英语关系一致的语法

A. 表示并列或对称的关系 and可以用来连接语法作用相同的词、短语或句子的英语翻

你说的很对,不要求时态,只要求句型一样

B. 英语一致关系语法的问题

1、bacon and eggs是一个整复体，火腿制煎蛋，不可分割，类似于knife and fork，所以是单数形式

2、董事会在开会。
board of directors是个词组，就是董事会

3、一些表示强烈愿望、建议的意思的动词如suggest、demand后面的从句里是跟动词原形的

4、has brought意思就变掉了，用过去式描述以前的事情，has to bring是一般时态
has to 是不得不的意思

C. 写英语作文的时候怎样才能保持时态一致英语语法有什么时态分别是怎样的

时常检查。英语时态有16种：一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、过去将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、将来进行时、过去将来进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时、将来完成时、过去将来完成时、现在完成进行时、过去完成进行时、将来完成进行时、过去将来完成进行时。
（1）一般现在时
基本形式（以do为例）：
第三人称单数：does（主语为非第三人称单数）；
肯定句：主语＋动词原形＋其他；
He works for us.
否定句：主语＋don‘t/doesn't＋动词原形＋其他；
He doesn't work for us.
一般疑问句：Do/Does＋主语＋动词原形＋其他。
肯定回答：Yes，（＋ 主语＋do/does）．
否定回答：No，（＋主语＋don't/doesn't.）
特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句语
Does he work for us?
Yes, he does.
No, he doesn't
What does he do for us?
He works for us.
（2）一般过去时
be动词＋行为动词的过去式
否定句式：在行为动词前加didn‘t，同时还原行为动词，或was／were＋not；
was或were放于句首；用助动词do的过去式did提问，同时还原行为动词
例如： Did he work for us?
He didn't work for us.
He worked for us.
（3）一般将来时
am／are／is＋going to＋do 或
will／shall＋do
am/is/are/about to + do
am/is/are to + do;
一般将来时的表达方法
be going to +动词原形
be +不定式,be to+动词原形,be about to ＋动词原形
be able to +不定式
be about to+动词原形
will + 动词原形；
例如：He is going to work for us.
He will work for us；
He is coming.这是特殊的用一般现在时 表达 将来时态 的例子！！
(4)过去将来时
be（was，were）going to+动词原形
be（was，were）about to+动词原形
be（was，were）to+动词原形
肯定句：主语+be（was，were）going to+动词原形～.
否定句：主语+be（was，were）not going to+动词原形～.
疑问句：Be（Was，Were）+主语+going to+动词原形～？
肯定句：主语+would（should）+动词原形～.
否定句：主语+would（should）not+动词原形～.
疑问句：Would（Should）+主语+动词原形～？
He would work for us.
(5)现在进行时
主语+be+v.ing〔现在分词〕形式(其中v表示动词)
表示现在正在进行的动作或最近在做的事。
例如：I am buying a book.
第一人称+am+doing+sth
第二人称+are+doing +sth （doing是泛指所有的v-ing形式）
第三人称+is+doing+sth
例：He is working.
(6)过去进行时
肯定句：主语+was/were+doing+其它
否定句：主语+was/were+not+doing+其它
一般疑问句及答语：Was/Were+主语+doing+其它 ；答语：Yes,I主语+was/were./No,I主语+wasn't/weren't.
特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+was/were+主语+doing+其它
He was working when he was alive.
(7)将来进行时
主语+will + be +现在分词
He will be working for us.=He will work for us.
(8)过去将来进行时
should(would)+be+现在分词
He said that he would be working for us.=He said that he would work for us.
(9)现在完成时
基本结构：主语+have/has+过去分词(done)
①肯定句：主语+have/has+过去分词+其他
②否定句：主语+have/has+not+过去分词+其他
③一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他
④特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句（have/has+主语+过去分词+其他\
He has worked for us for ten years.
Has he worked for us for ten years.
(10)过去完成时
基本结构：主语+had+过去分词(done)
①肯定句：主语+had+过去分词+其他
②否定句：主语+had+not+过去分词+其他
③一般疑问句：Had+主语+过去分词+其他
肯定回答：Yes,主语+had
否定回答：No,主语+hadn't
④特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句（had+主语+过去分词+其他）
语法判定:
（ 1 ） by + 过去的时间点。如：
I had finished reading the novel by nine o'clock last night.
（ 2 ） by the end of + 过去的时间点。如：
We had learnt over two thousand English words by the end of last term.
（ 3 ） before + 过去的时间点。如：
They had planted six hundred trees before last Wednesday.
(11)将来完成时
（shall）will+have+动词过去分词
before+将来时间或by+将来时间
before或by the time引导的现在时的从句
He will have worked for us.=He will work for us.
(12)过去将来完成时
should / would have done sth.
He said that he would have worked for us.=He said that he would work for us.
(13)现在完成进行时
基本与现在完成时相同，但是现在完成进行时只能表示仍然持续的概念
have/has been +-ing 分词
He has been working for us for ten years.=He has worked for us for ten years.
(14)过去完成进行时
had been +-ing 分词
He said that he had been working for us for ten years.=He said that he had worked for us for ten years.
(15)将来完成进行时
主语+ shall/will have been doing
He will have been working for us.=He will work for us.
翻译为：他最近一直在为我们工作（过去在工作，现在在工作，将来还会工作）
(16)过去将来完成进行时
should+have been+现在分词用于第一人称
would have been+现在分词用于其他人称
He said that he would have been working for us.=He said that he would work for us.
（来自文库）

