『壹』 初中英语语法被动语态
第一类:be(“是/存在”)动词的各种时态结构：
一 般 现 在 时
I am….
You are.…
He/She/It is….
We/You/They are….
一 般 将 来 时
(1)(I等各人称) will be….
(2)I am going to be…
He/She/It is going to be…
We/You/They are going to be…
现 在 完 成 时
I have been….
You have been….
She/he/It has been….
We/You/They have been….
一 般 过 去 时
I was….
You were.…
He/She/It was….
We/You/They were….
过 去 将 来 时
(1)(I等各人称) would be….
(2)I was going to be…
He/She/It was going to be…
We/You/They were going to be…
过 去 完 成 时
I had been….
You had been….
She/he/It had been….
We/You/They had been….
第二类:行为动词的各种时态结构:
一 般 现 在 时
动词用原形(单三人称动词加s / es)
(问句和否定句借用助词do / does)
一 般 过 去 时
动词用过去式
(问句和否定句借用助词did)
现 在 进 行 时
am +动词-ing
is +动词-ing
are +动词-ing
过 去 进 行 时
was +动词-ing
were +动词-ing
一 般 将 来 时
(1)will + 动词原形
(2)am +going to+动词原形
Is +going to+动词原形
are +going to+动词原形
过 去 将 来 时
(1)would + 动词原形
(2)was +going to+动词原形
were +going to+动词原形
现 在 完 成 时
have +过去分词
has +过去分词
过 去 完 成 时
had +过去分词
『贰』 初中英语的八种时态和被动语态
现在完成时 现在进行时 一般过去时 一般将来时 过去将来时 过去进行时 过去完成时 一般现在时I)被动语态的概念
语态也是动词的一种形式，表示主语与谓语之间的关系。英语有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态People .被动语态表示主语是谓语动作的承受者，.
(II)被动语态的构成
被动语态的形式是由“助动词be动词的过去分词”构成。助动词be随着主语的人称，数，时态和语气的不同而变化。各种时态的被动语态形式如下：
1.
注：Get＋过去分词也可以构成被动语态，用这种结构的句子侧重于动作的结果而不是动作本身。如：
the man got hurt on his way home. 那个男人在回家的路上受伤了。
)被动语态的几种句型
1.将主动语态中的宾语转换成被动语态的主语。
2.将主动语态中的动词改为“be+V(p.p)”
3.原来主动语态中的主语，如果需要，放在by后面以它的宾格形式出现，如没必要，可以省略。
4.主动语态中的其他句子成分不变。
由于主动语态结构的不同，因而转换成被动语态的方式也各有不同，现分类说明如下：
a.由及物动词形成的被动语态：
(1)S+V+O 主语+动词+宾语语法学习纲要由江苏省靖江高级中学外语组为英语猫网站编写
People grow rice in the south. Rice is grown in the south.
注：带有宾语从句的句子转换成被动语态时，需要将宾语从句变为主语从句，通常用形式主语来代替，而将主语从句后置。
They said that he would come back soon. It was said that he would come back soon.类似的还有：
It is reported / believed /hoped /supposed that ……
(2)S+V+O+C 主语+动词+宾语+宾补
We elected Li Ming monitor of our class. Li Ming was elected monitor of our class.
注：在主动结构中跟不带to的动词不定式作宾补变为被动结构时应加上to作主语补足语。
奴隶们被奴隶主强迫整日整夜工作。Slave-owners made slaves work all day and all night.
Slaves were made to work all day and all night by slave-owners.
(3)S+V+Oi+Od 主语+动词+间宾+直宾 语法学习纲要由江苏省靖江高级中学外语组为英语猫网站编写
昨天他给了我一件漂亮的生日卡。He gave me a beautiful birthday card yesterday. I was given a beautiful birthday card yesterday.
A beautiful birthday card was given to me yesterday.
注：用直接宾语作被动语态的主语时，通常要在间接宾语前加上适当的介词。如：to, for, of等，以加强间接宾语的语气。
b.由动词短语形成的被动语态：
一般情况下，只有及物动词才能跟宾语，而不及物动词不能跟宾语，所以只有及物动词才有被动语态，不及物动词则没有被动语态。但有些不及物动词后面跟上介词或副词后，变成一个动词短语，相当于一个及物动词，就可以形成被动语态。
约翰打开了收音机。John turned on the radio. The radio was turned on.
