1. 英语语法讲解
Before all the different types of Barbie dolls for sale now,there was just a single Barbie.
①types of/kinds of+名词，固定搭配，表示“各种…”，前面可接各种形容词，如all,some,different, several,many等等。
②for sale 固定搭配，“待售（即将出售）”（注意和on sale区分，“上市，正在出售”）
③before引导时间状语从句，表示主句发生于从句之前。
The three-dimensional model for Barbie was a German doll — a joke gift for alts described as havingthe appearance of "a woman who sold sex".
①who sold sex为定语从句修饰a woman
②gift后的介词必为for
③as在此作介词，表示“作为…”，故其后接名词性动词ing形式
④described as……一堆是动词过去分词构成的短语作定语，用来修饰前面的a joke gift，意为“这个可笑的礼物被描述为……”，改成定语从句变为：a gift which was described as…
⑤ 从属关系A of B of C of D of ……，翻译成“…的D的C的B的A”，其核心词是A
Mattel refashioned the doll into a decent, all-American —although with an exaggerated breast size — version and named it after Barbara, who was then a teenager.
①refashion A into B "把A改制成B"
②although with an exaggerated breast size这句话为插入语，主要作用是解释前面的all-American这个词范围有些夸张，起解释说明作用。插入语可插在句子的任意位置，其插入并不影响主句的结构，也就是说，插入语可以看做是打酱油的，把它拿掉，主句就清晰了——Mattel refashioned the doll into a decent, all-American version，and named it.
③name A after B “以B的名字称号来命名A”
④who was then a teenager为定语，修饰Barbara
Since her introction in 1959, Barbie has become the universally recognized Queen of the Dolls.
①since引导时间状语从句时，通常的时态搭配是“主句现在完成时+从句一般过去时”
②universally作副词“普遍地”修饰动词被动式recognized，一般副词放在被动动词前后都可以。
Now more than sixty years old, Barbara — who declines interviews but is said to have loved the doll -may be the most famous unknown figure on the planet.
①who declines interviews but is said to have loved the doll定语从句，修饰Barbara，该定语从句可以看做是插入语，同上，拿掉它主句就清楚了——Barbara may be the most famous unknown figure on the planet
②be said to 固定搭配，“据说是……”。形式主语：It is/was said that……
③the most famous，形容词最高级（几乎所有副词、多音节形容词、部分特殊形容词的比较级最高级在前面加more/most，少数副词和单双音节形容词比较级最高级直接在单词后加er/est，部分特殊词的比较级最高级比较奇葩如futher,futhermore,futhermost）
④on the planet 固定搭配“在这个星球上”
⑤从整体来看，Now more than sixty years old为more than构成的短语作状语，用来说明主句的主语Barbara
The real Ken,who died in 1994, was disgusted by the doll that made his family famous. "I don't want my children to play with it," he said in 1993.
①who died in 1994 定语从句修饰Ken，可看作插入语，分析同上
②be disgusted by/with “厌恶，作呕，对……反感”
③that made his family famous 定语从句修饰doll
④want sb. to do sth. “想让某人做某事”
2. 高一英语必修一第一单元语法
直接引语与间接引语面面观（一）
在英语语言交际中，引述别人的话有两种方式：直接引语和间接引语。直接引语是直接引述别人的原话，在书面语中经常将其放在引号中。间接引语是用自己的话转述别人的话，无需加引号，在多数情况下间接引语可以构成宾语从句。接下来我们认识一下直接引语与间接引语：
1. MrsSmith said, “I am going to New Yorktomorrow.”（引号中的内容为直接引语）
2. MrsSmith said that she was going to New York the next day. （划线部分为间接引语）
细心的同学可能已经发现句1中的直接引语在变成句2中的间接引语时某些成分已经发生了变化，如: I变成了she, am变成了was, tomorrow则变成了the next day。在日常交际中，当我们需要在这两种引语之间转换时，究竟有什么规律可循呢？
首先，如果直接引语为陈述句、疑问句，变为间接引语时，就成为一个宾语从句，所以自然要符合宾语从句的语法要求。从句的一些共性特点是：一、陈述语序；二、恰当的连接词；三、时态要求。除此之外，直接引语变为间接引语仍有一些具体的语法要求，以下结合实例逐一解析。
一、人称的变化
将直接引语变为间接引语时，一定要注意人称的变化，否则会使整个句子意思混乱。观察下列几组句子中人称的变化，注意其变化规律。
1. She said, “My friends want to visit me.”→ She said her friends wanted to visither.
2. He said to Kate, “How is your work now?”→ He asked Kate how her work was then.
3. Tom said, “You’d better carry an umbrella just incase, Mary.”→ Tom said that Mary had better carryan umbrella just in case.
