㈠ 英语语法中,直接引语与间接引语的时态变化 最好有例句..越详细越好..
楼上的非常详细,所以,我就简单列个表吧!直接引语间接引语时态一般现在时一般过去时 现在进行时过去进行时 现在完成时过去完成时 一般将来时过去将来时 一般过去时过去完成时指示代词this / thesethat / those 时间状语 nowtoday,tonighttomorrowthis week (month…)yesterdaylast week (month…)the day before yesterdaythe day after tomorrowthree days agonext weekthenthat day,that nightthe next / following daythat week (month...)the day beforethe week (month…)in two days beforein two days’ timethree days beforethe following / next week地点状语herethere动词comego 句式陈述句一般疑问句特殊疑问句选择疑问句祈使句that引导宾语从句whether/if引导宾语从句相应的疑问词引导的宾语从句whether…or引导宾语从句ask,tell + 宾语+to dothat引导宾语从句
㈡ 英语语法： 直接引语和间接引语 该语法中说明如果直接引语中所讲述的内容为客观事实等，改为间接引语时，
He told me that he could speak English.
He said (that) he could speak English.
这个不是客观真理或事实, 月亮围着地版球转权才是.
㈢ 英语语法的直接引语改间接引语
人称的变化直接引语中的代词变为间接引语时，要根据句意情景进行变化。变化规则如下表所示：直接引语间接引语第一人称第三人称或第一人称第二人称第三人称或第一人称第三人称第三人称e.g.I said,“I won’t lose heart.”→I said that 1 wouldn’t lose heart.我说我不会灰心的。(第一人称I不变)I told Mary,“We will help you out of trouble.”→I told Mary that we would help her out of trouble.我告诉玛丽我们会帮助她解决麻烦的。(第一人称we不变，第二人you变为第三人称her)Nancy told her parents,“Evan is a nice boy. He is always ready to help.”→Nancy told her parents that Evan was a nice boy and that he was always ready to help.南希告诉父母说伊文是一个不错的小伙并且他总是乐于助人。(第三人称he不变)2．时态的变化主句中谓语动词的时态如果是现在时或将来时，则间接引语中时态和原直接引语的时态一样，不作改变。e.g.Carson says,“I will have all of you over and enjoy our free and easy time.”→Carson says that he will have all of us over and enjoy our free and easy time.卡森说他会让我们都过来自由、轻松地好好玩一玩。（1）时态变化的情况如果主句为过去的某种时态，则间接引语的时态应相应向前推一个时态，如下表所示：直接引语间接引语直接引语间接引语一般现在时一般过去时一般将来时过去将来时一般过去时过去完成时现在完成时过去完成时现在进行时过去进行时过去完成时e.g.Tina said,“I usually get up at six.”→Tim said she usually got up at six.蒂娜说她通常六点起床。(一般现在时变为一般过去时)Martin told me,“I rang Alice yesterday.”→Martin told me that he had rung Alice the day before.马丁告诉我说他昨天已经给艾丽斯打电话了。(一般过去时变为过去完成时)Nina told me,“Lisa is studying abroad.”Nina told me that Lisa was studying abroad.尼娜告诉我丽莎正在国外学习。(现在进行时变为过去进行时)Hayley said to me,“I will see you at the same place tomorrow.”→Hayley said to me that she would see me at the same place the next day.海莉对我讲她第二天要在同一地点见我。(一般将来时变为过去将来时)Nell said,“I have worked out this problem.”→Nell said that she had worked out that problem.内尔说她已经做出了那道题目。(现在完成时改为过去完成时)Bob told me,“I had worked here for years before I moved out.”→Bob told me that he had worked there for years before he moved out.鲍勃告诉我说他在那儿工作了多年才搬走。(过去完成时不变)（2）时态不需要变化的几种情况一般说来当直接引语转为间接引语，被转述的话依然有效或在当时、当地转述时，常常不改变时态。具体有以下几种情况。①直接引语有确定的过去时间时。e.g.Chloe said,“The story took place in the 1930s.”→Chloe said that the story took place in the 1930s.克劳说这个故事发生在二十世纪三十年代。②只着眼于转述事实，而不侧重动作先于转述动作的时间时。e.g.The boy said,“I found the dog just at the edge of the wood.”→The boy said that he found the dog just at the edge of the wood.男孩说他在森林边上发现了那条狗。③所转述的动作或状态说话时仍在继续，并对此点加以强调时。e.g.The reporter said,“The war is now still on.”→The reporter said that the war is now still on.记者说战争依然在继续。Charlie told me,“I am just helping my dad on the farm right now.”→Charlie told me that he is just helping his dad on the farm right now.查理告诉我说他现在正在农场帮他父亲干活。④所转述的是自然现象、科学真理、名言警句等，并对此加以强调时。