D. 就近一致在英语语法中哪些地方用到过

在现代英语中主谓一致基本遵循如下原则:语法一致原则、意义一致原则和就近原则。

1. 语法一致原则

语法一致原则就是根据主语的语法形式决定其谓语动词的语法形式.主语是单数,谓语动词就用单数形式;主语是复数,谓语动词就用复数形式。例如:

A letter has been sent to every student.给每个学生寄了一封信.

Two letters have been sent to every student.给每个学生寄了两封信.

2. 意义一致原则

意义一致原则指主谓语之间的一致关系不是由主语的语法形式来决定,而是由主语所表达的意义来决定.形式是单数的主语,其谓语有可能是复数形式;反之,形式是复数的主语,其谓语有可能是单数形式.例如:

The government have broken all their promises. 政府违背了全部诺言.(指政府中的各部门或成员)

The United States is a country advanced in science and technology. 美国是一个科学技术发达的国家.(美国是由许多的州构成的单一国家)

3. 就近原则

就近原则,指谓语动词的单、复数形式取决于最靠近它的词语.由neither...nor或either...or连接或者当一个句子是由 there 或here引起,而主语又不止一个时,谓语通常和最靠近它的主语一致.例如:

Here is a pen, a few envelopes and some paper in the drawer.抽屉里有一支钢笔,几个信封和一些纸.

Neither she nor I am wet.她和我都没有被淋湿.

上述三条原则的具体应用比较复杂,下列几点应予以注意:

1. 谓语动词用单数的情况

(1) 不定式、动名词短语或名词性从句作主语时,谓语动词用单数.例如:

To become actresses is their ambition. 作演员是她们的雄心.

Nodding often means you say "yes".点头常常意味着你表示同意.

What I did was to give her a book.我所做的就是给她一本书.

(2) 事件、国名、机构名称、作品名称用作主语时,谓语动词用单数.例如:

The United Nations was formed in 1945. 联合国成立于1945年.

The Thirty-Nine Steps is an interesting novel. 《三十九级台阶》是一本很有意思的小说.

(3)one, every, everyone, everybody, each, one of, any, either, neither, one, nobody, anyone, someone, somebody 用作主语或修饰主语时,谓语动词用单数.例如:

Many a student doesn't like having to do their homework. 很多学生都不喜欢被迫做作业.

Neither of the two girls is at home.两个女孩都不在家.

但现在英美也有人在neither of用作主语或修饰主语的句子中用复数形式的谓语动词.例如:

Neither of the two girls are at home.

(4)表示时间、距离、金钱、体积、数字等的词语用作主语表示总量时,谓语动词用单数.例如:

Fifteen years represents a long period of his life. 15年代表他一生中一个很长的时期.

(5)单数词作主语,虽然后接由including, as well as , together with, in addition to, accompanied by等词连接的其它词,谓语动词仍用单数.例如:

Gold, as well as silver, has recently risen in price. 最近金银的价格上涨了.

