必修七英语第一单元语法

⑴ 新教材英语书七下第一单元重点语法

Unit 1 Where’s your pen pal from?
一．短语： 1 ．be from = come from 来自于---- 2． live in 居住在--- 3． on weekends 在周末 4 ．write to sb = write a letter to sb 给某人写信；写信给某人 5 ．in the world 在世界上 in China 在中国 6．pen pal 笔友 14 years old 14岁 favorite subject 最喜欢的科目 7．the United States 美国 the United Kingdom 英国 New York 纽约 8．speak English 讲英语 like and dislike 爱憎 9．go to the movies 去看电影 play sports 做运动
二．重点句式： 1 Where’s your pen pal from? = Where does your pen pal from/ 2 Where does he live? 3 What language(s) does he speak? 4 I want a pen pal in China. 5 I can speak English and a little French. 6 Please write and tell me about yourself. 7 Can you write to me soon? 8 I like going to the movies with my friends and playing sports.
三．本单元的国家，人民、语言对应。 1 Canada---- Canadian---- English / French 2 France------ French------French 3 Japan------Japanese----Japanese 4 Australia----Australian----- English 5 the United States------ American---- English 6 the United Kingdom---British----- Enghish

⑵ 高中英语必修七的第一单元和第二单元的单词

给你个网址自己看好吗。。。
http://wenku..com/view/a567a963ddccda38376baf4d.html

⑶ 普通高中英语选修七第一单元阅读理解所涉及到的所有语法知识及全文翻译能发一下吗

⑷ 七年级下册英语新目标的第一单元的语法点

Ⅰ. 教材回眸

◆ 知识要点回顾 ◆

1 . Could you … ? （你 / 你们……好吗？）句型多用来表示请求，这里的 could 比 can 语气更加委婉、客气和有礼貌，肯定回答多为：OK / All right ! / Certainly ! / Of course . 否定回答常是：Sorry , I / we can’t . （不用couldn’t ）。如：

—Could you lend me your dictionary ?

—Of course .

2 . one 不仅可用作基数词表“一”之意，也能用作代词替代前面所提可数名词中的“一个”或代指“任何人”。例：

1 ) One and two is three . 一加二等于三。

2 ) I don’t have pens . Please give one to me . 我没有钢笔，请给我一支。

3 ) One must love one’s country . 任何人都必须爱国。

3 . You’re welcome . 用来回答对方的感谢时，相当于That’s OK . / that’s all right . / Not at all .。如：

—Thank you very much .

— You’re welcome .

4 . too 这个副词作“太”讲时通常修饰形容词或副词（放在其前）；作“也”讲时多位于句尾（其前用逗号隔开）。例：

1）Your bag is too big . 你的包太大。

2）Your bag is big , too .你的包也大。

5 . 当名词前有定冠词、指示代词和物主代词修饰时，all 习惯上放在这些限定词之前。例：all my books（我所有的书）。

6 . the other 通常表示两者（部分）中的“另外那个（些）”，而不带定冠词的 other 多用来泛指“另一些”。试比较：

1 ) The twins are English . One is Lucy , the other is Lily . 这对双胞胎是英国人，一个叫露西，另一个叫莉莉。

2 ) I have many friends . Some are teachers , others are police men . 我有很多朋友，一些是教师，另一些是警察。

7 . socks , shoes , trousers , glasses（眼镜）等表示两部分构成的整体东西的名词习惯上用复数形式，如果指“一双（副）”，应用a pair of 短语修饰。例：

a pair of socks（一双短袜），a pair of glasses（一副眼镜）等。

A pair of shoes is under the bed .

