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英语初一一单元上学期语法句子

发布时间:2021-03-16 09:46:32

① 初一上学期英语语法总结。

1. 名词

名词可以分为专有名词(Proper Nouns)和普通名词 (Common Nouns),专有名词是某个(些)人,地方,机构等专有的名称,如Beijing,China等。普通名词是一类人或东西或是一个抽象概念的名词,如:book,sadness等。普通名词又可分为下面四类:
1)个体名词(Indivial Nouns):表示某类人或东西中的个体,如:gun。
2)集体名词(Collective Nouns):表示若干个个体组成的集合体,如:family。
3)物质名词(Material Nouns):表示无法分为个体的实物,如:air。
4)抽象名词(Abstract Nouns):表示动作、状态、品质、感情等抽象概念,如:work。
个体名词和集体名词可以用数目来计算,称为可数名词(Countable Nouns),物质名词和抽象名词一般无法用数目计算,称为不可数名词(Uncountable Nouns)。归纳一下,名词的分类可以下图表示:

_______________________________________
| |专有名词 | |
| 名 | | 个体名词 | |
| | | | 可数名词 |
| | | 集体名词 | |
| |普通名词 | | |
| 词 | | 物质名词 | |
| | | | 不可数名词|
| | | 抽象名词 | |

一般现在时的用法

1) 经常性或习惯性的动作,常与表示频腮度的时间状语连用。
时间状语: every…, sometimes, at…, on Sunday
I leave home for school at 7 every morning.

2) 客观真理,客观存在,科学事实。
The earth moves around the sun.
Shanghai lies in the east of China.
3) 表示格言或警句中。
Pride goes before a fall. 骄者必败。

注意:此用法如果出现在宾语从句中,即使主句是过去时,从句谓语也要用一般现在时。
例:Columbus proved that the earth is round..

4) 现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。
I don't want so much.
Ann Wang writes good English but does not speak well.
比较:Now I put the sugar in the cup.
I am doing my homework now.

第一句用一般现在时,用于操作演示或指导说明的示范性动作,表示言行的瞬间动作。再如:Now watch me, I switch on the current and stand back. 第二句中的now是进行时的标志,表示正在进行的动作的客观状况,所以后句用一般现在时。

名词复数的规则变化

___________________________________________________
情况 构成方法 读音 例词
__________________________________________________
一般情况 加 -s 1.清辅音后读/s/; map-maps
2.浊辅音和元音后 bag-bags
读 /z/; car-cars
___________________________________________________

以s,sh,ch,
x等结尾的词 加 -es 读 /iz/ bus-buses
watch-watches
___________________________________________________
以ce,se,ze,
(d)ge等结尾
的词 加 -s 读 /iz/ license-licenses
___________________________________________________
以辅音字母+y 变y 为i
结尾的词 再加es 读 /z/ baby---babies
___________________________________________________
人称代词的用法

1)人称代词的主格在句子中作主语或主语补语,例如:
John waited a while but eventually he went home.
约翰等了一会儿,最后他回家了。
John hoped the passenger would be Mary and indeed it was she.
约翰希望那位乘客是玛丽,还真是她。

说明:在复合句中,如果主句和从句主语相同,代词主语要用在从句中,名词主语用在主句中,例如:
When he arrived, John went straight to the bank.
约翰一到就直接去银行了。

2)人称代词的宾格在句子中作宾语或介词宾语,但在口语中也能作主语补语,第一人称在省略句中,还可以作主语,例如:
I saw her with them, at least, I thought it was her.
我看到她和他们在一起,至少我认为是她。(her做宾 语,them做介词宾语,her做主语补语)
a. -- Who broke the vase? --谁打碎了花瓶?
b. -- Me. --我。(me做主语补语= It's me.)

说明:在上面两例句中,her和me分别作主语补语。现代英语中多用宾格,在正式文体中这里应为she和I。
名词的格

在英语中有些名词可以加"'s"来表示所有关系,带这种词尾的名词形式称为该名词的所有格,如:a teacher's book。名词所有格的规则如下:
1) 单数名词词尾加"'s",复数名词词尾没有s,也要加"'s",如the boy's bag 男孩的书包,men's room 男厕所。
2) 若名词已有复数词尾-s ,只加"'",如:the workers' struggle 工人的斗争。
3) 凡不能加"'s"的名词,都可以用"名词+of +名词"的结构来表示所有关系,如:the title of the song 歌的名字。
4) 在表示店铺或教堂的名字或某人的家时,名词所有格的后面常常不出现它所修饰的名词,如:the barber's 理发店。
5) 如果两个名词并列,并且分别有's,则表示"分别有";只有一个's,则表示'共有'。
如:John's and Mary's room(两间) John and Mary's room(一间)
6) 复合名词或短语,'s 加在最后一个词的词尾。
如:a month or two's absence

② 初一英语上册 每单元的语法

七年级上册仁爱英语语法
● 冠词——a,an,the
1. a用于(辅音字母开头)的单数名词
2. an用于(元音字母开头)的单数名词
3. 上文提到的下文再提到用“the”
● 名词分为可数名词和不可数名词
1. 可数名词复数的加法:
a. 一般情况加“s”
b. 以“s,x,ch,sh”结尾的+es
c. 以“辅音字母加y”结尾的改:“y”为“i”加“es”
d. 以“fe”结尾的改“fe”为“v”加“es”
e. 不规则(man——men;foot——feet;mouse——mice;family——families;knife——knives)
2. 不可数名词用量词
例如:a bottle(s) of
● 名词所有格
1. 单数的加’s
2. 复数的加s’
3. 两人共有的. s’加在后一个上
4. 两人分别有的.各加’s(如Lucy’s and Lily’s bags.)
● 词组
1. Look after/like/the same/at + 名词
2. help yourself/yourselves to
3. be动词(am,is,are) + from
● 情态动词——must/can + 动词原形
● 介词(in,on,at)
1. 时间——
a. in morning/afternoon/evening
b. on Sunday/Monday/Tuesday
c. at + 点钟
2. 地点——
a. in a hospital/school
b. on a farm/the sofa
c. at school/home
● 代词(人称代词和物主代词)
1.人称代词分为主格和宾格
动词/介词 + 宾格
3. 物主代词分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词
形容词性物主代词 + 名词
注意:“I” 要放在后面!
例如:Kangkang and I are in the same class.(the same + 名词单数形式)

③ 初一上学期英语句子总汇

A: Hello. What’s your name? 你好,你叫什么名字?

B: My name’s Gina. 我叫Gina

A: I’m Jim. Nice to meet you. 我是Jim,很高兴见到你

B: Nice to meet you, too. 我也是

A: What’s your phone number? 你电话多少

B: My phone number is 281-9176. 我电话是281-9176

Unit 2
A: Excuse me, what’s this in English? 打扰一下,这个用英语怎么说?

B: It’s an eraser. 它是eraser(橡皮檫)

A: How do you spell it? 如何拼写

B: E-R-A-S-E-R. E-R-A-S-E-R

A: Is this your eraser? 是你的吗

B: No, it isn’t. It’s her eraser. 不是,是他的

Unit 3
A: This is Mary. 我是Mary

B: Is she your sister? 她是你妹妹吗

A: No, she isn’t. She is my friend. 不是,是我朋友

B: Are these your parents? 这是你父母吗

B: Yes, they are. 是的

Unit 4
A: Where’s my backpack? 我的背包呢

B; I don’t know. Is it under the table? 不知道,在桌子下吗?