e.g.Our English teacher said,“All work no play makes Jack a ll boy.”→Our English teacher told US that all work no play makes Jack a ll boy.我们的英语老师告诉我们只顾学习不休息，聪明的孩子也变傻。3．指示代词的变化直接引语中的this在变为间接引语时应改为that，these改为those。e.g.Toby said to me,“This is the School Computer Center.”→Toby said to me that was the School Computer Center.(this变为that)托比告诉我说那就是学校计算机中心。Kerry told me,“These photos were taken ten years ago.”→Kerry told me that those photos had been taken ten years before.(these变为those)克里告诉我说那些照片是十年前拍的。注意：在说话者的当时、当地转述时，this，that不用改变。—Nora said,“I’ll take this book.”—What did Nora say just now?—She said she will take this book.4．时间状语的变化直接引语间接引语now现在then那时today今天that day那天this evening今晚that evening那天晚上yesterday昨天the day before前天yesterday morning昨天上午the morning before前天早晨last night昨天晚上the night before前天晚上two days ago两天前two days before两天前next week下周the next weekthe following week第二周tomorrow明天the next daythe following day第二天the day before yesterday前天two days before两天前the day after tomorrow后天in two days’ timetwo days after两天后e.g.Nell said,“I’m now visiting China.”→Nell said that she was then visiting China.内尔说她当时正访问中国。(now变为then)Rebecca asked me,“Have you got anything on this evening?”→Rebecca asked me whether I had got anything on that evening.丽贝卡问我那天晚上是否有事。(this evening变为that evening)Joanna said,“Professor Black is going to give a lecture on SARS next week.”→Joanna said that Professor Black was going to give a lecture on SARS the next week.乔安娜说布莱克教授第二周要做一场有关非典的讲座。(next week变为the next week)特别提示在说话者的当时、当地转述时，所说的话在转述时还起作用，时间状语不变。e.g.—Jimmy, we’ll take a trip to Hawaii tomorrow.吉米，明天我们到夏威夷去旅行。—What did Daddy say just now, Mummy?妈妈，爸爸说什么？—He said we’ll take a trip to Hawaii tomorrow.他说明天我们去夏威夷旅行。5．地点状语的变化常见的地点状语变化是把here，变为there。另外over here应变为over there。e.g.The boy said,“This is the first time I have been here.”→The boy said that that was the first time he had been there.这个男孩说那是他第一次到那个地方。(here变为there)Roman told me,“I just put all the things over here.”→Roman told me that he had just put all the things over there.罗曼告诉我他刚才把所有的东西都放在那边了。(over here变为over there)特别提示在说话者的当时、当地转述时，here，over here不用改变。e.g.—Will you come here, Jim?吉姆请到这边来，好吗？—What does Robert say?罗伯特刚才说什么？—He asked if you will come here.他问你是否可以到这边来。6．方向性动词的变化在直接引语变为间接引语时，表示方向性的动词bring，come应变为take，go。e.g.My sister asked me,“Could you bring the chairs upstairs?”→My sister asked me if I could take the chairs upstairs.我的姐姐问我能否把椅子拿到楼上去。(bring变为take)Helen told me,“I’d prefer you to come to the party this weekend.”→Helen told me that she would prefer me to go to the party that weekend.海伦告诉我她愿意让我那个周末去参加宴会。(come变为go)
㈣ 英语语法 间接引语什麽时候用that引导
间接引语间接引语什麽时候用that引导
就是在直接引语中引号内的句子是陈述句时，版变间接引语时用that引导，而权且that常省略。
如：I
said,"I'm
a
student"----I
said
(that)
I
was
a
student.这里的that可加可不加。
He
said
to
me,"I
like
English".---He
told
me
(that)
he
liked
English.
㈤ 英语引语语法直接引语变间接引语加的那个that 是不是都可以省略
是的that引导宾语从句时可以省略 间接引语属于宾语从句 故 that可以省略
㈥ 如何讲清英语语法中直接引语与间接引语的互换
直接引语变间接引语:定义：我们转述别人的话时，可以引用别人的原话，被引用的部分称为直接引语；用自己的话转述别人的话叫间接引语。这两种引语都是宾语从句，但是直接引语放在引号内，不用连词联接；间接引语不用引号，通常用连接词与主句联接。
一、直接引语变间接引语时句式的变化
1.陈述句变为以 that 引导的宾语从句。例如：
He said, “I'm very glad.”
