动作之前完成的行为，即“过去的过去”。
2.时间状语：Before, by the end of last year (term, month…），etc.
3.基本结构：主语 + had + p.p（过去分词） + 其它
4.否定形式：主语 + had + not +p.p（过去分词） + 其它
5.一般疑问句：had放于句首。
6.例句：As soon as we got to the station, the train had left.当我们到车站的时候，火车已经开走了。
By the end of last month, we had reviewed four books.到上个月底，我们已经复习了四本书。
基本结构：主语 + had + p.p（过去分词） + 其它
①肯定句：主语 + had + p.p（过去分词） + 其它
②否定句：主语 + had + not + p.p（过去分词） + 其它
③一般疑问句：Had +主语 + p.p（过去分词）+其它
④特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词 + 一般疑问句
十一、 将来完成时
1.概念：在将来某一时刻之前开始的动作或状态
2.时间状语：by the time of; by the end of + 时间短语（将来）；by the time + 从句（将来）
3.基本结构：主语 + be going to/will/shall + have + p.p（过去分词） + 其它
4例句：By the time you get back, great changes will have taken place in this area.到你回来的时候，就将发生巨大的变化。
十二、 过去将来完成时
1.概念：表示在过去某一时间对将来某一时刻以前所会发生的动作，常用在虚拟语气中，表示与过去的事实相反。
2.基本结构：should/would have done sth.
3.例句：I thought you'd have left by this time.我想这会儿你已经走了。
He told them he would have finished it by 8 o'clock.他告诉他们他会在8点以前干完。
十三、 现在完成进行时
1.概念：表示从过去某一时间开始一直延续到现在的动作。这一动作可能刚刚开始，也可能仍在继续，并可能延续到将来。
2.基本结构：主语 + have/has + been + doing + 其它
3.时间状语：since + 时间点，for + 时间段等。
4.例子：I have been sitting here for an hour.我已经在这里坐了一个小时。
The children have been watching TV since six o'clock.从6点起，孩子们一直看电视。
十四、 过去完成进行时
1.概念：表示某个正在进行的动作或状态，持续到过去某个时刻，还未完成，一直持续到之后的当前才结束。
2.基本结构：主语 + had + been + doing + 其它
3.例子：She had been suffering from a bad cold when she took the exam.她在考试之前一直患重感冒。
Had they been expecting the news for some time? 他们期待这个消息有一段时间了吧？
4.特殊含义：①尚未完成：He had been writing the novel.他已经在写小说了。（他没写完）
②企图：He had been studying the meaning of this proverb.他曾经学习过这个谚语。（他曾努力学习过它）
③未得结果：We had been studying what our enemy had said.我们一直致力于敌人所说的。（但是我们没有理解）
④最近情况：He had been quarrelling with his wife.他和他的妻子吵了一场架。（最近）
⑤反复动作：He had been asking me the same question.他一直问我相同的问题。（屡次）
⑥情绪：What had he been doing？他做了什么？（不耐烦）
十五、 将来完成进行时
1.概念：表示动作从某一时间开始一直延续到将来某一时间。是否继续下去，要视上下文而定。
2.基本结构：shall/will have been doing
3.例子：I shall have been working here in this factory for twenty years by the end of the year.到今年年底，我将在这个工厂工作20年了。
If we don't hurry up the store will have been closing before we get there. 咱们如不快一点儿，等我们到了那儿，店门就会关了。
十六、 过去将来完成进行时
1.概念：表示从过去某时看至未来某时以前会一直在进行的动作。
2.基本结构：should/would + have + been +现在分词
3.例子：He told me that by the end of the year he would have been living there for thirty years.他告诉我，到年底时，他就在那住了30年了。
一、 被动语态的用法：
1. 一般现在时的被动语态构成：is / am / are + 及物动词的过去分词
Our classroom is cleaned every day. 我们教室每天都被打扫。
I am asked to study hard. 我被告知要努力学习。
Knives are used for cutting things. 刀是用来切东西的。
2. 一般过去时的被动语态构成：was / were + 及物动词的过去分词
A new shop was built last year. 去年修了一座新商店。
Dinosaur eggs were laid long long ago. 恐龙蛋被放置了很久很久。
3. 一般将来时的被动语态构成：will+ be + 及物动词的过去分词
A new hospital will be built in our city. 我们城市将要修建一家新医院。
Many more trees will be planted next year. 明年会种更多的树。
4. 现在进行时的被动语态构成：am / is / are + being + 及物动词的过去分词
Uncle Wang is mending my bike now.→
My bike is being repaired by Tom now. 王叔叔正在修理我的自行车。
They are planting trees over there. →
Trees are being planted over there by them. 他们在那里种植的树木。
5. 现在完成时的被动语态构成：has / have + been + 及物动词的过去分词