4. Mr Smith said, “Jack is a good worker.”→ Mr Smith said Jack was a good worker.
【自我归纳】人称变化须牢记：从一随主，从二随宾，从三人称不更新。
“从一随主”是指如果直接引语中的主语是第一人称时，从句中的人称变化要随主句中 ______的人称变化，如第1组例句。
“从二随宾”是指如果直接引语中的主语是第二人称时，从句中的人称变化要与主句中的______一致，如第2组例句；如果主句没有宾语，则需观察主句主语的交际对象，如第3组例句，此句中Tom的说话对象为______, 故间接引语中的主语变化为Mary。
“从三人称不更新”是指如果直接引语中的主语及宾语是第三人称时，从句中的人称一般______，如第4组例句。
二、时态的变化
直接引语变为间接引语时，从句的谓语动词在时态上要做相应的变化。具体变化如下：
直接引语
间接引语
一般现在时
一般过去时
一般将来时
过去将来时
现在进行时
过去进行时
现在完成时
过去完成时
一般过去时
过去完成时
过去完成时
过去完成时
【即学即练】根据以上原则完成下列句子。
1. She said, “I have lost my bike.”→ She said she ______ her bike.
2. She said, “We hope so.”→ She said they ______ so.
3. He said, “She will go to see her friend.”→ He said she ______ to see herfriend.
注意：在以下几种情况下，直接引语变为间接引语时，时态不变化。
1. 直接引语是客观事实、科学真理及名言警句时。如：The teacher said to us, “Light travels much fasterthan sound.”→ The teacher told us that lighttravels much faster than sound.
2. 直接引语是过去进行时，时态不变。如：Mother said, “John, what were you doingat 8 o’clock last night?”→ Mother asked John what he was doingat 8 o’clock the night before.
3. 如果直接引语中的情态动词无过去式（如：ought to, had better, usedto）或已经是过去式（如：could, should, would,might）时，则不再变化。如： He said, “You should come hereearlier tomorrow.”→ He said I should go thereearlier the next day.
4. 如一般过去时有表示具体时间的状语，也可以不变。如：She said, “I was born in 1995.”→ She said (that) she was born in1995.
三、状语及其他成分的变化
直接引语变为间接引语时，时间状语和地点状语也要做相应的变化。如: now → then；today → that day; tonight → that night；yesterday → the day before；tomorrow → the next day；last month → the month before等；地点状语here → there；指示代词this → that, these → those；动词come → go, bring → take等。
注意：以上这些变化要视情况而定，不能死搬教条，如果转述就在当天当地则不需要进行时间及地点的转换。
四、句型的变化
观察下列几组句子中直接引语和间接引语的转换中句型的变化规律，并试着总结归纳。
1. She said, “Our train will leave in severalminutes.”→ She said that their train wouldleave in several minutes.
2. He said, “Can you dance, Ted?”→ He asked Ted whether / if he coulddance.
3. “You have tidied your room, haven’t you?” my mother asked. → My mother asked mewhether I had tidied my room.
4. She asked me, “When will you start?”→ She asked me when I would start.
【自我归纳】
1. 直接引语如果是陈述句，间接引语应改为由______（可省略）引导的宾语从句。
2. 直接引语如果是反意疑问句或一般疑问句，间接引语应改为由______引导的宾语从句。
3. 直接引语如果是特殊疑问句，间接引语应改为由原来的疑问词引导的宾语从句。
【即学即练】阅读下列几组直接引语变为间接引语的句子，判断其正（T）误（F）并改正其中的错误。
1. “What did you do yesterday, Jenny?” said themother.
→ The mother asked Jenny what she haddone the day before.