→He said that he was very glad.
2.一般疑问句变为if(whether)引导的宾语从句。例如：
He said, “Can you come this afternoon, John?”
→He asked whether (if) John could come that afternoon.
3. 特殊疑问句变为由who, what, when等疑问词引导的宾语从句。例如：
He said, “Where is Mr. Wang?”
→He asked where Mr. Wang was.
二、 人称的变化
【点拨】人称的变化一般遵循“一同主，二随宾，三不变”这一原则，例如：
“I went to the Great Wall yesterday,” Li Hua said.
→Li Hua said that he had gone to the Great Wall the day before.
“I’ll come to help you whenever you need my help,” he answered her.
→He answered her that he would come to help her whenever she needed his help.
She said to me, “Your pronunciation is better than his.”
→She told me that my pronunciation was better than his.
三、.时态变化
主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，从句的谓语动词在时态方面要做相应的变化，总的原则是向过去推一个时态。
时态的变化 例 句
一般现在时→
一般过去时 She said, “I need a calculator.”
→She said that she needed a calculator.
现在进行时→
过去进行时 Jim said, “I’m expecting a long distance call.” →Jim said that he was expecting a long distance call.
一般将来时→
过去将来时 Nancy said, “I’ll call again later.”
→Nancy said that she would call again later.
一般过去时→
过去完成时 He said, “I took it home with me.”
→He said that he had taken it home with him.
现在完成时→
过去完成时 Paul said, “Our team has won the match.”
→Paul said that their team had won the match.
过去完成时→
过去完成时 He said, “I had finished my homework before supper.” →He said that he had finished his homework before supper.
四、 指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和动词的变化
变化形式 例句
指
示
代
词 this→
that She said, “She is coming this week.”
→She said that she was coming that week.
these→
those He said, “These books are mine.”
→He said those books were his.
时
间
状
语 now→
then He said, “It’s ten o’clock now.”
→He said that it was ten o’clock then.
today→
that day He said, “I haven’t seen her today.”
→He said that he hadn’t seen her that day.
tonight→
that night She said, “I’ll come again tonight.”
→She said that she would go again that night.
yesterday→
the day before He said, “This happened yesterday.”
→He said that had happened the day before.
时
间
状
语 now→
then He said, “It’s ten o’clock now.”
→He said that it was ten o’clock then.
today→
that day He said, “I haven’t seen her today.”
→He said that he hadn’t seen her that day.
tonight→
that night She said, “I’ll come again tonight.”
→She said that she would go again that night.
yesterday→
the day before He said, “This happened yesterday.”
→He said that had happened the day before.
three days ago→
three days before She said, “I arrived two days ago.”
→She said that she had arrived two days before.
tomorrow→
the next day
the following day She said, “He’ll be back tomorrow.”
→She said that he would be back the next day.
next week→
the next week She said, “I’ll do it next week.”
→She said that she would do it the next week.
地
点
状
语 here→
there She said, “He came here to see Tom.”
→She said that he had gone there to see Tom.
动
词 come/bring→
go/take He said, “I brought it home with me.”
→He said he had taken it home with him.
【拓展延伸】
直接引语变为间接引语时时态不作改变的情况
① 主句的谓语动词为现在或将来时态，从句的时态无需变化。例如：
He says, “I’m tired.”
→He says that he is tired.
He will say, “The boy was lazy.”
→He will tell you that the boy was lazy.
② 当直接引语是客观真理时，不受时间的限制，因此不需要变化时态。
Our geography teacher said to us, “The earth goes round the sun.”→Our geography teacher told us that the earth goes round the sun.
③ 直接引语是一般过去时，并且和具体的过去时间连用，时态不作改变。
She said, “I was born in 1995.”
→She said that she was born in 1995.
㈦ 初中英语语法 直接引语变间接引语
比如说："I like dancing."Lily said.
改为间接的话，那就是：Lily said she likes dancing.
就是把一个人说过的话复述一遍，没有了双引号。
㈧ 直接间接引语互相转换和宾语从句详细英语语法。
直接引语变间接引语
一、如何变人称：
学生在将直接引语变间接引语时。常常弄不清人称变化。下面有一句顺口溜“一随主。二随宾，第三人称不更新”。“一随主”是指在直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰。从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化如：
She said. "My brother wants to go with me. "→She said her brother wanted to go with her.