8 . 当询问“某人（物）怎么啦？”时，句型常用 What’s wrong with … ? 这里的疑问词 what 不可受汉语的影响误用 how 。例：

—What’s wrong with your kite ? 你的风筝怎么啦？

—It’s broken .它坏了。

9 . worry 作及物动词用时其后习惯上只接人作宾语，意为“使……担心”；worry 用作不及物动词其后能接人或物作宾语，但必须用介词 about ，意为“担心……”。例：

1 ) These apples worry me . 这些苹果使我担心。

2 ) Don’t worry about my lessons . 别担心我的功课。

10 . tea , milk , bread , water , meat , rice 等物质名词均为不可数名词，此类名词无复数形式，其前不可用不定冠词、基数词、指示代词等直接修饰，若表示它们的数量，其前必须加“计量名词 + of ”短语。例：a bottle of orange（一瓶桔汁），two cups of tea（两杯茶）。

但是常可以用：two cups of tea = two teas 两杯茶

11 . It’s time … 句型后接名词或代词时要用 for（介词），后接动词必须用 to（不定式符号），这里的主语 it 不可换用另的代词，且 time 前习惯上不用冠词。例：

1 ) It’s time for class . 该上课了。

2 ) It’s time to play games . 是做游戏的时候了。

注意：It is time for sb to do 该某人干……

12 . something to eat (drink ) 意为“吃（喝）的东西”，to eat ( drink ) 为不定式作后置定语修饰不定代词 something 。例：

We have something to eat now . 现在我们有东西吃。

Ⅱ. 典题赏析

◆ 交际能力与测试指要 ◆

（1）根据所设情景选择最佳答案。如：

1 . — ______ ? — It’s eight thirty .

A . How old is your sister B . What class are you in

C . What’s the time , please D . What number is your car

2 . 当你有事想问别人，应先说声：______ .

A . Excuse me B . I’m sorry C . Hello D . OK

（2）根据对话情景，补全对话。如：

Kate : Hi , Jim . ( 1 ) ?

Jim : Fine , thank you . And you ?

Kate : I’m fine , too . ( 2 ) ?

Jim : Very well , thanks

Kate : ( 3 ) ?

Jim : Class Four .

Kate : ( 4 ) ?

Jim : Room Five .

Kate : Oh , I see .

A . Which is here classroom B . How is your sister

C . How are you today D . What class is she in

解答“情景交际”题首先要清楚所设的情景是哪一类交际项目；其次要清楚在哪种情景下该说什么话，该如何表达自己的思想；还要清楚上下文情景的关系。

具体题还要具体对待。上面题型（1）中的第2小题，直接选A就行了。而第1小题就必须先辨别A、B、C、D四个选项各是什么意思，然后看答句的表达形式，才能依据交际常识判断是C。第（2）小题的一组对话设计了四个问句，这样的题则要根据上下文的内容和交际习惯，与对话一一对应。

选完后一定要默默读上两遍，细心体会一下语感，认真检查一下有无疏漏，最后确定。如果试题有图片，要善于利用图片上的信息，帮助答题，要善于从情景中悟出“天机”。

◆ 交际英语讲练 ◆

※ 问候 ( Greetings )

⑸ 7B英语第一单元语法点

unit 1
Where is your pen pal from？——He's from Australia.
Where is John's pen pal from?——He's from Japan.
Where does he live?——He lives in Paris.
What language does she speak?——She speaks English.