2. The little kid said, “How can I get that toy?”
→ The little kid asked how could heget that toy.
3. He said, “The Olympic Games are held every fouryears.”
→ He said that the Olympic Games wereheld every four years.
Key:
一、【自我归纳】主语；宾语；Mary；不需要变化
二、【即学即练】 1. had lost 2.hoped 3. would go
四、【自我归纳】 1. that 2.whether / if
【即学即练】
1. T。
2. F。how could he改为how he could
3. F。were改为are
3. 八下英语第一单元语法点
[人教版]新目标英语八年级上册知识要点 Unit 1 How often do you exercise? 重点语法：频率副词询问别人做某事版的频繁程度提问用 How often 引导特殊权疑问句回答用 always, sometimes, twice a day 等频率副词。例句：A: How often do you watch TV?(你多长时间看一次电视？) B: I watch TV every day.(我每天都看电视。) A: What's your favorite program?(你最喜欢的节目是什么？) B: It's Animal World.(是《动物世界》。) A: How often do you watch it?(你多长时间看一次这个节目？) 希望能帮到你啊！
4. 7B英语第一单元语法点
unit 1
Where is your pen pal from？——He's from Australia.
Where is John's pen pal from?——He's from Japan.
Where does he live?——He lives in Paris.
What language does she speak?——She speaks English.
新目标七年级(下)英语语法练习
[size=1]一般现在时态练习
1．This is my pencil ? (变一般疑问 句) your pencil ?
2. These red socks are Kate’s . (变一般疑问句) socks Kate’s ?
3. I want to buy a big green bag . (变特殊疑问句) you want to buy ?
h5A 4. Mary does not have any books . (变肯定句)Mary books .
5. The clothing shop is on sale . (变为否定句)
6. She likes the black bag very much . (变为否定句)
7. I buy the pants for only 50 Yuan. (用she改写句子)
the pants for only 50 Yuan.
8. It’s an English dictionary . (对画线部分提问)
9. Lily and Lucy are fifteen years old now . (对画线部分提问) Lily and Lucy ?
10. Her dog is 2 years and 5 months old . (变为否定句) Her dog 2 years and 5 months old .
二．用be动词的适当形式填空。
1. I a student . You a teacher . 2. She my friend.
3. you Li Fen ? No, not . 4. Mr. green very busy?Yes , he .
5. He must at home . 6. Comedy very interesting .
7. thrillers very scary ? 8. You and I good friends .
9. His friends very funny 10. The twins very happy because they want to go to a movie .11. The girl in red clothes my sister .
三．用所给动词的适当形式填空。
1. People usually (eat) dinner in the evening .
2. His sister usually (go) to school at 7:00 am .
3. Lin Tao (like) his new sweater .
4. Let me (have) a look .
5. he (like) English ?
6. I want (go) to a movie .
7. He (not know)the teacher’s name
8. Can I (ask) the policeman ?.
9. She likes (play) chess .
10. It’s time (play) games .
现在进行时态
一.用所给动词的适当形式填空.
1.Look! The cat____________(run)up the tree
2.The twins__________(have)breakfast.
3.----___he ________(clean) the blackboard? ----No,he isn’t. `
4.Tom__________(play)the piano in the room.Please ask him to come here
5.Listen! They____________(sing)in the classroom.
二.选择填空.
1.My mother is _____TV.
A.looking at B.seeing C.reading D.watching
2.---____you ____a book? ---Yes,I am.
A.Do,read B.Are ,read C.Are ,reading D.Are ,looking
3.Kate _____,the others _____.
A.sing,listen B.is singing,is listening C.sing,are listeningD.is singing,are listening
4.I ___my eraser,but I can’t ______ it.
C A.look for ,finding B.am finding,look for C.am looking for,find D.find,look for )
三.句型转换
1.I am watering the flowers.(否定句)
2.She’s jumping now.(一般疑问句)
3.The boys are playing cards.(划线提问)
4.He is doing his homework.(复数句)
四、翻译句子
1.我们正在看电视. 2.他们正在打扫教室.
3.汤姆正在吃早饭. 4.那对双胞胎正在睡觉
5.男孩子们正在踢足球. 6.她正在铺床.