A: No, it isn’t. It’s on the dresser. 不在,在化妆台上

A: Where are your keys? 你钥匙呢

B: They’re in the drawer. 在抽屉了

Unit 5
A: Let’s play soccer. 我们一起踢球吧

B: That sounds good. 不错

A: Do you have a soccer ball? 你有球吗

B: No, I don’t. 不知道

But I have two tennis rackets. 但是我有两个球拍

A: Well, let’s play tennis. 那我们打乒乓球吧

B: That sounds interesting. 很不错
Unit 6

A: What do you like for dinner? 想吃点什么

B: I like broccoli. 我喜欢椰菜

A: Do you like tomatoes? 要点西红柿吗

B: No, I don’t. 不

I don’t like tomatoes and carrots. 我不喜欢西红柿和胡萝卜

A: Does your father like carrots? 你爸喜欢胡萝卜吗

B: Yes, he does. 是的
Unit 7

A: Can I help you? 有什么帮忙的吗

B: Yes, please. I want a sweater 是的,我想要件衬衫

A: What color do you want? 什么颜色的

B: Blue. 蓝色

A: Here you are. 这里有

B: How much is it? 多少钱

A: 20 dollars. 20美元

B: I’ll take it. Thank you. 我要了,谢谢

A: You’re welcome. 不用谢

Unit 8
A: When is your birthday, John? 你生日几号

B: My birthday is March 21st./ 3月21

A: How old are you? 你多大了

B: I’m fifteen. 15

A: When is Tom’s birthday? Tom呢

B: His birthday is September 5th. 9月5

A: What events do you have at your school? 你学校都有什么活动

B: We have music festival, sports meeting, basketball game, and so on. 音乐节,运动会,篮球赛等等

A: Do you have a speech contest at your school? 你们学校有辩论赛吗

B: Yes, we do. 有

A: When is the speech contest? 什么时候

B: It’s April 19th. 4月19

A: Do you have an Art Festival? 有艺术节吗

B: No, we don’t. 没有
Unit 9

A: Do you want to go to a movie? 想去看电影吗

B: Yes, I do. 想

A: What kind of movies do you like? 想看什么类型的

B: I like comedies and action movies. 我喜欢戏剧和动作片

A: Do you like thrillers? 喜欢恐怖点的嘛

B: No, I don’t. 不

A: Why? 为什么

B: Because they are scary. 他们太吓人了

Unit 10

A: What club do you want to join? 你想加入什么俱乐部

B:I want to join the music club. 音乐俱乐部

A: Can you play the guitar? 会吉他吗

B: Yes, I can. 会

A: Can you play it well? 弹的好吗

B: No, I can’t. 不好
Unit 11

A: When do you usually take a shower? 你都什么时候洗一次澡

B: I usually take a shower in the evening. 晚上

A: What time do you take a shower? 几点钟

B: I take a shower at seven o’clock. 7点

A: What time does Tim go to bed? Tim几点睡觉

B: He usually goes to bed at around nine-thirty. 9点30左右

Unit 12

A: What’s your favorite subject? 你最喜欢什么科目

B: My favorite subject is art. 语文

A: Why do you like art? 为什么

B: Because it’s very interesting. 因为它有意思

A: Who is your art teacher? 你的语文老师是谁

B: My art teacher is Mrs. Jones. 是Jones女士

A: When do you have art lesson? 你们周几有语文课

B: I have art lesson on Wednesday. 周三有

英语精彩句子总汇
一、日常交际用语。
1.A:Good morning,class. 早上好,同学们。
B:Good morning,teacher. 早上好,老师。
2.A:Good afternoon. 下午好。
B:Good afternoon. 下午好。
3.A:Hello. 你好。
B:Hello. 你好。
4.A:Good-bye. 再见
B:Bye-bye./Bye. 再见。
5.A:See your later. 待会见。
B:See you. 待会见。
6.A:Nice/Glad to meet/see you. 很高兴见到你。
B:Nice/Glad to meet/see you,too. 也很高兴见到你。
7.A:Thank you very much. 非常感谢。
B:You're welcome. 不用谢。
That's all right./That's OK. 不用谢。
8.A:Sorry. 对不起。
B:That's all right./That's OK. 没关系。
9.A:Here you are. 给你。
B:Thank you. 谢谢。
10.A:Welcome to China. 欢迎来中国。
B:Thank you. 谢谢。
11.You must look after your clothes.你必须照看好你的衣服。
12.You are right/wrong. 你是对的/错的。
13.We must find Miss Gao. 我们必须找到高老师。
14.We must open the door and get the ball.
我们必须打开门把球拿到。
15.Sorry, I don't konw. 对不起,我不知道。
16.I think he's very old. 我想它年纪很大了。
17.It isn't mine. 它不是我的。
18.I think it's hers. 我想是她的。
19.It's time to go home/get up/have supper. 该回家/起床/吃晚餐了。
20.It's time for lunch/break. 该吃午餐了。/该下课了。
21.I don't have a watch. 我没有表。
22.I don't think so. 我不这样想。
23.It's very good. 非常好。
24.These/Those are my /his/her bags.
这/那些是我/他/她的包。
25.You look like Lucy's hat. 你看起来像露茜的帽子。
26.The twins look the same. 双胞胎看起来很像。
27.This is Mr./Mrs./Miss Brown. 这是布郎先生/女士/小姐。
28.Happy New Year! /Merry Christmas! 新年快乐!/圣诞快乐!
29.Happy birthday! 生日快乐!

二、祈使句。
30.Put our coats here. 把我们的外套放在这。
31.Look after them. 照顾他们。
32.Look at the blackboard. 看黑板。
33.This way,please. 请走这边。
34.Don't worry. 不要着急。
35.Quiet. 安静。
36.Stand up。 起立。
37.Sit down,please. 请坐。
38.Please have a seat.请坐。 Thanks.谢谢。
39.Ask that man over there. 问那边的那个男人。
40.Come and meet the family. 来见一见这家人。
41.Go and see. 去看看。
42.Come in,please. 请进。
43.Let's go. 我们走吧。
44.Let me help you find it. 让我帮你找到它。
45.Let me see.让我想想看。 That's it.那就是。
46.Let me have a look. 让我看一看。
47.Let's count them. 让我们数数。
48.Colour it green. 把它涂绿。
49.Come on. 快来。
50.Come in,please. 请进。
51.Put it/them on. 把它/它们穿上。
52.Give it to Mr. Hu. 把它给胡先生。
53.Get up. 起床。

