Ⅰ 八下英语一至三模块短语外研版
2014年 新外研版八年级下册 短语
Mole 1 Expressions
1. What + (a / an) + 形容词 + 可数名词单数 + 主语 + 谓语！
2. look+形容词 看上去…/ 看来…
3. be afraid that +从句 恐怕…
… be afraid to do sth 害怕做某事
be afraid of doing sth 害怕……
4. thank (sb ) for dong sth 因……感谢某人做…
thank（sb） for sth 因……感谢某人
5. can’t wait to do sth 迫不及待做某事
6. spend 时间/金钱+（in）doing sth 某人做…….花……
spend 时间、金钱+on sth. 某人花…在某方面
7.be proud of… 以……为自豪
8.be proud to do sth. 为做某事而感到自豪
9.be proud that… 为……感到自豪
10.hear from/ receive a letter from... 收到......的来信
11.each other 互相，彼此
12.arrive in/at 到达
13.be good at 擅长，善于
14.have a try 尝试
15.on top 在上面，处于优势
16.in the middle 在中间
17.as well 也；还
18.get bad mark 取得不好的成绩
19.speak Chinese 讲中文
20.in the right way 以正确的方式
21.be excited about 对......兴奋
22.shake hands 握手
23.close to 离......近
24.look sb. in the eye 正视某人
Mole 2 Experiences
1. invite sb to do sth 邀请某人做某事
2. think about 考虑
3. make up 编造
4. stop doing sth 停止做某事
5. come with 和.......一起去
6. the first prize 一等奖
7. at the moment 此时，现在
8. so far 到目前为止
9. ask sb to do sth 要去某人做某事
10. enjoy doing sth 喜欢做某事
11. a fifteen-year-old boy 一个十五岁的男孩
12. one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数 最.......之一
13. be different from 与.......不同
14. count down 倒数
15. send sb to do sth 把某人送去做某事
16. enter a competition 参加竞赛
17. write about 编写；写作
18. think about 考虑
19. travel around the world 环游世界
20. work for 效力于
21. for example 例如
22. look forward to doing/sth 期盼；期待
23. have a wonderful time 玩的开心
24. a pair of 一双
25. the rest of 剩余的
MODULE 3 Journey to space
1. What are you up to? 你在干什么？
2. the latest news 最新消息
3. get information 获得信息
4. search for 寻找，搜索
5. in order to 为了
6. much +比较级 ......得多
7. on earth 在世界上，在人间,究竟，到底
8. communicate with sb 与某人交谈
9. hundreds of 数以百计的
10. go around 绕着......走
11. billions of 数十亿的
12. take photos 拍照
13. send...to... 把......送到......
14. no problem 没问题
15. be far away（from) 遥远
16. go online 上网
17. search for 搜索
18. more than 超过；多余
19. look for 寻找
20. look like 看起来像
21. finish doing sth 做完某事
语法专项I
I. 名词：在我们身边存在着形形色色的人和事物，它们都有自己的称呼，我们用来称呼它们的词就是名词，概括来说表示人、事物、地方、现象等的名称的词都叫名词。
一. 名词的种类：名词可以分为专有名词和普通名词，普通名词又分为个体名词和集体名词，物质名词和抽象名词。
1. 专有名词：专有名词是指人、地方、团体、机构等特有的名词，它的第一个字母必须大写，专有名词前一般不加冠词。
A. 表示人名：Li Bai，Mr Black，Doctor Zhang
B. 表示地名：China，London，Zhong Guan Cun Street.
C. 由普通名词构成的专有名词：the Spring Festival, the Palace Museum.
2. 普通名词：普通名词指一类人或东西或一个抽象的名标，它可以进一步分为个体名词、集合名词、物质名词和抽象名词四类。
A. 个体名词：表示某类人或事物中的个体：student，teacher，car.
B. 集合名词：表示若干个体组成的集合体；family，police，people.
C. 抽象名词：表示动作、状态、品质、感情等抽象的概念：music，love
D. 物质名词：表示无法分为个体的物质或实物：water，tea，air
二. 名词的数：表示可以计算数目的人或物称为可数名词，表示一个用单数，两个以上用复数，可数名词单数前面一般要用不定冠词a / an，可数名词复数是在单数名词后面加“s”或“es”。可数名词复数前不能用不定冠词a / an。
1. 单数可数名词，表示“一”的概念，要用名词的单数形式，表示名词的单数，要在名词前加冠词a或an。 eg：a book， a tree， a shark an octopus，an apple，an egg
2. 复数可数名词：在梦塔英语中，如果要表示“二、三、四，……”概念时，要用名词的复数形式，名词的复数形式是在单数名词后加上词尾-s或-es构成的。
A. 名词复数的规则变化。 a. 在一般情况下，词尾后加-s。 books，cups，beds，boys，horses
b. 以s，x，sh，ch结尾的词，词尾加-es，读|iz| buses，boxes，dishes，watches
c. 以f或fe结尾的词，先将f或fe变成v，再加-es，读|vz| half—halves，knife—knives
d. 以o结尾的词，词尾加-es或-s。 zoos，photos，radios，tomatoes，potatoes
e. 以辅音字母加y结尾的词，先将y改为i再加-es。 cities，families，babies
B. 名词复数的不规则变化。 man—men，tooth—teeth，child—children，sheep—sheep
C. 有些名词只有复数形式 clothes，trousers，pants，glasses
3. 不可数名词表示量的概念时，在这些词前加上数量词。 eg：a cup of coffee，a piece of paper，three slices of bread
II. 不定代词，我们所学的不定代词有all，both，each，every，some，any，many，much，（a）few，（a）little，either，neither，other，another，no，none以及含有some-，any-，no-等的合成代词，这些不定代词大都可以代替名词和形容词，在句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语。
一. some，any及其合成词的用法。
1. 基本用法 some，any可与单、复数和不可数名词连用。 some用于肯定句中，而不能用于疑问句中，any一般用于否定句，疑问句和条件句中。 eg：I have some interesting books. There is some yogurt in the bottle. I don't have any money. Were there any sharks in the aquarium?
2. 特殊用法 在疑问句中，一般不用some，只有当问句表示一种邀请或者请求，或期待一个肯定的回答时才能用some。 eg：Would you like some more tea？
二. all，both的用法 1. all代表或修饰四个以上的人或事物，或不可数的东西。 eg：We all like eat potato chips. All the students in our class went to the zoo. 2. both是指“两者都……” eg：The twins both have long hair. There are many trees on both sides of the street.
三. many，much，（a lot），a few，few，a little，little。这些词都可以表示数量，并且都可以修饰名词。 1. many，a lot，a few，few修饰可数名词；much，a lot，a little，little修饰不可数名词。 2. many，much，a lot，a few，a little表示肯定的意思：few，little表示否定的意思。 eg：How much relish do we need? There are a few minutes left, aren't there? There is a little time left, is there?