.
注：千万不要遗漏介词或副词。
c.祈使句的被动语态通常借助let句式
请把窗户关上。Please close the window. Let the window be closed.
(IV)被动语态的使用时机 语法学习纲要由江苏省中学外语组为英语猫网站编写
被动语态的使用往往不是任意的，而是按照表达思想，描述事物的需要，通常在下列情况下使用被动语态。
1.不知道或不必说出动作的执行者。
这本书已被翻译成许多种语言。This book has been translated into many languages.
2.动作的对象是谈话的中心。
我们家乡将建一条新铁路。A new railway will be built in our hometown.
3.修辞的需要，为了使句子更加简练匀称：
他出现在舞台上受到了观众的热烈欢迎。He appeared on the stage and was warmly applauded by the audience. 被动语态便于论述客观事实，故常用于科技文章，新闻报道，书刊介绍及景物描写。
【特别提醒】有些动词后跟不带to的不定式作宾语补足语，但改为被动结构后要加上“to”。例如
We heard him sing in his room just now.
---He was heard to sing in his room just now.
刚才听到他在房间中唱歌。
一、 被动语态的用法：
1. 一般现在时的被动语态构成：is / am / are + 及物动词的过去分词
Our classroom is cleaned everyday.
I am asked to study hard by my mother.
Knives are used for cutting things.
2. 一般过去时的被动语态构成：was / were + 及物动词的过去分词
A new shop was built last year.
Dinosaur eggs were laid long long ago.
3. 现在完成时的被动语态构成：has / have + been + 及物动词的过去分词
This book has been translated into many languages.
Many man-made satellites have been sent up into space by many countries.
4. 一般将来时的被动语态构成：will+ be + 及物动词的过去分词
A new hospital will be built in our city.
Many more trees will be planted next year.
5. 含有情态动词的被动语态构成：情态动词+ be + 及物动词的过去分词
Young trees must be watered often.
Your mistakes should be corrected right now.
The door may be locked inside.
Your homework can be handed in tomorrow.
6. 现在进行时的被动语态构成：am / is / are + being + 及物动词的过去分词
Uncle Wang is mending my bike now.→
My bike is being repaired by Tom now.
They are planting trees over there. →
Trees are being planted over there by them.
7. 不定式的被动语态：to + be + 及物动词的过去分词
There are two books to be read. →
There are twenty more trees to be planted.
二、 怎样把主动语态改成被动语态?
把主动语态改为被动语态非常简单，可以遵循以下几个步骤：
1. 先找出谓语动词；
2. 再找出谓语动词后的宾语；
3. 把宾语用作被动语态中的主语；
4. 注意人称、时态和数的变化。
例：1. Bruce writes a letter every week. →A letter is written by Bruce every week.
2. Li Lei mended the broken bike this morning.→The broken bike was mended by Li Lei this morning.
3. He has written two novels so far.→Two novels have been written by him so far.
4. They will plant ten trees tomorrow.→Ten trees will be planted by them tomorrow.
5. Lucy is writing a letter now.→A letter is being written by Lucy now.
6. You must lock the door when you leave.→the door must be locked when you leave.
『叁』 初中英语动词时态和语态
我现在在读初二,英语还不错,希望这些有帮到你
初中总共学了八大时态
一般现在时 由主语和谓语动词 第一二人称用动词原形,第三人称加S
一般过去式 无论人称动词一律用过去时或过去分词
现在完成时 第一二人称用have加过去分词 第三人称用has加过去分词
现在完成进行时 第一二人称用have been 加过去分词 第三人称用has been加过去分词
过去进行时 第一、三人称用was 加动词ing形式,第二人称用were加动词ing 形式
现在进行时 第一、三人称用is加动词ing形式,第二人称用are加动词ing形式
过去完成时 无论人称用had加过去分词
完成时态中要注意的是,一般后接since加时间点,for加时间段,有时already放在肯定句句末,但是变成否定句或疑问句式时要改成yet.而且在完成时态中,所有的瞬间动词一律要换成延续性动词,比如说离开leave要换成be away,
动词的语态分为主动语态和被动语态
被动语态由be 加过去分词构成
一般来说,有一点要注意,在主动语态中省略的不定式结构的to ,在被动语态中要全部还原
有时物作主语还要用动词ing形式
『肆』 初中所有英语语态以及用法
英语五种基本句型列式如下：
基本句型一： S V （主＋谓）
基本句型二： S V P （主＋谓＋表）
基本句型三： S V O （主＋谓＋宾）
基本句型四： S V o O （主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾）
基本句型五; S V O C （主＋谓＋宾＋宾补）
八大时态
一、 一般现在时：
1.概念：经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。
2.时间状语： always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week, on Sundays,
3.基本结构：动词 原形 （如主语为第三人称单数，动词上要加（e）S）
4.否定形式：am/is/are+not;此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词，则在其前加don't,如主语为第三人称单数，则用doesn't，同时还原行为动词。
5.一般疑问句：把be动词放于句首；用助动词do提问，如主语为第三人称单数，则用does，同时，还原行为动词。
6.例句：. It seldom snows here.
