Ⅰ 八年级上册英语重点单词、短语、句型和语法 急急急急急急 要分单元的
呵呵 希望对你有所帮助 祝楼主进步哈
Unit 1 How often do you exercise?
Grammar: 特殊疑问句：wh-questions: what, who, where, when, which, whose, why, whom等。
特殊疑问句的构成及用法：
结构：特殊疑问词+ 一般疑问句， 即：特殊疑问词+be/助动词/情态动词+主语+谓语/表语（+其他）
疑问代词：
1) Who:谁。做主语，用来指人 Who is the boy under the tree?
2）Whom 谁，做宾语，用来指人 Whom are you writing to?
3) Whose 谁的，用来指所属关系，如果做定语，一般后接名词 Whose pen is this?
4) Which 哪个，哪些，用来指对人或物在一定范围之内进行选择 Which grils will in the sports meeting? Which pen is Lily’s?
5)What什么，通常指物，也可指人，一般用在没有指出范围的情况下 What can you see in the picture? What are you doing now?
疑问副词：
When:何时，询问时间 When will she come back?
Where何地，询问地点， Where do you come from?
Why为什么，询问原因， Why are you late for school?
How 如何，询问手段、方式、工具以及程度等 How do you usually go to school?
How old多大，询问年龄，How old is Jim’s little brother?
How many/much多少，询问数量 How many birds are there in the tree?
How far多远，询问距离， How far is it form your home to school?
How long多长，多久，询问时间的长度或距离 How long will you stay in Beijing?
How often多长时间按一次，询问频率 How often do you go to see your grandparents?
How soon多久，询问时间 How soon will you come back?
频率副词：表示动作发生的频率，never, sometimes, often, usually, always.
Unit 2 What’s the matter with you?
Grammar:
1. 用have 来描述身体不适 have/have got a +疾病名字；得了……病
2.情态动词should,情态动词should,can, may, must没有人称和时态的变化，后接动词原形
Unit 3 What are you doing for vacation?
Grammar:现在进行时表将来 一般将来时
表示将要做某事或计划打算做某事要用到句型“be+doing”其中be是助动词，它有人称和单复数的变化。Be: am, is, are. be + v.ing是现在进行时的形式，但用于表示将来。用进行时表将来，常用于表示即将来临的未来预定要做的事情，一般指个人计划要做的事。用于此情况的动词一般是表示位置转移的动词，如，go, come, leave, start, arrive, move等。
一．肯定句中，结构为“be+doing.”
I am going shopping this afternoon.
二．否定句是在be之后加not. I’m not going to shopping this afternoon.
三．一般疑问句是将be置于句首 Are you going shopping this afternoon?—Yes, I am/ we are. No, I’m not./ We aren’t.
四．特殊疑问句“疑问词+一般疑问句语序。”
What are you doing for vacation? When is he going camping?
Who are you going there with? Where is she going?
Unit 4 How do you get to school?
Grammar: How引导的特殊疑问句：是指以How, how far, how long, how old,how many, how much等词开头的疑问句。
How does he get to shool?---- He takes the train to get to shool.
How long does it take to walk? ----It takes about 35 minutes to walk.
How far is it from your home to school? It’s four miles from my home to school.
How old is he now? She is twelve years old now.
How many storybooks do you have? I have five storybooks.
How much is this coat? This coat is 200 yuan.
特殊疑问句的简略结构：how about…?+ 名词或动词-ing形式，用于提出建议、请求或征求意见、询问消息等。如：How about playing tennis?
Unit 5 Can you come to my party?
Grammar:情态动词can及邀请句式及其问答
情态动词can的用法：
Can 是最长用的情态动词，其后跟动词原形，can的否定形式为cannot，can’t.
can表“能力”，意思是：能，会 I can paly basketball,but I can’t swim.
can表示能力时可和be able to 互换，be able to有更多的时态，常被用来表示can所 不能表示的将来或完成的概念。E.g. They will be able to run this machine on their own in three months.
表示“可能性”，意思是：可以，可能。That big cinema can seat 5,000 people.
表示允许，意思是可以能够 You can have the book when I have finished it.
表示“惊讶、不相信等（用于疑问句、否定句或感叹句中”。意思是“会、可能。”
This can’t be true. Can it be true?
如何发出、接受和谢绝别人的邀请
表达邀请的常用句型：
Can you come to…?
Could you come to…?
Would you like to come to…?
Do you want to come to…?
接受邀请的常用句型：
Sure. Certainly. OK. I’d love to.
谢绝邀请的常用句型：
I’m sorry, I can’t. I have to…
I’m afraid I can’t. I have to…
I don’t think I can. I have to…
Unit 6 I’m more outgoing than my sister.
Grammar:形容词的比较级
规则变化、不规则变化（课本P93）
than 是比较级中最常见的标志词，意思是“比”。用于引出比较的对象。1.He draws better than me.2.You’re older than I am. You are older than me.
形容词比较级前，有时可以用much,far, a little,a bit, even, three times等词来修饰。Much 和far表示“……得多”,much better好得多，a little, a bit表示稍微，一些，一点。a little shorter, 稍微矮点；even表示“甚至，更加，还要……”even bigger还要大些，three times表示 “…三倍”，如three times bigger than 比……大三倍
Very绝不可以用来修饰比较级，very,so,too, quite 修饰原级
Unit 7 How do you make banana milk shake?
Grammar: 可数名词与不可数名词
一．可数名词
英语中的物质名词大体上可分为可数名词和不可数名词。可数名词指物体的数量可数。其单数形式可在名词前加a或an,表示一个，如a pear. 其负数形式要在词尾加-s,或-es（特殊情况除外），如two bananas, three tomatoes. Many many apples a few students few bags
二．不可数名词
1.不可数名词指物体的数量不可数。不可数名词没有单复数之分，也不能在词前直接加冠词a 或an.表示不可数名词的数量时可在不可数名词前加相应的由量词构成的短语。如a bag of… 2.常见的量词短语有：
a piece of… a cup of… a teaspoon of… a bottle of…
3.不可数名词还可以用下面的词表示数量：much much rain a little little
4.既可以修饰不可数名词又可以修饰不可数名词的词有：
Lots of= a lot of许多，大量 some一些（用于肯定句）any一些（用于否定句和一般疑问句）
Unit 8 How was your school trip?
Grammar:
一般过去时：指在过去某一时间内发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去意义的时间状语连用。如：yesterday, last year(week,month…),two years ago, in2006等。有时也可用when,after,before, as soon as引导的时间状语从句。该时态在句中的体现是谓语动词用过去式。谓语be动词→was/were 否定：wasn’t /weren’t
Be动词句型
一般疑问句：was/were +主语…
特殊疑问句：疑问词+was/were+主语
陈述句：主语+was/were+…(肯定句) 否定句：主语+wasn’t/weren’t+…
行为动词句型（当句中的动词为行为动词时，要借助动词did构成一般疑问句和否定句）
肯定式：主语+动词过去式
否定式：主语+didn’t+动词原形
一般疑问句：Did +主语+动词原形
特殊疑问句：Did+主语+动词原形
Unit 9 When was he born?
Grammar: 一般过去时的特殊疑问句
一般过去时的特殊疑问句的变法同一般现在时一样，不同之处在于须将be动词或助动词改为过去时态，即“特殊疑问词+were或was(第三人称单数)+主语+（表语）+其他成分”或“特殊疑问词+助动词did+主语+实义动词+其他成分。”
以when引导的特殊疑问句，对某人的出生年月进行提问，句型是：
When was/were…born? … was/were born in +时间
When was David beckham born? 大卫.贝克汉姆是什么时候出生的？He was born in 1975.
二．以how long 引导的特殊疑问句，对表示某一短时间的状语进行提问。句型是：
How long did + 主语+动词？
How long did Charles Smith hiccup? He hiccupped for 69 years and 5 months.
三．When did he start hiccupping? 他什么时候开始打嗝？When +did+主语+动词？
Unit 10 I’m going to be a basketball player.
Grammar:一般将来时
表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态，也表示将来经常或反复发生的动作，常与表示将来的时间状语连用。
1. be going to + 动词原形 What are you going to do next Sunday?
2. will/shall + 动词原形 I will go to my hometown next week.
3.be +v.ing The Greens are moving to another city the day after tomorrow.
4. be +动词不定式 You are to be back by 10 o’clock.
5. be + about + 动词不定式 The meeting is about to begin.
Unit 11 Could you please clean your room?
Grammar:情态动词
情态动词，表示说话者对某一动作的看法和态度，包括可能、怀疑、允许、愿望、必要、猜测等。Can(能、会),may( 可以),must( 必须、一定)等。
情态动词的特点：(1)情态动词有一定词义，但不能单独作谓语，必须和另一个动词原形一起构成谓语，且没有人称和数的变化。1. I can speak English. 2. She must be a teacher. 3. We may go home now.