III. 形容词的比较等级：梦塔英语中的形容词，在表示“比较——”和“最——”这样的概念时，要用特别的形式，称为比较级和最高级。 原级 比较级 最高级 young（年轻） younger（比较年轻） youngest（最年轻）
一. 变化形式如下：
1. 规则变化 构成法 原级 比较级 最高级 一般单音节词和部分双音节词在词尾加-er〔 〕（比较级）和-est〔ist〕（最高级） 以不发音的e结尾的单音节词和少数以le结尾的双音节词只在词尾加-r（比较级）和-st（最高级） “辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词，将词尾的y改为i，再加-er和-est 重读闭音节词，只有一个辅音字母结尾时，要双写该辅音字母，再加-er，-est 部分双音节词和多音节词，在该词前面加more和the most构成比较级和最高级 tall高的（adj.） great巨大的（adj.） fast快（adj.& adv.） near附近的（adj. & adv.） nice好的（adj.） large大的（adj.） able有能力的（adj.） late晚，晚的（adj. & adv.） easy容易的（adj.） busy忙的（adj.） early早（adj. & adv.） big大的（adj.） hot热的（adj.） thin细的，瘦的（adj.） important重要的（adj.） beautiful漂亮的（adj.） slowly慢（adv.） quickly快（adv.） teller greater faster nearer nicer larger abler later easier busier earlier bigger hotter thinner more important more beautiful more slowly more quickly the tallest the greatest （the）fastest （the）nearest the nicest the largest the ablest （the）latest the easiest the busiest （the）earliest the biggest the hottest the thinnest the most important the most beautiful (the) most slowly (the) most quickly
2. 不规则变化 原级 比较级 最高级 good好的（adj.） well健康的（adj.） 好（adv.） bad坏的（adj.） ill有病的（adj.） badly坏（adv.） many多（adj. & adv.） much多（adj. & adv.） far远（adj. & adv.） little少（adj. & adv.） old老的（adj.） late迟的，晚的（adj.） better['bet ]较好的（地） worse[w :s]更坏（地） 更差（地） more[m :]更多的，更加 farther['fa: ]较远 further['f : ]进一步 less[les]较少的（地） older[' uld ]较老的 elder['eld ]年长的 later较迟的，较近的 latter['l t ]后者 (the) best[best]最好的（地） (the) worst[w :st]最坏（地） 最糟（地） (the) most[m ust]最多的（地） (the) farthest['fa: ist]最远的（地） (the) furthest['f : ist]最深远的（地） (the) least[li:st]最少的（地） the oldest[' uldist]最老的 the eldest['eldist]最年长的 the latest（时间上）最近的 the last（顺序）最后的 比较： elder和eldest主要用于表示家庭成员之间的长幼关系，如：elder sister姐姐。 older和oldest则用于表示年龄大小。 They are in the same age, but Li looks much older than Ma. 他们两个在年龄上一般大，但看起来李比马老的多。 二. 形容词比较等级的用法。 形容词比较等级通常分为原形，比较级和最高级三种基本形式，具体而言，它们分别以下列形式出现在句中： （1）as +原形+ as 表示“……和……相同”。 （2）比较级+ than 表示“……比……较为……”。 （3）the +最高级+ of / in 表示“在……中最为……”。 eg：My dog is as old as that one. The jacket is as cheap as that old one. Is he as busy as before? Mary is funnier than Jane. His brother is younger than me. Tom is the happiest of us all. Spring is the best season of the year. 三. 需要注意的一些问题。 1. 在形容词比较级前还可以用much，even，far，a lot，still，a little来修饰，表示“……的多”，“甚至……”，“仍然，还……”，“更……”，以加强语气。 eg：Our city is much more beautiful than yours. Japan is a little larger than Germany.
2. 表示“大几岁”，“高……”等，句型用“表示数量的词+形容词比较级。” eg：I'm two years older than you. She is a head taller than me.
3. 表示“越来越……”，句型用“比较级+ and +比较级”。 eg：China is more and more beautiful. The earth is getting warmer and warmer.
4. 表示“是最……之一”句型用“one of the +形容词最高级”。 eg：Beijing is one of the busiest cities in China. One of the most important languages is English.
Ⅲ 外研版八年级下英语语法
Unit6 Fun Cycling
Topic1 We’re going on a spring field trip
一. 重点词汇
( 一 ) 词形转换:
1.discuss(名词) discussion 2.queen(对应词) king
3.comfortable(名词) comfort 4.safely (形容词) safe (名词) safety
( 二 ) 词的辨析
1. find out / look for / find 2. cost / pay for / spend on
3. other /else 4. raise /rise
5.each /every 6.exciting / excited
(三)重点词组:
1.go on a visit to 去……旅行
2. make the decision 做决定
3.bring back 带回
4.go on a field trip 去野外旅行
5.decide on (upon) sth 对某事做出决定
6 see the sunrise 看日出
7. make a reservation 预订
8. come up with 想出（主意）
9. look forward to (doing) sth 期望
10. pay for 支付；赔偿
11. raise money 筹钱
12. book a ticket 订票
13. make a room for sb 为……订房间
14. have a wonderful time 玩得愉快
15. in the daytime 在白天
16. a two-day visit 为期两天的旅行
17.find out 查出
18. some places of interest 名胜
19. rooms with bathtub 带浴室的房间
20．a hard (soft) sleeper 硬（软）卧
21.my pleasure 不客气
二．重点句型及重点语言点
1. I have some exciting news to tell you. 我有一些激动人心的消息要告诉你们。
to tell you 是动词不定式短语， 作定语。动词不定式作定语时常放在被修饰的名词或代词之后。如： I have nothing to talk about. He has a lot of work to do.
2. Sounds great!= It sounds great! 听起来不错。
3. We will go on a two-day visit to Mount Tai. 我们将要去泰山玩两天。
go on a visit to 去参观/旅游 They went to a visit to Egypt last year.
类似有：go on a trip / go on a picnic
a two-day visit 为期两天的旅行 a two-month holiday 两个月的假期
an eighteen-year-old boy 一个18岁的男孩
4．It’s hard to say. 这很难说。To say 是动词不定式作主语，It 是形式主语。
如： It’s nice to meet you.
5. I’ll ask the airline on the phone. 我将打电话问问航空公司。同义句是：
I’ll phone and ask the airline.
6. Bring back your information to class tomorrow and we’ll decide on the best way to go on our field trip. 明天把你们查到的信息带到班上来，然后我们来决定最好的郊游方式。
bring back 带回。Please bring back your library books tomorrow.
decide on/upon sth 决定，选定 We’re trying to decide on a school.
7.It’s too far for cycling. 骑自行车去路太远了。同义句是：It’ too far to cycle there.
8.How long does it take to reach Mount Tai by…？乘……去泰山要花多长时间？
9．How much does it cost to go there ?去那里要花多少钱？
How much does a standard room cost ? 一个标准间的价格是多少？
10.We have tickets at 120 yuan for the hard sleeper and 180 yuan for the soft sleeper.