7.我正在玩电脑游戏. 8.你们正在听音乐吗?
过去时态
一、改写句子：
1、Lucy did her homework at home.（改否定句）
Lucy _______ _______ her homework at home.
2、He found some meat in the fridge.（变一般疑问句)
______ he _____ ______ meat in the fridge?
3、She stayed there for a week.（对划线部分提问）
______ ______ _____ she _____ there?
4、There was some orange in the cup.（变一般疑问句)
_____ there _____ orange in the cup?
语法复习练习
单项选择单项选择
1. ---How many ________ in the tree? ---There are two.
A. bird are ther B. birds is ther C. birds are there D.birds are their.
2. Mr Smith can speak ________ Chinese, but not ________.
A. some; muchB. a little; manC. some; any D. little; much
3. ---Thanks a lot. ---_________.
A. You are right B. That’s right C. That’s all right D. All right
4. ---________ skirt is this? ---It’s ___________.
A.Who’s;Lucy B.Whose;Lucy'sC.What;LucyD. Which; Lucy’s
5. There are many apples on the table. Please give me some big _________.
A. appl B. one C. ones D. the apples
6. Mr Johnson usually goes to the hospital ________.
A. by his car B. by the black carC. by car D. by the new car
7. Does your brother play ping-pong __________?
A. on every afternoon B. every afternoon
C. in every afternoon D. at every afternoon
8. ________ do you usually come to school?
A. How B. What C. Which D. How much
9. Are we all in _________?
A.the same clasB.sameclassC. the same classesD. same classes
10. ---Don’t you usually come to school by bike?
---_________. But I sometimes walk.
A. Yes, I do B. No, I don’t C. Yes, I do D. No, I don’
11. Susan likes _______.
A. singing B. sing C. sings D. sang
12. Some of ______ can speak English.
A. them B. theirs C. they D. their
13. What ____ Tom and his mother like ?
A. does B. do C. is D. are
14. Where _____ your English teacher from?
A. does B. is C. do D. are
15. Tom can ______ some vegetables at the market.
A. buys B. buying C. buy D. to buy
16. Kate _____ Chinese ______ Monday.
A. have, on B. has, in C. has, on D. there is,
17. A bakery _____ cakes and bread.
A. sell B. buying C. buy D. sells
18. What’s your hobby? My hobby is ______ model plane.
A. makeing B. make C. making D. made
19. Please fill _____ the form.
A. in B. on C. to. D. with
20. The first class _______ at 8:00 am .
A. begin B. is begin C. begins D. is beginning
21. ---_______ is the school library?
---It’s next to the playground.
A. What B. Where C. How D. When
22. Is there a bank _______ your neighborhood?
A. in B. on C. with D. to
23. It’s interesting to take a walk through the _________.
A. hospital B. library C. park D. river
24. ---It’s a place to get money. What is it?
---It’s a _______.
A. hotel B. bank C. home D. park
25. ---Is there a library near where you live? --____________.
A. Yes, there is. B. No, there is. C. Yes, it is. D. No, it isn’t
26. ---What is the opposite of clean?
---________.
A. Small B. Dirty C. Large D. Busy
27. Which kind of animals have long legs and neck?
A. Pandas B. Penguins C. Giraffes. D. do
28. Do you ever play _________ pandas?
A. with B. to C. and D. or
29. He’d like ________ on a vacation.-S1oW#y5KM&sH5l }*tK
A. go B. to go C. going D. wentv9Q9g5Cy7I-ayV
30. Is there _______ in today’s newspaper?0p {yhb/D"}!~
A. important something B. everything important
Dw m'[F/F8H C. anything important D. important anything,U9{1^5Q Y4o
31. Her mother is ________ English teacher. She works in our school.
4N C+]m-bx%P e A. a B. the C. an D. /
!]ex5}/U7BR4n)A 32. They are going to help some farmers ___________ their work.B _\ Qe bL9a2k
A. for B. at C. with D. toL8N,A!S T a R O L
33. _______ your uncle __________ his work?r` XB"U^4m
A. Is, like B. Does, like C. Does, likes D. Do, likes P"ZQP5x
34. Young people like this season _____ it is good for sports. |5n\6x(bK&sJ.d
A. because B. so C. but D. and9Z;}F!m'A n;?c
35. I don’t have __________ read, but I’d like __________.
:V%r_X;J/K A. any, a few B. any, fewC. some, a little D. any, a littleh{~2k/`JI$qm"`
36. ---Can’t you hear __________? ---No, I can hear ___________.