(6) a portion of, a series of, a kind of 等词语修饰主语时,谓语动词一般根据语法一致原则用单数.例如:

A series of pre-recorded tapes has been prepared for language laboratory use. 已准备好一系列预先录制的磁带供语言实验室使用.

2. 谓语动词用复数的情况

(1)both, some, few, many, several等词语用作主语或修饰主语时,谓语动词用复数.例如:

Few of my classmates really understand me.我的同学中没有几位真正理解我.

(2)形容词前加定冠词泛指时,谓语动词用复数.例如:

In many western films, the good are well rewarded and the bad are punished. 在很多西方电影中,好人有好报,恶人有恶报.

3. 其他情况

(1)由and连接两个主语时,谓语动词一般用复数.例如:

The secretary and the headmaster of the school were present at the meeting.学校的书记和校长都出席了会议.

但当and连接的词语作整体考虑,或在意义上指同一个人或物时,谓语动词一般用单数.例如:

The secretary and headmaster of the school was present at the meeting. 学校的书记兼校长出席了会议.

当由and连接的两个单数名词前面有each ,every 等词修饰时,谓语动词一般用单数.例如:

Each actor and actress was invited. 每一位男演员和女演员都受到了邀请.

一个单数名词前有由and连接的两个形容词修饰时,谓语动词一般用复数.例如:

Chinese and Japanese silk are of good quality.中国和日本丝绸质量都好.

(2)当or, either...or, neither...nor, not only...but also连接一个单数主语和一个复数主语时,谓语动词的数取决于它邻近的主语的数.例如:

Neither the prices nor the quality has changed. 价格与质量都没变.

Neither the quality nor the prices have changed. 质量与价格都没变.

(3)集体名词作主语时,谓语动词的数常取决于主语的意义.当主语表示整体时,谓语动词用单数;当主语强调集体中的个体时,谓语动词用复数.

The family is the basic unit of the society. 家庭是社会的基本单位.

The family have agreed among themselves to spend their vacation in Italy. 一家人都同意去意大利度假.

这类集体名词有:people, army, audience, cattle, class, club, committee, crowd, family, government, group, majority, minority, party, police, public, staff, team等,其中 people, cattle, police常用复数.

(4)一些表示数量的词语,如a lot of , any of, most of, half of, two-thirds of, ninety percent of, part of, the rest of, some of, none of , all of与名词连接时,谓语动词

的数取决于名词的数.名词用单数,谓语动词也用单数,名词用复数,谓语动词也用复数.例如:

A lot of my friends are here to celebrate my birthday. 我的很多朋友来这里庆贺我的生日.

Most of the book is interesting.这本书大部分很有意思.

注意当a number of修饰主语时,谓语动词用复数,而当the number of与名词连用作主语时,谓语动词用单数.例如:

A number of students were late for school owing to the storm. 一些学生因暴风雨而迟到.

The number of errors was surprising. 错误的数量让人吃惊.

E. 英语语法里主谓一致的问题

【意义一致原则（Notional Concord）】

I. 集合名词做主语时：（参见“名词”部分）

1. 有些通常作复数用（不变词形）。如：“people , police , cattle (牛，牲口)，folk , youth , militia (民兵)”，等。e.g.
The police have caught the murderer .警方已捕获凶手。
2. 有些指“整体”时作单数，指其中的“成员”时作复数（不变词形）。如 "army , audience(听众),class ,club （俱乐部) ,company(公司), committee(委员会) ,crew ,crowd ,staff(员工) ,family ,public ,government ,group ,party ,union ,couple ,population ,team ."等。e.g.
①Our family is a happy one . 我们有个幸福的家庭。
②The family are early risers. 这家人都起得早。
③The public are (is) requested not to litter. 请公众不要乱扔废弃物。
但上述集合名词也可有复数形式。如：families , two classes .等。有些变复数形式后意义不同。如：peoples多个民族。 youths男青年。 folks亲友。