我们的票价是硬卧120元，软卧是180元。
at 意为“以……”，一般用于表示价格，年龄，速度等词的前面，for 意为“供，适合于”。I’ve got tickets at 80 yuan for The Sound of Music.
11.I’d like to book 20 tickets for the hard sleeper. 我要预订20张硬卧票。
20 tickets for the hard sleeper= 20 hard sleeper tickets
book tickets 预订票 book a room for sb/sth 为……预订房间
e.g. We want to book some rooms for 14th. 我们想预订一些14号的房间。
12．Please pay for the tickets before 5:30 p.m. 请在下午5：30之前付款。
Pay for 支付 pay for sb to do sth 付钱给某人做某事
e.g. Her parents paid for her to go to America.她的父母支付她去美国的费用.
13. I want to make a hotel reservation. 我想预订房间。
make a reservation 预订
14. We have rooms with a bathtub… 我们有带浴缸……的房间。
with 有或带着 a house with a swimming pool
a standard room with two single beds
15.It’s very common to raise money in Canadian and American schools. 在加拿大和美国的学校里筹钱是很正常的。raise money 筹钱 We can raise the money ourselves.
16.It costs each student one dollar to buy a ticket for the draw.每一个学生花一美元便可买到一张抽奖的票。
(1)each 作主语，谓语用单数 Each of the students spends one dollar buying a ticket.. （2）用于单数名词前，作定语，谓语用单数。Each student has their own e-mail address.
(3)用于复数主语后，作主语同位语，谓语用复数。They each have their own e-mail address.
17. I am looking forward to hearing from you . 我盼望收到你的来信。
Look forward to 盼望，期待 They are looking forward to solving the problem.
三.重点语法
动词不定式
（1） 动词不定式常跟这些及物动词之后，want ,refuse, forget, need , try, learn , like, agree, help, hope ,decide, begin等。可用顺口溜（要想拒绝忘记，需要努力学习，喜欢同意帮助，希望决定开始）
（2） 不定式的否定形式是在to的前面直接加not. My mother decided not to buy a computer for me.
（3） 不定式可以和疑问词who , which ,when, where ,how, what等连用。 Can you tell me what to say at the meeting ? I don’t know how to get to the station.
（4） 本topic出现的句子有：
I have some exciting news to tell you.
I want to make a hotel reservation.
It is very common to raise money in Canadian and American schools.
The best way to raise money is to sell newspapers.
I think the most exciting way is to sell flowers in the evening.
Kangkang helped us to book the train tickets.
Topic2 How about exploring the Ming Tombs ?
一、重点词汇：
（一）词形转换：
1.explore(名词) explore 2. east (形容词) eastern
3.north(形容词) northern 4. push (反义词) pull
5.sadly(形容词) sad (名词) sadness 6. crowd (形容词) crowded
（二）重点词组:
1.make a plan 拟定计划
2. make sure 确信，确保
3. come along with 和……一起来
4. at the foot of 在……的脚下
5. be surprised at 对……感到惊奇
6. be satisfied with 对……感到满意
7. out of sight 看不见
8. step on one’s toes 踩着某人的脚
9. can’t help doing sth 忍不住做某事
10. spread over 分布于
11.rush out 冲出去
12.raise one’s head 抬头
13.ask sb for help 向某人求助
14.thank goodness 谢天谢地
二． 重点句型及重点语言点
1. While you were enjoying your trip, I was busy preparing for my exams.当你在旅行时， 我正忙于准备考试。
(1)be busy doing sth,/ be busy with sth 忙于做某事
I’m busy preparing for my birthday party these days.
(2)while 当……时候，引导时间状语从句。当一个动作在正在进行时，另一个动作也同时进行。While my mother was cooking , I was watching TV.
2.Would you help me plan a trip ? 请你帮我定个旅行计划好吗？
Would you 比will you 语气更加客气，委婉, 类似还有could you
Could you come along with us ?
3. They surveyed the area to make sure their tombs faced south and had mountains at the back. 他们仔细勘测了整个区域，确保这些陵墓是坐北朝南，而且在背后有群山环绕。
make sure 确信，确保 Make sure all the windows are closed before you leave.
4.It’s about two and a half hours by bike. 骑自行车大约要2个半小时。
Two and a half hours = two hours and a half
5.It’s to the east of Yongling. 它在永陵的东面。
to the +方位词+of (表示互不接壤) Japan is to the east of China.
on the +方位词+of (表示相互接壤)Fujian is on the south of Zhejang .
in the +方位词+of 表示在某一范围内的地区 Beijing is in the north of China.
6.They walked into Dingling and were surprised at the wonders. 他们走进定陵，对那里的奇观感到很惊奇。
be surprised at 对……感到很惊奇 He is surprised at dragons.
be surprised to do sth 惊奇地做某事 She was surprised to find she was lost.
7.…so they had to look for space to park their bikes 他们不得不寻找停自行车的地方
space 空间 Can you make space for this old man ?
8. While the crowd was pushing him in different directions, someone stepped on his toes.
当人群从四面八方挤来时，有人踩了他的脚。
in one’s direction 朝着某人的方向 step on one’s toes踩了某人的脚
step on sth 踩某物 Don’t step on the flowers and grass.
9.When he finally rushed out of the crowd, he noticed his friends were both out of sight.
当他最后冲出人群时，他注意到他的两个朋友都不见了。
notice sb do sth 注意某人做了某事 notice sb doing sth注意某人正在做某事
10. As soon as the three boys saw each other, they all jumped up happily.
三个男孩一见面，就高兴得跳了起来。
as soon as 引导时间状语从句 意为“一……就”
He left as soon as he heard the news.
I’ll tell him as soon as I see him.
11.He didn’t raise his head until someone called his name. 直到有人喊他的名字，他才抬起头。 not …until 直到……才
12.They were so lovely that we couldn’t help playing with them.
它们太可爱了，我们禁不住和它们一起玩。
can’t help doing sth 忍不住做某事 When I heard the funny news, I couldn’t help laughing.
13. I am satisfied with everything in China. 我对在中国的一切感到满意。]
be satisfied with 对……感到满意 He is satisfied with my work.
14.. We even asked the guard for help. 我们甚至向保安寻求帮助。
ask sb for help 向某人求助 The lost boy asked the police for help.
三.重点语法 时间状语从句
1。引导词：
（1） when, while , as 当……时候. when 后可跟短暂性动词也可跟延续性动词；while 后跟延续性动词；as 多用于口语，强调同一时间，或一前一后。
The students were talking in the classroom when the teacher came in.
= While the students were talking in the classroom , the teacher came in. 学生在教室里谈话时，老师进来了。
Mother always sings as she cooks dinner for us. 妈妈总是边给我们做饭边唱歌。
（2）not … until 直到……才，主句谓语动词常用短暂性动词。
I won’t leave here until the rain stops.
He didn’t sleep until his mother came back home.
(3) after 在……之后，before 在……之前，as soon as 一……就
I went to sleep after I finished my homework..= I finished my homework before I went to sleep.
As soon as the bell rings , the students will go into the classroom.