新目标七年级(下)英语语法练习

[size=1]一般现在时态练习
1．This is my pencil ? (变一般疑问 句) your pencil ?
2. These red socks are Kate’s . (变一般疑问句) socks Kate’s ?
3. I want to buy a big green bag . (变特殊疑问句) you want to buy ?
h5A 4. Mary does not have any books . (变肯定句)Mary books .
5. The clothing shop is on sale . (变为否定句)
6. She likes the black bag very much . (变为否定句)
7. I buy the pants for only 50 Yuan. (用she改写句子)
the pants for only 50 Yuan.
8. It’s an English dictionary . (对画线部分提问)
9. Lily and Lucy are fifteen years old now . (对画线部分提问) Lily and Lucy ?
10. Her dog is 2 years and 5 months old . (变为否定句) Her dog 2 years and 5 months old .
二．用be动词的适当形式填空。
1. I a student . You a teacher . 2. She my friend.
3. you Li Fen ? No, not . 4. Mr. green very busy?Yes , he .
5. He must at home . 6. Comedy very interesting .
7. thrillers very scary ? 8. You and I good friends .
9. His friends very funny 10. The twins very happy because they want to go to a movie .11. The girl in red clothes my sister .
三．用所给动词的适当形式填空。
1. People usually (eat) dinner in the evening .
2. His sister usually (go) to school at 7:00 am .
3. Lin Tao (like) his new sweater .
4. Let me (have) a look .
5. he (like) English ?
6. I want (go) to a movie .
7. He (not know)the teacher’s name
8. Can I (ask) the policeman ?.
9. She likes (play) chess .
10. It’s time (play) games .
现在进行时态
一.用所给动词的适当形式填空.
1.Look! The cat____________(run)up the tree
2.The twins__________(have)breakfast.
3.----___he ________(clean) the blackboard? ----No,he isn’t. `
4.Tom__________(play)the piano in the room.Please ask him to come here
5.Listen! They____________(sing)in the classroom.
二.选择填空.
1.My mother is _____TV.
A.looking at B.seeing C.reading D.watching
2.---____you ____a book? ---Yes,I am.
A.Do,read B.Are ,read C.Are ,reading D.Are ,looking
3.Kate _____,the others _____.
A.sing,listen B.is singing,is listening C.sing,are listeningD.is singing,are listening
4.I ___my eraser,but I can’t ______ it.
C A.look for ,finding B.am finding,look for C.am looking for,find D.find,look for )
三.句型转换
1.I am watering the flowers.(否定句)
2.She’s jumping now.(一般疑问句)
3.The boys are playing cards.(划线提问)
4.He is doing his homework.(复数句)
四、翻译句子
1.我们正在看电视. 2.他们正在打扫教室.
3.汤姆正在吃早饭. 4.那对双胞胎正在睡觉
5.男孩子们正在踢足球. 6.她正在铺床.
7.我正在玩电脑游戏. 8.你们正在听音乐吗?
过去时态
一、改写句子：
1、Lucy did her homework at home.（改否定句）
Lucy _______ _______ her homework at home.
2、He found some meat in the fridge.（变一般疑问句)
______ he _____ ______ meat in the fridge?
3、She stayed there for a week.（对划线部分提问）
______ ______ _____ she _____ there?
4、There was some orange in the cup.（变一般疑问句)
_____ there _____ orange in the cup?
语法复习练习
单项选择单项选择
1. ---How many ________ in the tree? ---There are two.
A. bird are ther B. birds is ther C. birds are there D.birds are their.
2. Mr Smith can speak ________ Chinese, but not ________.
A. some; muchB. a little; manC. some; any D. little; much
3. ---Thanks a lot. ---_________.
A. You are right B. That’s right C. That’s all right D. All right
4. ---________ skirt is this? ---It’s ___________.