三、否定句(包括一般疑问句、选择疑问句)
54.A:Is he/she at school today?他/她今天在学校吗?
B:Yes,he/she is.是的,他/她在。No,he/she isn't.不,他/她不在。
55.A:Is this/that/it a pen?这/那/它是只钢笔吗?
B:Yes,it is.是的,它是。No,it isn't.不,它不是。
56.A:Is everyone here today?每人都在这吗?
B:Yes.是的。No.Tom is not here.不是的。汤姆不在这。
57.A:Is your friend a boy or a girl?你朋友是男生还是女生。
B:A boy.男生。
58.A:Is that a pen or a pencil?那是支钢笔还是铅笔。
B:A pen.一只钢笔。
59.A:Are you in Row Two?你在第二排吗?
B:Yes,I am.是,我在。No,I am not.不,我不在。
60.A:Are we all here?我们都在吗?
B:Yes.是的。
No.Wei Hua and Liu Yin are not here.不,魏华和刘英没在这。
61.A:Excuse me.Are you Wei Hua?对不起打扰一下。你是魏华吗?
B:Yes,I am.是的,我是。No, I'm not.不,我不是。
62.A:Are these/those/they English books?这/那些/它们是英语书吗?
B:Yes, they are.是的。No,they aren't.不,不是的。
63.A:Can you spell it,please?你能把它拼写出来吗?
B:Yes, I can.是的,我能。No, I can't.不,我不能。

64.A:Can you guess?你能猜出来吗?
B:Yes, I can.是的,我能。No, I can't.不,我不能。
65.A:Can you help me?你能帮助我吗?
B:Sure.当然可以。
66.A:Can you see an orange?你能看见一个桔子吗?
B:Yes,I can.是的,我能。No,I can't.不我不能。
67,A:I can't find the broom.我找不到扫帚了。
Do you know?你知道吗?
B:Yes,I do.是的,我知道。No, I don't.不,我不知道。
68.A:Do they play football?他们踢足球吗?
B:Yes,they do.是的,他们踢。No,they don't.不,他们不踢。
69.A:Can't you see?你看不到吗?
B:Yes,I can.看得见。No,I can't.看不见。

四、特殊疑问句

70:A:What's your name?你叫什么名字?
B:My name is Li Lei. 我名叫李雷。 I'm Li Lei.我叫李雷。
71.A:What's his/its name?他/它叫什么名字?
B:His/Its name is Tom/Polly.他/它名字叫汤姆/凯特/波利。
72.A:What's this/that in English?这/那用英语怎么说?
B:It's a ruler.叫尺子。
73.A:What's one plus two?一加二等于几?
B:It's three.等于三。
74.A:What are these/those? 这/那些是什么?
B:They are kites.是风筝。
75.A:What can you see in the picture?你在图片中能看见什么?
B:I can see some Young Pioneers in it.我能看见里面有些少先队员。
76.A:What's the time?几点了?
B:It's four twenty.四点二十。
77.A:It's eight o five.八点过五分。
B:It's 4 a.m./p.m.上午/下午4点。
78.A:What time is it?几点了。
B:It's half past eight.八点半。Oh.it's time to watch TV.该看电视了。
B:It's twenty to nine.八点四十。
79.A:What class are you in?你在哪班?
B:I'm in Class 3, Grade 1.我在一年级三班。
I'm in No.4 Middle School.我在四中。
80.A:What about yours?你的怎么样?
B:Mine are purple.我的是紫色的。
81.A:What colour is that bird?那只鸟什么颜色?
B:It's green.绿色。
82.A:Who's this/that?这/那是谁。
B:Oh,good.哦,好的。This/That is Lily.这是莉莉。
83.A:Who's Lily?莉莉是谁?
B:She's Lucy's sister.她是露茜的姐妹。
84.A:Who's on ty today?今天谁值日?
B:Han Mei is. 韩梅。
85.A:Who's not here?谁没在这?
B:Liu Hai and Jim.刘海和吉姆。
86.A:Who am I?我是谁?
87.A:Whose clock is this? 这是谁的闹钟?
B:It's his. 是他的。
88.A:Whose is this clock?这是谁的闹钟?
B:It's his. 是他的。
89.A:Whose shoes are these?这些是谁的鞋子?
B:They're mine.是我的。
90:A:Whose are these shoes?这些是谁的鞋子?
B:They're mine.是我的。
91.A:Which man is Jim's father?哪位男人是吉姆的父亲?
B:Thc one in the white car.在白色小汽车里的那位。
92.A:Where's Ann?安在哪里?
B:She's at home/at work/at school.她在家/在工作/在学校。
93.A:Where're Lucy's pencils? 露茜的铅笔在哪里?
B:They're on/in/under/behind/beside/near her pencil-box.
在她的铅笔盒上面/里面/下面/后面/旁边/附近。
94.A:How are you?你好吗?
B:l'm fine, thank you.我很好,谢谢你。
And you?你呢?
A:I'm fine,too.我也很好。
95.A:How do you do?你好?
B:How do you do?你好?
96.A:How do you spell it?它怎么拼写?
B:B-double O-K.
97.A:How old are you? 你多大了?
B:I'm ten.我十岁。
98.A:How old is he/she/it?他/她/它多大了?
B:He/She/It is eleven.他/她/它十一岁了。
99.A:How many oranges can you see in the picture?
你在图片里能看见几只桔子?
B:I can see four.我能看见四个。

五、there be
100.There is(There's) a table in your room.你房间里有张桌子。
101.There are(There're)some pencils on the desk.课桌上有几支铅笔。
102.There is not(isn't)a dog here.这没有一只狗。
103.There is not any dog here.这没有一只狗。
104.There is no dog here.这没有一只狗。
105.There are not(aren't)any cats here.这没有猫。
106.There are no cats here.这没有猫。
107.A:Is there a ruler in your bag?你包里有把尺子吗?
B:Yes, there is./No,there is not.(isn't)是的,有。/不,没有。
108.A:Are there any people in that house?那屋子里有人吗?
B:Yes,there are./No,there are not.(aren't)是的,有。/不,没有。
109.A:Are there any books in your bag?你书包里有书吗?
B:Yes,there are./No, there are not.(aren't)是的,有。/不,没有。
110.A:How many kites are (there) in the sky?天空中有多少风筝?
B:There are thirteen.有十三个。

④ 初一上学期英语的重点句子(50条)