:@+]e7bfi A. anything, nothing B. anything, anything
WZ!Q/n'q&DN C. something, nothing D. something, something
]1U5Jv8dR.Q 37. ---Did you go to the park on Sunday morning?
}\6~^%WJ.K ---________, I went there in the afternoon.vDX2eN9j2D's
A. Yes B. No C. Sure D. Sorry
L#snhp%Kq 38. ---You look tired.-_S5BX4W8M"~w
---Oh, I studied _________ the math test.
)o K1D*t3Ej)}v A. on B. at C. for D. in
b'il8X? 39. I had a ________ weekend. I did a lot of things. How tired I am!"_0Fe|7r'z
A. free B. busy C. good D. bad1w5V3t.y"h mf-D
40. She often buys some CDs ___________ Sunday.2uWo*L9h j)LWy$k
A. at B. in C. on D. withi^3]aa W0Z
41. An old friend of my sister’s always helps my brother and _____
X8{"r|3OJ-I with _____ English.rs*q yT \#E2O6H
A. I, our B. me, our C. me, ourselves D. me, my
2J(|Ks(S y;?Ay 42. Wang Lin _______ very popular. He is the captain of the basketball team.
}7|$Q r?{Q7e A. is B. are C. has D. have
vv9f/V4}n6R/^i.]\ 43. She’s a little bit ________. She doesn’t like talking with others.t8^1y5n+yiy}b0T
A. heavy B. thin C. quiet D. nice
W ck$Sj ^ { 44. I have new image and nobody ________ me. B4iE7_E3S0c
A. see B. sees C. know D. knows}#tc(V WkG!G
45. Do you know the boy ______ the funny glasses.
D&e1y n pp A. on B. at C. with D. to
wXZB @#Q1L2HN,d&ft 46. Rita _______ long hair last week. But she has short hair now.!OgH0Y}
A. have B. has C. had D. having
d4j&d ^+M0G 47. I don’t think he’s so great, but my mom _________.
]!D0VYX,N3H A. do B. does C. is D. are
/\?4a J JJ{*es 48. Let’s _______. I want to buy a new T-shirt.4v*tY$m(?_ p
A. go swimming B. go to the moviesC. go shopping D. go to the beach
y m)f TcS!v#w 49. My hat is black. It ________ a cat.
4l S;uH"|/^7GA"c A;t A. look like B. looks like C. like D. likes
.|'| R C3\!\X5J0vn 50. I like _______ chess. How about you?
o8D0eba ~ A. play B. playing C. plays D. playediK8b[ T m!B
51. I have a new pair of shoes. ________ black and white.xz(yrS)P"P
A. It is B. They are C. These are D. This is
(YKi v7`^_/o 52. I like _________ very much. They are from Australia.d S Y R/T:cv c4n
