⑴ 初中英语语法,怎么判断宾语从句活定语
宾语从句三种:动词后,形容词后,介词后,找到这三种词后面的从句就是宾版语从句
如:I don't know where you come from. 这里权就是Know 后面的宾语从句,属于动宾类。
定语就是可以翻译为“...的”,可以由形容词,名词,介宾短语等充当。
如:a swimming pool中 swimming认为是定语,a student of class 3,三班的是定语,介宾短语作定语。
⑵ 初中英语语法知识总结:从句
一 名词性从句:
1. 主要包括主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句和同位语从句. 一般由that 引起,也可由who, what, when, why, which, whom, whether, how 引起.
2. 主语从句很多情况下都可以放到句子后面,而用代词it作形式上的主语. :
3. 形式宾语
4. 由名词性关系代词whatever, whoever, whichever 等引起的宾语从句
5. whether and if 都能引导从句, 但用法有所不同. 当主语从句直接位于句首时,应用whether,而不用if. Whether 后能直接or not, 但if 不能.
Whether he will come or not is not known.
6. 在名词reason后的表语从句必须用that引导, 不可误用 because.
The reason why he is often late for class is that he has the bad habit of getting up late in the morning.
二: 定语从句
1. 引导定语从句的关系词有who, whom, whose, that, when, where, why and which. 在非限制定语从句中, 只可用which, who, whose, where , when., 如果指代前面整个句子, 多用which.
2. 当引导定语从句的先行词前有all, any, no, little, much, very first 等词, 或先行词前为形容词最高级所修饰时,或先行词为all, anything, nothing, something, everything 时,从句的引导词只能用that.
3. as 可做引导词引导定语从句, 多和such, the same 连用. As 引导的定语从句也可修饰整个句子, 既可放在先行词后,也可放在句子开头.
4. 介词+which/whom/whose从句
5. 代/名+介词+which 从句
6. 同位语从句和定语从句
三 状语从句:
修饰主句中的动词, 形容词和副词, 通常有从属连词引导, 按其意义和作用可分为时间, 地点, 条件, 原因, 让步, 目的, 结果, 方式, 比较.等
1. 时间状语从句:
1) 常见连词有 after, as, before, once, since, till, (not)until, when, whenever(no matter when), while, as long as, as soon as etc.
2) no sooner…than, hardly(scarcely, barely)…when: 刚做…就….
3) 还有 immediately, directly, instantly, the moment, the minute, the instant, the second, every time etc
2. 地点状语从句: 一般用where or wherever 引导
3. 条件状语从句:真实条件从句:if, unless, so long as, provided that, supposing that, on condition that, in the event that, in case that etc
4. 原因状语从句: 从属连词有because, as ,since, for, now, that, in that, seeing that, considering that(鉴于,由于)
5. 让步状语从句:
1): even if, though, even though, while(尽管) no matter what/how/which, however, whatever, whichever, however etc.
2) 由as 引起的让步从句, 语气较强烈,被强调的词须放在句首.
3) whether…or,不管…或…
6. 结果状语从句: so that, so…that, such…that
7. 目的状语从句: so that, in order that, for fear that, lest, in case
8. 方式状语从句: as, just as, as if: 如同…一样
9. 比较状语从句:
1) as…as, not so/as…as
2) 比较级+than, so much/a lot more than
3) no more…than, not more…than, less…than
4) the more…the more
⑶ 初中英语语法(关于时间状语从句的)
一、when“当……时”,引导时间状语从句时,从句用于表示主句动作发生的特定时间。如:
The
days
get
longer
when
spring
comes.
=
When
spring
comes,
the
days
get
longer.
春天到来时,白天变得更长了。
二、before“在……之前”,引导时间状语从句时,表示主句动作发生在从句动作之前。如:
Close
the
door
before
you
leave
the
room.
离开房间前关上门。
三、after“在……之后”,引导时间状语从句时,表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之后。如:
I
went
to
school
after
I
finished
my
breakfast.
吃完早饭后我就去上学了。
四、as
soon
as“一……就……”,引导时间状语从句时,表示主句动作紧接着从句动作发生。如:
I’ll
call
you
as
soon
as
I
get
home.
我一到家就给你打电话。
五、until,
till“直到”,引导时间状语从句。当主句谓语动词是延续性动词时,主句常用肯定形式;当主句谓语动词是非延续性动词时,主句要用否定形式,即“not…until/till…”意为“直到……才……”。如:
I’ll
wait
here
until/till
the
rain
stops.