Junior English for China Students’ Book 1 ( A ) 重点句子. 1.That’s right/wrong. 对/错的 2.Let’s go. 咱们走吧. 3.Let me count. 让我数一数. 4.Let me see. 让我看一下. 5.Let’s go and have a look. 咱们去看一下. 6.Let me help you ( to ) find it. 让我帮你找到它. 7.That’s it. 就是它. 8.It’s time to have a breakfast. 该吃早餐了. 9.It’s time for lunch. 该吃中餐了. 10.What differences can you find? 你能找到什么不同点? 11.What’s your favourite animal? 你最喜欢的动物是什么? 12.What/Who else can you see? 你还看见其他什么东西/谁? 13.What’sthe name of your school? 你学校的名字叫什么? 14.See you next term! 下学期见! 15.Here it is. (它)在这里. 16.Here they are. (它们)在这里. 17.Here you are. 给你. 18.This way ,please. 请往这边走. 19.Don’t worry. 别担心. 20.They have two children. 他们有两个儿子。 21.Jim has a big family. Jim有一个大家庭。 22.We go to the same school in Beijing. 我们在北京的同一所学校上学。 23.She goes to No. 2 Middle School. 她在笫二中学上学。 24.Jim and I are good friends. 我和Jim是好朋友。 25.I think it’s Li Lei. 我想是Li Lei吧。 26.Go and see Jim. 去看看吉姆。 27.Please go and ask Peter. 请去问一问凯特。 28.Please come in. 请进来。 29.Come on,Kitty. Kitty,快过来。 30.Please have a seat. 请坐。 31.Can you guess? 你能猜出来吗? 32.Can you help me? 你能帮助我吗? 33.Is she like her dad or her mum? 她像她爸爸还是像她妈妈? 34.Is this table big or small? 这张桌子是大的还是小的? 35.What can you see in the picture? 在这张图中你能看到什么? 36.I can see a clock. 我能看到一只钟。 37.Where is the clock. 钟在哪里? 38.It is a big clock. 这是一只大钟。 39.I can’t find the broom. 我找不到扫帚了。 40.What’s on the wall? 墙上有什么? 41.There’s a map on it. 墙上有一幅地图。 42.There’s some money in the purse. 钱包里有一些钱。 43.This is a picture of my family/friend. 这是我家/朋友的一张照片。 44.He’s a friend of mine/hers/his. 他是我的/她的/他的一个朋友。 45.Are there any trees near his house? 他家附近有树吗? 46.She’s on the fish bowl. 它在鱼缸上。 47.The door is locked. 门是锁着的。 48.You must open the door and get the ball. 你得把门打开拿出这只球。 49.He’s up there in the tree with Bill. 他和比尔一道在树上。 50.You can go with Dad today. 今天你可以和爸爸一道去。 51.How many children are there in the picture? 图中有多少个孩子。 52.There’s only one. 只有一个。 53.Is there a cat in the tree? 树上有猫吗? 54.No,but there is one under the tree. 没有,但树下有一只。 55.There aren’t any cats here. 这里没有猫。 There are no cats here. 这里没有猫。 56.What colour is the car? 猫是什么颜色的? It’s black. 是黑色的。 It is a black car. 是一只黑色的猫。 57.I like that one. 我喜欢那个。 Which one? 哪个? The small one. 小的一个。 58.I want a sweater like this. 我要像这样的毛衣。 59.He looks like his father. 他看上去像他爸爸. 60.The woman in the red coat is Jim’s mother. 穿红衣服的那个女人是吉姆的妈妈。 61.Which woman is Jim’s mother? 哪个女人是吉姆的妈妈? 62.Colour it/them green. 把它/它们着成绿色。 63.Whose trousers are these? 这些是谁的毛衣? Whose are these trousers? 这些毛衣是谁的? 64.This shirt is mine. 这件衬衫是我的。 This is my shirt. 这是我的衬衫。 65.You must look after your clothes. 你必须照看好你的衣服。 66.Put it/them on. 把它/它们穿上。 67.Take your coat off. 脱下你的外衣。 Take off your coat. 脱下你的外衣。 68.They are the twins’ sweaters. 它们是双胞胎的毛衣。 69.My gloves are purple. 我的手套是紫色的。 What about yours? 你的呢? 70.I have an English book. 我有一本英语书。 What about you? 你呢? 71.What’s the time? =What time is it? 几点钟了? It’s about half past four. 四点半。 It’s a quarter to seven. 六点四十五分。 It’s five ten. 五点十分。 72.I’m late. 我迟到了。 73.I don’t have a watch. 我没有手表。 74.They look young/old/nice. 他们看上去很年轻/老/漂亮。 75.Who’s that man between your father and your mother? 你爸爸和妈妈之间的那个人是谁? 76.Is the TV colour or black and white? 这台电视机是彩色的还是黑白的? 77.I can speak some Chinese/English now. 我现在能讲一点中文/英文了。 **重点课文** Lesson 31 *Lesson 33 (1,2) Lesson 41 (2) Lesson 42 (2) Lesson 48 (3) Lesson 50 (1,2) *Lesson 52 (3) Lesson 54 (1,2) Lesson 57 (1,2) Lesson 58 (1) *Lesson 63 (2) *Lesson 64 (4)

⑤ 初一英语每单元主要句子

人教版新目标英语七年级(下)各单元知识概要
Unit 1 Where’s your pen pal from?
一、词组
be from= come from 来自...
pen pal=pen friend 笔友
like and dislike 好恶;爱憎
live in….在...居住
speak English 讲英语
play sports 做体育运动
a little French 一些法语
go to the movies 去看电影
an action movie 一部动作片
on weekends 在周末
Excuse me 对不起,打扰
get to 到达、抵达
beginning of 在...开始的时候
at the end of 在...结束的时候
arrive at /
二、句型
(1)、Where主 +be+主语+from?
主语+be+from+地点.
(2)、Where do/does+主语+live?
主语+live/lives in…
(3)、What language do/does +主语+speak?
主语+speak/speaks….
(4)、主语+like/likes+doing…
三、日常交际用语
1-Where is your pen pal from?
-He’s from China.
2-Where does she live?
--She lives in Tokyo.
3-Does she speak English?
-Yes,she does/No,she dosen’t.
4-Is that your new pen pal?
-Yes,he is /No,he isn’t.
5-What language does she speak?
-She speaks English.
Unit 2 Where’s the post office
一、词组
post office 邮局
pay phone 投币式公用电话
next to 在...隔壁
across from 在...对面
in front of 在...前面
between…and… 在...和...之间
on a street 在街上
in the neighborhood 在附近
on the right/left 在右边/在左边
on one’s right/left 在某人的右边/左边
turn right/left 向右/左转
take a walk 散步
have fun 玩得开心
the way to …去...的路
take a taxi 打的/乘出租车
go down(along)…沿着...走
go through...穿过...
have a good trip 旅途愉快
二、句型
(1)、Is there a bank near here?
Yes,there is .It’s on Centre Street.
No,there isn’t.
(2)、Where’s the sumpermarket?
It’s next to the library.
(3)、Bridge Street is a good place to have fun.
(4)、I hope you have a good trip.
(5)、If you are hungry,you can buy food in the restaurant.
(6)、Talk a walk though the park..
(7)、enjoy后接名词或动词-ing形式.
Do you enoy(=like) your work?
Do you enjoy(=like) living in the city?
三、日常交际用语
(1)、Is there a ….?句型Eg:
-Excuse me.Is there a hotel in the neighborhood.
-Yes, there is. No.there isn’t
(2)、Where is …?句型Eg:
-Where is the park,please?
-It’s behind the bank.(肯定回答)
-I’m sorry I don’t know. (否定回答)
(3)、Which is the way to +地点? 句型.例如:
- Which is the way to the library.
(4)、How can I get to +地点?句型.例如:
-How can I get to the restaurant?
(5)、Can you tell me the way to +地点?句型.例
- Can you tell me the way to the post office?
(6)、Let me tell you the way to my house.
(7)、Just go straight and turn left.

Unit 3 Why do you like koalas?
一、词组
want to do sth .想要做某事
want sb to do sth 想要某做某事
want sth 想要某物
Let sb do sth 让某人做某事
kind of 有几分\种类
a kind of 一种…
…years old …年龄 如:ten years old 十岁
like to do sth 喜欢做某事
like doing sth
play with … 与...一起玩
be quiet 安静
ring the day 在白天
at night 在夜间
have a look at.. 看...
one…the other 一个...另一个...
二、句型
(1)、-why do you like pandas?
-Because they’re very cure.
(2)、-Why dose he like koalas?
-Because they are kind of interesting.
(3)、-Where are lions from?
-Lions are from South Africa.
(4)、-What animals do you like?
-I like elephants.
三、日常交际用语
(1)、-Let’s see the lions.
(2)-Why do you want to see the lions?
-Becase they are very cute.
(3)-Do you like giraffes?
Yes,I do./ No,I don’t
(4)-What other animal do you like?
_I like dogs.too
other+ 名词的复数.表示没有特定的数量范围
the other+名词的复数表示有特定的数量范围.