A. pandas B. giraffes C. koala bears D. dolphins
/J/E"q?raG 53. What would you like _______ your pizza? SM bGzBT
A. on B. in C. from D. to6`(Cs5d3l:l(J Y
54. What is Mary like? She ________.
B n0l8l%} A. is medium height B. has curly hair
lJu(g t\ C. has a medium build D. is funny?7b5G;bgO }+Z-M
55. I don’t like _________ weather because it’s too cold.tPcp$j)Q/R/s5J
A. sunny B. snowy C. warm D. hot!K3N2`8L"l? f0W ] op
56. What will you do ________ vacation?-^+e J E2aX
A. on B. in C. to D. of
M EvrX9}(w 57. He _______ English very well.Y'G @Z3~9g(\H:\
A. tells B. talks C. speaks D. saysa4}(Jpd mfk
58. Tony is always late ________ school because he gets up ________ 7:00.
+}&k8Xgo e"kI^;X"\ A. at, for B. at, at C. for, at D. for, forVN p;qd u Vm
59. I like fried chicken so I always think it is _________.
{n9F"| VS A. delicious B. expensive C. terrible D. cheap3qAWk#[^n2G
60. I broke my leg yesterday ______ I didn’t run for exercise in the morning.Ms\ D3]6g3A
A. or B. but C. because D. so1A |K@+[d n
61. He is friendly and most of his classmates like to discuss ______ him.(W~J+Ns
A. by B. on C. with D. and
3Wa0QR Y6H 62. ---Yesterday, I watched a movie Harry Potter. I don’t love it. How about you?n@fF0}
--- I do too B. I don’t too C. I don’t either D. I do either
#Ic~S IB4B q 63. Tom studies at our school. He is a ________ boy.'V"~S+?t`
A. fifteen-year-old B. fifteen-years-old 9}9lE Z]N
C.fifteenyear old D. fifteen years old
"_zcs8Y6q ^ 64. ---Do you like to watch Hero?
&X f0m O.w2}!_ep;? lw ---Yes. I enjoy ________ action movies.
%W%K+_8bK @+C py` A. watch B. watches C. to watch D. watching)UMS` C@D
65. They don’t have to _____ their school uniforms.
~2`:Gd2k3A&Y A. dress B. have on C. wear D. put on
j3t'@Tw'o:t 66. Don’t watch TV _________ school nights.g c9a\l9f'u8pF
A. at B. in C. / D. on
#B/P;iFM 67. We can’t ________ late for class.
#S k a$e[g A. arrive in B. arrive at C. get to D. arrive
Nu%l4Jvy 68. You can’t eat _____ outside.#l&D#y J]6^/VB \
A. at B. / C. in D. on"^c Gk{N l+y
69. There are too _________ rules in the school.1vcs%X |7iM?
A. many B. much C. a lot of D. some h*s0j'ei
70. Be home ________ 8 o’clock on Saturday.
n d]~q J A. by B. to C. on D. in f5K{%T0V D
71. Students can’t _________ music in the hallways.!n REOr ]7T2w]
A. listen B. hear C. listen to D. hear to
dlL:s \0t/o/T | 72. ________ at ten o’clock in the evening.
Mm2R0r@j/Kb A. Go to bed B. Goes to bed C. Gets up D. Get up
;H g BKmj.~7F 73. A kid ______ breakfast every morning, because it’s good for his health.
QkR&T"D j6pG pv A. have to B. has to C. has to have D. has to has _Zi1\@R5U
74. Don’t go into the classroom without the _________.
6TL1yM:G},Z| Nny A. doctor B. assistant C. teacher D. clerk
iM~p ]a 75. She _______ this book last week.
V,?Q5T a y A. read B. reads C. readed D. is reading+t0{@C v6M
76. When _______ your birthday? l~B'U9P
A. is B. was C. were D. are
X;T6CV_/f"S:O6O$k 77. There are a lot of students in the classroom. Some are reading. ________ are writing.
r}R^Wj7u A. Other B. The other C. another D. Others
'@f6qnp\0e l 78. I have to leave here now. Can you take a photo _______ me?fPN'J[,CEJV
A. with B. of C. by D. on
!F A(o"e xv4bk3^ 79. 13. It’s very cold in this room. Why don’t you _________ your coat?
%g]0R#kvgg }1xA A. take off B. wear C. put on D. take to
$B @3Z nK+B }9e5?Z 80. --- Hello, ___________? ---This is Peter.
]8Et#P ^)F A. What’s this?B. Who’s this? C. Who are you? D. What are you?
(没有这些符号的,我把这个网站给你)
http://www.songcao.com/bbs/archiver/?tid-225.html
5. 高一英语必修一第一单元语法详解
http://ke..com/view/56536.html
http://news.hongen.com/news/show_34_63.html
http://www.sdz.cn/student/ShowArticle.asp?ArticleID=540
http://www.yygrammar.co
http://www.jbstudy.com/Webmoles/Repository/OutlineInfo.aspx?OutlineID=286m/Article/adjc/Index.html
6. 七下英语第一单元语法项目的意思
Unit 1 Where’s your pen pal from?