(2)变否定句时，直接在情态动词后面加not,无需加助动词。He can’t play the guitar well.
He can’t answer the question. You mustn’t be late.
(3)含有情态动词的句子变一般疑问句时，须将情态动词提前。Can you help me? Must I go there at once?
(4)can 可表示能力、允许、可能性、怀疑猜测，意为“能，会，可以。”can’t, 意为“不能，不会，不可以。”，还有“不可能”之意。
--Can you drive? – Sorry, I can’t. It can’t be true.
(5)can 也可表示请求与邀请
Can you please sweep the floor?
Unit12 What’s the best radio station?
Grammar:形容词/副词的最高级，用于三者或三者以上的人或事物之间的比较，表示在一群人或事物中，其中一个 “最……”见课本p93语法
the +最高级 She is the tallest of all her classmates.
最高级可被序数词以及much, by far,nearly,almost, by no means, not quite,not really, nothing like等修饰。This hat is by far the biggest.
表示最高程度的形容词，excellent, extreme, prefect等没有最高级也不能用比较级。He is an excellent teacher.
形容词最高级间修饰做表语或介词并与的名词代词是，被修饰的词往往省略。
He is the youngest (boy) in his class.
Who/Which +be+最高级，A,B,or C? Who is the most useful, a bicycle, a motorcycle,or a car?
the +序数词+最高级 He is the second tallest student in our class.
One of the +最高级+复数名词 The Yellow River is one of the longest rivers in China.
Ⅱ 初二英语上册前六个单元的语法点和句型
新目标英语八年级上笔记
Review of Unit 1－6
I. language goals （语言目标）
1. Talk about how often you do things 谈论做事情的频率。
2. Talk about your health. Make suggestions.
谈论健康话题以及提出建议。
3. Talk about future plans.
谈论未来的计划/打算。
4. Talk about how to get to places.
谈论到达某地的方式。
5. Learn to make invitations, say yes to invitations and say no to invitations and give reasons.
学会发出，接受和拒绝邀请并说出原因。
6. Learn to talk about personal traits and how to compare people.
学会谈论个人品质以及如何比较人们。
II. Key Phrases （重点短语）：
1. how often 多长时间一次
2. junk food 垃圾食品
3. a lot of 许多
4. hardly ever 很少
5. start with 以…开始
6. try to do sth. 试着去做某事
7. look after 照料
8. be kind of unhealthy 有点不健康
9. once a day 一天一次
10. twice a month 一个月两次
11. be good for 对…有好处
12. once in a while 偶尔
13. see a doctor / dentist 看病/看牙医
14. get a cold / fever 感冒/发烧
15. have a stomachache 肚子疼
16. have a toothache 牙疼
17. have a sore throat 嗓子疼
18. lie down and rest 躺下休息
19. drink hot tea with honey 喝加蜂蜜的热茶
20. be stressed out 紧张
21. listen to … 听…
22. get tired 变的疲劳
23. keep healthy 保持健康
24. at the moment 此刻；目前
25. watch TV 看电视
26. play basketball 打篮球
27. babysit her sister 照看她的妹妹
28. visit my friend 拜访我的朋友
29. relax at home 在家放松
30. sports camp 运动野营
31. something interesting
32. go hiking / camping / fishing / shopping / sightseeing
去徒步旅行/野营/钓鱼/购物/观光
33. go away 离开
34. get back to school 返回学校
35. stay for a week 呆一个星期
36. go bike riding 骑自行车兜风
37. takes walks 散步
38. rent videos 租录像带
39. sleep a lot 睡得多
40. think about 考虑
41. take the subway / bus / boat / plane
乘地铁/公共车/小船/飞机
42. get to 到达
43. go by bus / plane / boat 乘公共车/飞机/小船
44. train / subway / bus station 火车/地铁/公共车站
45. bus ride 乘公共车的旅行
46. ride a bike 骑自行车
47. bus stop 公共汽车站
48. on foot 步行
49. leave for 离开去…
50. school bus 学校班车
51. the early bus 早班车
52. be different from 与…不同
53. half past six 六点半
54. in North America 在北美洲
55. a quick breakfast 快捷的早餐
56. need to do 需要做…
57. more than 多于
58. play soccer 踢足球
59. baseball game 棒球比赛
60. school team 校队
61. come over to 过来到…
62. the day after tomorrow 后天
63. be good at 擅长于…
64. two years ago 两年前
65. be outgoing 外向的
66. all the time 一直
67. in some ways 在一些方面
68. look the same 看起来一样
69. talk to everyone 与大家谈话
70. make me laugh 使我笑
III. Key Sentence Structures 重要句型：
Unit 1:
1. －What do you usually do on weekends?
－I usually go to the movies.
2. －What does he sometimes do on weekends?
－He sometimes surfs the Internet.
3. How often do you exercise?
I exercise once a week.
4. How often does she eat vegetables?
She eats vegetables three times a day.
5. Most of the students go to the beach every year.
6. It makes a big difference to my grades.
7. My eating habits are pretty good.
Unit 2:
1. What’s the matter?
What’s wrong?
What’s the trouble?
2. I’m not feeling well. I have a cold / fever/ stomachache / sore throat.
/I have a lot of headaches.
3. Maybe you should see the doctor / dentist.
You should drink some hot tea with honey.
4. You shouldn’t eat anything for 24 hours.
5. Don’t get stressed out. It will make you sick.
6. I’m sorry to hear that you are not feeling well.
Unit 3
1. －What is she doing for vacation?
－She is babysitting her little sister.
－That sounds nice / interesting.
2. －When are you going?
－I’m going on Monday.
3. －Where are they going?
－They are going to Tibet.
4. －Who is she going with?
－She is going with her parents.
5. －How long is he staying.
－He is staying for a week.
6. －How is the weather there?
－I’m hoping the weather will be nice.
7. He is leaving for Hong Kong the first week in June.
8. Have a good time.
Unit 4:
1. －How do you get to school?
－I get to school by bus.
2. －How does he go to work?
－He usually walks to school.
3. －How long does it take?
－It takes about twenty minutes.
4. －How far is it from his home to school?
－It’s three miles.
5. What do you think of the transportation in your town?
Unit 5:
1. －Can you come to my party on Wednesday?
－Sure, I’d love to. / I’m sorry, I have to have a piano lesson.
2. －Can she go to the movies on Saturday?
－No, she can’t. She has to help her mom.
3. －Can you go to the concert on Monday?
－When is it?
－It’s at four o’clock on Friday.
4. Thanks a lot for the invitation.
5. I’m going to study for a test this evening.
6. What’s the date today?
Unit 6
1. Pedro is funnier than Paul.
2. Tina is （a little）taller than Tara.
3. I am more athletic than my best friend.
4. My hair is longer than hers.
5. Liu Ying is not as good as her sister.
6. In some ways, we look the same.
7. For me, a good friend likes doing the same things as me.
8. I’m quieter than most of the kids in my class, and so is my friend.
9. Who do you think should get the job, Ruth or Rose?
IV. Grammar语法：
Unit 1:
1. 表频率的词汇和短语：
always usually often never hardly ever
sometimes seldom once a day twice a month
three times a week every two weeks once in a while
2. 做事情的频率（how often you do things）:
－What do you usually do in the morning?
－I usually read English books. Sometimes I walk in the garden.
I hardly ever exercise. I eat vegetables twice a week, but I never eat junk food.
3. 如何提问频率“多久一次”
－How often does he play tennis?
－He plays tennis every day.
－How often do you drink milk?
－I drink milk once a day.
－How often do they go to the movies?
－Sometimes.
Unit 2:
1. 询问别人身体状况：
What’s wrong with you?
What’s the matter with you?
What’s the trouble?
2. 提出建议（give advice and make suggestions）
－What’s wrong with you?
－I have a headache.
－You should go to bed and have a rest. You shouldn’t work late.
－I have a fever.
－You should drink a lot of water. You shouldn’t be stressed out.
Unit 3：
一般将来时：
1. 现在进行时“be+动词ing”可以用来表示一个在最近按计划或安排要进行的动作。
－What are you doing for vacation?
－I’m visiting Tibet.
－Where are you going on May Day?
－I’m going to the beach.
－How many students are coming to out party tomorrow?
－Fifty.
2. “be going to +动词原形”表示主观打算去做某事，表示“人”打算，计划，决定要去做的事。
They are going to travel in China.
Look at the clouds! It is going to rain.
－Are you going to be a teacher when you grow up?
－Yes, I am.
3. 用“shall＋动词原形”或“will＋动词原形”表示一般将来时。
（shall只用于第一人称）
We shall go to the beach this Sunday.
