1. 高一英语语法汇总
高一英语必修一语法要点
一． 一般现在时
1. 表示主语现在所处的状态及其所具备的特征、性格、能力等
例如：I am a girl.
2. 表示习惯性、经常性的动作
例如：I usually go to bed at 9:00.
3. 标志性的词语
Always often sometimes now and then
4. 若助于为第三人称单数（he she it）则动词要用单三现
二． 现在进行时
1． 说话时正在进行的动作
例如：I am reading.
2.表示即将发生的动作，多用于go come start leave return arrive stay fly等词语之中，句子中常常有时间状语
例如：The plane is going to Beijing.
3.当句子中出现了always 、forever 、constantly 、continually 、
All the time等
例如：I am always thinking of you.
三． 倍数比较
1.A+系动词+倍数词+as+ adj \adv的原型+as+B
例如：The class is twice as big as that one.
2.A+系动词+倍数词+adj\adv的比较级+than+B
例如：The class is twice bigger than that class.
3.A+系动词+倍数词+the size\amount(数量)\ength\width\height
\depth\+of+B
例如：The class is twice the size of that class.
四． With的复合结构
1． With+宾语+宾语补足语
宾语补足语根据逻辑意义的不同可以是不同的词语，如形容词、现在分词、过去分词、副词、介词短语、不定式等，with在复合结构中常作状语
2.常用结构
○1with+宾语+doing
表主动与进行
例如：Tom was quite safe with Lucy standing behind him.
○2with+宾语+done
表被动与完成
例如：With all things she need bought,she went home.
○3with+宾语+to do
表将来
例如：With so many thing to deal with.
五． 现在完成进行时
现在完成进行时
1．基本表达式（I have been doing ）
I/ we/ you/ they have been doing sth.
he/ she/ it has been doing sth.
2．表示从过去某时开始一直持续到现在的动作，并且还将持续下去。
The Chinese have been making paper for two thousand years.
中国有2000年的造纸历史。（动作还将继续下去）
I have been learning English since three years ago.
自从三年前以来我一直在学英语。（动作还将继续下去）
3．表示在说话时刻之前到现在正在进行的动作。
We have been waiting for you for half an hour.
我们已经等你半个钟头了(人还没到，如同在电话里说的，还会继续等)
4．有些现在完成进行时的句子等同的句子。
例如：They have been living in this city for ten years.
They have lived in this city for ten years.
他们在这个城市已经住了10年了。
I have been working here for five years.
I have worked here for five years.
我在这里已经工作五年了。
5．大多数现在完成进行时的句子不等同于现在完成时的句子。
例如：I have been writing a book.（动作还将继续下去）
我一直在写一本书。
I have written a book.（动作已经完成）
我已经写了一本书。
They have been building a bridge.
他们一直在造一座桥。
They have built a bridge.
他们造了一座桥。
6．表示状态的动词不能用于现在完成进行时。
例如：I have known him for years.
我认识他已经好几年了。
I have been knowing...
这类不能用于现在完成进行时的动词还有：love爱，like喜欢， hate讨厌，等。
注意：比较过去时与现在完成时
1．过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，强调动作；现在完成时为过去发生的，强调过去的事情对现在的影响，强调的是影响。
2．过去时常与具体的时间状语连用，而现在完成时通常与模糊的时间状语连用，或无时间状语。
一般过去时的时间状语:
yesterday, last week，…ago, in1980, in October, just now, 具体的时间状语
共同的时间状语:
this morning, tonight,this April, now, once，before, already, recently，lately
现在完成时的时间状语
for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till / until, up to now, in past years, always,
不确定的时间状语
3．现在完成时可表示持续到现在的动作或状态，动词一般是延续性的，如live, teach, learn, work, study, know.
过去时常用的非持续性动词有come, go, leave, start, die, finish, become, get married等。
例如： I saw this film yesterday.
（强调看的动作发生过了。）
I have seen this film.
（强调对现在的影响，电影的内容已经知道了。）
Why did you get up so early?
（强调起床的动作已发生过了。）
Who hasn't handed in his paper?
（强调有卷子，可能为不公平竞争。）
She has returned from Paris.
她已从巴黎回来了。
She returned yesterday.
她是昨天回来了。
He has been in the League for three years.
(在团内的状态可延续)
He has been a League member for three years.
(是团员的状态可持续)
He joined the League three years ago.
( 三年前入团，joined为短暂行为。)
I have finished my homework now.
---Will somebody go and get Dr. White?
---He's already been sent for.
