① 英语:主语谓语动词一致的要点
一、语法一致原则
语法上一致就是谓语动词和主语在单、复数形式上保持一致。
1. 以单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式；主语为复数时，谓语动词用复数形式。
注意：由what引导的主语从句，后面的谓语动词多数情况用单数形式，但若表语是复数或what从句是一个带有复数意义的并列结构时，主句的谓语动词用复数形式。
2. 由连接词and或both ... and连接起来的合成主语后面，要用复数形式的谓语动词。
注意：（1）若and所连接的两个词是指同一个人或物时，它后面的谓语动词就应用单数形式。如：The writer and artist has come. （2）由and连接的并列单数主语前如果分别有no, each, every more than a (an) , many a (an)修饰时，其谓语动词要用单数形式。如：Every student and every teacher was in the room. / No boy and no girl likes it.
3. 主语为单数名词或代词，尽管后面跟有with, together with, except, but, like, as well as, rather than, more than, no less than, besides, including等引起的短语，谓语动词仍用单数形式；若主语为复数，谓语用复数形式。
4. either, neither, each, every 或no +单数名词和由some, any, no, every构成的复合不定代词，都作单数看待。
注意：（1）在口语中当either或neither后跟有“of+复数名词（或代词）”作主语时，其谓语动词也可用复数。如：Neither of the texts is (are) interesting. （2）若none of后面的名词是不可数名词，它的谓语动词就要用单数；若它后面的名词是复数，它的谓语动词用单数或复数都可以。
5. 在定语从句时，关系代词that, who, which等作主语时，其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数一致。
6. 如果集体名词指的是整个集体，它的谓语动词用单数；如果它指集体的成员，其谓语动词就用复数形式。这些词有family, class, crowd, committee, population, audience等。
注意：people, police, cattle等名词一般都用作复数。如：The police are looking for the lost child.
7. 由“a lot of, lots of, plenty of, the rest of, the majority of + 名词”构成的短语以及由“分数或百分数+名词”构成的短语作主语，其谓语动词的数要根据短语中后面名词的数而定。
注意：a number of“许多”，作定语修饰复数名词，谓语用复数；the number of“……的数量”，主语是number，谓语用单数。
8. 在倒装句中，谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致
二、逻辑意义一致原则
逻辑意义一致就是谓语动词的数必须和主语的意义一致（因有时主语形式为单数，但意义为复数；有时形式为复数，但意义为单数）。
1. what, who, which, any, more, all等代词可以是单数，也可是复数，主要靠意思来决定。
2. 表示“时间、重量、长度、价值”等的名词的复数作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数形式，这是由于作主语的名词在概念上是一个整体，
3. 若英语是书名、片名、格言、剧名、报名、国名等的复数形式，其谓语动词通常用单数形式。
4. 表数量的短语“one and a half”后接复数名词作主语时，其谓语动词可用单数形式（也可用复数。
5. 算式中表示数目（字）的主语通常作单数看待，其谓语动词采用单数形式。
6. 一些学科名词是以 –ics 结尾，如：mathematics, politics, physics 以及news, works等，都属于形式上是复数的名词，实际意义为单数名词，它们作主语时，其谓语动词要用单数形式。
7. trousers, glasses, clothes, shoes, 等词作主语时，谓语用复数，但如果这些名词前有a (the) pair of等量词修饰时，谓语动词用单数。
8. “定冠词the + 形容词或分词”，表示某一类人时，动词用复数。
三、就近一致原则
在英语句子中，有时谓语动词的人称和数与最近的主语保持一致。
1. 当两个主语由either ... or, neither ... nor, whether ... or ..., not only ... but also连接时，谓语动词和邻近的主语一致。
2. there be句型be动词单复数取决于其后的主语。如果其后是由and连接的两个主语，则应与靠近的那个主语保持一致。
注意：Here引导的句子用法同上。
② 高中英语的主谓一致用法，语法一致，意义一致，就近原则的详细用法。
可以网络 高考语法完全突破 视频教程 主谓一致一讲
③ 写英语作文的时候怎样才能保持时态一致英语语法有什么时态分别是怎样的
时常检查。英语时态有16种：一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、过去将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、将来进行时、过去将来进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时、将来完成时、过去将来完成时、现在完成进行时、过去完成进行时、将来完成进行时、过去将来完成进行时。
（1）一般现在时
基本形式（以do为例）：
第三人称单数：does（主语为非第三人称单数）；
肯定句：主语＋动词原形＋其他；
He works for us.