“二随宾”是指直接引语变间接引语时，若从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称。或被第二人你所修饰。从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。如果引号外的主句没有宾语。也可以用第一人称，如：
He said to Kate. "How is your sister now?"→He asked Kate how her sister was then。
“第三人称不更新”是指直接引语变间接引语时。如果从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰从句中的人称一般不需要变化如：
Mr Smith said。 "Jack is a good worker。"→Mr Smith said Jack was a good worker。
二、如何变时态：
直接引语在改为间接引语时、时态需要做相应的调整。
现在时它需改为过去时态；过去时态改为完成时；过去完成时则保留原来的时态。如：
1)She said. "I have lost a pen."→ She said she had lost a pen
2)She said. "We hope so."→ She said they hoped so.
3) She said. "He will go to see his friend。"→She said he would go to see his friend。
但要注意在以下几种情况下。在直接引语变为间接引语时，时态一般不变化。
①直接引语是客观真理。
"The earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth, the teacher told me. → The teacher told me the earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth。
②直接引语是过去进行时，时态不变。如：
Jack said. "John, where were you going when I met you in the street?"→ Jack asked John where he was going when he met him in the street。
③直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语，变为间接引语时，时态不变。如：
Xiao Wang said. "I was born on April 2l, 1980。" →Xiao Wang said he was born on April 20, 1980。
④直接引语如果是一般现在时。表示一种反复出现或习惯性的动作，变间接引语，时态不变。如：
He said, "I get up at six every morning。" →He said he gets up at six every morning。
⑤如果直接引语中的情态动词没有过去时的形式（例：ought to， had better, used to)和已经是过去时的形式时，（例：could, should, would, might）不再变。如：
Peter said. "You had better come have today。" →Peter said I had better go there that day。
三、如何变状语：
直接引语变间接引语，状语变化有其内在规津，时间状语由“现在”改为“原来”（例：now变为then, yesterday。变为 the day before）地点状语，尤其表示方向性的，或用指示代词修饰的状语，由“此”改为“彼”（例：this 改为that),如：
He said, "These books are mine." →He said those books were his.
四、如何变句型：
①直接引语如果是陈述句，间接引语应改为由that引导的宾语从句。如：She said, "Our bus will arrive in five minutes."→She said that their bus would arrive in five minutes.
②直接引语如果是反意疑问句，选择疑问句或一般疑问句，间接引语应改为由whether或if引导的宾语从句.如：He said, "Can you swim, John?" →He asked John if he could swim.
"You have finished the homework, haven‘t you?" my mother asked. →My mother asked me whether I had finished the homework.
"Do you go to school by bus or by bike?" →He asked me if I went to school by bus or by bike.
③直接引语如果是特殊问句，间接引语应该改为由疑问代词或疑问副词引导的宾语从句（宾语从句必须用陈述句语序）。
She asked me, "When do they have their dinner?"→ She asked me when they had their dinner.
④直接引语如果是祈使句，间接引语应改为"tell(ask, order, beg等) sb (not) to do sth."句型。如：
"Don’t make any noise," she said to the children. →She told (ordered) the children not to make any noise. "Bring me a cup of tea, please," said she.→She asked him to bring her a cup of tea.
⑤直接引语如果是以“Let‘s”开头的祈使句，变为间接引语时，通常用“suggest +动句词（或从句）。”如：
He said, "Let’s go to the film." →He suggested going to the film.或He suggested that they should go to see the film.
直接引语和间接引语详解
引述或转述别人的话称为“引语”。直接引用别人的原话，两边用引号“ “标出，叫做直接引语；用自己的语言转述别人的话，不需要引号这叫做间接引语，实际上间接引语大都是宾语从句（其中由祈使句转换的间接引语除外，其转换后是不定式）。那么直接引语为陈述句、一般疑问句、特殊疑问句和祈使句，转换为间接引语时，句子的结构，人称、时态、时间状语和地点状语等都要有变化，如何变化呢?
1、人称的转变
1）直接引语中的第一人称，一般转换为第三人称，如：
He said，“I am very sorry.” ——>He said that he was very sorry.
2）直接引语中的第二人称，如果原话是针对转述人说的，转换为第一人称，如：
“You should be more careful next time,” my father told me.——>
My father told me that I should be more careful the next time.
3）直接引语中的第二人称，如果原话是针对第三人称说的，转换成第三人称。如：
She said to her son, “I'll check your homework tonight.” ——>
She said to her son that she would check his homework that night.