A.Who’s;Lucy B.Whose;Lucy'sC.What;LucyD. Which; Lucy’s
5. There are many apples on the table. Please give me some big _________.
A. appl B. one C. ones D. the apples
6. Mr Johnson usually goes to the hospital ________.
A. by his car B. by the black carC. by car D. by the new car
7. Does your brother play ping-pong __________?
A. on every afternoon B. every afternoon
C. in every afternoon D. at every afternoon
8. ________ do you usually come to school?
A. How B. What C. Which D. How much
9. Are we all in _________?
A.the same clasB.sameclassC. the same classesD. same classes
10. ---Don’t you usually come to school by bike?
---_________. But I sometimes walk.
A. Yes, I do B. No, I don’t C. Yes, I do D. No, I don’
11. Susan likes _______.
A. singing B. sing C. sings D. sang
12. Some of ______ can speak English.
A. them B. theirs C. they D. their
13. What ____ Tom and his mother like ?
A. does B. do C. is D. are
14. Where _____ your English teacher from?
A. does B. is C. do D. are
15. Tom can ______ some vegetables at the market.
A. buys B. buying C. buy D. to buy
16. Kate _____ Chinese ______ Monday.
A. have, on B. has, in C. has, on D. there is,
17. A bakery _____ cakes and bread.
A. sell B. buying C. buy D. sells
18. What’s your hobby? My hobby is ______ model plane.
A. makeing B. make C. making D. made
19. Please fill _____ the form.
A. in B. on C. to. D. with
20. The first class _______ at 8:00 am .
A. begin B. is begin C. begins D. is beginning
21. ---_______ is the school library?
---It’s next to the playground.
A. What B. Where C. How D. When
22. Is there a bank _______ your neighborhood?
A. in B. on C. with D. to
23. It’s interesting to take a walk through the _________.
A. hospital B. library C. park D. river
24. ---It’s a place to get money. What is it?
---It’s a _______.
A. hotel B. bank C. home D. park
25. ---Is there a library near where you live? --____________.
A. Yes, there is. B. No, there is. C. Yes, it is. D. No, it isn’t
26. ---What is the opposite of clean?
---________.
A. Small B. Dirty C. Large D. Busy
27. Which kind of animals have long legs and neck?
A. Pandas B. Penguins C. Giraffes. D. do
28. Do you ever play _________ pandas?
A. with B. to C. and D. or
29. He’d like ________ on a vacation.-S1o
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A. go B. to go C. going D. wentv9Q9g5Cy7I-ayV
30. Is there _______ in today’s newspaper?0p {yhb/D"}!~
A. important something B. everything important
Dw m'[F/F8H C. anything important D. important anything,U9{1^5Q Y4o
31. Her mother is ________ English teacher. She works in our school.
4N C+]m-bx%P e A. a B. the C. an D. /
!]ex5}/U7BR4n)A 32. They are going to help some farmers ___________ their work.B _\QebL9a2k
A. for B. at C. with D. toL8N,A!S T a RO L
33. _______ your uncle __________ his work?r`XB"U^4m
A. Is, like B. Does, like C. Does, likes D. Do, likes P"ZQP5x
34. Young people like this season _____ it is good for sports.|5n\6x(bK&sJ.d