我将在这里等着,直到雨停。
You
can’t
go
home
until/till
you
finish
your
work.
直到你完成你的工作,你才能回家。
下面再向大家透露点儿内幕消息,状语从句的两手绝活——时态的呼应和从句的位置。请看:
一、时态呼应
一般来讲,复合句都要遵循主、从句时态呼应规律,状语从句也不例外。即主句用现在时,从句也用现在时;主句用过去时,从句也用过去的某种时态。如:
Be
careful
when
you
cross
the
road.
过马路时要小心。
You
must
see
the
doctor
if
you
are
ill.
如果你生病了,你必须去看医生。
主句是一般过去时,从句也要用一般过去时。如:
When
he
was
seven
years
old,
he
could
swim.
当他七岁时就会游泳。
She
turned
off
the
light
before
she
left
the
office.
她离开办公室前就关了灯。
二、主从句的位置。
大多数情况下,从句可以位于主句之前,也可以位于主句之后。不过从句在前时,主从句之间必须用逗号隔开。如:
Please
tell
me
when
he
comes
back.
=
When
he
comes
back,
please
tell
me.
⑷ 谁能告诉我初中英语语法中,各种(宾语,主语,定语)从句的用法
第一,有心情的话啃啃语法书.
第二,没心情的话可以考虑听我贫下.
听着从句感觉好高深的样子,其实也就那么回事,他们的用法没什么特别要记得,一个是要用陈述语序(就是主谓宾不许倒置),另一个就是要选准引导词.
一般我认为,宾语从句和主语从句是一类,统称为名词性从句,其用法除了以上所说两点以外,用法和地位基本就和名词没什么区别了,名词该怎么用,他就怎么用.
而宾语从句我一般认为是形容词性从句,同上所述,其除了遵守以上两条以外,用法和地位基本与形容词一样,不过我这个特殊的形容词一般是要放在被修饰词的后面,就是这样了.
还有一点,从句的时态要和主句一致.
示例:
主语从句:
what he needs is more time.
(引导词) (从句内容)
\ /
(主语从句) (主句的谓语和宾语)
他所需要的是更多的时间.
宾语从句(最简单的):
everyone hoped that he would get well soon.
(引导词) (宾语从句内容)
\ /
(主语) (谓语) (宾语从句)
大家都希望他早日康复.
定语从句(不用怀疑,这是最难的):
i won't take anything that does not biling to me
(主语) (谓语) (宾语) (宾语从句)
我不会拿走不属于我的东西.
要说基本的就这些了,如果还想再学的详细一点,最好找本权威的语法书看一看,那上面的更详细.
⑸ 初中英语语法重点有哪些
主要是宾语从句和状语从句,如果说考的稍微难一些的话就是定语从句以及名词性从句,一般考的话后两者的难度不会很大.
宾语从句在句中作及物动词或介词的宾语,从句放在主句之后,前后不用逗号分开.
宾语从句:
引导宾语从句的词有:
连词that(在口语中that常可省略),if,whether,如:
He knows that Jim will work hard.
连接代词who,whom,which等,如:
Do you know who (whom) they are waiting for?
连接副词when,where,how,why等,如:Could you tell me how we can get to the station?
3.whether和if都有“是否”的意思,一般情况下两者可以换用,但在介词之后,
不定式之前,与or not连用,在句首或在引导表语从句,同位语从句时,只能用whether,如:I want to know if/whether the news is true.He doesn't know whether to stay or not?
4.宾语从句要用陈述句语序.
5.宾语从句一定要注意时态呼应,即:当主句谓语动词是过去式时,从句中谓语动
词也要用过去范畴的时态,但若从句陈述的是真理或客观规律,其谓语的时态仍用一般现在时,如:
He asked who could answer the question.
My father told me that the earth goes around the sun.
⑹ 初中英语语法从句有哪些
主要是宾语从句和状语从句,如果说考的稍微难一些的话就是定语从句以及名词性从句,一般考的话后两者的难度不会很大。
宾语从句在句中作及物动词或介词的宾语,从句放在主句之后,前后不用逗号分开。
宾语从句:
引导宾语从句的词有:
连词that(在口语中that常可省略),if, whether,如:
He knows that Jim will work hard.
连接代词who, whom, which等,如:
Do you know who (whom) they are waiting for?
连接副词when, where, how, why等,如:Could you tell me how we can get to the station?