My brother will finish middle school in a year.
These birds won’t fly to the south in winter.
When will they begin the work?
Unit 4：
谈论如何到达某地，以及以何种方式到达某地。
－How do you get to the museum?
－I get to the museum by subway. Sometimes I ride my bike to the museum.
注意区别：
（1）take the bus = go by bus
eg: I take the bus to get to school.
= I get to school by bus.
take the train = go by train
eg: He takes the train to go to school.
He gets to school by train.
take the subway = go by subway
take a taxi = go by taxi
go in a car = go by car
ride a bike = go by bike
walk = go on foot
Ⅲ 八上英语语法、句型总结
1.复习一般过去时；2.学习不定代词和不定副词的用法。 语法：1.本单元出现的动词不规则过去式有： is\am---was是 are -- were是 go---went去 buy—bought买 take ---took拿走， do\does—did feed—fed喂 see—saw 看见 eat—ate 吃 have\has—had 有，吃 feel—felt感觉 ride—rode骑 get—got到达,得到can—could能，会forget—forgot忘记drink—drank喝 find—found找到 2.不定代词和不定副词的用法： some body any one every thing
no where（疑问副词） 不定代词和不定副词 （1）左边的some、any、every、no与右边的body、one、thing构成
不定代词，some、any、every、no与右边的疑问副词where构成
不定副词； （2）一般情况下以some开头的不定代词和不定副词用于肯定句，以any开头的不定代词和不定副词用于否定句、疑问句；以no开头的不定代词和不定副词表示否定含义（no one为两个单词）； （3）不定代词或不定副词和形容词连用时，形容词放在后面。 He has
something
important to do.他有重要的事情要做。（肯定句用something，形容词important放后） Did you buy
anything
special? （一般疑问句用anything，形容词special放后） Did you go
anywhere
interesting last month?上个月你去令人感兴趣的地方了吗？ (一般疑问句用不定副词anywhere，形容词interesting放后) （4）不定代词和不定副词做主语时，后面的动词用单数形式。Everone is here today.今天每个人都在这里
Ⅳ 八年级上册英语第十单元所有单词语法及句式
句型1.do the dishes2.sweep the floor 3.take out the trash 4.make the bed 5.fold the clothes 6.clean the living room 7.no problem8.certainly9.buy some drinks and snacks10.borrow some money 11.invite my friend to a party 12.go to the store 13.use your CD player 14.take care of 15.move to a new house 语法（句版子权)-could you please clean your room ? /Could I use your computer?-yes sure / no prolem / with pleasre / certainly /of course -xertainly not / I'm afraid not
Ⅳ 八年级上册英语语法、词组、难点句型、例题
八年级册1－7单元重点句型
作者：郝昌明
一、 have fun doing sth.
【句型介绍】 意为\"做某事有乐趣\"，其中have fun 相当于enjoy oneself，表示过得愉快。
八年级册1－7单元重点知识回顾
作者：高德胜
1. 英语中的集体名词，如family, class, team等作主语时，若作为一个整体看，其后的谓语动词用单数；若强调其组成成员，谓语动词用复数。如：
My family is a happy one. 我家是个幸福的家庭。
My family are all watching TV. 我们全家人都在看电视。
2. 在比较级中，要注意than后面人称代词的格。
1）当句子中的谓语动词是不及物动词时，than后面的代词用主格还是宾格，在意思上通常没有区别。如：
He runs faster than I / me. 他跑得比我快。
They get to school earlier than we / us every day. 他们每天都比我们到校早。
2)当句中的谓语动词是及物动词时，than后面的人称代词用主格还是宾格在意思上就有差别了。试比较：
I like you more than he. (=I like you more than he likes you.) 我比他更喜欢你。
I like you more than him. (=I like you more than I like him.) 你和他相比，我更喜欢你。
3． 不定式作定语时，应放在被修饰词的后面，一般指一个还没有发生的动作。如：
Do you have anything to say about this? 有关这件事你有没有什么要说的？
4． 在比较句型中，than后面的谓语动词常常省略。也可以用相应的助动词来代替与前面相同的谓语动词，以避免重复。如：
Tom does better at the lessons than I (do). 汤姆功课比我好。
She ate less than I (did) for breakfast. 她早饭吃得比我少。
5． You\'d better ... 是You had better ... 的缩写形式。 had better 为固定短语，意为\"最好......\"，后接动词原形，常用来提出建议或劝告，其否定形式是\"had better not + 动词原形\"。如：
You\'d better not stay there too long. 你最好别在那里呆得太久。
We had fun playing computer games. 我们玩电脑游戏很愉快。
【句式比较】 have a good / nice / wonderful time doing sth. 做某事有乐趣
Did you have a good / nice / wonderful time visiting that country? 访问那个国家你们快乐吗？
【特别提醒】 句中fun为不可数名词，表乐趣，前面不能加不定冠词。
二、 But I don\'t know what to do.
【句型介绍】 疑问词 + 不定式可作主语、宾语或表语。
I don\'t know how to get her help. 我不知道怎样才能得到她的帮助。
Where to buy this kind of seed is unknown to me. 我不知道去哪儿购买这种种子。
My question is when to leave for Tokyo. 我的问题是什么时候去东京。
【句式比较】 疑问词 + 不定式可转换成连词（原疑问词）引导的主语从句、宾语从句和表语从句。
I don\'t know where we can find her. 我不知道在哪儿能找到她。
How she will go there is still a secret. 她怎么去那里还是一个谜。
Her question is how she can pass the exam. 她的问题是她怎样才能通过这次考试。
【特别提醒】 疑问词 + 不定式转换成宾语从句时应用陈述语序。
三、 This is ... speaking.
【句型介绍】 该句为打电话用语，用来进行自我介绍，This代表我，speaking可以省去。
Hello! This is Tom (speaking). 你好，我是汤姆。
【句式比较】 Who is that (speaking)? 你是谁？that用来询问对方是谁，speaking可以省去。 Is that ... (speaking)? 你是......吗？that也用来询问对方是谁， speaking也可以省去。
This is Mary (speaking). Who is that (speaking)? 我是玛丽，你是谁？
Is that Jane (speaking)? 你是詹妮吗？
【特别提醒】 this不能换成I， that不能换成you。
四、 hear sb. / sth. doing
【句型介绍】 意为\"听见某人 / 物正在做......\"，句中doing为现在分词作宾语补足语，表示动作正在进行，强调一个过程。
Just then I heard someone crying \"Help! Help!\" 就在那时，我听见有人在喊\"救命啊！救命！\"
【句式比较】 hear sb. / sth. do sth. 听见某人 / 物做某事，句中do为不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语，表动作已经结束，强调一个结果。
I heard him sing three songs. 我听见他唱了三首歌。
hear sb. / sth. done听见某人 / 物被......，done为动词的过去分词作宾语补足语，强调被动。
Do you often hear this song sung by him? 你经常听见他唱这首歌吗？
【特别提醒】 在这些句型中的hear可换成see, feel, watch等感官动词。
初二1－7单元重点短语
作者：王宣玲
一、 名词短语
a waste of time 浪费（白费）时间
field trip 野外旅游
the day after tomorrow后天
Terra Cotta Warriors 兵马俑
Thanksgiving Day 感恩节
on Mid-autumn Day / Festival 在中秋节
二、 动词短语
go fishing 去钓鱼
go boating 去划船
go hiking 去徒步旅行
go on a picnic 去野餐
trip over （被......）绊倒
hurry up 赶快
get home 回家
get together 相聚
agree with ... 同意......意见（想法）；符合
ask for 请求；询问
come up 走近；发生；上来；流行
come over 过来；抓住
三、 介、副词短语
in the open air 在户外；在野外
on time 准时
at the front / back of 在前 / 后面
in front of 在......前面
in the country 在乡下
in town 在城里
on the left /right side 在左 / 右边
up and down 上上下下；来来回回
四、 其它短语
(not) ... any more再也不；不能再......
all the same 仍然； 还是
had better (do) 最好（做......）
八年级8－14单元重点句型
作者：郝昌明
一、I\'m sorry to hear that.
[句型介绍] 该句是对所听说的不幸事件的回答用语，含义为\"真遗憾；听到那件事我很难过\"。
-I didn\'t pass the exam. 我没通过这次考试。
-I\'m sorry to hear that. 真遗憾。
-My grandfather died yesterday. 我的祖父昨天去世了。
-I\'m sorry to hear that. 我很难过。
[知识拓展] 1. I\'m glad to hear that. 我真高兴听到那事。
-I have managed to buy a ticket for tonight\'s film. 我设法买到了今晚的电影票。
-I\'m （very） glad to hear that. 真替你高兴。
2. Congratulations. 恭喜你。
-I\'ve just married a beautiful girl. 我刚刚娶了一位漂亮姑娘。
-Congratulations. 恭喜你。
二、be good for
[句型介绍] 意为\"有益于......\"， for后面接名词。
Is swimming good for your health？游泳有益于你的身体健康吗？
I think timely rain is good for the crops. 我认为适时地下雨对庄稼生长有好处。
[知识拓展] be good to 对......友好；be good at 擅长......