II. 代词做主语时：（参见“代词”部分）

1. 不定代词"each ,one , much, (a)little ,either ,neither ,another ,the other(+单名)"等常作单数用。它们所修饰的主语也作单数。e.g.
①Each of the girls (Each girl) has a new hat . 每个女孩都有顶新帽子。
②Neither plan suits me .③Neither of the plans suits / suit me . 两个计划都不适合我。
2. 下列复合不定代词一般作单数用：“someone ,somebody ,something ,anybody ,anyone ,anything ,everybody ,everyone ,everything ,nobody ,no one ,nothing ”等。e.g.
①Is everybody here ? 都到齐了吗？
②There was nothing special then. 那时没什么特别情况。
3. 下列不定代词作复数用：“（a）few ,many ,several， both”等。e.g.
①Few (of the guests ) were familiar to us . 没几个（客人）是我们熟识的。
②Both / Both (of ) these are interesting . 两部影片都有趣。
4下列代词须视其“具体所指”来决定单、复数：
1）“what ,which ,who ,whose ”等。e.g.
①Who is your brother ?你兄弟是谁？
②Who are League Members .哪些是团员？
2）"all , some ,more ,most ,any ,none ,a lot(of ), lots (of ),"等。e.g.
①All (of the students ) are working hard .（所有的学生）都在用功。
②All (of the paint ) is fine .（这些油漆）都很好。
3）"half(of), plenty (of), the rest(of), (a)part(of), the remainder(of )余下的）"，等。e.g.
①Half of the apples are bad .苹果中有一半是坏的。
②Half of the apple is bad .这只苹果坏了一半。

Ⅲ.“数词”、“数量、单位”等词语做主语时：（参见“数词”部分。）
1. 表示“运算”的数词通常作单数 。e.g.
Ten times four makes(make) forty .+ 乘以四得四十。
2.表“时间、距离、金额、度量衡”等的词语，作“整体”看时作单数用，侧重指“若干单位”时作复数用。e.g.
①Twenty years is not a long time . 二十年光阴，弹指一挥间。
②Twenty years have passed since he left. 他离开已二十个年头了。
3.“分数、百分数”通常依其“具体所指”来决定单、复数。e.g.
①About 40 percent / two-fifths of the books here are (is) worth reading . 这些书中百分之四十/五分之二值得读。
②Only sixty percent / three-fifths of the work was done yesterday .昨天只干完了百分之六十/五分之三的工作。
4. "a number of (许多)/ a variety of (各式各样) "+复数名词，常作复数用。e.g.
①A number of students in this class are (is) from Sichuan . 这个班有不少同学来自四川。
②There are a variety of toys in this shop.这家商店有各种各样的玩具。
但是，“the number(数目)/ the variety(种类)”+ of + 复数名词，作单数。e.g.
①The number of students in this college has doubled . 这所大学的学生人数翻了一番。
②The variety of goods in this shop is rich . 这家商店货物品种丰富。

Ⅳ.单、复数同形或易混的词做主语时：（参见“名词”部分）
1.以“-ics”结尾的学科名词：指教育、科研的某一学科，作单数。e.g.
Mathematics seems easy to me .我似乎觉得数学不难。
但是，表“具体的学业、活动”等时，多用作复数。e.g.
①Her mathematics are weak . 她数学差。（指“学业成绩、能力”）
②What are your politics? 你的政治观点如何？
2. “works工厂，means方法，series系列，species物种，aircraft飞机”等名词单、复数同形，要从上下文判断其具体意义来决定单、复数。e.g.
①This works was(These works were)built two years ago . 这（几）家工厂是两年前修建的。
②Every means has (All means have) been tried. 各种办法都试过了。
这类名词通常还有“fish ,deer ,sheep ,headquarters (总部驻地),bellows(风箱), plastics, gallows (绞架), manners(礼貌) ,whereabouts (行踪), ”等。（但news（消息）是不可数名词，通常只作单数用。）

Ⅴ. "the + 形容词/分词"做主语时：
1. 指“一类”人或事物时，常用作复数用。e.g.
①The English speak English. 英国人讲英语。
②The rejected were heaped in the corner. 废品堆在角落里。
2.指“某一个”人，或“抽象的”事物时，作单数用。e.g.
①The deceased was his father . 去世的是他父亲。
②The agreeable is not always the useful. 好看的不一定中用。
③The new and progressive always wins over the old. 新生、进步的事物总是要战胜旧的东西。