2. 时态
（1）当主句为一般过去时时，从句常用过去的某种时态。
While I was doing my homework , the telephone rang.
(2)当主句的时态为一般将来时， 从句用一般现在时。
I will call you as soon as I get to Beijing.
本topic出现的句子有：
1.While you were enjoying your trip, I was busy preparing for my exams.
2.He didn’t raise his head until someone called his name.
3.While the crowd was pushing him in different directions, someone stepped on his toes.
.4. As soon as the three boys saw each other, they all jumped up happily.
5.After they rode their bikes for two and a half hours, Kangkanf , Michael and Darren arrived at the Ming Tombs.
6.As they were exploring happily, the crowd became larger and larger.
Topic3 Bicycles are popular with people
一、重点词汇：
（一）词形转换：
1. death (动词) die (形容词 )dead 2 slow (副词) slowly
3.crossing（动词）cross 介词） across 4. success（动词）succeed (形容词successful
5．Pain (形容词) painful 6. lead (名词) leader
7.final (副词) finally 8impossible (反义词) possible
9 courage （动词） encourage
（二）重点词组:
1．Slow down 减速
2. run into 撞到
3. avoid doing sth 避免 防止做某事
4. warn sb to do sth 警告/提醒某人做某事
5. ride into 进入 跻身于
6 get used to (doing) 习惯于做某事
7. a sharp turn 急转弯
8. be popular with 受……的欢迎
9. get a fine 处以罚金
10. go on doing sth 继续做某事
11. the way to success 成功之路
12. obey the traffic rules 遵守交通规则
13.break the traffic rules 违反交通规则
14. be afraid of doing sth 害怕做某事
15.be famous for 因……闻名
16. be in danger 处于危险中
17.after a while 一会儿
二． 重点句型及重点语言点
1．I think traffic in Beijing is crazy. 我认为北京的交通很拥堵。
traffic 是不可数名词
2. If people obey the traffic rules , there will be fewer accidents. 如果人们都遵守交通规则，交通事故将会减少。
If we break the traffic rules, it will be dangerous and we will get a fine.如果人们违反交通规则，将很危险，我们会受到处罚的。
这是if 引导条件状语从句，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。
3．I feel a little more confident. 我感到自信多了。
more confident 是比较级
4. It can help us save energy and avoid pollution. 这样可以节约能源以及避免空气污染。 avoid sth / doing sth 避免做某事
You should avoid making the mistake like that.
He ran into the wall to avoid hitting the truck.
5.Bicycles are popular with people. 自行车深受人们欢迎。
Be popular with 受……欢迎
6 It warns us to be more careful. Warn sb (not)to do sth 警告/提醒某人做某事
He warned her to keep silence. Warn sb about sth 提醒某人某事
7.Most people think bicycles are much safer than any other vehicle.大部分人认为自行车比其他交通工具要安全些。
8．.However, his way to success didn’t go well. 然而，他的成功之路并非一帆风顺。
The way to success 成功之路 success in doing sth 在……成功
I didn’t have much success in finding a job. 我找工作没什么结果。
9．Like the other challenges in his life, Lance faced it head-on. 像面对生命中其他挑战一样，兰斯迎头面对。
10．It seems impossible to beat him. 打败他似乎是不可能的。
beat sb 打败某人 win a game /match/ a gold medal
It seems +adj+to do sth 做某事似乎……
She always seems to be sad.
三.重点语法 条件状语从句
1.条件状语从句由if（如果），unless(除非)等 引导的，谓语动词常用一般现在时表示将来，主句用一般将来时。
主句 if从句
Will (must, should, may) 一般现在时
如：I won’t go if he doesn’t go .
We will pass the exam if we study hard.
We won’t pass the exam unless we study hard..
2. 祈使句+and/or 引导的结果句，祈使句在意义上相当于条件状语从句。
如：Hurry up, or you’ll be late.= If you don’t hurry up, you’ll be late.=You’ll be late unless you hurry up.
Study hard, and you will pass the exam.= If you study hard, you will pass the exam.
Ⅳ 八下英语外研版复习资料
疑问句型
What is this?
结构∶问句：What＋be 动词＋this（that…）？
答句：This（that…）＋be 动词＋a book（pen…）。
说明∶此句型意为“这（那）是什么？这（那）是书（钢笔…）”。what（什么）叫做“疑问词”，用于询问“事物”，通常放在句首，后接 be <动词>，再接<主词>，第一个字母 w要大写，句尾要加问号(?)，位置不可排错。
What is this? This is a chair. 这是什么？这是一张椅子。
What’s this? It’s a book. 这是什么？它是一本书。
What is that? That is a desk. 那是什么？那是一张书桌。
What are these?
结构∶问句：What are＋these／those…？
答句：These／Those are＋复数名词（＋s／es）。
说明∶<主词>与<动词>的形式要一致，is 后面接单数<名词>，are 后面要接复数<名词>。
What are these? These are books. 这些是什么？这些是书。
What are those? Those are cups. 那些是什么？那些是茶杯。
What are they? They are glasses. 它们是什么？它们是玻璃杯。
What are you?
结构∶问句：What＋be 动词＋主词（人）…？
答句：主词＋be 动词＋a student…。
说明∶此句型意为“你是做什么事情的？我是学生…”。疑问词 what 除了询问事物之外，还可用于询问“人的职业或身分”。be <动词>随<人称代名词>的变化而改变形态，如：I am，we are，you are，he is…。
What are you? I am a student. 你是做什么事情的？我是一名学生。
What is she? She is a teacher. 她是做什么事情的？她是一名教师。
Are you a ...?
结构∶问句：Be 动词（am，are，is）＋主词＋…？
肯定简答：Yes，主词＋am（are，is）。
否定简答：No，主词＋am（are，is）not。
说明∶在否定<简答句>中，<主词>和 am，is，are 可以缩写；在肯定<简答句>中则不可。
Is he a student? Yes, he is. (No, he isn’t.) 他是学生吗？是的，他是。（不，他不是。）
Are you a teacher? Yes, I am. (No, I’m not.) 你是教师吗？是的，我是。（不，我不是。）
Is that a clock? Yes, it is. (No, it isn’t.) 那是钟表吗？是的，它是。（不，它不是。）
What is your name?
结构∶问句：What＋is＋所有格＋name?
答句：所有格＋name＋is＋名字。
说明∶“my，your，his，her”为单数人称的<所有格>；<所有格>后面必接<名词>，即“<所有格>＋<名词>”；<所有格>不可与 a，an，this，that，these 或 those 紧接一起使用。
What is your name? My name is Sue. 你叫什么名字？我的名字叫苏。
What is his name? His name is John. 他叫什么名字？他的名字叫约翰。
What is her name? Her name is Jean. 她叫什么名字？她的名字叫珍。
Who is that ...?