She is always good to me. 她对我一直很友好。
She is good at singing popular songs. 她擅长唱流行歌曲。
三、ask sb. for sth.
[句型介绍] 意为\"向某人要某物\"，sb.与sth.位置不得颠倒。
Can I ask you for help？你能帮帮我吗？
To tell you the truth, when I have trouble, I always ask her for advice. 跟你说老实话，每当我有麻烦时总向她征求意见。
[知识拓展] ask for sth. 要求得到某物；ask for sb.要求见某人
Yesterday he asked me for money. 昨天他向我要钱。
Did anybody ask for me ring my absence？我不在的时候有人找过我吗？
四、be born in
[句型介绍] 意为\"出生于\"，后接地点状语或时间状语。
He was born in a small town in 1995. 1995年他出生于一个小镇上。
In which city was he born in 1988？1988年他出生在哪一个城市？
[知识拓展] be born of出生于......家庭
It is said that he was born of a teacher\'s family. 据说他出生于教师的家庭。
五、good luck with sth.
[句型介绍] 祝贺用语，with后面接事物名词。
Good luck with your exam. 祝你考试好运。
Good luck with your journey. 祝你旅途顺利。
[知识拓展] good luck to sb. 祝......好运
Good luck to you. 祝你好运。
六、get married to
[句型介绍] 意为\"和......结婚\"，强调动作，若不接宾语，应省to。
She got married to a foreigner last year. 去年她和一个老外结了婚。
Did she get married last year？她是去年结婚的吗？
[知识拓展] be married to \"和......结婚\"，强调状态。
She was married to Li Ping. 她嫁给了李平。
值得注意的是，get married to属终止性动词短语，不可和表示时间段的状语连用，但be married to却可以，因为它是持续性动词短语。
七、Would you like to ... ?
[句型介绍] 该句用来提出请求，含义为\"你愿意......吗\"，to后面接动词原形。
Would you like to give me some help？你愿意给我提供一些帮助吗？
Would you like to repair this bike for me？你愿意为我修这辆自行车吗？
[知识拓展] Will / Would you please ...？please后面应接动词原形，含义为\"你愿意......吗\"。
Will you please water these flowers？请你给这些花浇水，好吗？
Would you please give me some money？你给我点儿钱，好吗？
八、Thanks a lot for ...
[句型介绍] 该句为感谢用语，含义为\"非常感谢......\"，也可说成Thank you very much for ...， for为介词，后面可接名词、代词、动名词。
Thanks a lot for your kind help.感谢您友好的帮助。
Thank you very much for coming to see me.感谢你来看我。
[知识拓展] be thankful to sb. for sth.因某事对某人感激
I\'m thankful to you for your kindness.感谢您的好意。
九、last from ... to ...
[句型介绍] 意为\"从......持续到......\"，from和to后面均应接时间名词。
Our sports meeting will last from Friday to Sunday. 我们的运动会将从星期五持续到星期日。
Their summer camp will last from October 1st to November 1st. 他们的夏令营将从10月1日持续到11月1日。
[知识拓展] go on to ... 延续到......
Her wedding will go on to five o\'clock.她的婚礼将持续到5点。参考资料：http://www.rustone.com/html/jadq/yyja/index.html
Ⅵ 人教版八年级上英语全部知识点、语法
1.形容词和副词的比较级
(1) 一般在形容词或副词后+er
older taller longer stronger, etc
(2) 多音节词前+more
more interesting, etc.
(3) 双写最后一个字母，再+er
bigger fatter, etc.
(4) 把y变i，再+er
heavier, earlier
(5) 不规则变化：
well-better, much/many-more, etc.
2.祈使句：
Sit down please
Don’t sit down, please.
3. there be 结构
肯定句： There is a …
There are …
一般疑问句:Is there …? Yes, there is./ No, there isn’t.
Are there…? Yes, there are. /No, there aren’t.
否定句： There isn’t …. There aren’t….
4.一般现在时：通常用 “usually, often, every day, sometimes”。
形式：
肯定句：
I go to school on foot every day.
She goes to school on foot every day.
5.现在进行时：形式： be + verb +ing
eg: I am(not) doing my homework.
You/We/They are(not) reading.
He/She/It is(not) eating.
动词 —ing 的形式
Most verbs +ing walk—walking
Verbs ending in e -e + ing come—coming
Short verbs ending in a vowel + a consonant run –running swim—swimming
6.
重点的句型：
1.How many + 复数名词 + are there ...?
此句型是一个特殊疑问句，意思是\"在......有多少......？\"多用来对可数名词的数量提问。How many 后面要接可数名词的复数形式。如：
How many apples are there on the table? 桌子上有多少个苹果？
2.. What about ...?
此句型意思是\"......怎么样？\"、\"......呢？\"，通常用来询问情况或征求意见、看法等。其中的about是介词，后面可接名词、代词或动词等。如：
What about that computer? 那台电脑怎么样？
My gloves are red. What about theirs? 我的手套是红色的，他们的呢？
What about playing games after school? 放学后做游戏怎么样？
3. What time is it?/What\'s the time?
英语中，常用这两个句型来询问现在的时间，意思是\"什么时间了？\"或\"几点了？\"其答语一般用\"It\'s + 时间.\"其中的it指代时间，翻译时可不译，常在句尾加上please，以表示委婉的语气。如：
What time is it, please? 请问现在几点了？
-It's about a quarter past ten. 大约十点十五分。
4. What colour + be + 主语?
询问某物的颜色，一般用以What colour 开头的特殊疑问句，其答语通常用\"It\'s/They\'re + 表示颜色的形容词\"。如：
-What colour is her blouse? 她的衬衫是什么颜色的？
-It's light blue. 是浅蓝色的。
5.Whose + 名词 + be + 其它？/Whose + be + 名词？
英语中常用这两个句型来询问某事物属谁所有。如：
Whose cup is that? 那是谁的杯子？
Whose are these photos? 这些照片是谁的？
6. It's time for + sth. /It's time to do sth. / It's time for sb. to do sth.
这个结构意思都是\"该做某事了\"，\"到做某事的时候了\"。如：
It's time for school. 到上学的时候了。
It\'s time to have supper. 该吃晚饭了。
7. 选择疑问句：选择疑问句是用or连接询问的两部分，以供选择，答案必须是完整的句子或其省略形式，不能用Yes或No回答
一般提出两种或两种以上的可能,问对方选择哪一种.其结构可用一般疑问句,也可用特殊疑问句.供选择的两部分用or连接,前者读升调,后者读降调.
e.g. Will you go there by bus or by train?
What would you like, coffee or tea?
How many pens do you have, one or two?
选择疑问句的答语必须是完整的句子或其省略式,不能答yes或no.
e.g. Do you go to school by bus or by bike?
By bus.
Which would you like, tea or coffee? Coffee.
一般疑问句演化来的选择疑问句
e.g. Is it right or wrong?
Were you or he there?
Are they reading, chatting or watching TV?
特殊疑问句演化来的选择疑问句
e.g. Which do you like better, coffee or milk?
What color is it, red, blue or yellow?
Where are you going, to the classroom or to the library?
or not构成的选择疑问句
e.g. Do you want to buy it or not?
Are you ready or not
8.另外，“to be + going + 动词不定式”这个特殊的结构可表示在未来即将要进行的动作。
例：He is going to tell me tomorrow - 他将在明天告诉我。
练习题：
There are ____ water in the bottle.（B）瓶子里有一点水
There are ____ water in the bottle.（A）瓶子里没水了
There are ____ students in the classroom.（D）教室里有几个学生
There are ____ students in the classroom（C）教室里没有学生
There are ____ apples on the trees.（D）有几个苹果长在树上
选项统一为
A、little B、a little C、few D、a few
3. Of course,every one of us_1__to make friends like food---they are useful to us,and they can help us when we are _2__need._3__you can make as many friends of this kind as possible.
(1) A.want B.will want C.wants
(2) A.in B.on C.for D.of
(3) A.And B.But C.So D.Because
答案：CAC
4.Twenty minutes later,John_1__a tree.His leg was broken,and it hurt _2__.
Mr smith _3__to mend the chair.then he_4__himself with a hammer.