3.whether和if都有“是否”的意思,一般情况下两者可以换用,但在介词之后,
不定式之前,与or not连用,在句首或在引导表语从句,同位语从句时,只能用whether,如:I want to know if/whether the news is true. He doesn't know whether to stay or not?
4.宾语从句要用陈述句语序。
5.宾语从句一定要注意时态呼应,即:当主句谓语动词是过去式时,从句中谓语动
词也要用过去范畴的时态,但若从句陈述的是真理或客观规律,其谓语的时态仍用一般现在时,如:
He asked who could answer the question.
My father told me that the earth goes around the sun.
6.一个宾语从句只能用一个连词。
7.当主句谓语动词是think, believe等动词时,宾语从句的否定意义要放到主句中。另外,当主句主语为第一人称时,后面若接附加疑问句,那么附加疑问句的主语、谓语应与从句中的主谓语保持一致。如:
I don't think he looks like his father, does he?
8.直接引语和间接引语也是宾语从句,直接引语是引述别人的原话,放在引号内,
不用连词联接;间接引语是用自己的话转述别人的话,通常用连接词与主句联接。
(1)陈述句变为以that引导的宾语从句,如:
He said,“I'm happy.”[FY()[FY]]He said that he was happy.
(2)一般疑问句变为if(whether)引导的宾语从句,如:
He asked me,“Does his father know Mr Green?”
---He asked me if his father knew Mr Green.
(3)特殊疑问句变为由who, what, where, how等疑问词(连接代词或连接副词)引导的宾语从句,如:
He asked me,“Where is Mr Wang?”
---He asked me where Mr Wang was.
注意上述例句中连词、时态、语序等变化。
状语从句:http://ke..com/view/84572.htm
⑺ 初中英语语法总结
一. 宾语从句的种类
宾语从句是一种名词性从句,在句中作及物动词的宾语,或介词的宾语,或形容词的宾语。根据引导宾语从句的不同连词,宾语从句可分为三类。
1. 由that引导的宾语从句。That只有语法作用,没有实在的意义,在口语
和非正式文体中可以省略。例如:
He said (that) he wanted to stay at home.
2. 由连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which和连接副词when, where, why, how引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。例如:
Do you know who (whom) they are waiting foe?
3. 由if或whether引导的宾语从句。If和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。例如:
I want to know if (whether) he lives there.
He asked me whether (if) I could help him.
二. 宾语从句的语序
宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序。例如:
I hear (that) physics isn’t easy.
三. 宾语从句的时态
1. 如果主句的时态是一般现在时,宾语从句该用什么时态就用什么时态。
I don’t think (that) you are right.
2. 如果主句的时态是一般过去时,宾语从句只能用相应的过去时态(一般过去时, 过去进行时, 过去将来时,过去完成时)
He asked what time it was.
3. 如果宾从陈述的是客观真理,时态常用一般现在时
Our teacher said that January is the first month of the year.
Scientists have proved that the earth turns around the sun.
语法定义:在复合句中用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。
I.语序的使用
分为以下五种句型结构:
1)连接词+谓语。连接词在从句中作主语。常见的连接词有: who,what,which等。如:
Excuse me,could you tell me which is the way to restrooms,please?劳驾能告诉我去洗手间的路是哪一条?
He doesn't know who lives over there .他不知道谁住那边
2)连接词+名词+谓语。连接词在从句中作主语的定语。常见的连接词有:whose,what,which,how many,how much等。如:
He asked whose bag this was .他问这是谁的书包。
I wonder how much water there is in the glass.我想知道杯里有多少水
3)连接词+主语+谓语。连接词在从句中作宾语、状语或表语。常见的连接词有:who(m),what,which,how many,how much, when,why,how,where,if(一般用于口语) /whether(与同音词weather;“天气”的拼写区别,写在句中不充当任何成分)等。如:
He couldn’t decide if he would buy them.他不能决定是否将买他们。
Could you tell me how I should come up with the problem ?你能告诉我我该怎样解决这个问题?
4)连接词+名词+主语+谓语。连接词在从句中作宾语或表语的定语。常见的连接词有:what,which,how many,how much,how等。如:
I don’t know how many books he has?我不知道他有多少本书?
He didn’t understand which book I was looking for.他不明白我在找哪一本书。
5) 连接词+动词不定式(to+V 动词原形)+... 连接词可以是关系代词和关系副词,what, whose. Which,how long,whom ,who …etc.
Eg:I wonder how to use the computer.我期盼怎样使用电脑