He is always ready to help others.
Action speaks louder than words.
二、 一般过去时：
1.概念：过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。
2.时间状语：ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week(year, night, month…), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc.
3.基本结构：be动词；行为动词
4.否定形式：was/were+not;在行为动词前加didn't，同时还原行为动词。
5.一般疑问句：was或were放于句首；用助动词do的过去式did 提问，同时还原行为动词。
6.例句：She often came to help us in those days.
I didn't know you were so busy.
三、 现在进行时：
1.概念：表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。
2.时间状语：now, at this time, these days, etc.
3.基本结构：am/is/are+doing
4.否定形式：am/is/are+not+doing.
5.一般疑问句：把be动词放于句首。
6.例句： How are you feeling today?
He is doing well in his lessons.
四、 过去进行时：
1.概念：表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。
2.时间状语：at this time yesterday, at that time或以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。
3.基本结构：was/were+doing
4.否定形式：was/were + not + doing.
5.一般疑问句：把was或were放于句首。
6.例句：At that time she was working in a PLA unit.
When he came in, I was reading a newspaper.
五、 现在完成时：
1.概念：过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。
2.时间状语：recently, lately, since…for…,in the past few years, etc.
3.基本结构：have/has + done
4.否定形式：have/has + not +d one.
5.一般疑问句：have或has。
6.例句：I've written an article.
It has been raining these days.
六、 过去完成时：
1.概念：以过去某个时间为标准，在此以前发生的动作或行为，或在过去某动作之前完成的行为，即“过去的过去”。
2.时间状语：before, by the end of last year(term, month…),etc.
3.基本结构：had + done.
4.否定形式：had + not + done.
5.一般疑问句：had放于句首。
6.例句：As soon as we got to the station, the train had left.
By the end of last month. We had reviewed four books
七、 一般将来时：
1.概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。
2.时间状语：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…),soon, in a few minutes, by…,the day after tomorrow, etc.
3.基本结构：am/is/are/going to + do；will/shall + do.
4.否定形式：was/were + not; 在行为动词前加didn't，同时还原行为动词。
5.一般疑问句：be放于句首；will/shall提到句首。
6.例句：They are going to have a competition with us in studies.
It is going to rain.
八、 过去将来时：
1.概念：立足于过去某一时刻，从过去看将来，常用于宾语从句中。
2.时间状语：the next day(morning, year…),the following month(week…),etc.
3.基本结构：was/were/going to + do；would/should + do.
4.否定形式：was/were/not + going to + do;would/should + not + do.
5.一般疑问句：was或were放于句首；would/should 提到句首。
6.例句：He said he would go to Beijing the next day
『伍』 初中英语语法有哪几种
凭记忆，初中英语语法最基本的就两种：
时态+语态
1.时态：一般现在时，一般过回去时，现在进行时，过答去进行时，现在完成时，过去完成时，一般将来时……其他还有几种时态不知道你们会不会学到，可能在高中
2.语态：主动和被动
『陆』 初中英语的几种时态，语态
语态：分为主动语态和被动语态。
时态总共有16种，初中阶段需要掌握的是8种。即：一般进行时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时、过去将来时。
『柒』 初中英语各种语态
英语语法--动词的语态
动词的语态
语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。
主语是动作的发出者为主动语态；主语是动作的接受者为被动语态。
1）若宾语补足语是不带to 的不定式，变为被动语态 时，该不定式前要
加"to"。此类动词为感官动词。
feel, hear, help, listen to, look at, make, observe, see, notice, watch
The teacher made me go out of the classroom.