句子中如有过去时的时间副词（如 yesterday, last, week, in 1960）时，不能使用现在完成时，要用过去时。
（错）Tom has written a letter to his parents last night. （对）Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night.
六．过去完成时
1． 概念：表示过去的过去
其构成是had +过去分词构成。
那时以前 那时 现在
2． 用法
a. 在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词后的宾语从句。
She said (that) she had never been to Paris.
b. 状语从句
在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中，发生在先，用过去完成时；发生在后，用一般过去时。
When the police arrived, the thieves had run away.
c. 表示意向的动词，如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等，用过去完成时表示"原本…，未能…"
We had hoped that you would come, but you didn't.
3．过去完成时的时间状语before, by, until , when, after, once, as soon as。
例如：He said that he had learned some English before.
By the time he was twelve, Edison had began to make a living by himself.
Tom was disappointed that most of the guests had left when he arrived at the party.
七．现在完成进行时
1．其构成形式如下：
I / we / they have been + 动词的现在分词
He / she / it has been + 动词的现在分词 功用如下：
2． 表示一个在过去开始而在最近刚刚结束的行动，如：
Ann is very tired. She has been working hard.
Why are you clothes so dirty? What have you been doing?
3．表示一个从过去开始但仍在进行的行动，如：
It has been raining for two hours. (现在还在下)
Jack hasn’t been feeling very well recently.
4． 表示一个从过去开始延续到现在，可以包括现在在内的一个阶段内，重复发生的行动，如：
She has been playing tennis since she was eight.
5． 现在完成时强调动作行为的结果、影响，而现在完成进行时只强调动作行为本身，如：
Tom’s hands are very dirty. He has been repairing the car.
The car is going again now. Tom has repaired it.
注意：
现在完成时有否定结构、而现在完成进行时没有否定结构。 现在完成时态可表示做完的时期以及已有的经验、但现在完成进行时不可以 现在完成进行时的否定结构 现在完成进行时有时也可用否定结构。
如： Since that unfortunate accident last week, I haven’t been sleeping at all well. 自从上周发生了那次不幸事故之后，我一直睡得很不好.
He hasn’t been working for me and I haven’t has that much contact with him. 他并没有给我工作过，我和他没有过那许多接触。
6．否定句构成：
主语+has/have+not+been+现在分词
7．一般疑问句构成:
Have/has+主语+been+现在分词+其他
2. 急求高一人教版必修一的所有英语语法！！！
高一英语必修一语法要点
一． 一般现在时 1. 表示主语现在所处的状态及其所具备的特征、性格、能力等 例如：I am a girl. 2. 表示习惯性、经常性的动作 例如：I usually go to bed at 9:00. 3. 标志性的词语 Always often sometimes now and then 4. 若助于为第三人称单数（he she it）则动词要用单三现 二． 现在进行时 1． 说话时正在进行的动作 例如：I am reading. 2.表示即将发生的动作，多用于go come start leave return arrive stay fly等词语之中，句子中常常有时间状语 例如：The plane is going to Beijing. 3.当句子中出现了always 、forever 、constantly 、continually 、 All the time等 例如：I am always thinking of you.
三． 倍数比较 1.A+系动词+倍数词+as+ adj \adv的原型+as+B 例如：The class is twice as big as that one. 2.A+系动词+倍数词+adj\adv的比较级+than+B 例如：The class is twice bigger than that class. 3.A+系动词+倍数词+the size\amount(数量)\ength\width\height \depth\+of+B 例如：The class is twice the size of that class.