Ⅵ.专用名词做主语时：
1.“书名、剧名、报刊名、国家名”等通常作单数用。e.g.
①The United States was founded in 1776. 美国成立于1776年。
②The Arabian Nights is very interesting. 《天方夜谭》很有趣。
2.“书刊名”有时作单数或复数两可，尤其是编成集子的书。e.g.
Dickens' American Notes were (was ) published in 1842 .
狄更斯所著的《美国笔记》出版于1842年。

Ⅶ“what等引导的从句”做主语时：
1. 大多作单数用。e.g.
①What we need is more practice . 我们需要的是更多的实践。
②What he says doesn't agree with what he does. 他言行不一致。
2.若从句是含复数意义的并列结构、或“表语”是复数时，谓语动词用单数或复数两可。e.g.
①What you say and think is /are no business of mine . 你怎么说以及怎么想，不关我的事。
②What he bought was /were some books. 他所买的是几本书。

【语法一致原则】

I .主语的“人称”决定谓语动词的形式。e.g.
①I love / She loves music . 我/ 她爱好音乐。
②Are your mother a worker? (误)你母亲是工人吗？
Is your mother a worker? (正)（主语your mother 是单数第三人称）

II .主语的“数”决定谓语动词的形式。
1.“不可数名词、可数名词单数、单数代词、不定式（短语）、动名词（短语）”或“从句”等做主语，用单数谓语形式。e.g.
①The work is important . 这项工作重要。
②To serve the country is our ty. 为祖国服务是我们的义务。
③How and why he left was a sad story. 他离开的经过和原因是一段伤心的经历。
2. 复数的名词、代词一般接复数谓语形式。e.g.
①The children are taken good care of . 孩子们得到很好的照料。
②They have gone to Cheng . 他们去成都了。

III. 以“and”或“both… and”连接的并列主语：
1.通常作复数用 。e.g.
①Plastics and rubber never rot . 塑料和橡胶从不腐烂。
②What he says and what he does do not agree. 他言行不一致。
③Both Tom and I are fond of medicine. 我和汤姆都喜欢医学。
2. 如果并列主语指的是“同一个”人（事、物、抽象概念），作单数用。e.g.
①The worker and writer has come . 这位工人作家来了。
②A cart and horse was seen in the distance. 远处能看见有一套马车。
③Truth and honesty is the best policy. 真诚是最好的策略。
3. “and”前、后的单数词语都有“each, every ,many ,a ,no”等修饰时，仍作单数用。e.g.
①Every boy and every girl enjoys equal rights here.这里每个男孩和每个女孩都享有平等权益。
②No teacher and no student is excused from taking part in the activity .没有哪个教师或学生可以免于参加这项活动。

Ⅳ. 主语前、后加表“数、量”等的修饰语时：
1. a）“many a + 单名 ”接单数谓语：“a good (great ) many + 复名”接复数谓语。e.g.
①Many a fine man has died for it . 许多优秀战士为此献出了生命。
②A great many parents were present at the meeting. 许多家长出席了会议。
b）"a / an + 单名+ or two " 大多接单数谓语： "one or two + 复名"接复数谓语。e.g.
①Only a word or two is (are )needed. 只需说一两句。
②One or two reasons were suggested. 提出一两条理由。
c）"a / an + 单名+ and a half"常接单数谓语；“one and a half +复名”多接复数谓语。e.g.
①A year and a half has passed . 一年半已过去了。
②One and a half tons of rice are sold. 已卖了一吨半大米。
d） "more than one + 单名"大多接单数谓语。e.g.
①More than one person was (were )absent . 不止一个人缺席。
"more + 复名+ than one "接复数谓语。e.g.
②More students than one have been there . 不止一个学生去过那儿。
"More than two (three…) +复名 " 接复数谓语。e.g.
③More than one hundred students have attended the concert . 不止一百名学生听了这场音乐会。
2 ，主语前加表示“单位、度量”的短语如“a kind (sort / type / form /pair /cup /glass /piece / load / block / box / handful / quantity / ton / metre /… )of”等时，表示“单位、度量”的这个名词的单复数决定谓语形式。e.g.
a）①There is only a small quantity of paper (books ) left . 只剩下少量的纸（书）了。
②Large quantities of water are needed. 需要大量的水。
b）①This kind of apple is sweet . 这种苹果甜。
②This kind of apples is (are) sweet. （大多依 kind ，作单数用 ）
③These kind(s) of apple(s) are sweet . （总作复数用）
但:Apples of this kind are sweet. （总作复数用）
3. 主语后接“with…”等构成的短语修饰成分时：谓语仍须与这类短语前的“主语”一致。可构成这类短语的常用“with ,along with ,together with ,as well as , but , besides , except ,added to , including , like ,no less than , rather than , more than ”等。e.g.
①A woman with two children has come . 一位妇女带着两个孩子来了。
②I as well as they am ready to help you. 不仅他们，我也愿帮助你。
4. "one of + 复数名词+ 定语从句"：
1）定语从句的先行词通常是这个“复数名词”，因此从句的谓语用复数形式。e.g.
①This is one of the best novels that have appeared this year . 这是今年出版的最佳小说之一。（关系词“that”代“novels”）
②He was one of the boys who were praised . 他是受表扬的男孩之一。
2）若“one”前加“this, the ,the only ”等时，定语从句的关系词指代one，作从句主语时，接单数谓语。e.g.
He was the only one of the boys who was praised .他是男孩中唯一受到表扬的。(关系词who 代 the only one )