--> I was made to go out of the classroom (by the teacher).
We saw him play football on the playground.
--> He was seen to play football on the playground.
2）情态动词+ be +过去分词，构成被动语态。
Coal can be used to proce electricity for agriculture and instry.
1 let 的用法
1）当let后只有一个单音节动词，变被动语态时，可用不带to 的不定式。
They let the strange go.---> The strange was let go.
2） 若let 后宾补较长时，let 通常不用被动语态，而用allow或permit 代替。
The nurse let me go to see my classmate in the hospital.
----> I was allowed / permitted to see my classmate in the hospital.
2 短语动词的被动语态
短语动词是一个整体，不可丢掉后面的介词或副词。
This is a photo of the power station that has been set up in
my hometown.
My sister will be taken care of by Grandma.
Such a thing has never been heard of before..
3 表示"据说"或"相信" 的词组
believe, consider, declare, expect, feel , report, say,
see, suppose, think, understand
It is said that… 据说
It is reported that… 据报道
It is believed that… 大家相信
It is hoped that… 大家希望
It is well known that… 众所周知
It is thought that… 大家认为
It is suggested that… 据建议
It is taken granted that… 被视为当然
It has been decided that… 大家决定
It must be remember that…务必记住的是
It is said that she will leave for Wuhan on Tuesday.
4 不用被动语态的情况
1) 不及物动词或动词短语无被动语态：
appear, die disappear, end (vi. 结束), fail, happen, last, lie,
remain, sit, spread, stand
break out, come true, fall asleep, keep silence, lose heart,
take place.
After the fire, very little remained of my house.
比较： rise, fall, happen是不及物动词；raise, seat是及物动词。
(错) The price has been risen.
(对) The price has risen.
(错) The accident was happened last week.
(对) The accident happened last week.
(错) The price has raised.
(对) The price has been raised.
(错) Please seat.
(对) Please be seated.
要想正确地使用被动语态，就须注意哪些
动词是及物的，哪些是不及物的。特别是一词多义
的动词往往有两种用法。解决这一问题唯有在学习过程
中多留意积累。
2) 不能用于被动语态的及物动词或动词短语：
fit, have, hold, marry, own, wish, cost, notice, watch
agree with, arrive at / in, shake hands with, succeed
in, suffer from, happen to, take part in, walk into, belong to
This key just fits the lock.
Your story agrees with what had already been heard.
3) 系动词无被动语态：
appear, be become, fall, feel, get, grow, keep, look,
remain, seem, smell, sound, stay, taste, turn
It sounds good.
4) 带同源宾语的及物动词，反身代词，相互代词，不能用于被动语态：
die, death, dream, live, life
She dreamed a bad dream last night.
5) 当宾语是不定式时，很少用于被动语态。
(对) She likes to swim.
(错) To swim is liked by her.
5 主动形式表示被动意义
1)wash, clean, cook, iron, look, cut, sell, read,
wear, feel, draw, write, sell, drive…
The book sells well. 这本书销路好。
This knife cuts easily. 这刀子很好用。
2)blame, let(出租), remain, keep, rent, build
I was to blame for the accident.
Much work remains.
3) 在need, require, want, worth (形容词), deserve后
的动名词必须用主动形式。
The door needs repairing.= The door needs to be
repaired.
This room needs cleaning. 这房间应该打扫一下。
This book is worth reading. 这本书值得一读。
4) 特殊结构：make sb. heard / understood (使别人能听见
/理解自己)，have sth. done ( 要某人做某事)。
6 被动形式表示主动意义
be determined, be pleased, be graated (from), be finished,
be prepared (for), be occupied (in), get marries
He is graated from a famous university.
他毕业于一所有名的大学。
注意： 表示同某人结婚，用marry sb. 或get married to sb. 都可。
He married a rich girl.
He got married to a rich girl.
7 need/want/require/worth
注意：当 need, want, require, worth(形容词)后面接doing
也可以表示被动。
Your hair wants cutting. 你的头发该理了。
The floor requires washing. 地板需要冲洗。
The book is worth reading. 这本书值得一读。
典型例题
The library needs___, but it’ll have to wait until Sunday.