四． With的复合结构 1． With+宾语+宾语补足语 宾语补足语根据逻辑意义的不同可以是不同的词语，如形容词、现在分词、过去分词、副词、介词短语、不定式等，with在复合结构中常作状语 2.常用结构 ○1with+宾语+doing 表主动与进行 例如：Tom was quite safe with Lucy standing behind him. ○2with+宾语+done 表被动与完成 例如：With all things she need bought,she went home. ○3with+宾语+to do 表将来 例如：With so many thing to deal with. 五． 现在完成进行时 现在完成进行时 1．基本表达式（I have been doing ） I/ we/ you/ they have been doing sth. he/ she/ it has been doing sth. 2．表示从过去某时开始一直持续到现在的动作，并且还将持续下去。 The Chinese have been making paper for two thousand years. 中国有2000年的造纸历史。（动作还将继续下去） I have been learning English since three years ago. 自从三年前以来我一直在学英语。（动作还将继续下去） 3．表示在说话时刻之前到现在正在进行的动作。 We have been waiting for you for half an hour. 我们已经等你半个钟头了(人还没到，如同在电话里说的，还会继续等) 4．有些现在完成进行时的句子等同的句子。 例如：They have been living in this city for ten years. They have lived in this city for ten years. 他们在这个城市已经住了10年了。 I have been working here for five years. I have worked here for five years. 我在这里已经工作五年了。 5．大多数现在完成进行时的句子不等同于现在完成时的句子。 例如：I have been writing a book.（动作还将继续下去） 我一直在写一本书。 I have written a book.（动作已经完成） 我已经写了一本书。 They have been building a bridge. 他们一直在造一座桥。 They have built a bridge. 他们造了一座桥。 6．表示状态的动词不能用于现在完成进行时。 例如：I have known him for years. 我认识他已经好几年了。 I have been knowing... 这类不能用于现在完成进行时的动词还有：love爱，like喜欢， hate讨厌，等。 注意：比较过去时与现在完成时 1．过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，强调动作；现在完成时为过去发生的，强调过去的事情对现在的影响，强调的是影响。 2．过去时常与具体的时间状语连用，而现在完成时通常与模糊的时间状语连用，或无时间状语。 一般过去时的时间状语: yesterday, last week，…ago, in1980, in October, just now, 具体的时间状语 共同的时间状语: this morning, tonight,this April, now, once，before, already, recently，lately 现在完成时的时间状语 for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till / until, up to now, in past years, always, 不确定的时间状语 3．现在完成时可表示持续到现在的动作或状态，动词一般是延续性的，如live, teach, learn, work, study, know. 过去时常用的非持续性动词有come, go, leave, start, die, finish, become, get married等。 例如： I saw this film yesterday. （强调看的动作发生过了。） I have seen this film. （强调对现在的影响，电影的内容已经知道了。） Why did you get up so early? （强调起床的动作已发生过了。） Who hasn't handed in his paper? （强调有卷子，可能为不公平竞争。） She has returned from Paris. 她已从巴黎回来了。 She returned yesterday. 她是昨天回来了。 He has been in the League for three years. (在团内的状态可延续) He has been a League member for three years. (是团员的状态可持续) He joined the League three years ago. ( 三年前入团，joined为短暂行为。) I have finished my homework now. ---Will somebody go and get Dr. White? ---He's already been sent for. 句子中如有过去时的时间副词（如 yesterday, last, week, in 1960）时，不能使用现在完成时，要用过去时。 （错）Tom has written a letter to his parents last night. （对）Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night.
六．过去完成时 1． 概念：表示过去的过去 其构成是had +过去分词构成。 那时以前 那时 现在 2． 用法 a. 在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词后的宾语从句。 She said (that) she had never been to Paris. b. 状语从句 在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中，发生在先，用过去完成时；发生在后，用一般过去时。 When the police arrived, the thieves had run away. c. 表示意向的动词，如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等，用过去完成时表示"原本…，未能…" We had hoped that you would come, but you didn't. 3．过去完成时的时间状语before, by, until , when, after, once, as soon as。 例如：He said that he had learned some English before. By the time he was twelve, Edison had began to make a living by himself. Tom was disappointed that most of the guests had left when he arrived at the party. 七．现在完成进行时 1．其构成形式如下： I / we / they have been + 动词的现在分词 He / she / it has been + 动词的现在分词 功用如下： 2． 表示一个在过去开始而在最近刚刚结束的行动，如： Ann is very tired. She has been working hard. Why are you clothes so dirty? What have you been doing? 3．表示一个从过去开始但仍在进行的行动，如： It has been raining for two hours. (现在还在下) Jack hasn’t been feeling very well recently. 4． 表示一个从过去开始延续到现在，可以包括现在在内的一个阶段内，重复发生的行动，如： She has been playing tennis since she was eight. 5． 现在完成时强调动作行为的结果、影响，而现在完成进行时只强调动作行为本身，如： Tom’s hands are very dirty. He has been repairing the car. The car is going again now. Tom has repaired it. 注意： 现在完成时有否定结构、而现在完成进行时没有否定结构。 现在完成时态可表示做完的时期以及已有的经验、但现在完成进行时不可以 现在完成进行时的否定结构 现在完成进行时有时也可用否定结构。 如： Since that unfortunate accident last week, I haven’t been sleeping at all well. 自从上周发生了那次不幸事故之后，我一直睡得很不好. He hasn’t been working for me and I haven’t has that much contact with him. 他并没有给我工作过，我和他没有过那许多接触。 6．否定句构成： 主语+has/have+not+been+现在分词 7．一般疑问句构成: Have/has+主语+been+现在分词+其他
3. 高一必修一英语语法（人教版）
若答案错误，请指出并解释，重在解释，谢谢！
1、I （ ）regard him as my friend because he has lied to me many times.