否定句：主语＋don‘t/doesn't＋动词原形＋其他；
He doesn't work for us.
一般疑问句：Do/Does＋主语＋动词原形＋其他。
肯定回答：Yes，（＋ 主语＋do/does）．
否定回答：No，（＋主语＋don't/doesn't.）
特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句语
Does he work for us?
Yes, he does.
No, he doesn't
What does he do for us?
He works for us.
（2）一般过去时
be动词＋行为动词的过去式
否定句式：在行为动词前加didn‘t，同时还原行为动词，或was／were＋not；
was或were放于句首；用助动词do的过去式did提问，同时还原行为动词
例如： Did he work for us?
He didn't work for us.
He worked for us.
（3）一般将来时
am／are／is＋going to＋do 或
will／shall＋do
am/is/are/about to + do
am/is/are to + do;
一般将来时的表达方法
be going to +动词原形
be +不定式,be to+动词原形,be about to ＋动词原形
be able to +不定式
be about to+动词原形
will + 动词原形；
例如：He is going to work for us.
He will work for us；
He is coming.这是特殊的用一般现在时 表达 将来时态 的例子！！
(4)过去将来时
be（was，were）going to+动词原形
be（was，were）about to+动词原形
be（was，were）to+动词原形
肯定句：主语+be（was，were）going to+动词原形～.
否定句：主语+be（was，were）not going to+动词原形～.
疑问句：Be（Was，Were）+主语+going to+动词原形～？
肯定句：主语+would（should）+动词原形～.
否定句：主语+would（should）not+动词原形～.
疑问句：Would（Should）+主语+动词原形～？
He would work for us.
(5)现在进行时
主语+be+v.ing〔现在分词〕形式(其中v表示动词)
表示现在正在进行的动作或最近在做的事。
例如：I am buying a book.
第一人称+am+doing+sth
第二人称+are+doing +sth （doing是泛指所有的v-ing形式）
第三人称+is+doing+sth
例：He is working.
(6)过去进行时
肯定句：主语+was/were+doing+其它
否定句：主语+was/were+not+doing+其它
一般疑问句及答语：Was/Were+主语+doing+其它 ；答语：Yes,I主语+was/were./No,I主语+wasn't/weren't.
特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+was/were+主语+doing+其它
He was working when he was alive.
(7)将来进行时
主语+will + be +现在分词
He will be working for us.=He will work for us.
(8)过去将来进行时
should(would)+be+现在分词
He said that he would be working for us.=He said that he would work for us.
(9)现在完成时
基本结构：主语+have/has+过去分词(done)
①肯定句：主语+have/has+过去分词+其他
②否定句：主语+have/has+not+过去分词+其他
③一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他
④特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句（have/has+主语+过去分词+其他\
He has worked for us for ten years.
Has he worked for us for ten years.
(10)过去完成时
基本结构：主语+had+过去分词(done)
①肯定句：主语+had+过去分词+其他
②否定句：主语+had+not+过去分词+其他
③一般疑问句：Had+主语+过去分词+其他
肯定回答：Yes,主语+had
否定回答：No,主语+hadn't
④特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句（had+主语+过去分词+其他）
语法判定:
（ 1 ） by + 过去的时间点。如：
I had finished reading the novel by nine o'clock last night.
（ 2 ） by the end of + 过去的时间点。如：
We had learnt over two thousand English words by the end of last term.