A. because B. so C. but D. and9Z;}F!m'A n;?c
35. I don’t have __________ read, but I’d like __________.
:V%r_X;J/K A. any, a few B. any, fewC. some, a little D. any, a littleh{~2k/`J
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36. ---Can’t you hear __________? ---No, I can hear ___________.
:@+]e7bfi A. anything, nothing B. anything, anything
WZ!Q/n'q&DN C. something, nothing D. something, something
]1U5Jv8dR.Q 37. ---Did you go to the park on Sunday morning?
}\6~^%WJ.K ---________, I went there in the afternoon.vDX2eN9j2D's
A. Yes B. No C. Sure D. Sorry
L#snhp%Kq 38. ---You look tired.-_S5BX4W8M"~w
---Oh, I studied _________ the math test.
)o K1D*t3Ej)}v A. on B. at C. for D. in
b'il8X? 39. I had a ________ weekend. I did a lot of things. How tired I am!"_0Fe
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A. free B. busy C. good D. bad1w5V3t.y"hm
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40. She often buys some CDs ___________ Sunday.2uWo*L9hj)LWy$k
A. at B. in C. on D. withi^3]aaW0Z
41. An old friend of my sister’s always helps my brother and _____
X8{"r|3OJ-I with _____ English.rs*q yT \#E2O6H
A. I, our B. me, our C. me, ourselves D. me, my
2J(|Ks(S y;?Ay 42. Wang Lin _______ very popular. He is the captain of the basketball team.
}7|$Qr?{Q7e A. is B. are C. has D. have
vv9f/V4}n6R/^i.]\ 43. She’s a little bit ________. She doesn’t like talking with others.t8^1y5n+yiy}b0T
A. heavy B. thin C. quiet D. nice
W ck$Sj ^ { 44. I have new image and nobody ________ me. B4iE7_E3S0c
A. see B. sees C. know D. knows}#tc(V WkG!G
45. Do you know the boy ______ the funny glasses.
D&e1yn pp A. on B. at C. with D. to
wXZB @#Q1L2HN,d&ft 46. Rita _______ long hair last week. But she has short hair now.!OgH0Y}
A. have B. has C. had D. having
d4j&d^+M0G 47. I don’t think he’s so great, but my mom _________.
]!D0VYX,N3H A. do B. does C. is D. are
/\?4aJ JJ{*es 48. Let’s _______. I want to buy a new T-shirt.4v*tY$m(?_p
A. go swimming B. go to the moviesC. go shopping D. go to the beach
y m)f TcS!v#w 49. My hat is black. It ________ a cat.
4l S;uH"|/^7GA"c A;t A. look like B. looks like C. like D. likes
.|'| RC3\!\X5J0vn 50. I like _______ chess. How about you?
o8D0eba ~ A. play B. playing C. plays D. playediK8b[ T m!B
51. I have a new pair of shoes. ________ black and white.xz(yrS)P"P
A. It is B. They are C. These are D. This is
(YKi v7`^_/o 52. I like _________ very much. They are from Australia.d SYR/T:cv c4n
A. pandas B. giraffes C. koala bears D. dolphins
/J/E"q?ra
G 53. What would you like _______ your pizza?SMbGzBT
A. on B. in C. from D. to6`(Cs5d3l:l(J Y
54. What is Mary like? She ________.
B n0l8l%} A. is medium height B. has curly hair
lJ
u(gt\ C. has a medium build D. is funny?7b5G;bgO }+Z-M
55. I don’t like _________ weather because it’s too cold.tPcp$j)Q/R/s5J
A. sunny B. snowy C. warm D. hot!K3N2`8L"l? f0W ]op
56. What will you do ________ vacation?-^+e JE2aX
A. on B. in C. to D. of
M EvrX9}(w 57. He _______ English very well.Y'G@Z3~9g(\H:\