一．短语： 1 ．be from = come from 来自于---- 2． live in 居住在--- 3． on weekends 在周末 4 ．write to sb = write a letter to sb 给某人写信；写信给某人 5 ．in the world 在世界上 in China 在中国 6．pen pal 笔友 14 years old 14岁 favorite subject 最喜欢的科目 7．the United States 美国 the United Kingdom 英国 New York 纽约 8．speak English 讲英语 like and dislike 爱憎 9．go to the movies 去看电影 play sports 做运动
二．重点句式： 1 Where’s your pen pal from? = Where does your pen pal from/ 2 Where does he live? 3 What language(s) does he speak? 4 I want a pen pal in China. 5 I can speak English and a little French. 6 Please write and tell me about yourself. 7 Can you write to me soon? 8 I like going to the movies with my friends and playing sports.
三．本单元的国家，人民、语言对应。 1 Canada---- Canadian---- English / French 2 France------ French------French 3 Japan------Japanese----Japanese 4 Australia----Australian----- English 5 the United States------ American---- English 6 the United Kingdom---British----- Enghish
一．短语
1 look like 看起来像....
2 curly /short/straight/long hair 卷／短／直发 3 medium height/build 中等高度／身体 4 a little bit 一点儿„
5 a pop singer 一位流行歌手 6 have a new look 呈现新面貌
7 go shopping (do some shopping) 去购物 8 the captain of the basketball team 篮球队队长 9 be popular with sb 为---所喜爱 10 stop to do sth 停下来去做某事 11 stop doing sth 停止正在做的事情 12 tell jokes/ stories 讲笑话/ 讲故事
13 have fun doing sth 愉快地做某事
14 remember ( forget) to do sth 记得（忘记）做某事（没有做的） 15 remember (forget) doing sth 记得（忘记）做过某事（已做） 16 one of --- ---中的一个 二．本单元的重点句：
1 Is that your friend? No, it isn’t. 2 What does she look like?
3 I think I know her. ( I don’t think I know her.) 4 Wang Lin is the captain of the basketball team. 5 She’s a little bit quiet.
6 Xu Qian loves to tell jokes. 7 She never stops talking.
8 She likes reading and playing chess. 9 I don’t think he’s so great.
10 I can go shopping and nobody knows me. 11 Now he has a new look. 三．重难点解析
1 What does/ do +主语 + look like? 询问某人的外貌特征，看上去什么样？ Eg: What does your friend look like?
2 形容头发时， 可按照先长短，后曲直，最后说颜色的顺序说。
Eg: She has long curly black hair.
3 one of + 名词复数，谓语动词要用“单三”形式。 Eg: One of his friends is a worker.
4 不定代词做主语时，谓语动词要用“单三”形式。修饰不定代词词，应该放在它的后面． Eg: I can go shopping and nobody knows me.
5．He is „(通常为形容词，包括身高、体形等)
He has„（通常为形容词修饰的名词，包括头发、五官）
He wears„（穿、戴、留。可以是衣服、帽子、鞋子等，也可以是眼镜、手表、胡须）
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6．I don’t think„的用法表达否定的看法 I don’t think she is good-looking. Unit 8 I＇d like some noodles 一． 短语
1． beef and tomato noodles＼noodles with beef and tomato 牛肉西红柿面 chicken and cabbage noodles mutton and potato noodles tomato and egg noodles beef and carrot noodles 2．would like to do sth \want to do sth 想要作某事 3．what kind of noodles什么种类的面条
4．what size bowl of noodles什么大小碗型的面
5．a large＼medium\small bowl of noodles 大＼中＼小碗的面
6．ice cream 冰淇淋 orange juice桔汁 green tea绿茶 RMB人民币 phone number电话号码
7． House of Dumplings＼noodles饺子＼面馆 Dessert House甜点屋 二．重点句型
1． What kind of vegetables\meat\ drink food would you like? I’d like ……
I’d like chicken and cabbage noodles. 2. What kind of noodles would you like? I’d like beef noodles.
3. What kind of noodles would you like? I’d like chicken and cabbage noodles.
4. What size bowl \plate of noodles would you like? I’d like a large \ medium\ small bowl noodles. 5. What size cake would you like? I would like a small birthday-cake. 三．重难点解析
1．would like 想要（表示一种委婉的语气）其用法相当于want. would like + 名词 would like an apple (want an apple) would like to do sth
He would like to play soccer.