结构∶问句：Who＋be 动词＋that＋形容词＋名词？
答句：That is＋名字。
说明∶Who 是<疑问代名词>，询问人的“姓名”或“关系”；将<形容词>直接放在<名词>前面，叫做“前位修饰”。
Who is that short boy? That is Bill. 那位矮男孩是谁？那位是比尔。
Who is that tall girl? That is Mary. 那位高女孩是谁？那位是玛丽。
Who is that fat man? He is my uncle. 那位胖男子是谁？那位是我叔叔。
Where is ...?
结构∶问句：Where＋be 动词（am，are，is）＋主词…？
答句：主词＋be 动词＋in the＋名词…。
说明∶问句是“Where ...?”，简答时可用<副词片语>“In／On the＋<名词>”。
Where is Sue? She is in her room. 苏在那里？她在她的房间里。
Where are your books? On the desk. 你的书在那里？在书桌上。
Where is your mother? She is in the kitchen. 你妈吗在哪里？她在厨房里。
Are you V-ing ...?
结构∶Am（Are，Is）＋主词＋现在分词…？
说明∶此句型意为“<主词>（人，物）正在…吗？”。这一<句型>转换的三要素是：be <动词>移到句首；改为大写；句尾用问号。
Is Mary sleeping? 玛丽正在睡觉吗？
Are you reading a book? 你正在看书吗？
Is the dog playing? 小狗正在玩耍吗？
What are you doing?
结构∶问句：What＋am（are，is）＋主词＋现在分词？
答句：主词＋am（are，is）＋现在分词…。
说明∶“<主词>（人）正在做什么？<主词>（人）正在…”。注意：<祈使句>的动词只能用原形，不可造<现在进行式>；表示“瞬间产生”的动作的<动词片语>，如 sit down，stand up，不可造<现在进行式>。
What am I doing? You are reading a book. 我正在做什么？ 你正在阅读一本书。
What are the girls doing? They are singing. 姑娘们正在做什么？ 她们在唱歌。
What is Bill writing? He is writing a letter. 比尔在写什么？ 他在写一封信。
How old are you?
结构∶问句：How old＋be 动词＋主词（某人）？
答句：主词（某人）＋be 动词＋year(s) old。
说明∶此句型意为“某人几岁？某人是…岁”。该句型中，<疑问词>要用 how，不可用 what；且 be <动词>（am，is，are）要和后面的<主词>(某人)配合；答句中的“year(s) old”可以省略。
How old are you? I am twelve (years old). 你几岁？我十二岁。
How old is your sister? She is thirteen years old. 你的姊妹几岁？她十三岁。
How old is John? He is one year old. 约翰几岁？他一岁。
What time is it?
结构∶问句：What time is it？
答句：It is＋数字＋o’clock。
说明∶此句型意为“现在是几点钟？现在是…点钟”。问句中 what 当<形容词>，修饰后面的<名词> time；time 当时间解时，只能用单数，不可用复数。
What time is it? It is ten o’clock. 现在是几点钟？现在是十点钟。
What time is it? It is six o’clock. 现在是几点钟？现在是六点钟。
What time is it? It is nine o’clock. 现在是几点钟？现在是九点钟。
Do you + V ...?
结构∶问句：Do／Does＋主词＋原形动词…？
肯定简答：Yes，主词＋do／does。
否定简答：No，主词＋don’t／doesn’t。
说明∶肯定句中，如有一般<动词>（speak，work，teach…），则在句首加<助动词> do 或 does，并将一般<动词>改为原形<动词>（不加s或es），即构成<疑问句>。
Do you speak English? Yes, I do. (No, I don’t.)
你讲英语吗？是的，我讲英语。（不，我不讲英语。）
Does she have a cat? Yes, she does. (No, she doesn’t.)
她有一只猫吗？是的，她有一只猫。（不，她没有一只猫。）
Do they work in office? Yes, they do. (No, they don’t.)
他们在办公室里工作吗？是的，他们在办公室里工作。（不，他们不在办公室里工作。）
What time do you + V ...?
结构∶问句：What time＋do／does＋主词＋原形动词…？
答句：主词（某人）＋一般动词…＋时间。
说明∶此句型意为“某人几点做某事？”<助动词> do 或 does 的选择依<主词>而定，若<主词>为第三人称单数，用 does；其它用 do。
What time do you get up? I usually get up at six. 你几点起床？我通常六点起床。
What time does he go to bed? He usually goes to bed at ten.他几点就寝？他通常十点就寝。
What time does your class begin? It begins at eight-ten.
你的课几点开始？八点十分开始。
What day is today?
结构∶问句：What day is today？
答句：It’s＋Sunday／Monday／…。
说明∶此句型意为“今天是星期几？今天是星期日／星期一／…。”it 可用于指“星期的名称”，但 this或 that 不可以；一星期七天的名称，都是<专有名词>，开头的首字母要大写，前面不加<冠词>。
What day is today? It’s Sunday. 今天是星期几？今天是星期日。
What day is today? It’s Wednesday. 今天是星期几？今天是星期三。
What day is today? It’s Saturday. 今天是星期几？今天是星期六。
How many N are there ...
结构∶问句：How many＋复数名词＋are there in／on＋名词？
答句：There is／are＋单数（复数）名词＋in／on＋名词。
说明∶此句型意为“在某处有多少…？在某处有…。”该句型中，many 修饰复数<名词>；又因本句型是 <疑问句>，故用 are there，不可用 there are。
How many seasons are there in a year? There are four seasons in a year.
一年有几个季节？ 一年有四季。
How many days are there in a week? There are seven days in a week.
一星期有几天？ 一星期有七天。
How many lessons are there in this book? There are twelve lessons in this book.
这本书里有几课？ 这本书里有十二课。
How many ... do you have?
结构∶问句：How many＋复数名词＋do／does＋主词＋have？
答句：主词＋have／has…＋复数名词＋…。
答句：主词＋don’t／doesn’t have…＋复数名词…。
说明∶“How many”后面接复数<可数名词>，复数<名词>的前面可用 many，a lot of，a few，some，few，any，no 等修饰。
How many books do you have? I have a lot of books. (I don’t have any books.)
你有几本书？ 我有许多书。（我没有书。）
How many sweaters do you have? I have three sweaters. (I don’t have any sweaters.)
你有几件毛衣？ 我有三件毛衣。（我没有毛衣。）
How many friends does she have? She has a lot of friends. (She doesn’t have many friends.)
她有几个朋友？ 她有许多朋友。（她没有许多朋友。）
How much ... do you have?
结构∶问句：How much＋单数不可数名词＋do／does＋主词＋have？
答句：主词＋have／has…＋单数不可数名词。
答句：主词＋don’t／doesn’t have…＋单数不可数名词。
说明∶“How much”后面接单数<不可数名词>，单数<不可数名词>前面可用 much， a little，some，little，any，no 等修饰。
How much tea does he have? He has a lot of tea. (He doesn’t have any tea.)
他有多少茶？ 他有很多茶。（他没有茶。）
How much homework do they have? They have a lot of homework. (They don’t have much homework.) 他们有多少家庭作业？ 他们有许多家庭作业。（他们没有许多家庭作业。）
How much fruit do they have? They have a lot of fruit. (They don’t have a lot of fruit.)