This book has been translated into many languages. 这本书被翻译成多种文字。
Many man-made satellites have been sent up into space by many countries. 在许多国家有许多人造卫星被送上了太空。
6.过去进行时的被动语态构成：was/were + being + 及物动词的过去分词
The boy was being operated on when his parents hurried to the hospital.当他的父母赶到医院的时候这个男孩正在做手术。
The new road was being made.这条新路正在修筑。
7.过去完成时的被动语态构成：had + been + 及物动词的过去分词
The classroom hadn’t been cleaned before the teacher came. 在老师来之前，教室尚未打扫。
The tickets had been sold out before I came to the cinema.在门票被销售一空前我赶到了电影院。
8.将来完成时的被动语态构成：shall/will + have done
They will have been married for 20 years by then. 届时，他们结婚将满20周年。
The project will have been completed before May.该项目将在五月前完成。
9.含有情态动词的被动语态构成：情态动词 + be + 及物动词的过去分词
Young trees must be watered often. 小树需要经常浇水。
Your mistakes should be corrected right now. 你应该现在就改正你的错误。
The door may be locked inside. 这扇门可以反锁。
Your homework can be handed in tomorrow. 你的家庭作业可以明天交。
二、 怎样把主动语态改成被动语态?
把主动语态改为被动语态非常简单，可以遵循以下几个步骤：
1. 先找出谓语动词；
2. 再找出谓语动词后的宾语；
3. 把宾语用作被动语态中的主语；
4. 注意人称、时态和数的变化。
例：1. Bruce writes a letter every week. →A letter is written by Bruce every week. 布鲁斯每星期写一封信。
2. Li Lei mended the broken bike this morning. →The broken bike was mended by Li Lei this morning. 李雷今天上午在修理坏的自行车。
3. He has written two novels so far. →Two novels have been written by him so far. 至今他已写了两部小说。
4. They will plant ten trees tomorrow. →Ten trees will be planted by them tomorrow. 他们明天将要种植十棵树。
5. Lucy is writing a letter now. →A letter is being written by Lucy now. 露西正在写信。
6. You must lock the door when you leave. →the door must be locked when you leave. 当你离开的时候你必须把门锁上。
三、 使用被动语态应注意的几个问题：
1. 不及物动词无被动语态。
What will happen in 100 years？一百年里会发生什么事？
The dinosaurs disappeared about 65 million years ago. 约65万年前恐龙灭绝。
2. 有些动词用主动形式表示被动意义。
This pen writes well. 这支钢笔很好写。
This new book sells well. 这本新书卖的很好。
3. 感官动词或使役动词使用省略to的动词不定式，主动语态中不带to ，但变为被动语态时，须加上to。
例：Make somebody do something →somebody+ be +made to do something
See somebody do something →somebody +be +seen to do something
A girl saw my wallet drop when she passed by. →My wallet was seen to drop by a girl when she passed by. 一个女孩看到我的钱夹掉了，当她经过的时候。
The boss made the little boy do heavy work. →The little boy was made to do heavy work by the boss. 这个老板让这小男孩干重活。
4. 如果是接双宾语的动词改为被动语态时，直接宾语（物）做主语，那么动词后要用介词，这个介词是由与其搭配的动词决定。
He gave me a book. →A book was given to me by him. 他给了我一本书。
He showed me a ticket. →A ticket was shown to me by him. 他给我展示了一张票。
My father bought me a new bike. →A new bike was bought for me by my father. 我父亲给我买了一辆新自行车。
5. 一些动词短语用于被动语态时，动词短语应当看作一个整体，而不能丢掉其中的介词或副词。
We can’t laugh at him. →He can’t be laugh at by us. 我们不能嘲笑他。
He listens to the radio every day. →The radio is listened to by him every day. 他每天都收听广播。
The nurse is taking care of the sick man. →The sick man is being taken care of by the nurse.这护士在照顾这个虚弱的男人。
㈨ 初中英语所有句型结构，各种时态结构
英语各种时态的概念和句型结构
一、一般现在时
1、概念：表示经常性、习惯性的动作。 2、句型结构
（1）be(am,is,are)动词
陈述肯定句：主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。 陈述否定句：主语+be(am,is,are)+not+其它。 一般疑问句：Be(am,is,are)+主语+其它？ 特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句？Who are they?