A. tells B. talks C. speaks D. saysa4}(Jpd mfk
58. Tony is always late ________ school because he gets up ________ 7:00.
+}&k8X
go e"kI^;X"\ A. at, for B. at, at C. for, at D. for, forVN p;qd uVm
59. I like fried chicken so I always think it is _________.
{n9F"| VS A. delicious B. expensive C. terrible D. cheap3qAWk#[^n2G
60. I broke my leg yesterday ______ I didn’t run for exercise in the morning.
Ms\D3]6g3A
A. or B. but C. because D. so1A |K@+[d n
61. He is friendly and most of his classmates like to discuss ______ him.(W~J+Ns
A. by B. on C. with D. and
3Wa0QR Y6H 62. ---Yesterday, I watched a movie Harry Potter. I don’t love it. How about you?n@fF0}
--- I do too B. I don’t too C. I don’t either D. I do either
#Ic~S IB4Bq 63. Tom studies at our school. He is a ________ boy.'V"~S+?t`
A. fifteen-year-old B. fifteen-years-old 9}9lEZ]N
C.fifteenyear old D. fifteen years old
"_
zcs8Y6q ^ 64. ---Do you like to watch Hero?
&Xf0m O.w2}!_ep;?lw ---Yes. I enjoy ________ action movies.
%W%K+_8bK@+C py` A. watch B. watches C. to watch D. watching)UMS`C@D
65. They don’t have to _____ their school uniforms.
~2`:Gd2k3A&Y A. dress B. have on C. wear D. put on
j3t'@Tw'o:t 66. Don’t watch TV _________ school nights.g c9a\l9f'u8pF
A. at B. in C. / D. on
#B/P;i
FM 67. We can’t ________ late for class.
#S k a$e[g A. arrive in B. arrive at C. get to D. arrive
Nu%l4Jvy 68. You can’t eat _____ outside.#l&D#y J]6^/VB\
A. at B. / C. in D. on"^c Gk{Nl+y
69. There are too _________ rules in the school.1vcs%X|7iM?
A. many B. much C. a lot of D. someh*s0j'ei
70. Be home ________ 8 o’clock on Saturday.
nd]~q J A. by B. to C. on D. in f5K{%T0VD
71. Students can’t _________ music in the hallways.!nREOr ]7T2w]
A. listen B. hear C. listen to D. hear to
dlL:s\0t/o/T| 72. ________ at ten o’clock in the evening.
Mm2R0r@j/Kb A. Go to bed B. Goes to bed C. Gets up D. Get up
;H gBKmj.~7F 73. A kid ______ breakfast every morning, because it’s good for his health.
QkR&T"D j6pGpv A. have to B. has to C. has to have D. has to has _Zi1\@R5U
74. Don’t go into the classroom without the _________.
6TL1yM:G},Z| Nny A. doctor B. assistant C. teacher D. clerk
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a 75. She _______ this book last week.
V,?Q5T a y A. read B. reads C. readed D. is reading+t0{@C v6M
76. When _______ your birthday? l
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A. is B. was C. were D. are
X;T6CV_/f"S:O6O$k 77. There are a lot of students in the classroom. Some are reading. ________ are writing.
r}R^Wj7u A. Other B. The other C. another D. Others
'@f6qnp\0e l 78. I have to leave here now. Can you take a photo _______ me?fPN'J[,CE
JV
A. with B. of C. by D. on
!F A(o"exv4bk3^ 79. 13. It’s very cold in this room. Why don’t you _________ your coat?
%g]0R#kvgg }1xA A. take off B. wear C. put on D. take to
$B @3Z nK+B }9e5?Z 80. --- Hello, ___________? ---This is Peter.
]8Et#P^)F A. What’s this?B. Who’s this? C. Who are you? D. What are you?