A、no longer B、not longer C、no more D、not more
答案：
问？为什么C不对。
I (no longer ) regard him as my friend because he has lied to me many times.
= I didn't regard him as my friend any more because he has lied to me many times.
一个跟延续动词,一个跟不延续的,可以用否定互换,如果觉得不好记,
no longer = don't ..... any more 记这个吧
2、There is very little room in the lab because it has （ ） too much equipment.
A、so B、far C、very D、that
答案：B
问？为什么选B，
主要是区别什么能放在:"too much "前面表示程度
ACD都是不行的.只能记住了.
I've had far too much already.
我已经吃得太多了。
You're running far too much.
你跑动太多了。
Now she has far too much to carry home.
现在她的东西太多了，没法拿回家。
比较常见,也好记的.
3、 （ ） the book，he brush his hair by raising his hand slightly.
A、While reading B、To read C、Read D、When read
答案：A
问？选B可不可以。
当他读书的时候, 他用手轻轻的梳理头发.
这是同时发生的, 而B 不定式,表示将来意思,或是一种目的状语,
放在这里都不适合.
用分词,表示伴随意义,是比较合适的.
4、Adam （ ） with the new library when he saw it for the first time.( fall in love )
问？用何种时态填空。
when he saw it 可见是过去的.
for the first time 表示结果,影响,要用完成.
had fallen in love.
第一次看到图书馆,就爱上它了.
这是表示一种结果的,用完成很常见的.
4. 急！！求人教版高一英语必修一句型总结
1.Eric the Red _______ _______ _______ leave Iceland because he ______ ______ ______ ______, ______ ______ he got into trouble. Eric 因为谋杀被迫离开冰岛。2.He _________ some people ______ _____ ______ with him to Greenland.他说服了一些人跟他一起去格陵兰岛。3.Eric ________ Greenland and _______ that people could live in the place ______ he landed. Eric 到达了格陵兰岛，发现人们可以生活在他登陆的地方。4.Some look for ways ______ _____ pollution, some ______ ____ _____ _____ levels of pollution, other departments ____ ______ _____ _______ _______ it comes from and punishing people _____ have broken the law _____ ______ pollution.一些部门寻找减少污染的方式，一些部门对污染进行记录，其他部门负责找到污染源并惩罚那些违反法律污染环境的人。5.In the worst areas they ______ _____ completely for a few months _____ ____ ____ _____ _____ the fish numbers can grow again.在最严重的地方，他们曾经完全禁钓几个月这样鱼能够再次得到生长。6.They have a huge mouth and can eat fish _____ ____ _____ themselves.它们长着大嘴，能够吃掉跟它们一样大小的鱼。7.You certainly won’t find ______ ______ fish.你肯定找不到更吵的鱼了。8.Some fish can proce sounds almost _______ ____ ____ ____ your speaking voice!有些鱼发出的声音是你说话声音的两倍大。9.______ sooner, the ______.越快越好。10.I was trying to recover ______ my elder brother put his mouth close to my car, and _______ ______ the terrifying word “Whirlpool!”就在我努力恢复体力时，我哥哥把嘴贴近我的耳朵，尖声叫道“漩涡!”11._____ _____ _____, the sky ______ _____ _____ dark clouds and in _____ _____ a minute we were in a terrible storm.突然天空乌云密布，不到一分钟，可怕的风暴袭来。12.About three years ago, ______ _____ happened ____ me.大约三年前，在我身上发生了可怕的事情。13.I will ______ my story quickly _____ ____ ________.我马上要把我的故事进行收尾了。14.A lot of hiking holidays _______ _______, but the reality is often very different.很多的远足之旅听起来不错，但现实却不是这样。15.All our guides _____ _____ _____of _______ _____ _____ hiking trips in the Himalayas.我们所有的导游都有着几年的带领Himalayas的经验。16._____ _____ _____ the group guide, all teams have cooks and porters.除了领队，所有的队都有厨师和搬运工。17.While on a hiking trip, our cooks prepare delicious meals and our porters carry your luggage, ______ which means that you can simply enjoy the experience.在徒步旅行中，我们的厨师负责美味可口的饭菜，搬运工负责搬运行李，你要做的就是徒步旅行。18.I ______ to ____ ____ bungee jumping and now I ____ really _____ it.我决定开始蹦极，现在我真的很喜欢它。19.When I ______ ______ for my first jump I was _____ _____ _____ I tried to _____ _____, but my friends ______ me ___ _____ ____ with it.