(1) A.fell over B.fell from C.fell down D.fell on
(2) A.all the day B.all day C.whole day D.all days
(3) A.starts B.started C.was starting
(4) A.damaged B.knocked C.hit D.cut
答案：BABC
Ⅶ 八年级上册英语所有单元复习！（重点单词的词性，重点短语，重点句型，重点语法）快！！！！！！！
1. be absent from…. 缺席，不在
2. absence of mind(=being absent-minded) 心不在焉
3. absorb(=take up the attention of)吸引…的注意力(被动语态):be absorbed in 全神贯注于…近:be engrossed in ; be lost in ; be rapt in ;be concentrated on ; be focused on ; be centered on
4. (be) abundant in(be rich in; be well supplied with) 富于,富有
5. access(to) (不可数名词) 能接近,进入,了解
6. by accident(=by chance, accidentally)偶然地,意外.Without accident(=safely) 安全地,
7. of one’s own accord(=without being asked; willingly; freely)自愿地 ,主动地
8. in accord with 与…一致 . out of one’s accord with 同….不一致
9. with one accord (=with everybody agreeing)一致地
10. in accordance with (=in agreement with) 依照,根据
11. on one’s own account
1) 为了某人的缘故, 为了某人自己的利益
2) (=at one’s own risk) 自行负责
3) (=by oneself)依靠自己 on account 赊账; on account of 因为; on no account不论什么原因也不;of …account 有…..重要性.
12. take…into account(=consider)把...考虑进去
13. give sb. an account of 说明, 解释 (理由)
14. account for (=give an explanation or reason for) 解释, 说明.
15. on account of (=because of) 由于,因为.
16. on no account(=in no case, for no reason)绝不要,无论如何不要(放句首时句子要倒装) 17. accuse…of…(=charge…with; blame sb. for sth. ; blame sth. on sb. ; complain about) 指控,控告
18. be acquainted with(=to have knowledge of) 了解; (=to have met socially) 熟悉
19. act on 奉行,按照…行动; act as 扮演; act for 代理
20. adapt oneself to(=adjust oneself to) 使自己适应于
21. adapt…(for) (=make sth. Suitable for a new need) 改编, 改写(以适应新的需要)
22. in addition (=besides) 此外, 又, 加之
23. in addition to(=as well as, besides, other than)除…外
24. adhere to (=abide by, conform to, comply with, cling to, insist on, persist in, observe, opinion, belief ) 粘附; 坚持, 遵循
25. adjacent(=next to, close to) 毗邻的, 临近的
26. adjust..(to) (=change slightly)调节; 适应;
27. admit of (=be capable of, leave room for) …的可能，留有…的余地.
28. in advance (before in time) 预告, 事先.
29. to advantage 有利的,使优点更加突出地.
30. have an advantage over 胜过. have the advantage of 由于…处于有利条件
have the advantage of sb.知道某人所不知道的事
31. take advantage of (=make the best of, utilize, make use of, profit from, harness)利用.
32. agree with 赞同(某人意见) agree to 同意
33. in agreement (with) 同意, 一致
34. ahead of 在…之前, 超过…;……………. ahead of time 提前.
35. in the air 1)不肯定, 不具体. 2)在谣传中.
36. above all (=especially, most important of all) 尤其是, 最重要的.
37. in all (=counting everyone or everything, altogether) 总共, 总计
38. after all 毕竟,到底; (not) at all 一点也不;
all at once(=suddenly)突然; once and for all 只此一次; above all 最重要的; first of all 首先; all in all 大体上说; be all in 累极了; all but 几乎.
39. allow for (=take into consideration, take into account) 考虑到, 估计到.
40. amount to (=to be equal to) 总计, 等于.
41. answer for (undertake responsibility for, be liable for, take charge for) 对…负责.
42. answer to (=conform to) 适合,符合.
43. be anxious about 为…焦急不安; 或anxious for
44. apologize to sb. for sth. 为…向…道歉
45. appeal to sb. for sth. 为某事向某人呼吁. appeal to sb. 对某人有吸引力
46. apply to sb. for sth. 为…向…申请 ; apply for申请; apply to 适用.
47. apply to 与…有关;适用
48. approve of (=consent to, be in favor of, favor, agree to, consider good, right) 赞成, approve vt. 批准
49. arise from(=be caused by) 由…引起.
50. arrange for sb./sth. to do sth. 安排…做…
51. arrive on 到达; arrive at 到达某地(小地方);得出,作出; arrive in 到达某地(大地方);
52. be ashamed of (=feel shame, guilt or sorrow because of sth. done) 以…为羞耻
53. assure sb. of sth. (=try to cause to believe or trust in sth.) 向…保证, 使…确信.
54. attach(to) (=to fix, fasten; join) 缚, 系 ,结
55. make an attempt at doing sth. (to do sth.) 试图做…
56. attend to (=give one’s attention, care and thought)注意,照顾;attend on(upon)(=wait upon, serve, look after) 侍候,照料
57. attitude to/ toward …对…的态度.看法
58. attribute…to…(=to believe sth. to be the result of…)把..归因于.., 认为..是..的结果
59. on the average (=on average, on an average) 平均
60. (be) aware of (=be conscious of , having knowledge or consciousness)意识到,知道.
61. at the back of (=behind) 在…后面
62. in the back of 在…后部(里面); on the back of 在…后部(外面); be on one’s back(=be ill in bed) 卧病不起.
63. at one’s back(=supporting or favoring sb.) 支持,维护; have sb. at one’s back 有…支持, 有…作后台
64. turn one’s back on sb. (=turn away from sb. in an impolite way) 不理睬(某人),背弃,抛弃
65. behind one’s back 背着某人(说坏话)
66. be based on / upon 基于
67. on the basis of 根据…, 在…基础上
68. beat…at 在…运动项目上打赢
69. begin with 以…开始. to begin with (=first of all) 首先, 第一(经常用于开始语)
70. on behalf of (=as the representative of) 以…名义
71. believe in(=have faith or trust in; consider sth./sb. to be true) 相信,依赖,信仰.
72. benefit (from) 受益,得到好处.
73. for the benefit of 为了…的利益(好处)
74. for the better 好转
75. get the better of (=defeat sb.) 打败, 胜过.
76. by birth 在出生上,论出身,按血统 at birth 在出生时; give birth to 出生
77. blame sb. for sth. 因…责备某人 blame sth. on sb. 把…推在某人身上
78. in blossom开花(指树木) be in blossom开花(强调状态) come into blossom开花(强调动作)
79. on board 到船上, 在船上, 上火车或飞机 80. boast of (or about) 吹嘘
81. out of breath 喘不过气来
82. in brief(=in as few words as possible)简言之
83. in bulk 成批地,不散装的
84. take the floor 起立发言
85. on business 出差办事.
86. be busy with sth.忙于某事 be busy doing sth. 忙于做某事
87. last but one 倒数第二.
88. last but not least最后一点但也是最重要的一点
89. but for (=without) 要不是. 表示假设
90. buy sth. for…money 用多少钱买
91. be capable of 能够, 有能力
be capable of being +过去分词:是能够被…的
92. in any case(=for love or money, at any rate, at any price, at any cost, whatever happens; anyhow)无论如何
93. in case (=for fear that) 万一;
94. in case of (=in the event of)如果发生…万一
in the case of 至于…, 就…而言
95. in no case在任何情况下都不(放句首倒装句)
96. be cautious of 谨防
97. center one’s attention on(=focus one’s attention on) 把某人的注意力集中在…上
98. be certain of (=be sure of) 有把握, 一定.
99. for certain of (=for sure )肯定地,有把握地
100. by chance(=accidentally, by accident)偶然
101. for a change换换环境(花样等)
102. charge sb. with …控告某人犯有…
103. in charge of (=responsible for) 负责(某事)
in the charge of …由…管
104. take charge of (=to be or become responsible for)负责管理(照顾)
105. charge…for 因…索取(费用) , charge sb. with sth. 控告某人犯有…
106. round the clock(=all day and all night, usually without stopping) 昼夜不停地
高考书面表达必背词组 (1)
首先，尤其重要的，最重要的 above all
偶然，无意中 by accident
对（于）…很积极 be active in
合计为 add up to
承让错误 admit one’s mistake
接受某人的建议 take / follow one’s advice
就…提出建议 give advice on
建议某人做某事 advice sb. to do sth.
后天 the day after tomorrow
毕竟；终究 after all
违心 against one’s will
在…岁时 at the age of
实现目标 achieve one’s aim
在空中；悬而未决 in the air
在户外，在露天里 in the open air
在机场 at the airport
火警 the fire alarm
满腔怒火 be filled with anger
因某人之言行而生气 be angry at sth.
生某人的气 be angry with sb.
通知 make an announcement
相继地，按顺序地 one after another
相互，彼此（三者或三者以上之间）one another
相互（指两者之间）each other
没有回答 give no answer
为…而担心 be anxious about
急于做某事 be anxious to do sth.