他们有多少水果？ 他们有许多水果。（他们没有许多水果。）
How much do(es) ... cost?
结构∶How much do（es）＋某物＋cost…？
说明∶此句型意为“某物值多少钱？”。how much 用来询问商品的价格。还可以写作：“How much＋ be <动词>＋某物？"。
How much does this computer cost? (=How much is this computer?)这部电脑值多少钱？
How much do the vegetables cost? 这些蔬菜值多少钱？
How much do the movie tickets cost? 这些电影票值多少钱？
Did ... V ...
结构∶Did＋主词＋原形动词＋…过去时间？
说明∶将肯定句中的过去式改为“Did＋原形<动词>”，并将 Did 放在句首，句尾用问号，即构成过去式的<疑问句>。
Did he clean the room yesterday? 他昨天打扫房间吗？
Did she wash the skirt yesterday? 她昨天洗这裙子吗？
Did your brother play in the park this morning? 你弟弟今天上午在公园玩耍吗？
Did he eat lunch yesterday? 他昨天吃午饭吗？
Did you see any elephants in the zoo last week? 上星期你在动物园里看到大象了吗？
Did Sue have her breakfast at eight? 苏在八点钟吃过早餐了吗？
Do you ever + V ...?
结构∶问句：Do／Does＋主词＋ever＋原形动词…？
答句：No，主词＋never＋一般动词（加s或es）…。
说明∶ever 通常用于<疑问句>，never 通常用于否定回答；never 也可放在句首，后接原形 <动词>，形成否定<祈使句>，如例句4。
Do you ever use a computer? No, I never use a computer.
你曾经使用电脑吗？不，我未曾使用过电脑。
Does Tom ever get up late? No, Tom never gets up late.
汤姆曾经晚起床吗？不，汤姆未曾晚起床过。
Does Sally ever play the piano? No, Sally never plays the piano.
萨莉曾经弹钢琴吗？不，萨莉未曾弹过钢琴。
Never be late for school, Bill. 比尔，上学绝不可迟到。
What year was he born in?
结构∶What date／year＋was／were＋主词＋born＋on／in？
说明∶此句型意为“你出生于几月几日（那一年）？”。born 是<原形动词> bear 的过去<分词>，在文法上当 <形容词>，前面常有 was 或 were；中文说“某人出生”，英语应说：“某人＋was／were born…”。
What year were you born in? 你出生于那一年？
What date was your mother born on? 你母亲出生于几月几日？
What month was your sister born in? 你妹妹出生于几月？
What will you do on ...?
结构∶What will／did＋主词＋do＋on＋时间？
说明∶此句型意为“某人在某时间将做什么？（未来式）某人在某时做了什么事？（过去式）”。指特定的日期（如几月几日）、星期几或星期几的早上（下午，晚上），要用介系词on。
What will you do on Teacher’s Day? 你在教师节将做什么事？
What will they do on Christmas Eve? 他们在圣诞夜将做什么事？
What will Helen do on her birthday? 海伦在她生日那天将做什么事？
What did John do on New Year’s Day? 约翰在元旦做了什么事？
What did Mary do on Youth Day? 玛丽在青年节做了什么事？
What did the suspect do on July ninth? 嫌疑犯在七月九日做了什么事情？
How do you + V ...?
结构∶问句：How＋do＋主词＋一般动词…？
答句：主词＋一般动词…＋情状副词。
说明∶How 是问情况的<疑问副词>，表示“怎样…？”。用于说明“状态或性质”的副词，称为 <情状副词>。当用来修饰<不及物动词>时，<情状副词>位于其后；当用来修饰<及物动词>时，<情状动词>位于<及物动词>的前面或后面。
How did you do your work? I did my work happily.
你怎样做你的工作？ 我很快乐地做了我的工作。
How did Mrs. Lin look at Mr. Lin? She looked at Mr. Lin coldly.
林太太怎样注视林先生？ 她冷漠地注视林先生。
How does Mr. Wang drive his taxi? He drives his taxi carefully.
王先生怎样驾驶他的计程车？ 他小心地驾驶他的计程车。
You are ..., aren’t you?
结构∶肯定句，＋否定式助动词＋主词？
说明∶这是一种反意<疑问句>，其结构特点是：第一部分是肯定式，第二部分就用否定式。直述句的<主词>是<名词>时，附加问句的<主词>要用<代名词>代替：it 代替 this， that，<不定词>(当<主词>)或<动名词>(当<主词>)等；they 代替 these，those， people 等。下列<助动词>的否定缩写式较易弄错：will not－>won’t；would not－> wouldn’t；should not－>shouldn’t；can not－>can’t；could not－>couldn’t； might not－>mightn’t；ought not－>oughtn’t。直述句有一般<动词>现在式，则附加问句用 do 或 does 代替；有一般<动词>过去式，则附加问句用 did 代替。
They’re ready, aren’t they?（读降调）他们准备好了吧？（读升调）他们准备好了，不是吗？
Mike has a car, doesn’t he?（读降调）麦克有辆车，是吧？（读升调）麦克有辆车，不是吗？
The secretary typed the letter, didn’t she? 是秘书打了这封信，不是吗？
They will go to Europe, won’t they? 他们将去欧洲，不是吗？
You are the teacher, aren’t you? 你就是老师，不是吗？
I suppose you have been in our woods, haven’t you?我推想你在我们的森林里呆过，不是吗？
I know he had a good time last night, didn’t he? 我知道他昨天晚上玩得很愉快，不是吗？
The wall plug is broken, isn’t it? 墙上的插座坏了，不是吗？
Clean parks are beautiful, aren’t they? 干净的公园是美丽的，不是吗？
You can do it, can’t you? 你会做它，不是吗？
We should rise early, shouldn’t we? 我们应该早起，不是吗？
He isn’t ..., is he?
结构∶否定句，＋肯定式助动词＋主词？
说明∶这是另一种反意<疑问句>。否定结构在第一部分，第二部分就要用肯定结构。对反意<疑问句>的回答和对否定式一般<疑问句>一样，要看答句。
He isn’t a manager, is he? －- Yes, he is. (No, he isn’t.)
他不是经理，是吧？－－不，他是经理。（是的，他不是经理。）
Mike doesn’t have a car, does he? 麦克没有车，是吗？
The secretary didn’t type the letter, did she? 秘书没有打过这封信，是吗？
They won’t go to Europe, will they? 他们不会去欧洲，是吗？
You aren’t the teacher, are you? 你不是老师，是吗？
I don’t think he can answer the question, can he? 我想他无法回答这个问题，是吗？
What in the world ...?
结构∶疑问词＋in the world／on earth／ever＋其他
说明∶此句型意为“究竟…？到底…？”。这是特殊<疑问句>的强调说法。in the world，on earth 和 ever是强调疑问词的<片语>。
How in the world will he do it? 他到底将如何做这件事？
What in the world do you mean? 你的意思究竟是什么？
How on earth did you know it? 你到底是怎么知道的？
Who on earth told you that? 那件事究竟是谁告诉你的？
Where ever did you lose it? 你到底在哪儿丢的呀？
What in the world are they hoping for? 他们到底想要什么？
Are you ... or ...?