反意疑问句：肯定陈述句+be(am,is,are)+not+主语（相应的代词）？ Tom is a doctor, isn’t he?
否定陈述句，+be(am,is,are)+主语（相应的代词）？ Tom isn’t a doctor , is he? （2）实义动词
陈述肯定句：其他人称：主语+v.原形+其它。 We go to the beach every Sunday. 第三人称单数：主语+v.s+其它。 Sally does her homework every day.
陈述否定句：其他人称：主语+don’t+v.原形+其它。 We don’t go to the beach every Sunday. 第三人称单数：主语+doesn’t+v.原形+其它。 Sally doesn’t do her homework every day. 一般疑问句：其他人称：Do+主语+v.原形+其它？ Do we go to the beach every Sunday?
第三人称单数：Does+主语+v.原形+其它？ Does Sally do her homework every day? 特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句？ 其他人称：Where do you go every Sunday? 第三人称单数：What does Sally do every day?
反意疑问句：肯定陈述句，+don’t/doesn’t+主语（相应的代词）？ 其他人称：We go to the beach every Sunday, don’t we? 第三人称单数：Sally does her homework every day, doesn’t she? 否定陈述句，+do/does+主语（相应的代词）？
其他人称：We don’t go to the beach every Sunday , do we? 第三人称单数：Sally doesn’t do her homework every day , does she?
二、一般过去时
1、概念：表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。 2、句型结构
（1）be(was,were)动词
陈述肯定句：主语+be(was,were)+其它。I was at home yesterday. 陈述否定句：主语+be(was,were)+not+其它． ．I wasn’t at home yesterday.
一般疑问句：Be(was,were)+主语+其它？ Were you at home yesterday? 特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句？ Where were you yesterday?
最全最热最专业的文档类资源，文库一网打尽
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反意疑问句：肯定陈述句，+wasn’t/weren’t+主语（相应的代词）？ Mary was at school yesterday , wasn’t she? 否定陈述句，+was/were+主语（相应的代词）？ Mary wasn’t at school yesterday , was she?
（2）实义动词（实义动词的过去式没有人称和数的变化） 陈述肯定句：主语+v.过去式+其它。 They had a meeting last Monday. 陈述否定句：主语+didn’t+v.原形+其它。 They didn’t have a meeting last Monday. 一般疑问句：Did+主语+v.原形+其它？ Did they have a meeting last Monday? 特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句？ When did they have a meeting?
反意疑问句：肯定陈述句，+didn’t+主语（相应的代词）？ They had a meeting last Monday ,didn’t they? 否定陈述句，+did+主语（相应的代词）？ They didn’ t have a meeting last Monday ,did they?
三、现在进行时
1、概念：表示正在发生的动作，也可以用来表示按计划或安排将要进行的
动作，有“意图”或“打算”等含义。 2、构成：be(am,is,are)+v.ing 3、句型结构
陈述肯定句：主语+be(am,is,are)+v.ing+其它。 Mike is listening to music.
陈述否定句：主语+be(am,is,are)+not+v.ing+其它。 Mike isn’t listening to music.
一般疑问句：Be(am,is,are)+主语+v.ing+其它？ IsMikelisteningtomusic?
特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句？ Whoislisteningtomusic?
反意疑问句：肯定陈述句，+be(am,is,are)+not+主语（相应的代词）？ Mikeislisteningtomusic,isn’the?
否定陈述句，+be(am,is,are)+主语（相应的代词）？ Mike isn’t listening to music ,is he?
四、过去进行时
1、概念：表示在过去某一特定的时刻或某一段时间正在发生的动作。 2、构成：be(was,were)+v.ing 3、句型结构
陈述肯定句：主语+be(was,were)+v.ing+其它。 They were working this time yesterday.
陈述否定句：主语+be(was,were)+not+v.ing+其它。 They weren’t working this time yesterday. 一般疑问句：Be(was,were)+主语+v.ing+其它？ Were they working this time yesterday? 特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句？ What were they doing this time yesterday?