分开住 live apart
除了 apart from
因某事向某人认错或道歉 make/offer an apology to sb for sth.
与某人争论某事 argue with sb. about sth.
放在一边 lay sth. aside
请某人指点 / 帮助 ask sb. for advice / help
惊讶于… be astonished at sth.
以前，曾经 at one time
注意 pay attention to
对…抱正确的态度 take a correct attitude towards sth.
引起（注意，兴趣等） attract one’s attention
仰卧／仰泳 lie / swim on one’s back
重感冒 a bad cold
两件行李 two pieces of baggage
保持／失去平衡 keep / lose one’s balance
在舞会上 at the ball
洗冷水澡 have / take a cold bath
阵亡 be killed in battle
在海滩 on the beach
整理床铺 make the bed
以…开始 begin with
在…起始，开始 at the beginning of
自始自终 from beginning to end
形成…局面；产生 come into being
安全带 a safety belt
三思而后行 Second thoughts are best.
尽力，尽最大的努力 do / try one’s best
高考书面表达必背词组 (2)
尽量利用，善用 make the best of
一切顺利，万事如意 all the best
黑体地，粗体地 in bold
出身于农民家庭 be born in a peasant’s family
鞠躬 make a bow
动动脑子 use one’s brains
打破纪录 break the record
深吸一口气 take a deep breath
屏息；憋住气 hold one’s breath
上气不接下气 out of breath
刷牙 brush one’s teeth
突然哭起来 burst into tears
突然一阵大笑 a burst of laughter
要不是 but for
呼救声 a call for help
保持镇静（别慌） keep calm
保持安静（别吵） keep quiet
保持不动（别动） keep still
保持沉默（别说话） keep silent
夏令营 a summer camp
去野营 go camping
情不自禁… can'not help doing
打牌 play cards
照顾，保管 take care of
医疗护理 medical care
假若那样的话 in that case
以防万一 in case
下倾盆大雨 rain cats and dogs
赶上（或超过） catch up with
偶然 by chance
免费 free of charge
主管，在掌管之下 in charge
由…负责 in the charge of
掌管，负责 take charge
高兴起来 cheer up
童年时 in one’s childhood
挑选，选择 make a choice
圣诞节时 at Christmas
去做礼拜 go to church
烟头 cigarette end
为…鼓掌 give sb. a clap
接近 get close to
一块桌布 a table cloth
一套衣服 a suit of clothes
童装 children’s clothing
集邮 collect stamps
产生，发生 come about
（偶然）遇见或发现 come across
走过来；长出，发芽，上升；抬头 come up
共同，共有 in common
参加比赛 compete in a contest
举办音乐会 give a concert
条件是 on condition that
祝贺某人 congratulate sb. on sth.
高考书面表达必背词组 (3)
相反地 on the contrary
失控 out of control
与…谈话；交谈 have a conversation with sb.
在…期间／过程中 in / ring the course of
被…覆盖 be covered with
因某事和某人发脾气 be cross with sb. at sth.
划掉 cross out
对…残忍 be cruel to sb.
立方米 cubic meter
对…感到好奇 be curious about sth.
对…造成巨大损害 do great damage to
处境危险 in danger
过时 out of date
在不久前，前几天 the other day
对…充耳不闻 be deaf to sth.
对付，应付 deal with
负债 in debt
还清债务 out of debt
做出决定 make a decision
做好事 do good deeds
付诸行动，生效 do the deed
直到深夜 deep into the night
沉思 deep in thought
深夜 deep into the night
毫不耽搁，立刻 without delay
迟迟未做某事 delay doing sth.
发表（演说等） deliver a speech
满足要求 meet the demands
外语系 foreign language department
百货商店 department store
难以形容 beyond description
决心做某事 be determined to do sth.
随着工业的发展 with the development of instry
献身于，致力于 devote oneself to
处于灭亡的危险中 be in danger of dying out
没作用，没影响 make no difference
做…有困难，难以… have difficulty in doing sth.
应邀赴宴 be invited to dinner
向四面八方 in all directions
做出新的发现 make a new discovery
正在讨论中 under discussion
洗盘子 wash dishes
在远方，在远处 in the distance
对…冷淡 be distant toward sb.
对…有益 do good to
做坏事，犯罪 do wrong
挨门挨户 from door to door
隔壁的 next door
下楼 go downstairs
到市区去 go downtown
缓慢前进，拖延 drag one’s feet
催人泪下 draw tears from sb.
渴望做某事 dream of doing sth.
在墙上钻孔 drill a hole in the wall
高考书面表达必背词组 (4)
赶走 drive off
使某人发狂 drive sb. mad
挣钱 earn money
谋生 earn one’s living
究竟 on earth
别着急，别紧张，放松些 take it easy
对…有很大影响 have a great effect on
努力做某事 make efforts to do sth.
鼓励某人做某事 encourage sb. to do sth.
量入而出；使收支相抵 make ends meet
美满的结局 a happy ending
说英语的国家 English-speaking countries
报名比赛 enter oneself for a contest
剧场的入口 the entrance to the theater
在除夕 on New Year’s Eve
虽然，即使 even if / even though
时事 current events
参加考试 have / take an examination
进行体格检查 carry out a medical examination
考试及格 pass an examination
为…树立榜样 set an example to sb.
做早操 do morning exercises
产生，成立 come into existence
摸某人的脉 feel one’s pulse
觉得想做… feel like doing sth.
伤害某人的感情 hurt one’s feelings
春节 the Spring Festival
发高烧 have a high fever
科学领域 the field of science
五十多岁时 in one’s fifties
关键人物 a key figure
填写表格 fill in the form
刹那间 in a flash
一场大洪水 a big / great flood
扫地 sweep the floor
在三层 on the third floor
三层楼的建筑 a building of three storeys
正在开花 be in flowers
放（风筝等） fly a kite
糊里糊涂 in a fog
欺骗，愚弄某人 make a fool of sb.
在山脚下 at the foot of the mountain
空军 the air force
靠武力，强行 by force
用很大力气 with great force
对外贸易 foreign trade
养成好习惯 form a good habit
碰碰运气 try one’s fortune
每四个一组（一批）；四个四个地 in fours
常客 a frequent visitor
新手 a fresh hand
同…交朋友 make friends with
那时起 from then on
不时地，时常 from time to time
高考书面表达必背词组 (5)
不劳而不获。 No pains, no gains.
做游戏 play games
代沟 generation gap
开始认真（做某事） get down to sth.
陷入麻烦 get into trouble
有音乐天分 have a gift for music
用尽，耗尽，筋疲力尽 give out
朝…看了一眼 take a glance at
向人瞪眼，怒目而视 glare at
（灯，火）熄灭 go out
复习功课 go over the lesson
进了一个球 score a goal
犯语法错误 make mistakes in grammar
懂某人的意思 grasp one’s meaning
勿踏草地 keep off the grass
养成…的习惯 get into the habit of
用手 by hand
分发 hand out
一方面…另一方面… on the one hand…on the other hand
少量的 a handful of
过幸福生活 live a happy life
损害，伤害 do harm to
一个好收成 a good harvest
保持镇静 keep one’s head
身体好 in good health
记住某事 learn / know sth. by heart
紧握某物 keep a tight hold on sth.
握住；抓住 catch / take / get hold of
趾高气扬 hold one’s head high
暑假 the summer holidays
休假 on holiday
为（向）… 表示敬意；为了纪念… in honour of
对某人抱很大希望 have high hope for sb.
怀着…的希望 in the hope of doing sth.
住院 be in hospital
大约一小时 an hour or so
挨饿 go hungry
打猎 go hunting
匆匆忙忙 in a hurry
不知道 have no idea
但愿，要是…就好了 if only
给某人留下好印象 make a good impression on sb.
慢慢前进 inch one’s way forward
患难之交才是真朋友。 A friend in need is a friend indeed.
告诉某人某事 inform sb of sth
坚持要做 insist on doing
视察工厂 inspect a factory
激动人心的演讲 an inspiring speech
急需帮助 in instant need of help
打断谈话 interrupt a conversation
介绍信 a letter of introction
收到请帖 receive an invitation
邀请信 a letter of invitation
讲笑话 tell a joke
考书面表达必背词组 (6)
和某人开玩笑 play a joke with sb.
旅行 make a journey
使某人高兴的是 to one’s joy
不可以貌取人 Don’t judge a man by his looks.
初中 a junior high school
正在那时 just then
与…保持联系 keep in touch with
使…不进入… keep out of
成功的秘诀 the key to success
踢门 kick the door
踢掉鞋子 kick off one’s shoes
跪下 go down / fall on one’s knees
敲门 knock at the door
最迟，至迟 at the latest
迟早 sooner or later
哈哈大笑起来 burst into laughter
违（守）法 break / obey the law
制定一条法律 make a law
和某人开玩笑 play a joke with sb.