(5)-Why are you looking at me?
-Because you are very cute.
(6)-Let us play games. –Great!
Let me see.
Unit 4 I want to be an actor.
一、词组
want to be+职业 想要成为。。。
shop assistant 店员
bank clerk 银行职员
work with 与。。。一起工作
work hard 努力工作
work for 为。。。而工作
work as 作为。。而工作
get.. from…从。。。获得。。。
give sth.to.sb /give.sb.sth 把某物给某人
正确的表示:give it/them to sb.
错误的表示:give sb.it/them
in the day 在白天
at night 在夜间
talk to /with 与…讲话
go out to dinners 外出吃饭
in a hospital 在医院
newspaper reporter 报社记者
movie actor 电影演员
二、句型
(1)-What do/does+某人+do?
例:-What do you do?-I’m a student.
-What dose he do? He’s a teacher.
(2)-What do/does+某人+want to be?
例:What do you want to be?-I want to be a teacher.
-What does she want to be ?She want to be a nuser.
(3)-Where does your sister work?
-She works in a hospital.
(4)-Does he work in the hospiat
Yes.he does/No,he doesn’t
(5)-Does she work late?
-Yes,she does/No.she doesn’t
(6)-英语中询问职业的几种表达方式:
What do/does …do?
What is…? What is your father?
What’s one’s job?例:What’s your father’s job?

Unit 5 I’m watching TV.
一、词组
do homework 做家庭作业
watch TV 看电视
eat dinner 吃饭;就餐
clean the room 打扫房间
read newspaper/a book 看报纸/看书
go to the movies 看电影
write a letter 写信
wait for 等待;等候
talk about 谈论。。。。
play basketball/soccer/ 打篮球/踢足球
take photos 拍照
TV show 电视节目
Some of。。。 。。。中的一些
a photo of my family 我的家庭照
at school 在学校
be with 和。。。一起
in the tree 在树上
二、句型
(1)-What+be+主语+doing? ….正在做什么?
-主语+be+doing。。。 …正在做某事。
例: -what are you doing?
-I’m doing my homework.
(2)-Thanks for … 为。。。而感谢
例:Thanks for your letter.
(3)-Here are/is…
例:Here are some of my photos.
Here is a photo of my family.
(4)-That sounds good.
(5)-This TV show is boring.
三、日常交际用语
(1)-Do you want to go to the movices? –Sure.
(2)-When do you want to go? –Let’s go at seven.
(3)-Where do people play basketball? –At school.
(4)-What’s he waiting for?-He’s waiting for a bus.
(5)-What’s he reading? He’s reading a newspaper.
1)现在在进行时的形式是:
助动词be(am,is,are)+动词-ing形式(也叫现在分词),表示现在(说话的瞬间)正在进行或发生的动作。
2)现在进行时的肯定句形式
主语+be(am,is,are)+动词现在分词+其他
I’m watching TV.
3)现在进行时的否定句形式
主语+be(am,is,are)+not+动词现在分词+其他
They are not playing soccer.
4)现在进行时的一般疑问句形式及回答:
Is(am,are)+主语+动词现在分词+其他?
Yes,主语+is/am/are. No,主语+isn’t/aren’t/am not.
Are you reading? Yes,I am. No,I am not.
5) 现在进行时的特殊疑问句形式:
特殊疑问词+is/am/are+主语+现在分词+其他?
例:What is your brother doing?
6) 动词+ing形式(现在分词)的构成.
1一般情况下在动词词结尾加-ing.
如: eat--eating, do—doing,clean—cleaning,
play—playing,
2以不发音的元音字母e结尾的动词,先去掉e再加-ing.
如:take--taking,write—writing,have-having
come—coming.dance--dancing
3词尾如果是以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词.应该先双写这个辅音字母,再加-ing.
如:run—running,sit—sitting ,swim—swimming.
Shop—shopping. put—putting, sit—sitting
Unit 6 It’s raining!
一、词组
Around The World 世界各地
On vacation 度假
Take photos 拍照
On the beach 在海边
a group of people 一群人
play beach volleyball 打沙滩排球
be surprised 惊讶的
be surprised at sth./sb.对某人或某人感到惊讶
in this heat 在酷暑中
be relaxed 放松
have a good time 玩得很痛快
in different kind of weather 在不同的天气里
Thank sb for(doing)sth由于(做)某事而感谢某人
How’s it going? 近况如何
Some…others…一些…另一些…
Look like..看起来像。。。
二、句型/日常交际用语
(1)-How’s the weather(+地点)? –It’s raining?
(2)-What’s the weather like?—It’s sunny./It’s cold and snowing.
(3)-How’s it going? –Great./Not bad.
(4)Thanks you for joining CCTV’s Around The World show?
(5)-Is Aunt Wang there? –Yes,she is/No,she isn’t
Unit 7 What dose he look like?
一、词组
look like 看起来像....
curly /short/straight/long hair 卷/短/直发
medium height/build 中等高度/身体
a little bit 一点儿…
a pop singer 一位流行歌手
play的用法。
wear glasses 戴眼镜
have a new look 呈现新面貌
go shopping 去购物
the captain of the basketball team 篮球队队长
Nobody knows me 没有人认识我
二、句型
1) --What does he look like?
--He’s really short.He has short hair.
2) --She has beautiful,long black hair.
3) --I don’t think he’s so great .
4) --What do you look like? I’m tall.I’m thin.
5) --What do they look like?-
--They are medium height.
6) --She never stops talking.
--Stop doing(sth)表示停止正在干的事.
如:He stop listening
--stop to do (sth)表示停下来去做某事
如:He stops to listen.
7)I can go shopping and nobody knows me.
Unit 8 I’d like some noodles.
1.词组
would like 想要
a large/medium/small bowl 大碗/中碗/小碗
what size 什么尺寸
orange juice 桔汁
green tea 绿茶
phone number 电话号码
as well as 而且
what kind of 表示….的种类
a kind of 一种…
some kind of 许多种…
a bowl of rice 一碗米饭
a bottle fo orange juice 一瓶桔子汁
three oranges 三个桔子(可数)
a bottle fo orange j 一瓶桔子汁(不可数)
some chicken 一些鸡肉(不可数)
three chickens 三只小鸡(可数)
二\句型
1)What kind of … would you like? 你想要…?
EG:--What kind of noodles would you like?
--Beef and tomato noodles. please.
2)We have lare ,medium,and small bowls.
3)I like mplings,I don’t lkee noodles.
三\日常交际用语
(1)—Can I help you?
--I’d like some noodles.please.
(2)--what kind of noodles would you like?
--I’d like mutton and potato noodles. Please.
( 3)—Would you like a cup fo green tea?
--Yes,please./No,thanks
would like后面还可以跟不定式.即:
A:would like to do.sth.想要做某事.
He would like to see you today.
B:would like sb.to.do.sth.想要某人做某事
What would you like me to do.