反意疑问句：肯定陈述句，+wasn’t/weren’t+主语（相应的代词）？ They were working this time yesterday , weren’t they?
3
否定陈述句，+was/were+主语（相应的代词）？ They weren’t working this time yesterday ,were they?
五、一般将来时
1、概念：表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态。 2、构成：will（用于所有人称）／shall（只用于第一人称）+v.原形 3、句型结构
陈述肯定句：主语+will+v.原形+其它。 Tina will buy a new pen next month. 陈述否定句：主语+won’t+v.原形+其它。 Tina won’ t buy a new pen next month. 一般疑问句：Will+主语+v.原形+其它？ Will Tina buy a new pen next month? 特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句？ When will Tina buy a new pen?
反意疑问句：肯定陈述句，+won’t+主语（相应的代词）？ Tina will buy a new pen next month ,won’t she? 否定陈述句，+will+主语（相应的代词）？ Tina won’t buy a new pen next month ,will she?
begoingto+v.原形
1、概念：begoingto+v.原形表示将要发生的事或打算、计划、决定要做的
事情。
2、构成：begoingto+v.原形 3、句型结构
陈述肯定句：主语+be going to+v.原形+其它。
Tony is going to be a doctor when he grows up. 陈述否定句：主语+be+not+goingto+v.原形+其它。 Tony isn’t going to be a doctor when he grows up.
一般疑问句：Be+主语+goingto+v.原形+其它？ Is Tony going to be a doctor when he grows up? 特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句？ ?
反意疑问句：肯定陈述句，+be+not+主语（相应的代词）？ ,isn’the? 否定陈述句，+be+主语（相应的代词）？ Tonyisn’,ishe?
六、过去将来时
1、概念：表示从过去某一时间看来将要发生的动作或存在的状态。过去将
来时常用于宾语从句中。 2、构成：would+v.原形 3、句型结构
陈述肯定句：主语+would+v.原形+其它。 Wang Ling would visi ther uncle.
陈述否定句：主语+wouldn’t+v.原形+其它。 Wang Ling wouldn’t visit her uncle. 一般疑问句：Would+主语+v.原形+其它？ Would Wang Ling visit he runcle? 特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句？ Who would Wang Ling visit?
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反意疑问句：肯定陈述句，+wouldn’t+主语（相应的代词）？ Wang Ling would visit her uncle ,wouldn’t she? 否定陈述句，+would+主语（相应的代词）？ Wang Ling wouldn’t visit her uncle ,would she?
七、现在完成时
1、概念：
（1）表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。 （2）表示过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态，可以和表示从过去某
一时刻延续到现在（包括“现在”在内）的一段时间的状语连用。表示动作或状态的动词多是延续性动词。 2、构成：have/has+v.过去分词 3、句型结构
陈述肯定句：主语+have/has+v.过去分词+其它。 I have already seen the film.
陈述否定句：主语+haven’t/hasn’t+v.过去分词+其它。 I haven’t seen the film yet.
一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+v.过去分词+其它？ Have you seen the film yet? 特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句？ Who have seen the film?
反意疑问句：肯定陈述句，+haven’t/hasn’t+主语（相应的代词）？ They have seen the film ,haven’t they?
否定陈述句，+have/has+主语（相应的代词）？ They haven’ t seen the film ,have they?
八、过去完成时
1、概念：表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成了的动作。它表示动作
发生的时间是“过去的过去”。表示过去某一时间可用等构成的短语。 2、构成：had+v.过去分词 3、句型结构
陈述肯定句：主语+had+v.过去分词+其它。 Tim had reached the station before ten o’clock. 陈述否定句：主语+hadn’t+v.过去分词+其它。 Tim hadn’t reached the station before ten o’clock. 一般疑问句：Had+主语+v.过去分词+其它？ Had Tim reached the station before ten o’clock? 特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句？ When had Tim reached the station?
反意疑问句：肯定陈述句，+hadn’t+主语（相应的代词）？ Tim had reached the station before ten o’clock,hadn’t he? 否定陈述句，+had+主语（相应的代词）？
Tim hadn’t reached the station before ten o’clock,had he?
感叹句What+n.+主语+谓语！
What fine weather it is today! What an interesting story it is! How+adj./adv.+主语+谓语！ How cold it is today! How fast they are running!
祈使句肯定句：v.原形+其它．Open the door.Do it like this.
否定句：Don’t+v.原形+其它．Don’t open the door.
Don’t do it like this