4）人称的转换包括人称代词、物主代词和名词性物主代词等，如：
He asked me, “Will you go to the station with me to meet a friend of mine this afternoon?” ——>
He asked me whether I would go to the station with him to meet a friend of his that afternoon.
总之，人称的转换不是固定的，具体情况，具体对待，要符合逻辑。
2、时态的转换
直接引语改为间接引语时，主句中的谓语动词如果是过去时，从句（即间接引语部分）的谓语动词在时态方面要作相应的变化，变成过去时范畴的各种时态（实际也是宾语从句的时态要求），变化如下：
直接引语 间接引语 直接引语 间接引语
一般现在时 一般过去时 一般过去时 过去完成时
现在进行时 过去进行时 过去完成时 过去完成时
现在完成时 过去完成时 过去进行时 过去进行时
一般将来时 过去将来时
例如：
“I am very glad to visit your school”, she said. ——>
She said she was very glad to visit our school.
Tom said, “We are listening to the pop music.” ——>
Tom said that they were listening to the pop music.
Mother asked, “Have you finished your homework before you watch TV?” ——>
Mother asked me whether I had finished my homework before I watched TV.
He asked the conctor, “Where shall I get off to change to a No. 3 bus?” ——>
He asked the conctor where he would get off to change to a No. 3 bus.
“Why did she refuse to go there?” the teacher asked. ——>
The teacher asked why she had refused to go there.
Mother asked me, “Had you finished your homework before you watched TV?” ——>
Mother asked me whether I had finished my homework before I watched TV.
Tom said, “We were having a football match this time yesterday.” ——>
Tom said that they were having a football match that time the day before.
He said，“I haven't heard from my parents these days.” ——>
He said that he hadn't heard from his parents those days.
3、直接引语变成间接引语时，从句时态无须改变的情况
1）当主句的谓语动词是一般现在时的时候，如：
He always says, “I am tired out.” ——>He always says that he is tired out.
2）当主句的谓语动词是将来时的时候，如：
He will say, “I’ll try my best to help you.” ——>He will say that he will try his best to help me.
3）当直接引语部分带有具体的过去时间状语时，如：
He said, “I went to college in 1994.” ——>He told us that he went to college in 1994.
4）当直接引语中有以when, while引导的从句，表示过去的时间时，如：
He said，“When I was a child, I usually played football after school.” ——>
He said that when he was a child, he usually played football after school.
5）当直接引语是客观真理或自然现象时，如：
Our teacher said to us, “Light travels faster than sound.” ——>
Our teacher told us that light travels faster than sound.
6）当引语是谚语、格言时，如：
He said，“Practice makes perfect.” ——>He said that practice makes perfect.
7）当直接引语中有情态动词should, would, could, had better, would rather, might, must, ought to, used to, need时，如：
例如：
The doctor said, “You'd better drink plenty of water.” ——>
The doctor said I'd better drink plenty of water.
He said, “She must be a teacher.”——> He said that she must be a teacher.
He said, “She ought to have arrived her office by now.”——>
He said that she ought to have arrived her office by then.
The teacher said, “You needn't hand in your compositions today.”——>
The teacher said we needn't/didn't need to/didn't have to hand in our compositions.
She asked, “Must I take the medicine?”——> She asked if she had to take the medicine.
〔注〕：此处用had to代替must更好
8）此外转述中的变化要因实际情况而定，不能机械照搬，如果当地转述，here不必改为there, 动词come不必改为go，如果当天转述yesterday, tomorrow, this afternoon等均不必改变。如：
Teacher: You may have the ball game this afternoon.
Student : What did the teacher say, Monitor?
Monitor: He said we might have the ball game this afternoon.
4、时间状语、地点状语及某些对比性的指示代词和动词变化
1）时间状语：
直接引语 间接引语 直接引语 间接引语
now then tomorrow the next（following）day
today that day next week the next（following）week（month, year）
yesterday the day before two days ago two days before
last week （month, year） the week（month, year）before this week that week（month, year）
2）指示代词：these 变成those
3）地点状语：here变成there
She said, “I won't come here any more.”——> She said that she wouldn’t go there any more..
4）动词：come变成go，bring变成take
㈨ 英语语法 间接引语什麽时候用that引导
间接引语间接引语什麽时候用that引导
就是在直接引语中引号内的句子是陈述句时内，变间接引语时用that引导，而且容that常省略。
如：I said,"I'm a student"----I said (that) I was a student.这里的that可加可不加。
He said to me,"I like English".---He told me (that) he liked English.