Unit 9 How was your weekend?
一、词组
do one’s homework 做某人的家庭作业
如:do my homework 做我的家庭作业
play +运动或棋类
如:play soccer 踢足球 play chess 下棋
play +乐器 如:play the guitar 弹吉他
go to the movies 去看电影
do some reading 阅读
study for the (math) test 准备(数学)考试
stay at home 呆家里
go to summer camp 去夏令营
go to the mountains 去爬山
visit sb 拜访某人
go shopping 去购物
last month 上个月
three days ago 三天前
yesterday 昨天
look for 寻找
go for a walk 散步
in the morning/afternoon/evening 在早上/在下午/在晚上
play computer games 玩电脑游戏
It was time to do sth 该。。。的时候了
二、句型
(1)I visited my aunt last weekend.
(2)-- How was your weekend?
--It was great./OK
(3)—It was time to go home.
三、日常交际用语
(1)—What did you do last weekend?
--On Saturday morning,I played teenis.
(2)—How was your weekend?
--It was great.I went to the brach.
一般过去时态
一般过去时态表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态,动词通常用一般过去式来表示,除动词be的过去式was/were有人称变化,其他都没人称的变化.
过去式的构成
(1) 一般情况下在动词词尾加-ed.如:
stay—stayed help—helped visit-visited
(2) 词尾是e的动词加-d.
如:like—liked live—lived
(3) 以一个元音字母加一个辅音结尾的重读闭章节应双写该辅音字母,再加-ed.如:
stop—stopped plan—planned
(4) 以辅音字母+y结尾的动词,要将y改为i再加-ed.如: study—studied worry—worried
(5) 不规则动词的过去
am/is—was are—were have-had
go—went find—found do—did see-saw
Unit 10 Where did you go on vacation?
一、词组
ptetty good 相当好;不错
in the conner 在角落
kind of boring 有点无聊
be lost 迷路
feel happy 感到高兴
be fun 很有趣
on vacation 在度假
Central Park 中央公园
the Great Wall 长城
the Palace Museum 故宫
Tian’an Men Square 天安门广场
二、句型
(1)—Where did you go on vacation?
--I went to the breach.
(2)—How was the weather?
--It was hot and humid.
(3)--It was kind of boring
(4)—That made me feel very happy.
(5)--We had great fun playing in the water.
--have great fun doing sth表示“愉快地做某事”,“做某事很有趣”
(6)I helped him find his father.That made me feel very happy.
help sb.(to)do.sth.帮助某人做某事(to可省)
make sb.do.sth. 使某人做某事
let sb.do.sth.
Let me help you carry(搬动) it.
(7)I found a small boy crying in the conner.
find sb.doing sth.发现某人正在做某事。
find sb.do.sth.发现某人做某事(整个过程)
Unit 11 What do you think of game shows?
一、词组
talk show 谈话节目
soap opera 肥皂剧
sports show 体育节目
game show 比赛节目
think of 认为
how about… …怎么样?=what about…
in fact 事实上
a thirteen-year-old boy 一个十三岁的男孩= The boy is thirteen years old
talk to(with)… 跟 …谈话
thanks for… 为…感谢
each student 每个学生
key ring 钥匙链
baseball cap 棒球帽
the school magazine 校刊
can’t stand 不能忍受
don’t mind 不介意/无所谓/不在乎
二、句型
(1)—What do you think of situation comedy?
-- I love them
(2)—I asked students about fashion.
(3)—This is what I think.
(4)--I don’t mind what young people think of me!
(5)—Can you please put my letter in next month’s magazine?
三、日常交际用语
(1)—What do you think of suop operas?
--- I love them/I don’t mind them/I can’t stand them/I don’t like.
(2)—How about you? ---I do.too.
(3)--What do you think of …?
--=How do you like…?
如:What do you think of the picture?
=How do you like the picture?
Unit 12 Don’t eat in class.
一、词组
school rules 学校规章制度
break the rules 违反规章制度
in the hallways 在过道
listen to music 听音乐
in the music room 在音乐教室里
in the dining hall 在餐厅
sports shoes 运动鞋
gym class 体育课
after school 放学后
have to do 不得不做
too many 太多
get up 起床
by ten o’clock 十点之前
make dinner 做饭
the children’s palace 少年宫
二、句型
(1)—Don’t arrive late for class.
(2)—We can’t listen to music in the hallways,but we can listen to it outside.
(3)—What else do you have to do?
-- We have to clean the classroom.
(4)--Can we wear hats in school?
--Yes,we can/ No,we can’t.
(5)-Do you have to wear a uniform at school?
-Yes,we do /No,we don’t.
重难点精析
祈使句
通常用来表示命令、请求、禁止、建议、警告等语气。它的主语you(听话人)通常省略。其构成通常有以下几种形式。
1)Be型(即系动词原型be+表语+其他)。
如:Be quiet,please.
否定句Don’t + be+表语+其他。
如:Don’t be angry.
2)Do型(即系动词原形+宾语+其他)。如:
Open you books,please.
否定句Don’t +实义动词原形+宾语+其他。
如:Don’t eat in the classroom.
3)Let型(即Let+宾语+动词原形+其他)如:
Let me help you.
Let’s go at six o’clock.
否定句一般在宾语后加not。如:
Let’ not watch TV.
4)No+V-ing型(此种形式通常用于公共场合的提示语中,意为“禁止做某事“)如:
No smoking! 严禁吸烟!
No talking! 不许交谈!
No passing! 禁止通行!
No parking! 不许停车

这个比较详尽,我的学生就是拿这个提纲复习的,效果不错

⑥ 初一第一学期英语语法

基本时态 举例 被动一般现在时 do i write a letter be+done一般过去时 did i wrote a letter was/were+done一般将来时 will/shall do i will write a letter will/shall be+done现在进行时 be doing i am writing a letter am/is/are being+done过去进行时 was/were doing i was writing a letter was/were being done现在完成时 have/has done i have written a letter have/has been done 这些基本时态掌握以后,你的英语不管是作文还是翻译造句,都会有很大进步的,希望采纳!

⑦ 初一上学期英语短语,一单元50个

U1
1.plan to do sth
2.get a letter from
3.invite sb to sth
4.send sb sth=send sth to sb
5.talk to sb=talk with sb
6.at the end of
7.than sb for sth
8.the Li family=the Lis
9.arrive in/at=get to=reach
10.take sb to
11.see sb doing sth
12.see sb do sth
13.in the centre of
14.raise money
15.the history of
16.at the Summer Palace
17.enjoy doing sth
18.enjoy oneself
19.write to sb
20.have a wonderful/good/great time
中文就不打了,还有50太多了,我们老师没教那么多

⑧ 初一上学期 英语语法总汇

呵呵 希望对你有所帮助 祝楼主进步哈
1.动词be(is,am,are)的用法
我(I)用am, 你(you)用are,is跟着他(he),她(she),它(it)。单数名词用is,复数名词全用are。变否定,更容易,be后not加上去。变疑问,往前提,句末问号莫丢弃。还有一条须注意,句首大写莫忘记。

2.this,that和it用法
(1)this和that是指示代词,it是人称代词。
(2)距离说话人近的人或物用this, 距离说话人远的人或物用that。如:
This is a flower. 这是一朵花。(近处)
That is a tree. 那是一棵树。(远处)
(3)放在一起的两样东西,先说this, 后说that。如:
This is a pen. That is a pencil. 这是一支钢笔。那是一支铅笔。
(4)向别人介绍某人时说This is…, 不说That is…。如:
This is Helen. Helen, this is Tom. 这是海伦,海伦,这是汤姆。
(5)This is 不能缩写, 而That is可以缩写。如:
This is a bike. That’s a car. 这是一辆自行车。那是一辆轿车。
(6)打电话时,介绍自己用this, 询问对方用that。如:
—Hello! Is that Miss Green? 喂,是格林小姐吗?
—Yes, this is. Who’s that? 是的,我是,你是谁?
注意:虽然汉语中使用“我”和“你”,但英语中打电话时绝不可以说:I am…, Are you…?/Who are you?