----Would you like to see the dolphins? ----Yes, I’d like to.
（1）would 是情态动词，没有人称和数的变化，可与人称代词缩写为’d, 与其它情态动词一样可帮助完成疑问句和否定句。（你能举出例子吗？） 我想要些牛肉。 I’d like some beef.
她想去打乒乓球。She would like to play ping-pang. （你能变否定句和疑问句吗？） （2) Would you like sth.? 是提建议的一种句型，如需用一些，用some而不用any. 肯定回答是： Yes, please./ All right./ Yes./OK. 其否定回答是：No, thanks.
2．What kind of noodles would you like?
kind 在此句中作“种类”讲，a kind of 一种，all kinds of 各种各样的。kind of 有几分 A cat is a kind of animal.
There are all kinds of animals in the zoo The cat is kind of smart.
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3． Can I help you?你要买什么
肯定 Yes, please . I would like „„ 否定 No, thanks. Unit 9 How was your weekend 一．短语
1. play +运动 play soccer play tennis play sports play the + 乐器 play the guitar play with„和某人＼物玩耍
2．have +三餐 have breakfast \lunch \ supper 3. study for… clean the room visit sb stay at home
have a party talk show
4．go to the beach go to the movies go for a walk go to the mountains 5．go shopping\do some shopping \go to the shop 买东西
6．last weekend＼over the weekend 上周末 on weekends 每周末
7．on +某日＋morning\afternoon\evening in + morning\afternoon\evening in+年＼月＼季节 at +时刻 last (next) month＼year\week 8．what about＋n\v-ing\prep=how about „„呢
9. spend the weekend last week 度过上周的周末
10．It’s time to do sth＝it’s time for sth 该做么的时候了 11．look for 寻找．．．．． 二，重点句型和语法 1．一般过去时
表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态,通常与 过去的时间状语连用:
yesterday ,last week(month,year)
1）系动词be的过去时: am(is) →was, are →were 陈述句：He was at home yesterday. 否定句：He wasn’t at home yesterday. 疑问句：Was he at home yesterday? Yes ,he was./No ,he wasn’t. 2）行为动词的一般过去时:
陈述句：主语+动词过去式+其它
I go to the movie. →I went to the movie.
否定句：主语+助动词didn’t+动词原形+其它 I don’t go to school today. →I didn’t go to school. 一般疑问句：Did +主语+动词原形+其它
Do you have breakfast? →Did you have breakfast? Yes,I do./No,I don’t. Yes,I did./No,I didn’t. （3）规则动词的过去式变化规则 变化规则 例词
一般在词尾加—ed. play→played
以不发音的e结尾的，只加--d. like →liked
love →loved
以辅音字母+y 结尾的，变y为i ,再加—ed. study →studied carry →carried
7. 初三英语第一单元语法
介词来后面可以加名词作为宾语，源还可以加上动名词，也就是动词的ing形式。这个叫做介宾结构
例如：
介词+名词
by bike
介词+动名词
by doing (表示“通过做某事”来完成目的，是一种方式)
study 和后面的by不是一个结构的
但是study可以有其他结构，如study sth.或study doing或study to do都可以
8. 人教版高一上学期英语第一单元语法重点有些什么
必修1： 动词（将来动作的表达法） 2.直接引语和间接引语（陈述句、祈使句、疑问句专） 3.定语从句（关系代词属that,which,who引导的定语从句） （由关系代词whose引导的定语从句） （由关系副词when,where,why引导的定语从句）必修2： 1.定语从句（关系代词that,which,who引导的定语从句） （由关系代词whose引导的定语从句） （由关系副词when,where,why引导的定语从句） （限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句） 2.被动语态（一般将来时构成的被动语态） （现在完成时构成的被动语态） （现在进行时构成的被动语态） 必修3：情态动词 2.名词性从句（宾语从句、表语从句、主语从句、同位语从句）必修4：主语和谓语动词的一致 2.动词-ing形式 3.构词法（合成、转化、派生、） 我可是特意去翻了书的。