F. 在英语的主谓一致的语法一致中，它的实际意义跟它法法在形式上本来就是一样的，所以语法一致也可不可以理

不可以。主谓一致是指主语的人称和单复数决定谓语动词的单复数，另外，决定谓语动词的形式的还有时间状语。
英语，首先在语法上要强调主谓一致，然后才是意思。意思正确，形式不正确仍然算错。

G. 英语中有个就近一致的原则，到底是什么

跟WITH无关的，with his student(s)就像修饰语一样，可以不管它，所以前面如果是teachers,就用复数动词，如果是teacher就用单数动词。

H. 英语主谓一致的详细讲解。

主谓一致即谓语动词在人称和数上要和主语保持一致，主谓一致包括语法一致、意义一致和就近一致，语法一致即谓语动词在单复数形式上要和主语保持一致，意义一致就是谓语动词要和主语意义上的单复数保持一致，就近一致就是谓语动词要和靠近它的主语部分保持一致。

主谓一致( Subject-Verb Concord )

就其在现代语法中的基本原则而言，通常有三个不同角度的着眼点：1,语法一致 2,意义一致 3,就近原则。

（1）语法一致

主谓一致的原则是指，主语和谓语从语法形式上取得一致：

主语是单数形式，谓语也采取单数形式；主语是复数形式，谓语必须采取复数形式。

例如：

A grammar book helps you learn something about the rules of a language.语法书帮助你学习语言的某些规则。(主语是单数形式，谓语也采取单数形式）

（2）不定式，动名词，以及从句作主语时应看作单数，谓语动词用单数。

例如：

Reading often means learning .读书常意味是学习。

（3）不定代词及each作主语或是修饰主语时应看作单数，谓语动词用单数。

例如：

Neither of my sisters likes sports .我的妹妹中没人喜欢运动。

（4）表示国家，机构，事件，作品等名称的专有名词作主语时应看作单数，谓语动词用单数。

例如：

One Thousand And One Nights tells people lots of mysterious bits of folklore .《一千零一夜》给人们讲了许多神秘的民间传说。

（5）a series of,a kind of,the number of等与名词构成名词短语作主语时看作单数，谓语动词用单数。

例如:

A series of high technology procts has been laid out in the exhibition. 一系列高科技产品已在展览上展出。

（6）由some,several,both,few,many,a number of 等词修饰主语，或是由它们自身作主语时应看作复数，谓语动词用复数。

例如：

Both of us are fond of watching football games .我们俩都喜欢看足球赛.

（7）由and连接两个主语时，如指同一人或物，谓语用单数；指不同的人或物，谓语用复数.

On the seashore,some people are playing volleyball and some are lying in the sun. 海边，有些人在打排球，有些人躺着晒太阳.