(没有这些符号的,我把这个网站给你)
http://www.songcao.com/bbs/archiver/?tid-225.html

⑹ 英语选修7运用第一单元所学的单词.短语和语法描述残疾人的生活写一篇日记.各位学霸们帮帮忙.谢谢了.

ghjyt12388 8';pok'['ol' u

⑺ 高中必修一第一单元英语语法

直间接引语的相互转换。
“I don't want to set down a series of facts in a diary,”said Anne.直接引语
Anne said that she didn't want to set down a series of facts in a diary.间接引语
“Does a friend always have to be a person?”the writer asks us.
The writer asks us if a friend always has to be a person.
人称的变化回
时态的变化
疑问句的变化
亲：答高老师祝你学习进步，每天都开心V_V！
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⑻ 英语选修七第一单元单词

选修7 英语单词
Unit 1
disability n. 伤残；无力；无能 disabled adj.伤残的hearing n. 听力；听觉eyesight n. 视力△syndrome n. 综合病征；综合症状△infantile paralysis 小儿麻痹△Rosalyn n. 罗莎琳（女名）lap n. 跑道的一圈；重叠部分；（人坐着时）大腿的上方ambition n. 雄心；野心 ambitious adj. 有雄心的；有野心的dictation n. 口授；听写（的文字）△Sally n. 萨利（女名）noisy n. 吵闹的；嘈杂的suitable adj. 适合的；适宜的entry n. 项目；进入；入口beneficial adj. 有益的；受益的△Marty 马蒂?菲尔丁in other words 换句话说clumsy adj. 笨拙的△bump vi. 碰撞；撞击outgoing adj. 外向的；友好的；外出的； 离开的 adapt vt. 使适应；改编 adapt to 适合bench n. 长凳cut out 切去；省略；停止（做某事）microscope n. 显微镜out of breath 上气不接下气absence n. 缺席；不在某处fellow adj. 同伴的；同类的 n.同伴；同志；伙伴annoy vt. 使……不悦；惹恼 annoyed adj. 颇为生气的 △annoyance n. 烦恼all in all 总而言之firm n. 公司 adj.结实的；坚固的；坚定的software n. 软件sit around 闲坐着as well as 和；也parrot n. 鹦鹉tank n. （盛液体、气体的）大容器；缸； 大桶tortoise n. 陆龟；龟in many ways 在很多方面psychology n. 心理（学） psychologically adv. 心理（学）地；精 神上地make fun of 取笑encouragement n. 鼓励；奖励conct n. 行为；品行 vt.指挥；管理；主持△mainstream n. 主流；主要倾向△fulfilling adj. 令人满意的；令人愉快的never mind 不必担心politics n. 政治（学）abolish vt. 废除；废止 △abolition n. 废除；废止resign vi. & vt. 辞职；辞去（工作、职位等）slavery n. 奴隶制literature n. 文学（作品）；著作；文献△Barry Minto 巴里?明托△Mount Kilimanjaro n. 气力马扎罗山（位于坦桑尼亚；非洲最高山）companion n. 同伴；伙伴assistance n. 协助；援助congratulate vt. 祝贺；庆贺 congratulation n. 祝贺；贺词bowling n. 保龄球graation n. 毕业；毕业典礼certificate n. 证书all the best （口语）（祝你）一切顺利architect n. 建筑师△Sanders n. 桑德斯（姓）adequate adj. 足够的；充分的access n. （接近的）方法；通路；可接 近性 accessible adj. 可接近的；可进入的； 可使用的△wheelchair n. 轮椅handy adj. 方便的；有用的△earphone n. 耳机△impair vt. 削弱；损伤row n. 一行；一排 vt . & vi.划（船）basement n. 地下室outwards adv. 向外exit n. 出口；离开；退场meet with 遇到；经历；会晤approval n. 赞成；认可dignity n. 尊严；高贵的品质profit n. 收益；利润；盈利△italics n.（pl） 斜体（字）community n. 社区；团体；社会

⑼ 高一英语必修一第一单元语法

直接引语与间接引语面面观（一）
在英语语言交际中，引述别人的话有两种方式：直接引语和间接引语。直接引语是直接引述别人的原话，在书面语中经常将其放在引号中。间接引语是用自己的话转述别人的话，无需加引号，在多数情况下间接引语可以构成宾语从句。接下来我们认识一下直接引语与间接引语：
1. MrsSmith said, “I am going to New Yorktomorrow.”（引号中的内容为直接引语）
2. MrsSmith said that she was going to New York the next day. （划线部分为间接引语）
细心的同学可能已经发现句1中的直接引语在变成句2中的间接引语时某些成分已经发生了变化，如: I变成了she, am变成了was, tomorrow则变成了the next day。在日常交际中，当我们需要在这两种引语之间转换时，究竟有什么规律可循呢？
首先，如果直接引语为陈述句、疑问句，变为间接引语时，就成为一个宾语从句，所以自然要符合宾语从句的语法要求。从句的一些共性特点是：一、陈述语序；二、恰当的连接词；三、时态要求。除此之外，直接引语变为间接引语仍有一些具体的语法要求，以下结合实例逐一解析。
一、人称的变化
将直接引语变为间接引语时，一定要注意人称的变化，否则会使整个句子意思混乱。观察下列几组句子中人称的变化，注意其变化规律。
1. She said, “My friends want to visit me.”→ She said her friends wanted to visither.
2. He said to Kate, “How is your work now?”→ He asked Kate how her work was then.
3. Tom said, “You’d better carry an umbrella just incase, Mary.”→ Tom said that Mary had better carryan umbrella just in case.
4. Mr Smith said, “Jack is a good worker.”→ Mr Smith said Jack was a good worker.
【自我归纳】人称变化须牢记：从一随主，从二随宾，从三人称不更新。
“从一随主”是指如果直接引语中的主语是第一人称时，从句中的人称变化要随主句中 ______的人称变化，如第1组例句。
“从二随宾”是指如果直接引语中的主语是第二人称时，从句中的人称变化要与主句中的______一致，如第2组例句；如果主句没有宾语，则需观察主句主语的交际对象，如第3组例句，此句中Tom的说话对象为______, 故间接引语中的主语变化为Mary。
“从三人称不更新”是指如果直接引语中的主语及宾语是第三人称时，从句中的人称一般______，如第4组例句。
二、时态的变化
直接引语变为间接引语时，从句的谓语动词在时态上要做相应的变化。具体变化如下：