(7)在回答this或that作主语的疑问句时, 要用it代替this或that。如:
①—Is this a notebook? 这是笔记本吗?
—Yes, it is. 是的,它是。
②—What’s that? 那是什么?
—It’s a kite. 是只风筝。

3.these和those用法
this, that, these和those是指示代词,these是this的复数形式,指时间,距离较近的或下面要提到的人或事;those是that的复数形式,指时间、距离较远或前面已经提到过的人或事物。
①This is my bed. That is Lily’s bed. 这是我的床。那是莉莉的床。
②These pictures are good. 那些画很好。
③ Are those apple trees? 那些是苹果树吗?
在回答主语是these或those的疑问句时,通常用they代替these或those以避免重复。如:
④Are these/those your apples? 这些(那些)是你的苹果吗?
Yes, they are. 是的,他们是。

4.名词+’s所有格
单数名词后直接加 “ ’s ”:
Jim’s coat 吉姆的外套 Jeff’s mother杰夫的妈妈
以s结尾的复数名词,只加“’”
Teachers’ Day教师节 the twins’ books双胞胎的书
不以s结尾的不规则的名词复数,加“ ’s ”
Children’s Day 儿童节 men’s shoes男式鞋
表示两者共同拥有时,只在最后一个名词后加’s
Lucy and Lily’s mother 露茜和莉莉的妈妈(共同的妈妈,一个妈妈)
表示两者各自拥有时,要在每个名词后加’s
Lucy’s and Kate’s rooms 露茜和凯特的房间(各自的房间,两间房子)

5.There be句型
(1)There be句型主要用以表达“某处(某时)有某人(某物)。”其基本结构为“There be+某物(某人)+某地(某时)”其中there是引导词,没有词义;主语是be后面的名词, be是谓语动词,在一般现在时中be只用is和are两种形式。下面这首歌诀可帮你巧记there be句型结构:
There be放句首,主语跟在后。地、时放句末,强调置前头。如:
There is a book on the desk.
有时为了强调地点,也可把介词短语放在句首。如:
On the desk there is a book.
(2)There be句型中的be动词如何确定呢?请先看看下面这首歌诀:
Be动词,有三个,am,is还有are。“There be”真特别,不留am只留俩,那就是is还有are。要用is还是are,须看其后的名词是单数还是复数。若是单数或不可数名词用is,否则就用are。如:
①There is a tree behind the house.
②There is some water(水)in the bottle(瓶子).
③There are some pears in the box.
(3)注意:如果“be”后的主语是由and连接的两个或两个以上的名词,那么be的形式要遵循“远亲不如近邻”的原则。也就是说,“be”的形式是由与它最近的那个名词来确定的。若那个名词是单数或不可数名词要用is,是复数就用are。如:
①There is a book and some pens on the floor.
②There are some pens and a book on the floor.

6.like一词的用法
like用作及物动词,译为“喜欢”。
(1)后接名词或代词,表示喜欢某人或某物。如:
I like the baby very much. 我非常喜欢这个小孩。
(2)后接动名词(v. -ing),表示“喜欢做某事”,着重于习惯、爱好。如:
Tom likes playing football. 汤姆喜欢踢足球。
(3)后接动词不定式(to do ),表示“偶尔地喜欢做某事”,着重于某次具体的行为。如:
I like reading, but I like to watch TV this evening. 我喜欢读书,但我今晚想看电视。

7.句子单数变复数,注意以下五要素
(1)主格人称代词要变成相应的复数主格人称代词,即I→we, you→you,she,he,it→ they。
如:She is a girl. →They are girls.
(2)am,is要变为are。如:
I’m a student. →We are students.
(3)不定冠词a,an要去掉。如:
He is a boy. →They are boys.
(4)普通单数名词要变为复数形式。如:
It is an apple. →They are apples.
(5)指示代词this,that要变为these,those。如:
This is a box. →These are boxes.

8.英语日期的表示法
英语中月份和星期名称都是专有名词,它们的首字母必须大写,并且前面无需用冠词。
用英语表示日期,其顺序为月+日+年,日和年之间需用逗号隔开。如:August 2nd,2003(2003年8月2日)。也可以用日+月+年来表示。如:10th May,2003(2003年5月10日)英语日期前介词的使用:若指在哪一年或哪一月,则用介词in,若具体到某一天,则需用介词on。

9.时间的表达法
(1) 直读式,即直接读出时间数字
7: 05 seven five 8:16 eight sixteen
(2) 过、差式,即几点差几分,几点过几分。(以30分为分界线)
1:25 twenty-five past one 2:30 half past two
3:43 seventeen to four 4:38 twenty-two to five
(3)12小时制
6:00 a.m. 上午6点 8:20 p.m. 下午8点20分
(4)24小时制
13:00 13点钟 22:15 22点15分
(5)15分可用quarter
4:15 a quarter past four 5:45 a quarter to six
(6)时间前通常用at.
at 5 o’clock at 7:30 p.m.

10. want用法
(1)想干什么用want to do sth
They want to join the sports club. 他们想加入运动俱乐部。
(2)第三人称单数作主语,want要作变化
①He wants to play basketball.
②Li Xia wants to play the piano.
(3)变疑问句,否定句要借助助动词do或does.
①-Do you want to play soccer ball ? -Yes , I do . / No , I don’t.
②-Does he want to go home by bus ? -Yes , he does . / No , he doesn’t
1. 形容词的用法:
形容词用以修饰名词,表示人或事物的特征。在句中可以作定语、表语,用于限定被修饰语的特征,如长短、大小、重量、颜色、高矮、胖瘦、新旧等,。
The little girl is very pretty. 这个小女孩很好看。
--I want that one. 我想要那个。
--Which one? 哪一个?
--The new blue one. 那个蓝色新的。
Can I have a look at the big nice one? 我能看一看那个大的漂亮的吗?
2、人称代词:
是用来表示人的代词,有单数和负数之分,有主格和宾格之分。人称代词的主格在句中作主语;人称代词的宾格在句中作宾语,是作动词或介词的宾语。
主格:I, we, you, he, she, it, they在句子中作主语
宾格:me, us, you, him, her, it, them在句子中作宾语
He and I are in the same class. 我和他在同一个班级。
Can you see them in the street? 你能看见他们在街上吗?
3、可数名词和不可数名词
英语中名词分为可数名词和不可数名词。凡是可数计数的名词叫做可数名词;凡是不可以计数的名词叫做不可数名词。
(1)可数名词分为单数和复数两种形式。可数名词前可以用不定冠词、数词或some many等修饰。如:a man a desk an apple an orange some books some children tow pens
(2)不可数名词没有复数形式,前面不能用不定冠词、数词或many等词语修饰,但可以用some a little much等词语来修饰。有时可以与一些量词短语搭配,这些量词短语中的名词一般是可数的,有单数形式,也可以有复数形式。如:some water a little milk much food a piece of bread tow bottles of ink some glasses of water
4、祈使句
祈使句用来表示请求、命令等,句中没有主语,肯定形式由谓语或者谓语+宾语(+宾语补足语)构成,否定形式则在句前加Don’t.
Stand up, please. 请起立。
Don’t worry. 别担心。
can的用法:
can是情态动词,表示“能,会,可以,被允许等”,其后接动词原形,否定形式为cannot,可缩写为can’t.
She can speak Japanese. 她会讲日语。
I can’t remember his name. 我不记得他的名字了。
Can you spell your name? 你会拼写你的名字吗?
5、现在进行时态:
概念:表示现在(说话瞬间)正在进行或发生的动作,也可以表示目前一段时间内或现阶段正在进行的活动。
结构:由be动词(am, is, are) + 动词ing构成,其中be动词要与主语保持性数一致。
Mary is flying a kite in the park. 玛丽正在公园里放风筝。
--What are you doing now? 你现在在干什么?
--I’m reading English. 我正在读英语。
Are they drawing the pictures now? 他们正在画画吗?