旅行 make a journey
使某人高兴的是 to one’s joy
不可以貌取人 Don’t judge a man by his looks.
初中 a junior high school
正在那时 just then
与…保持联系 keep in touch with
使…不进入… keep out of
成功的秘诀 the key to success
踢门 kick the door
踢掉鞋子 kick off one’s shoes
跪下 go down / fall on one’s knees
敲门 knock at the door
最迟，至迟 at the latest
迟早 sooner or later
哈哈大笑起来 burst into laughter
违（守）法 break / obey the law
制定一条法律 make a law
Ⅷ 初二上册人教版英语语法。句型总结｜
初二英语语法总结
1) leave的用法
1.“leave+地点”表示“离开某地”。例如：
When did you leave Shanghai?
你什么时候离开上海的？
2.“leave for+地点”表示“动身去某地”。例如：
Next Friday, Alice is leaving for London.
下周五，爱丽斯要去伦敦了。
3.“leave+地点+for+地点”表示“离开某地去某地”。例如：
Why are you leaving Shanghai for Beijing?
你为什么要离开上海去北京？
2) 情态动词should“应该”学会使用
should作为情态动词用，常常表示意外、惊奇、不能理解等，有“竟会”的意思，例如：
How should I know? 我怎么知道？
Why should you be so late today? 你今天为什么来得这么晚？
should有时表示应当做或发生的事，例如：
We should help each other.我们应当互相帮助。
我们在使用时要注意以下几点：
1. 用于表示“应该”或“不应该”的概念。此时常指长辈教导或责备晚辈。例如：
You should be here with clean hands. 你应该把手洗干净了再来。
2. 用于提出意见劝导别人。例如：
You should go to the doctor if you feel ill. 如果你感觉不舒服，你最好去看医生。
3. 用于表示可能性。should的这一用法是考试中常常出现的考点之一。例如：
We should arrive by supper time. 我们在晚饭前就能到了。
She should be here any moment. 她随时都可能来。
3) What...? 与 Which...?
1. what 与 which 都是疑问代词，都可以指人或事物，但是what仅用来询问职业。如：
What is your father? 你父亲是干什么的？
该句相当于：
What does your father do?
What is your father's job?
Which 指代的是特定范围内的某一个人。如：
---Which is Peter? 哪个是皮特？
---The boy behind Mary. 玛丽背后的那个男孩。
2. What...?是泛指，所指的事物没有范围的限制；而 Which...?是特指，所指的事物有范围的限制。如：
What color do you like best? （所有颜色）
你最喜爱什么颜色？
Which color do you like best, blue, green or yellow? （有特定的范围）
你最喜爱哪一种颜色？
3. what 与 which 后都可以接单、复数名词和不可数名词。如：
Which pictures are from China?
哪些图片来自中国？
4) 频度副词的位置
1.常见的频度副词有以下这些：
always（总是，一直） usually（通常） often（常常，经常） sometimes（有时候） never（从不）
2.频度副词的位置：
a.放在连系动词、助动词或情态动词后面。如：
David is often arrives late for school. 大卫上学经常迟到。
b.放在行为动词前。如：
We usually go to school at 7:10 every day. 我们每天经常在7：10去上学。
c.有些频度副词可放在句首或句尾，用来表示强调。如：
Sometimes I walk home, sometime I rides a bike. 有时我步行回家，有时我骑自行车。
3.never放在句首时，主语、谓语动词要倒装。如：
Never have I been there.
5) every day 与 everyday
1. every day 作状语，译为“每一天”。如：
We go to school at 7:10 every day. 我们每天7：10去上学。
I decide to read English every day. 我决定每天读英语。
2. everyday 作定语，译为“日常的”。
She watches everyday English on TV after dinner. 她晚饭后在电视上看日常英语。
What's your everyday activity? 你的日常活动是什么？
6) 什么是助动词
1.协助主要动词构成谓语动词词组的词叫助动词（Auxiliary Verb）。被协助的动词称作主要动词（Main Verb）。
助动词自身没有词义，不可单独使用，例如：
He doesn't like English. 他不喜欢英语。
（doesn't是助动词，无词义；like是主要动词，有词义）
2.助动词协助主要动词完成以下功用，可以用来：
a. 表示时态，例如：
He is singing. 他在唱歌。
He has got married. 他已结婚。
b. 表示语态，例如：
He was sent to England. 他被派往英国。
c. 构成疑问句，例如：
Do you like college life? 你喜欢大学生活吗？
Did you study English before you came here?你来这儿之前学过英语吗？
d. 与否定副词not合用，构成否定句，例如：
I don't like him. 我不喜欢他。
e. 加强语气，例如：
Do come to the party tomorrow evening. 明天晚上一定来参加晚会。
He did know that. 他的确知道那件事。
3.最常用的助动词有：be, have, do, shall, will, should, would
7) forget doing/to do与remember doing/to do
1.forget to do 忘记要去做某事。 (未做)
forget doing 忘记做过某事。 (已做)
The light in the office is still on. He forgot to turn it off.
办公室的灯还在亮着，它忘记关了。(没有做关灯的动作)
He forgot turning the light off.
他忘记他已经关了灯了。 ( 已做过关灯的动作)
Don't forget to come tomorrow.
别忘了明天来。 (to come动作未做)
典型例题
---- The light in the office is still on.
---- Oh，I forgot___.
A. turning it off B. turn it off
C. to turn it off D. having turned it off
答案：C。由the light is still on 可知灯亮着，即关灯的动作没有发生，因此用forget to do sth.而forget doing sth 表示灯已经关上了，而自己忘记了这一事实。此处不符合题意。
2.remember to do 记得去做某事 (未做)
remember doing 记得做过某事 (已做)
Remember to go to the post office after school. 记着放学后去趟邮局。
Don't you remember seeing the man before? 你不记得以前见过那个人吗?
8) It's for sb.和 It's of sb.
1.for sb. 常用于表示事物的特征特点，表示客观形式的形容词，如easy, hard, difficult, interesting, impossible等：
It's very hard for him to study two languages. 对他来说学两门外语是很难的。
2.of sb 的句型一般用表示人物的性格，品德，表示主观感情或态度的形容词，如good, kind, nice, clever, foolish, right。
It's very nice of you to help me. 你来帮助我，你真是太好了。
3.for 与of 的辨别方法：
用介词后面的代词作主语，用介词前边的形容词作表语，造个句子。如果道理上通顺用of，不通则用for。如：
You are nice. (通顺，所以应用of)。
He is hard. (人是困难的，不通，因此应用for。)
9) 对两个句子的提问
新目标英语在命题中有将对句子划线提问这一题型取消的趋势，现在采取的作法是对一个句子进行自由提问。例如：
句子：The boy in blue has three pens.
提问：1.Who has three pens?
2.Which boy has three pens?
3.What does the boy in blue have?
4.How many pens does the boy in blue have?
很显然，学生多了更多的回答角度，也体现了考试的灵活性。再如：
句子：He usually goes to the park with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday.
提问：1.Who usually goes to the park with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday?
2.Where does he usually go with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday?
3.What does he usually do with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday?
4.With whom does he usually go to the park at 8:00 on Sunday?
5.What time does he usually go to the park with his friends on Sunday?
6.When does he usually go to the park with his friends?
10) so、such与不定冠词的使用
1.so与不定冠词a、an连用，结构为“so+形容词+a/an+名词”。如：
He is so funny a boy.
Jim has so big a house.
2.such与不定冠词a、an连用，结构为“such+a/an+形容词+名词”。如：
It is such a nice day.
That was such an interesting story.
11) 使用-ing分词的几种情况
1.在进行时态中。如：
He is watching TV in the room.
They were dancing at nine o'clock last night.
2.在there be结构中。如：
There is a boy swimming in the river.
3.在have fun/problems结构中。如：
We have fun learning English this term.
They had problems getting to the top of the mountain.
4.在介词后面。如：
Thanks for helping me.
Are you good at playing basketball.
Ⅸ 初二年级上册英语重点句型和语法
unit 10 I'm going to be a basketball player
【复习目标】
复习有关职业的英文表达方式 / 未来计划的制定
谈论未来自己与他人理想的职业及原因 / 谈论为实现理想所做出的打算和安排
【语言目标】
● What are you going to be when you grow up I'm going to be a computer programmer.
● How are you going to do that I'm going to study computer science.