（ 3 ） before + 过去的时间点。如：
They had planted six hundred trees before last Wednesday.
(11)将来完成时
（shall）will+have+动词过去分词
before+将来时间或by+将来时间
before或by the time引导的现在时的从句
He will have worked for us.=He will work for us.
(12)过去将来完成时
should / would have done sth.
He said that he would have worked for us.=He said that he would work for us.
(13)现在完成进行时
基本与现在完成时相同，但是现在完成进行时只能表示仍然持续的概念
have/has been +-ing 分词
He has been working for us for ten years.=He has worked for us for ten years.
(14)过去完成进行时
had been +-ing 分词
He said that he had been working for us for ten years.=He said that he had worked for us for ten years.
(15)将来完成进行时
主语+ shall/will have been doing
He will have been working for us.=He will work for us.
翻译为：他最近一直在为我们工作（过去在工作，现在在工作，将来还会工作）
(16)过去将来完成进行时
should+have been+现在分词用于第一人称
would have been+现在分词用于其他人称
He said that he would have been working for us.=He said that he would work for us.
（来自文库）
④ 在英语的主谓一致的语法一致中，它的实际意义跟它法法在形式上本来就是一样的，所以语法一致也可不可以理
不可以。主谓一致是指主语的人称和单复数决定谓语动词的单复数，另外，决定谓语动词的形式的还有时间状语。
英语，首先在语法上要强调主谓一致，然后才是意思。意思正确，形式不正确仍然算错。
⑤ 中英文的语法哪些一致，哪些不一致
大致均为主语部分+谓语部分。英语多长定语后置，汉语少有后置定语；英回语多倒装结构，如疑问句，答汉语倒装少，仅常见于强调；英语常将强调部分前置，如特殊疑问句，如强调句，而汉语习惯层层限制，与逐渐补充的英语不同。
⑥ 英语中语法一致的例句
1、单数主语、单个动词不定式、动名词短语以及句子作主语，谓语动词要用单数形式。复数主语，用and或both…and连接的动词不定式短语、动名词短语以及主语从句作主语，谓语动词则用复数形式。例如：
Serving the people is my great happiness. 为人民服务是我最大的幸福。
Whether we’ll go depends on the weather. 我们是否去要取决于天气的好赖。
What I think and what I seek have been fairly reflected in my paper.
我所思考的和我所寻求的都在这个论文中体现了出来。
2、由as well as, with, along with, like, together with, rather than, except, but, including, accompanied by, plus, besides, in addition to, no less than 等引起的结构跟在主语后面，不能看作是并列主语，该主语不受这些词组引导的插入语的影响，主语如是单数，其谓语动词仍然用单数形式。例如：
The reading course book, plus its reference books, is helpful to college students.
教材加上参考书对大学学生是非常有益的。
The man together with his wife and children sits on the sofa watching TV.
那个人和他妻儿老小坐在沙发上看电视。
3、有些代词只能指单数可数名词，当它们在句子中作主语时，尽管在意义上是多数，谓语动词仍要用单数形式。这类代词有either, neither, each, one, the other, another, somebody, someone, something, anyone, anything, anybody, everyone, everything, everybody, no one, nothing, nobody等。例如：
Neither likes the friends of the other. 两人都不喜欢对方的朋友。
Everything around us is matter. 我们周围的所有东西都是物质。
4、当and连结的两个名词是指同一个人或同一件事，and后的名词前没有冠词，谓语动词应该用单数形式；在and后面的名词前有冠词，谓语就用复数形式。例如：
The bread and butter is served for breakfast. 早饭供应黄油面包。
The bread and the butter are on sale. 正在出售黄油和面包。
5、当one of, a portion of, a series of, a species of, a chain of 结构作主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。例如：
One of those students has passed the examination. 这些学生只有一个考试及格了。
A series of pre-recorded tapes has been prepared for language laboratory use.