动词现在分词是动词原形变化而来的,规则变化如下:
动词ing形式叫动词现在分词,其构成如下:
1) 直接在动词后加ing
play—playing, do—doing, talk—talking, sing--singing
2) 以不发音的字母e结尾的动词,先去e,再加ing
make—making, write—writing, have—having, take—taking
3) 以重读闭音节结尾的动词且词尾只有一个辅音字母,应双写这个辅音字母,再加ing
run—running, stop—stopping, put—putting, swim—swimming
注意对现在进行时态的判断。判断一个英语句子用什么时态,主要看句子的时间状语,一般说来,每种时态都有与之相对应的时间状语。现在进行时表示现在(说话瞬间)正在进行或发生的动作。因此,这个时态最常用的时间状语是now;但有不少句子并没有now,只能通过提示语如look、listen等或者通过上下文来确定用现在进行时。
She is cleaning her room now. 她正在打扫房间。
Look! The girl is dancing over there. 看!那个女孩在那里跳舞。
--Can you go and play games with me? 你能和我们一起做游戏吗?
--Can’t you see I am doing my homework? 你没看见我正在做作业吗?
6、have/ has的用法:
1) 谓语动词have表示“有”,有两种形式:have和has,前者用于第一人称(I, we),第二人称(you)和第三人称复数(they),后者用于第三人称单数(he, she, it)或单数名词。
I have an apple and he has two bananas. 我有一个苹果,他有两个香蕉。
You have a new English teacher. 你们有了一个新的英语老师。
It has two big eyes. 它有一双大眼睛。
Julie and Jack have a nice car. 朱莉和杰克有一辆好看的车。
2) have/has句型与there be句型的比较:两者都表示“有”,但用法不同。前者表示所属关系,即表示“某人或某物有什么”,而后者表示存在,表示“某地有什么”。
They have some new books. 他们有一些新书。
There are some new books on their desks. 他们桌子上有一些新书。
She has a lot of pretty skirts. 她有很多漂亮的裙子。
There are a lot of pretty skirts in the shop. 商店里有很多漂亮的裙子。
3) have/ has的否定句,一般要加助动词do/ does,再加not构成,即do not have (don’t have)/ does not have (doesn’t have)
. She does not have a sister. 她没有姐姐。
We don’t have any classes on Saturday. 我们星期六没有课。
Ann and I don’t have a big room. 我和安没有一个大房间。
4) 一般疑问句由“助动词Do/ Does + 主语 + have + 宾语”构成,回答用Yes, … do/ does.或者No, … don’t/ doesn’t.
--Do you have a big house? 他们的房子大吗?
--No, they don’t. 不,他们的房子不大。
--Does he have an eraser? 他有橡皮吗?
--Yes, he does. 他有的。
5) 特殊疑问句由特殊疑问词 + 助动词do/ does + have (+状语)构成。
What do they have? 他们有什么?
What does he have? 他有什么?
How many telephones do they have? 他们有几部电话?
7、介词用法:
1) 具体时间前介词用at。
. He gets up at half past seven every day. 他每天七点半起床。
She goes to bed at eleven o’clock. 她十一点睡觉。
2) 表示“在早上,在下午,在晚上”的短语中用介词in,且定冠词the不能省略;表示“在中午,在夜里”的短语中介词用at,不加冠词。
in the morning在早上,in the afternoon 在下午,in the evening 在晚上
at noon在中午,at night在夜里
3) 表示“在某天”、“在某天的上午、下午等”的短语用介词on。
What do you usually do on Monday morning? 星期一上午你通常做什么?
Do you sometimes go out to eat on Friday evening? 有时你星期五晚上出去吃饭吗?
He watches DVDs on Saturday night. 星期六晚上他看DVD。
Parents take children to parks on June 1. 六月一日,家长们带着孩子去公园。
4) 在this, last, next, every等词前面既不加介词,也不用冠词。
What are you doing this afternoon? 今天下午你做什么?
He visits his grandma every Friday. 他每个星期五都去看望祖母。
She is going to Shanghai next Monday. 她下个星期一去上海。
8、一般现在时
一般现在时表示经常性或习惯性的动作,或表示现在的特征或状态。
其动词形式是:动词原形(只有第三人称单数作主语时除外,要加-s)其疑问句和否定句需要用助动词do或does
1) 肯定句用行为动词原形表示
They get up very early every morning. 他们每天早晨起来很早。
I visit my grandparents four times a month. 我一个月去看望祖父母四次。
2) 否定句用don’t + 动词原形来表示
We do not go shopping on Sundays. 我们周日不去购物。
I don’t think you like this colour. 我想你不喜欢这个颜色。
3) 一般疑问句则是把助动词do提前至句首,后面动词用原形。回答时,肯定用 “Yes, 主语+do”;否定句用 “No, 主语+don’t”。
–Do they go to school at seven o’clock? 他们七点去上学吗?
--Yes, they do.
--Do you like this skirt? 你喜欢这条裙子吗?
--No, I don’t. 不,我不喜欢。
一般现在时用来表示经常的或习惯性的动作,常与以下的时间状语连用:often 经常,always 总是,sometimes 有时,usually 通常,every day/ week 每天/ 周等。
He usually goes to school by bike. 通常他骑车上学。
I visit my grandparents every week. 我每个星期都去看祖父母。
She is always late for class. 她总是上课迟到。
My parents and I sometimes go out to eat. 我和父母有时出去吃饭。
It often rains here. 这儿常常下雨。
主语为第三人称单数时的一般现在时
一般现在时态,当主语为第三人称单数时,谓语动词也要是第三人称单数,后要加-s或-es。
He likes reading at night. 他喜欢夜里读书。
She usually goes to school by bike. 她平时骑车上学。
The little cat drinks milk every day. 小猫每天都喝牛奶。
转换成否定句要加doesn’t,其后的动词用原形。
Kelly doesn’t get up early on Saturdays and Sundays. 凯丽星期六星期天起床不早。
He doesn’t feel well today. 他今天感觉不舒服。
转换成一般疑问句,句首用Does,其后的动词用原形。
Does he have lunch at school? 他在学校吃午饭吗?
Does it take long by train? 乘火车要很长时间吗?

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