结构∶一般疑问句（读升调）＋or＋一般疑问句（读降调）
说明∶此句型意为“是…还是…？"。这是选择<疑问句>，前面都是一般<疑问句>，后面的问句如与前面有相同的部分，都可以省略。
Ⅳ 八年级英语下册短语知识点集外研版第一单元测试题 在线等~~~~~
Unit 1 Will people have robots?
1. in the future 在将来
2. live to (be) … years old 活到……岁
3. in 100 years 一百年后
4. free time 空闲时间
5. talk about 谈论，谈及，谈到
6. high school 高中
7. computer programmer 电脑程序员
8. space station 太空站
9. fall in love with… 爱上……
10. go skating 去滑冰
11. be able to 能，会
12. on vacation 度假
13. the World Cup 世界杯
14. keep a pet pig 饲养一头宠物猪
15. job interview 工作面试
16. fly to 飞往
17. come true 实现，成为现实
18. see sb. do sth. 看见某人做了某事
19. one’s own … 某人自己的……
20. science fiction movies 科幻影片
21. help (sb.) with sth. 帮助（某人）做某事
22. hundreds of 数百，成百上千的
23. the same as 和……相同
24. wake up 醒来；唤醒
25. talk to/with 和……交谈
26. try to do sth. 试图做某事，尽力做某事
27. get bored 变得厌倦
28. over and over (again) 一次又一次，再三地
Ⅵ 八年级上外研版英语短语
初二上Follow me
Mole1
1 give you some advice
2 write emails message to each other
3 correct the mistakes
4 check your vocabulary
5 listen to the radio in English
6 translate every word
7 do some concerts
8 make some mistakes
9 have a pen fridens
10 ask for advice
11 ask for help
12 improve one’s English
13 start / have a conversation
14 take a deep breath
15 count the number English word
16 make a list
17 make friends with sb
18 play a few games
19 invite sb to do sth
20 practure speaking English
21 get good / bad marks
22 make an English study plan
23 choose the correct answer
24 help sb with / do sth
25 forget to do
forget doing
26 remember to do
remember doing
27 the correct spelling
28 the meaning of the new words
29 the Language Doctor
30 the three basic questions
31 a foreign teacher
32 British accents
33 Engish language sites
34 film in English
35 for example
36 English around you
37 in class
38 in your notebook
39 in her school orchestra
40 in the street
41 on pieces of paper
42 on the Internet
43 on China Radio International
44 in the passage
45 in your hometown
46 in the order
47 all the time
48 spoken Engish
49 be good / bad for
50 be good / bad at
Mole 1-2
1 have a dream
one’s dream come true
dream of / about doing sth
2 enter a competition
3 travel around the world
4 have / give a concert
5 show / take sb around
6 invite sb to visit sw
7 send sb sth
8 write a letter to sb
9 write down sb / sth
10 take photos of stone animals
11 stay with sb
12 match A and B
13 sound brillant / great
14 enjoy messages about life in Beijing
15 read today’s newspaper
16 climb the Great Wall
17 eat roost ck
18 try seafood
19 pick up sth
20 go abroad
21 take off
22 land safely at / in / on
23 ly to different places
24 live in another aountry
25 sell out
26 a fantastic holiday
27 a wonderful experience
28 travel brochure
29 on the west of the USA
30 again an again
31 test message
33 the prize of the ticket
34 the first prize
35 Back street Boys
36 Air China captain
37 Bye for now
38 Disneylnd theme park
39 entertainment programme
40 the Palace Museum
41 each year / every year
42 one day / someday
43 the house of my dreams
44 at the end
45 at the airport
46 in the cabin
47 in the seat
48 in Chinatown
49 in the hotel
50 in a concert
Mole 3
1 journey to space
2 spaceship / spacetravel
3 space shuttle
4 space station
5 space travel
6 space mission
7 China’s first unmaned space travel
8 model plane
9 millions of years
10 the latest news
11 a long way away
12 anyone famous
13 as tell as
as fast as
as good as
as ols as
14 so far
15 the srarts at night
16 life on Earth
17 in our solar system space travel
18 in the Milkey Way
19 in our Galaxy
20 in the universe
21 in space
22 on business
23 on the moon
24 on Mars
25 on other planets
26 beyond the Solar system
27 the lastest three years
28 discover no life on the Mars
29 send message back to Earth
30 work on the space
31 feel lonely
32 live alone
33 get its name farm
34 is named after
35 return safely
36 write back
37 keep it secret
38 go around the sun
39 travel around
40 move around
41 turn around
42 cirde around
Mole 4
1 a school for poor children
2 in fact
3 Project Hope
4 an eight-year-old boy
5 with the Help of
6 with the money
7 in China and abroad
8 a school with no electricity
9 because of
10 for 2 years = sine 2 years ago
11 get on well / badly with sb
12 hear about / of
13 drop out of school
14 stop going to school
15 pay + money for sth
16 pay sb + money + for sth
17 build schools and hospitals
18 train doctors and teachers
19 give 2.2 billion yuan
20 raise money for different project
21 grow fruit and coffee
22 a leafelt about the Hope School
23 ask sb for miney
24 take about ecation
25 describe life for poor family
26 point to / at
27 six point two
28 children and addtel
Mole 5
1 types of music
2 modern
3 classical
4 traditional
5 pop
6 folk music ( dance / song )
7 jazz / rock / techno / rap gospel music
8 bules / light / music
9 Chinese and western music
10 a fan of music / music fan
11 play all types of instruments
12 play the piano / violin / guitar
13 play the drum / trumpet / organ
14 play Erhu
play / write for a classical music
15 write music / songs
16 make records / films
17 led by a conctor
18 bring Chinese and weatern music together
19 describe China to the rest of the world
20 a group of musicians
21 pieces of music
22 family of musicians
23 make sb / sth + adj
24 keep sb / sth + adj
25 bring westernand Chinese music together
when to play quietly / loudly
26 write and play music for
27 have lots of hit records
28 get a part-time job
29 get his own TV show
30 get one’s messages
31 check information
32 go to his neigbourhood church together
33 buy one string a month
34 practise after school
35 go on holiday
36 hear the phone
37 show …… around
38 give concert
39 die yound
40 make sure
41 a city on the river Danube
42 in the right places
43 the centre of European classical music
44 the capital city of Austria
45 a large group of musicians
46 popular culture
47 the main inseruments
Mole 6
1 go / walk across the road / bridge / field
2 go walk through the forests
3 jump over the wall
4 ran past / by Alice
5 go to a tea party
6 have a farewell party
7 sea / hear / watch / notice / listen to
8 perfrom a story in class
9 lie in bed listening to music
10 smile at everyone
11 laugh at sb
12 have something / nothing to do
have notjing / something to do with
13 read a novel / a baak / a magazine
14 watch TV / football match
15 clap and cheer
Asventure stories
Famous stories
16 think of / about