直接引语

间接引语

一般现在时

一般过去时

一般将来时

过去将来时

现在进行时

过去进行时

现在完成时

过去完成时

一般过去时

过去完成时

过去完成时

过去完成时

【即学即练】根据以上原则完成下列句子。
1. She said, “I have lost my bike.”→ She said she ______ her bike.
2. She said, “We hope so.”→ She said they ______ so.
3. He said, “She will go to see her friend.”→ He said she ______ to see herfriend.
注意：在以下几种情况下，直接引语变为间接引语时，时态不变化。
1. 直接引语是客观事实、科学真理及名言警句时。如：The teacher said to us, “Light travels much fasterthan sound.”→ The teacher told us that lighttravels much faster than sound.
2. 直接引语是过去进行时，时态不变。如：Mother said, “John, what were you doingat 8 o’clock last night?”→ Mother asked John what he was doingat 8 o’clock the night before.
3. 如果直接引语中的情态动词无过去式（如：ought to, had better, usedto）或已经是过去式（如：could, should, would,might）时，则不再变化。如： He said, “You should come hereearlier tomorrow.”→ He said I should go thereearlier the next day.
4. 如一般过去时有表示具体时间的状语，也可以不变。如：She said, “I was born in 1995.”→ She said (that) she was born in1995.
三、状语及其他成分的变化
直接引语变为间接引语时，时间状语和地点状语也要做相应的变化。如: now → then；today → that day; tonight → that night；yesterday → the day before；tomorrow → the next day；last month → the month before等；地点状语here → there；指示代词this → that, these → those；动词come → go, bring → take等。
注意：以上这些变化要视情况而定，不能死搬教条，如果转述就在当天当地则不需要进行时间及地点的转换。
四、句型的变化
观察下列几组句子中直接引语和间接引语的转换中句型的变化规律，并试着总结归纳。
1. She said, “Our train will leave in severalminutes.”→ She said that their train wouldleave in several minutes.
2. He said, “Can you dance, Ted?”→ He asked Ted whether / if he coulddance.
3. “You have tidied your room, haven’t you?” my mother asked. → My mother asked mewhether I had tidied my room.
4. She asked me, “When will you start?”→ She asked me when I would start.
【自我归纳】
1. 直接引语如果是陈述句，间接引语应改为由______（可省略）引导的宾语从句。
2. 直接引语如果是反意疑问句或一般疑问句，间接引语应改为由______引导的宾语从句。
3. 直接引语如果是特殊疑问句，间接引语应改为由原来的疑问词引导的宾语从句。
【即学即练】阅读下列几组直接引语变为间接引语的句子，判断其正（T）误（F）并改正其中的错误。
1. “What did you do yesterday, Jenny?” said themother.
→ The mother asked Jenny what she haddone the day before.
2. The little kid said, “How can I get that toy?”
→ The little kid asked how could heget that toy.
3. He said, “The Olympic Games are held every fouryears.”
→ He said that the Olympic Games wereheld every four years.

Key:
一、【自我归纳】主语；宾语；Mary；不需要变化
二、【即学即练】 1. had lost 2.hoped 3. would go
四、【自我归纳】 1. that 2.whether / if
【即学即练】
1. T。
2. F。how could he改为how he could
3. F。were改为are