（8）有些短语，如：a lot of,most of,any of,half of,three fifths of,eighty percent of,some of,none of,the rest of,all of等后接不可数名词，或是单数形式的名词作主语时应看作单数，谓语动词用单数；但如果后接可数名词的复数形式作主语时应看作复数，谓语动词用复数。

例如：

A lot of money in the shop was stolen yesterday when the electricity was suddenly cut off. 昨天突然断电时，那家商店丢失了许多钱.

（9）主语为单数个不定式（短语）、动名词（短语）或从句时，谓语动词一般用单数。

（10）主语为三单，或习惯用作单数名词或不可数名词的词，如：money，information，clothing等，谓语动词用单数。

意义一致（Notional Concord )

这一原则是指，从意义着眼来解决主谓一致问题.有时主语形式上为单数，但意义上却是复数，那么谓语依意义也用复数形式；而有时主语形式上为复数，但意义上却是单数，那么谓语依意义亦用单数形式。

（1）当主语后面接由as well as,as much as,accompanied by,including,in addition to,more than,no less than,rather than,together with等引导的词组时，其谓语动词的形式要依主语的单复数而定。

在这样的句子里，这些词所引导的词组不影响主语自身的单，复数形式，它们在句子里其实是状语.也就是说，我们完全可以将这些词组搬到句首或是放到句末去.从表面上我们也可以看出，它们与主语之间有","隔开。

例如：

Petroleum,along with fuel gas,has recently risen in price.目前石油和燃料煤气的价格上涨了。

（2）表示时间，金钱，距离，体积，重量，面积，数字等词语作主语时，其意义若是指总量应看作单数，谓语动词用单数；但如果其意义是指"有多少数量"则应该看作是复数，那么谓语动词也应该用复数。

例如：

Four weeks are often approximately regarded as one month.人们常大约地将四个星期看成一个月。

（3）形容词前加定冠词即"the + 形容词"作主语时，其意义若是指个人或是抽象概念应看作单数，谓语动词用单数；但如果其意义是指一类人则应该看作是复数，那么谓语动词也应该用复数。

例如：

The young,on the one hand,often think of the old conservative. On the other hand,the old always consider the young inexperience.一方面，青年人常认为老年人保守；另一方面，老年人总是认为青年人没有经验。

（4）当and连接两个并列主语在意义上指同一人，同一物，同一事或者同一概念时，应看作单数，谓语动词用单数.另外，当and 连接两个形容词去修饰一个单数形式的主语时，其实是指两种不同的事物，主语则应该看作是复数，那么谓语动词也应该用复数。

例如：

War and peace is a constant theme in history. 战争与和平是一个历史上的永恒的主题.

（5）集体名词作主语时，谓语动词的数取决于主语的意义：主语表示整体时视为单数，谓语动词用单数；主语表示集体中的个体成员时视为复数，谓语动词用复数.这类集体名词常见的有：

army,audience,cattle,class,club,committee,crowd,family,government,group,majority,minority,part,people,police,public,staff,team等等，其中cattle,people,police一般看成复数形式.

例如：

The family are all fond of football. 那一家人都喜欢足球.

就近原则（Principle of Proximity )

这一原则是指，谓语动词的人称和数常常与最近作主语的词语保持一致.常出现在这类句子中的连词有：or,either… or …，neither… nor …，not only… but also …等.例如：

Either I or they are responsible for the result of the matter.不是我，就是他们要对那件事的结局负责任。

Neither the unkind words nor the unfriendly attitude has caused me any distress.既不是那些不友好的话，也不是那不友好的态度让我沮丧。

(8)英语关系一致的语法扩展阅读

1、并列结构作主语时的主谓一致

由and 连接的两个单数名词作主语时，谓语动词一般根据语法一致的原则用复数。

如：

A young man and a girl want to go there.一个青年男子和一个姑娘想去那里。

2、但如果在意义上指同一个人，同一件事或同一个概念时，谓语动词要用单数形式.如：

A needle and thread was found on the floor.在地板上找到了针线（穿了线的针）。

当each ...and each...,every...and every...,no...and no...,many a...and many a...结构作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式.

如：

No man and no animal is to be found on the moon.在月球上没发现人和动物。

3、一个单数名词同时被两个不同的形容词修饰，表示两个不同的概念时，谓语动词一

般用复数.