17 get tired
18 get up
20 jump out of bed
21 take sth out of
22 try to find out
23 fall / go into a lauge hole
24 sit by the river
25 play with a ball
26 start reading alone
27 look into sth
28 come / get out again
29 make a daisy chain
30 make a just of famous English book
tell you the time
31 with out pictures or conversations
32 under the hedge
33 raddit with a pocket
34 a ribbit with pink eyes
35 nothing stange
36 something wrong
37 on the grass
38 in the garden
39 on one’s way to
40 ring the way
Mole 7
1 thank sb for sth
2 thanks for doing sth
3 say goodbye
4 say hello to each other
5 look people in the eye
6 the first time they meet
7miss sb very much
8 miss the early bus
9 find each other easily
10 go to the airport
11 make a strong impression on sb
12 have a feeling of cold
13 It’s polite to do sth
14 It’s rude to do sth
15 be angry with sb
16 angry at / about sth
17 be excited about
18 be proud of sb
19 can’t wait to do
20 introce sb to
21 hear from sb = reseive a letter from sb
22 shake hands with sb
23 see sb off
24 go to sw to meet sb
25 do sth wrong = make some mistake
26 recognise sb from
27 stire at sb
28 have a try = want to go
29 be afraid of sth
be afraid to do sth
be afraid that
30 get ready for
get ready to do
31 in informal situations
32 wear jeans and T-shirt
33 carry warm coat
34 so much food
35 some cholocate
Mole 8
1 on the right / left
2 in front of / behind
3 next to / near
4 in the middle / centre of
5 on / at / in the corner of
6 on the other side of
opposite
7 over there
8 between A and B
9 among
10 at the turning / crossing
11 at the traffic lights
12 at the square
13 at the station / bank
14 at the restaurant
15 at the flower shop
16 on a clear day
17 at the head of the aquare
18 at the end of the road
19 a museum with lots of famous paintings
20 the city’s oldest palace
21 the old fruit and vegetable market
22 around town
23 a map of London
24 on the map
25 the short tour of London
26 nine hurdred years old
27 the best way
28 street musicians
29 welcome to Beijing
30 go past the church
31 walk past past the church
31 walk past the station
32 get off / on …at the stop
33 turn right into
34 take the second turning on the left
35 go along the street
go straight ahead
go across the road
go through the forget
36 天安门广场
37紫禁城、故宫
38 中国历史博物馆
39 中国革命博物馆
40 毛主席纪念堂
41 人民大会堂
42 冬宫
43 白金汉宫
44 汉会大厦
45大本钟
46 伦敦眼
47 塔桥
48 伦敦塔
49 圣彼得大教堂
50 圣彼得堡
51 国家画廊
52 自由女神像
53 悉尼歌剧院
54 白宫
55瓦河
56 圣彼得桥
Mole 9
1 endangered animals
= animals indanger
2 nature research
3 WWF for Nature
4 for example
5 such as
6 as a result
7 if possible
8 the cause of the problem
9 for many different reasons
10 the symbol for
11 cut down forests
12 make a new plan
13 plant more bamboo
14 save and protect animals
15 take away the land ( forests )
16 design a poster
17 give an example
18 live in peace
19 become rare
20 mainly live on bamboo
21 protect the animals better
22 stop killing
23 kill the animals for their meat and sin
24 stop sb from doing sth
25 do some research of sth
26 provide sth for
27 pollute environment
28 have on food to eat
29 have enough land to live on
30 be excited to do sth
31 something safe
32 born in the zoo
33 orange and black
34 long and thin
35 tiger’s cousin
36 more and more
37 a long way to go
38 in the wild
39 in the sea / ocean
40 in Southwest China
41 too … to
not … enough
so … that
Mole 10
1 in the twentieth century
in the 20th century
2 one day
someday / some day
3 too … to
4 as well as / too / also
5 not especially
6 almost improssible
7 on idea
8 be famous for
be known for
9 be full of
be filled with
10 be named a “People Artist ”
be named a “Gteat Master of Language ”
11 the centure of the neighbourhood
12 folk music
13 the South of Music
14 at the Teacher’s School
15 Great Teacher 600 BC-200 BC
16 Anti Japanese War
17 the Qing Dynasty
18 places of interest
19 sth special
20 main thing
21 between … and …
22 say goodbye to
23 say sorry to
24 say hello to
25 take an interest in
26 become interest in
27 give sb a warn / wonderful welcom
28 fall in love with sb
29 tell a story of
30 take place / happen
31 decide to stay longer
32 worry about / be worried about
33 offer to do sth
34 try to understand the word
35 agree with sb
36 agree on
37 see the centre as the neighbourhood
38 take good of / look after sbwell
39 see … as
regard as
Mole11
1 from time to time
2 from beginning to end
3 from morning to end
4 from side to side
5 at the / this moment
6 freezing cold / really cold
7 sound great
8 be dark all day
9 be quite windy / sunny / rainy
10 get cooler and cooler
11 compared to / with
12 depend on
13 dring an umbrella with you
14 buy a good map
15 pay much for sth
16 stay in a hotel
17 take a shower
18 be + off + to + sw
= be kaving for + sw
= be going to
19 change quickil
20 choose sth carefully
21 walk in the countryside
22 want to travel
23 take photos of autumn leaves
24 find our way to …
25 best of all
26 first of all
27 British Tourist Office
28 Spring Festival
29 be 2 kilometres away
30 had better do sth
31 be pleased to do
32 be pleasant to do
33 be a good idea to do
34 be the best time to do
35 It’s possible that…
36 It’s possible for sb to do sth
37 Sth / sb + will probably / possible + V
38 It’s great fun to do sth
39 It may be / must be / can be
40 It can’t
Mole 12
1 traditional life
2 baseball cap
3 chess set
4 a Chinese family
5 same foreign guests
6 first name / given name
7 last name / family name
8 waste bin
9 at meals
10 at thedinning table
11 at the tables
12 at Spring Festival
13 at the party
14 on the pavement
15 here and there
16 in time
17 on time 18 in red paper
19 with a pen
20 for the first time
21 for example
22 on the first day of the
23 leave China with a posspart
24 sings around the world
25 be different from
26 stop chatting
27 try one’s best
28 do some / the cleaning / washing
do some / the reading / running
29 drop litter
30 cut one’s hair
31 accept a present
32 give sb a present
33 hear from sb
= receive a letter from sb
= give a letter from sb
34 take off
35 can’t wait to do
36 look up … in …
37 shake hands with sb
38 drink tea with milk
39 see / hear sb do / doing
notice / watch sb do doing
40 a pair of chopsticks/ glasses
a pair of trousers / shoes / jeans / shorts / pants/ stockings / glove
41 get a move on
just wait and see
hang on
have a wedding
clean up bedroom
42 It’s bad / good luck
够了吧