为语音课提前准备了一系列录音磁带。
6、由one and a half + 复数名词或the majority of + 名词作作主语时，谓语动词视名词的单复数形式而定。例如：
The majority of the damage is easy to repair. 大部分的损坏品都容易修理。
7、plenty of, half of, a lot of, lots of, heaps of, loads of, scads of等 + 可数与不可数名词作主语时，不可数名词的谓语只用单数，可数名词的谓语视可数名词的单复数而定。例如：
There is plenty of water in the pail. 桶里还有好多水。
There are plenty of eggs in the box. 箱子里有好多鸡蛋。
8、由more than one (或more than one + 单数名词)，many a + 单数名词作主语，谓语动词要用单数形式。例如：
More than one student has passed the examination. 不止一个学生通过了这次考试。
Many a boy learns to swim before he can read. 许多孩子在认字前就学会了游泳。
9、如果名词词组中心词是“分数或百分数 + of + 名词”，谓语动词的单、复数形式取决于of后的名词或代词的单、复数形式。例如：
Over three-quarters of the land has been reclaimed. 四分之三多的土地已经收回了。
Two-thirds of the people present are against the plan.
到场的三分之二的人都反对这个计划。
10、定语从句谓语动词的单复数形式应与先行词一致。例如：
He is one of the men who were chosen to represent the group.
被选出来代表该组的人他是其中之一。
“Keep cool” is the first of the rules that are to be remembered in an accident.
“镇静”是事故发生时应当牢记的第一条原则。
⑦ 都说英文语法和中文一致，我想问还有哪些语言的语法和中文一致的
所有语言都是相通的。
语法应该都是一样的，只是在小细节上有所不同罢了。回
比如，每种语言都是主谓宾定状补答这几个句子成分，这大方向上一致。中英文都是主谓宾的顺序，但是日语就习惯把动词放在句子末尾，这就是小细节上的不同。
再有，很多语言都有动词词尾的变化，用以表示时态。而汉语则没有。
⑧ 英语语法里主谓一致的问题什么叫逻辑一致
主谓一致包括三种
语法一致、意义一致和就近一致
没有逻辑一致的说法!
⑨ 就近一致在英语语法中哪些地方用到过
在现代英语中主谓一致基本遵循如下原则:语法一致原则、意义一致原则和就近原则。
1. 语法一致原则
语法一致原则就是根据主语的语法形式决定其谓语动词的语法形式.主语是单数,谓语动词就用单数形式;主语是复数,谓语动词就用复数形式。例如:
A letter has been sent to every student.给每个学生寄了一封信.
Two letters have been sent to every student.给每个学生寄了两封信.
2. 意义一致原则
意义一致原则指主谓语之间的一致关系不是由主语的语法形式来决定,而是由主语所表达的意义来决定.形式是单数的主语,其谓语有可能是复数形式;反之,形式是复数的主语,其谓语有可能是单数形式.例如:
The government have broken all their promises. 政府违背了全部诺言.(指政府中的各部门或成员)
The United States is a country advanced in science and technology. 美国是一个科学技术发达的国家.(美国是由许多的州构成的单一国家)
3. 就近原则
就近原则,指谓语动词的单、复数形式取决于最靠近它的词语.由neither...nor或either...or连接或者当一个句子是由 there 或here引起,而主语又不止一个时,谓语通常和最靠近它的主语一致.例如:
Here is a pen, a few envelopes and some paper in the drawer.抽屉里有一支钢笔,几个信封和一些纸.
Neither she nor I am wet.她和我都没有被淋湿.
上述三条原则的具体应用比较复杂,下列几点应予以注意:
1. 谓语动词用单数的情况
(1) 不定式、动名词短语或名词性从句作主语时,谓语动词用单数.例如:
To become actresses is their ambition. 作演员是她们的雄心.
Nodding often means you say "yes".点头常常意味着你表示同意.
What I did was to give her a book.我所做的就是给她一本书.
(2) 事件、国名、机构名称、作品名称用作主语时,谓语动词用单数.例如:
The United Nations was formed in 1945. 联合国成立于1945年.