如：

Ancient and modern history are the subjects we are studying.古代史和现代史是我们目前学习的课程。

但如果表示的是同一概念时应用单数。

如：

The last and most difficult lesson is lesson14.14课是最后一课也是最难的一课。

4、由not only... but also ...,either...or ...,neither... nor...,... or...连接的并列主语，谓语动词通常依就近一致原则决定.

如：

Either the players or the coach is responsible for the defeat.不是运动员就是教练应该对这次比赛的失利负责。

5、当主语由as well as,along with,together with,ratherthan,no less than,but,except,besides,in additionto,like,including等词连接时，其谓语动词的单复数形式通常由前面的词来决定。

如：

An iron and steal works,with some satellite factories. is to be built here.在这里将建立一个钢铁厂和一些卫星厂。

I. 英语语法 一致习题解析

第一个与the only one一致
第二个中none也是单数，相当于no one

J. 英语一致关系习题求解！急！

1.I don't swim now,but I__when I was a kid.
A.used to it B.used to doing it C.used to D.used to do 答案为什么选C而不能是D?
解释：used to do 过去常常做某事，在这里选C 是为了避免重复用的一种省略现象。注意省略时只需保留不定式符号to即可。
2.It is reported that__adopted children want to kow who their naturai parents are.
A.the most B.most of C.most D.the most of为什么答案选C而不能是B？
most +复数名词=most of+the+复数名词
3.Orlando,a city in Florida,__for its main attraction Magic Kingdom. A.which is well known B.is well known C.well known D.being well kown这个题的答案为什么是B而不能选C？
这里需要谓语动词的形式。而C well known实际上是形容词不能单独作谓语。
以...而闻名 be well know for sth.
4.A good setof tires__to last at least twenty thousand miles. A.is supposed B.are supposed C.supposed D.suppose 答案为什么用A?谓语动词是单数的形式？
a set of一套，a pair of一幅这样的词组作主语时要根据set，pair这些计量单位的单复数来确定谓语动词的单复数形式。
Two pairs of shoes are on the floor.
A pair of shoes is on the floor.
5.No sound an no voice__for a long while. A.are heard B.is heard C.have heard D.has heard 答案为什么选B，而不是D？for a long while不能用于完成时吗？
D项如果改为被动语态就对了。因为声音是被听到的。
6.The linebacker and captain of the team__most valuable player. A.have been selected B.has been selected C.have selected D.has selected 为什么答案选B？谓语用Has而不是have？the linebacker and captain不是复数吗？
这是主谓一致的语法，两个名词前有一个冠词修饰，表示一个人，谓语动词用单数。如果有两个冠词修饰就是两个人，谓语动词就用复数。
The poet and the writer are coming here tomorrow.那个诗人和那个作家明天要来。
The poet and writer is coming here tomorrow.那个诗人兼作家明天要来。
7.The nation wats peace,only a minority__the war to continue. A.want B,wants C.wanted D.has wanted 答案为什么选A而不是B？名词前有only修饰，且为单数，为什么谓语动词不用单数形式wants?而是want？
a minortiy 在这里表示a minority of people所以用复数。
8.Although his many examples were all ringht,the remainder__not exact.
A,is B,are C.was D.were 答案为什么选D？而不是C？
the remainder=the rest 作主语时，谓语动词要看其代表的意思来决定，这里表示the remaider of his examples,所以用复数。
9.I know you think I am talking in the United States,over 30__spent on advertisement each year. A.you would realize that I had been right
B.you will realize that I was right
C.you will realizing that I habe been right
D.you have realizing that I am right 答案为什么选C？而不是B？
C项答案抄错了吧？是否应该是you will realize that i have been right
后面的时间状语each year要求用现在时态，不会用过去时态的。我觉得题干似乎也有错误。
10. There is always a possibility that he infection will return,but so far there__been no signs of trouble. A.has B.have C.are D.had 答案为什么是B而不是A呢？因为是 no signs 所以谓语动词应该用单数不对吗？
there be 句型中要根据紧跟的名词来取决动词的单复数。
signs是复数，所以用there have been

你把主谓一致的语法再系统的学学，然后再做题就感觉容易了。加油！！！