【语言结构】
● be going to 表示将来 want to be what, where, when, how 引导的特殊疑问句
【重点词汇】
● computer programmer, professional, engineer, pilot
● computer science, dream job, grow up, move to , fashion, show, retire, save
● resolution, get good, grades, get a part-time job, make more friends
【应掌握的词组】
1. grow up 长大,成长
2. computer science计算机科学
3. be going to do 表示主观打算,准备或有信心做某事
4. computer programmer 电脑程序设计人
5. baseball player 棒球运动员
6. take acting lessons上演技课
7. professional basketball player职业篮球运动员
8. practice basketball练习篮球
9. move somewhere=move to somewhere搬到(不具体的)某一地方
10. sound like 听起来像……
11. part-time 兼职的,full-time 全职的,全日制的
12. a year or two 一两年=one or two years;
an hour or two=one or two hours一两个小时
a day or two=one or two days一两天
13. my dream job我梦想的工作
14. what I want to do 我想做的事情
15. somewhere interesting有趣的地方
16. a reporter for fashion magazine 时装杂志记者
17. save some money 积蓄一些钱,攒钱
18. at the same time与此同时
19. hold art exhibition举办美术展览
20. all over the world全世界,世界各地
21. somewhere quiet and beautiful 安静而美丽的地方
22. send sth. to sb. 将某物发送给某人
23. I'm not sure yet我还没有定下来
24. the Olympic Games=the Olympics奥运会
25. New Year's resolutions新年的决心
26. play an instrument 弹一种乐器
27. get a part-time job找到一份兼职工作
28. make the soccer team组建足球队
29. get good grades获得好成绩
30. eat healthier food吃健康的食物
31. get lots of exercise多进行体育锻炼
32. take guitar lessons上吉他课
33. I really love music我酷爱音乐
34. sounds interesting听起来很有意思
35. communicate with sb.与某人交流
36. a foreign language teacher 一份当外语教师的工作
37. keep fit 保持身体健康
38. work harder in school 在学校里更努力学习
39. make one's resolution 表决心
40. after high school=leave school中学毕业后
41. international magazines 国际杂志社
42. the exchange students留学生
43. have a welcome party 召开一个欢迎会
【应掌握的句子】
1. I am going to be a basketball player. 我想成为一名篮球运动员.
2. How are you going to do that I'm going to study computer science.你打算怎样做 我打算学习计算机科学.
3. Being a computer programmer is his dream.当一名电脑程序设计人是他的梦想.
4. Cheng Han is going to be an actor. 程汉想要当一名演员.
5. Where is Cheng Han going to move He's going to move to New York. 程汉打算要搬到哪里去 他打算要搬到纽约去.
6. Where are you going to work 你打算在哪里工作
I'm not sure yet.我还没有定下来.
Maybe Beijing or Shanghai.也许在北京或上海吧.
Unit 11 Could you please clean your room
【复习目标】
如何礼貌地提出要求,礼貌地请求允许做某事.
写留言条以请求他人的帮助.
【语言目标】
Could you take out the trash Sure.
Could I borrow the car Sorry, but I need it, I have to go to a meeting,
I have to make the bed and do the laundry.
【语言结构】
用Could委婉地表示请求
用could委婉地请求许可
make与do的区别
【重点词汇】
● do the chores, do the dishes, sweep the floor, take out the trash, fold the clothes,
clean the living room, do the laundry, wash the car
● buy some drinks and snacks, borrow some money, invite your friends
● teenager, hate / take care of / feed
【应掌握的词组】
1. could you please…你能……吗 /请你干…….好吗
2. do the dishes 洗餐具
3. sweep the floor清扫地板
4. take out the trash倒垃圾
5. make one's bed铺床
6. fold one's clothes叠衣服
7. clean the living room 清扫客厅
8. stay out late晚归
9. his father's reason他父亲的理由
10. get a ride搭车
11. use one's computer 使用某人的电脑
12. hate sth./to do sth.讨厌某事/做某事
13. do the laundry=do some washing=wash clothes洗衣服
14. make breakfast, make dinner, do some cooking 做饭
15. wash the car刷车16. work on 从事,忙于
17. work at学习,致力于,在……上下工夫
18. borrow some money借一些钱
19. invite sb. to do sth邀请某人做某事
20. go to the store去商店
21.agree sb. to do sth.同意某人做某事
22. agree with sb. =agree with what one says同意某人的意见
23.(需了解) make a deal作成交易
make a face做鬼脸;
make a fool of捉弄,使出洋相
make friends with与……交朋友
make a name for himself成名
make a note of注意,记下来
make free with擅自使用
make fun of取笑
make…into把……作成,使变成
make it成功,到达某处
make one's living维持生活
make one's way to前往某处
make room腾出地方
make up编造
make use of利用
24. borrow sth. from sb.向某人借某物(借入)
25. lend sb. sth.=lend sth. to sb.借给某人某物(借出)
26.ask for要求得到,要求见到
27. take care of = look after照顾,照看,照料
take good care of=look after…well
28. need some help需要一些帮助
29. come over过来
30. get angry生气
31. have a test考试
32. make a clean sweep of 彻底扫除
【应掌握的句子】
1.Could you please clean your room 请你打扫一下你的房间好吗
2.Could you please open the door for me 请你替我开门,好吗
3.I hate to do chores.我讨厌做家务.
4.Tell your partner your answer to activity 1a. Does your partner agree 把你对活动1a的答案告诉你的搭档.你的搭档同意吗
5.Thanks for taking care of my dog. 感谢你照看我的狗.
6.You are having a party. Ask your partner for help. Talk about these things.
你要开一个晚会.向你的搭档寻求帮助.谈论这些事情.
7.Take him for a walk. 带它出去散步.
Give him water and feed him. 给它喝水,并喂它食物.
Then wash his bowl. Play with him. 然后,把它的碗洗洗.和它一起玩.
Don't forget to clean his bed. 不要忘了把它的床铺清扫干净.
8. 妈妈说我可以在我家举行同学聚会.
星期六你过来的时候,能帮我清扫地板吗
9.I'm going to move to a new house! I need some help.我要搬入新房子,需要帮助
Unit 12 what's the best radio station
【复习目标】
单音节形容词,多音节形容词和特殊形容词的比较级和最高级形式
进行简单的比较,并表达自己的好恶
【语言目标】
what's the best cinema Showtime cinema, it's the cheapest.
Jason's has good quality clothes. It's better than Trendy Teens.
Jason's is the best store in town.
【语言结构】
用-(i)est, the most表示最高级
不规则的形容词和比较级和最高级形式good, better, the best, bad, worse the worst
【重点词汇】
● theater, cinema / trendy, quality, comfortable, close to
● seat, screen, jeans, / performer, radio station
【应掌握的词组】
1. the best radio station最好的无线电台
2. comfortable seats舒适的椅子
3. big screens大屏幕
4. friendly service友好的服务
5. new movies新电影
6. close to home离家近
7. in a fun part of town 在城镇闹区
8. Town Cinema城镇电影院
9. Screen City大屏幕影视城
10. Movie Palace电影艺术宫
11. Jeans Corner牛仔广角
12.Trendy Teens时髦少年服装店
13. Easy Listening轻松听力
14. have good quality clothes服装质量好
15. in town在城里, in the city在城市里
in the country在乡下
16. the beat clothing store最好的服装店
17. do a survey of 对…进行调查
18. all the movie theaters所有的电影院
19. the most interesting music最有趣的音乐
20.be(get, become, feel) interested in 对…感兴趣
21.positive words肯定的词语
22. negative words否定的词语
23. the most creative最有创造力的
24. the most boring最烦人的
25. the math teacher数学老师
26. a great success巨大的成功
27. win the prize for赢得……的奖项
28. without music没有音乐伴奏下
29. the funniest actor最滑稽的演员
30. the worst movie最差的电影
31. action movies动作片
32. beautiful beaches美丽的海滩
33. in the north of China在中国的北部
34. an Ice and Snow Festival冰雪节
35. Central Park 中心公园
36. leader of a band乐队指挥
37. Forbidden City紫禁城
38. elementary school 小学
【应掌握的句子】
1. What's the best radio station 哪一家是最好的广播电台
2. How do you choose what movie theater to go to 你如何选择去哪一家影剧院.
3. I think Gold Theater has the most comfortable seats.我认为黄金剧院的座位最舒适.
4. What do young people think about places in town 年轻人认为我们镇里的场所怎么样
5. The film is interesting.这电影令人感兴趣.
6. Where are we going for lunch 我们到哪里吃午饭
7. My sister Isabel is the funniest person I know.我妹妹伊莎贝尔是我知道的最滑稽的人.
李先生是我认识的最好的老师.
8. Last week's talent show was a great success.上个星期的才艺表演获得了巨大的成功.
名人才艺表演好极了.
9. He danced without music.在没有音乐伴奏的情况下,他跳了一曲.