The Thirty-Nine Steps is an interesting novel. 《三十九级台阶》是一本很有意思的小说.
(3)one, every, everyone, everybody, each, one of, any, either, neither, one, nobody, anyone, someone, somebody 用作主语或修饰主语时,谓语动词用单数.例如:
Many a student doesn't like having to do their homework. 很多学生都不喜欢被迫做作业.
Neither of the two girls is at home.两个女孩都不在家.
但现在英美也有人在neither of用作主语或修饰主语的句子中用复数形式的谓语动词.例如:
Neither of the two girls are at home.
(4)表示时间、距离、金钱、体积、数字等的词语用作主语表示总量时,谓语动词用单数.例如:
Fifteen years represents a long period of his life. 15年代表他一生中一个很长的时期.
(5)单数词作主语,虽然后接由including, as well as , together with, in addition to, accompanied by等词连接的其它词,谓语动词仍用单数.例如:
Gold, as well as silver, has recently risen in price. 最近金银的价格上涨了.
(6) a portion of, a series of, a kind of 等词语修饰主语时,谓语动词一般根据语法一致原则用单数.例如:
A series of pre-recorded tapes has been prepared for language laboratory use. 已准备好一系列预先录制的磁带供语言实验室使用.
2. 谓语动词用复数的情况
(1)both, some, few, many, several等词语用作主语或修饰主语时,谓语动词用复数.例如:
Few of my classmates really understand me.我的同学中没有几位真正理解我.
(2)形容词前加定冠词泛指时,谓语动词用复数.例如:
In many western films, the good are well rewarded and the bad are punished. 在很多西方电影中,好人有好报,恶人有恶报.
3. 其他情况
(1)由and连接两个主语时,谓语动词一般用复数.例如:
The secretary and the headmaster of the school were present at the meeting.学校的书记和校长都出席了会议.
但当and连接的词语作整体考虑,或在意义上指同一个人或物时,谓语动词一般用单数.例如:
The secretary and headmaster of the school was present at the meeting. 学校的书记兼校长出席了会议.
当由and连接的两个单数名词前面有each ,every 等词修饰时,谓语动词一般用单数.例如:
Each actor and actress was invited. 每一位男演员和女演员都受到了邀请.
一个单数名词前有由and连接的两个形容词修饰时,谓语动词一般用复数.例如:
Chinese and Japanese silk are of good quality.中国和日本丝绸质量都好.
(2)当or, either...or, neither...nor, not only...but also连接一个单数主语和一个复数主语时,谓语动词的数取决于它邻近的主语的数.例如:
Neither the prices nor the quality has changed. 价格与质量都没变.
Neither the quality nor the prices have changed. 质量与价格都没变.
(3)集体名词作主语时,谓语动词的数常取决于主语的意义.当主语表示整体时,谓语动词用单数;当主语强调集体中的个体时,谓语动词用复数.
The family is the basic unit of the society. 家庭是社会的基本单位.
The family have agreed among themselves to spend their vacation in Italy. 一家人都同意去意大利度假.
这类集体名词有:people, army, audience, cattle, class, club, committee, crowd, family, government, group, majority, minority, party, police, public, staff, team等,其中 people, cattle, police常用复数.
(4)一些表示数量的词语,如a lot of , any of, most of, half of, two-thirds of, ninety percent of, part of, the rest of, some of, none of , all of与名词连接时,谓语动词
的数取决于名词的数.名词用单数,谓语动词也用单数,名词用复数,谓语动词也用复数.例如:
A lot of my friends are here to celebrate my birthday. 我的很多朋友来这里庆贺我的生日.
Most of the book is interesting.这本书大部分很有意思.
注意当a number of修饰主语时,谓语动词用复数,而当the number of与名词连用作主语时,谓语动词用单数.例如:
A number of students were late for school owing to the storm. 一些学生因暴风雨而迟到.
The number of errors was surprising. 错误的数量让人吃惊.