A. cleaning B. be cleaned C. clean D. being cleaned
答案A. need (实意) +n /to do，need (情态)+ do，当为被动
语态时，还可need + doing. 本题考最后一种用法，选A。如有to
be clean 则也为正确答案。
典：done，"不可能已经"。must not do 不可以（用于一般现在时)。
一、 被动语态的用法：
1. 一般现在时的被动语态构成：is / am / are + 及物动词的过去分词
Our classroom is cleaned everyday.
I am asked to study hard.
Knives are used for cutting things.
2. 一般过去时的被动语态构成：was / were + 及物动词的过去分词
A new shop was built last year.
Dinosaur eggs were laid long long ago.
3. 现在完成时的被动语态构成：has / have + been + 及物动词的过去分词
This book has been translated into many languages.
Many man-made satellites have been sent up into space by many countries.
4. 一般将来时的被动语态构成：will+ be + 及物动词的过去分词
A new hospital will be built in our city.
Many more trees will be planted next year.
5. 含有情态动词的被动语态构成：情态动词+ be + 及物动词的过去分词
Young trees must be watered often.
Your mistakes should be corrected right now.
The door may be locked inside.
Your homework can be handed in tomorrow.
6. 现在进行时的被动语态构成：am / is / are + being + 及物动词的过去分词
Uncle Wang is mending my bike now.→
My bike is being repaired by Tom now.
They are planting trees over there. →
Trees are being planted over there by them.
7. 不定式的被动语态：to + be + 及物动词的过去分词
There are two books to be read. →
There are twenty more trees to be planted.
二、 怎样把主动语态改成被动语态?
把主动语态改为被动语态非常简单，可以遵循以下几个步骤：
1. 先找出谓语动词；
2. 再找出谓语动词后的宾语；
3. 把宾语用作被动语态中的主语；
4. 注意人称、时态和数的变化。
例：1. Bruce writes a letter every week. →A letter is written by Bruce every week.
2. Li Lei mended the broken bike this morning.→The broken bike was mended by Li Lei this morning.
3. He has written two novels so far.→Two novels have been written by him so far.
4. They will plant ten trees tomorrow.→Ten trees will be planted by them tomorrow.
5. Lucy is writing a letter now.→A letter is being written by Lucy now.
6. You must lock the door when you leave.→the door must be locked when you leave.
三、 使用被动语态应注意的几个问题：
1. 不及物动词无被动语态。
What will happen in 100 years.
The dinosaurs disappeared about 65 million years ago.
2. 有些动词用主动形式表示被动意义。
This pen writes well.
This new book sells well.
3. 感官动词或使役动词使用省略to的动词不定式，主动语态中不带to ，但变为被动语态时，须加上to 。
例：make somebody do something→somebody+ be +made to do something
see somebody do something→somebody +be +seen to do something
A girl saw my wallet drop when she passed by.→My wallet was seen to drop by a girl when she passed by.
The boss made the little boy do heavy work.→The little boy was made to do heavy work by the boss.
4. 如果是接双宾语的动词改为被动语态时，直接宾语(物)作主语，那么动词后要用介词，这个介词是由与其搭配的动词决定。
He gave me a book.→A book was given to me by him.
He showed me a ticket.→A ticket was shown to me by him.
My father bought me a new bike. →A new bike was bought for me by my father.
5. 一些动词短语用于被动语态时，动词短语应当看作一个整体，而不能丢掉其中的介词或副词。
We can’t laugh him. →He can’t be laugh by us.
He listens to the radio every day. →The radio is listened to by him every day.
The nurse is taking care of the sick man. →The sick man is being taken care of by the nurse.</CA>
『捌』 初中英语语法都有哪些
一般现在时，现在进行时，现在完成时
一般过去是，过去进行时，过去完成时
一般将专来是，将属来进行时
名词
冠词和数词
代词
形容词和副词
动词
动名词
动词不定式
特殊词
分词
动词的时态
动词的语态
句子的种类
倒装
主谓一致
虚拟语气
定语从句
状语从句
连词
情态动词 还有表语从句 虚拟句
『玖』 初中英语语法表解大全动词时态和语态历届中考单选试题答案
初中语法，网络 中考语法三剑客，视频，大纲，练习都有了，绝对好东东。