当我出现在第一跳前时，我是如此的紧张，以至于想退出，我的朋友们说服了我完成了它。20.It’s difficult ____ ______ _____ _______ exciting it is.很难解释清楚它到底有多刺激。21.A friend of mine has just ______ _____ jogging ____ ____ ___ ____ _____.我的一个朋友刚选择了慢跑来保持健康。22.They were going to have a party last Saturday but _____ ____ at the last minute.上周六他们原打算开了聚会，最后一刻他们有不开了。23.When he was 17 years old, he traveled across Europe and Asia with his father, _____ wanted to ____ ____ ____ the Chinese.当他十七岁时，他与父亲跨过了欧洲和亚洲，他父亲想与中国人做生意。24.Marco _____ _____ ____ ____ beautiful and powerful China was.马可波罗为中国的美丽与强大震惊。25.He _____ ____ _____ by the Summer Palace _____ he described ____ the greatest palace _____ ever ______.他对颐和园留下了很深的印象，颐和园被他描述成史上最伟大的皇宫。26.Marco was often asked the question, “Was it all true?” ____ ____ he replied, “I have only told a half of ______ I was!”马可波罗经常被问到“这一切都是真的吗？“这样的问题。他答道“我只讲出了我所看到的一半”。27.______ many people thought that Marco’s stories about China were ______ fantastic ____ ____ true, Marco always _____ ____ his tales.尽管很多人都认为马可波罗的故事过于传奇不是真的，他总是坚持自己的故事是真的。28.The men were soon ______ and were _____ _____ _______ food.这些人的食物快吃光了，他们很快筋疲力尽。29.______ centuries, the Silk Road was the most important line of communication ______ East and West. 几百年来，丝绸之路是东西方交流的重要通道。30.The Silk Road was not just the route _______ ______ goods were carried. It was also important for the _________ of ideas. 丝绸之路不仅仅是运送货物的通道，还是东西方交流思想的通道。31.People _____ ______ _____ the _______ ______ cycling Amsterdam for years.几年来，阿姆斯特丹的人们一直在享受骑自行车带来的好处。32.Today people ______ Amsterdam the “City of Bicycles” _____ ____ the convenience for bicycles there.如今，由于自行车的便捷，人们把阿姆斯特丹称作“自行车之城”。33.The bikes ______ _____ at special parking places and people ______ want to use them have to take them to another special parking place _____ has enough _______. 自行车停在特殊的停车点，想使用他们的人必须把他们停放在有足够空间的特殊的自行车存放点。34.There is already ______ in central Amsterdam, because _____ locals ______ tourists ______ ______ _______ the white bike. 阿姆斯特丹的车辆已经少了很多，因为当地人和外地游客一直使用自行车。35.How can you ____ ____ ____ ___ _____ ___ solar cars?你怎么说服人们只是到太阳能汽车的优点？36.____ ______, about forty people travel in one bus, _____ the same number ______ thirty-three cars.通常来讲，一辆公交车能载40人左右，然而相同数字的人乘坐小汽车却需要33辆。37.____ ____ ____ ten years, ____ ____ of cars on the roads in Britain ____ ____ ___ ___ 30%. 在过去的十年间，英国的汽车和道路的数量上涨了30%。38.Before you get into your car, ____ ____ ____ you really need to ____ ____ _____.在你上车之前，考虑一下是否需要开车外出。39.If you’ve really got to use a car, ____ ____ ____ someone else. It is ____ ____ and ____ ____ the environment.如果你真的上了车，与他人合车，既便宜又对环境有好处。40.I’ve got to ____ ____ my daughter from school at four o’clock.我还要下午四点钟接我女儿。41.Roads now ____ the biggest cities ____ the smallest towns so ____ ____ ____ go anywhere ____ anytime. 道路连接大城小镇，使我们任何时间到达任何地点成为可能。42._____ ____ the good ideas of lots of people, many people around the world ____ ____ _____ enjoying city center streets _____ cars for many years.由于众人的好的想法，世界上的许多人都享受到了很多年城市里没有汽车的生活。43.Some types of cancer ____ _______ _____ traffic pollution.一些种类的癌症鱼污染有关。44.Anger and stress are _____ _______ _____ the real costs of the motor car.愤怒和压力与汽车的真正消耗比较起来什么也算不上。45.Do ______ of these things that _____ you. Don’t just _____ _____ and _______.采取任何你能采取的措施，不要简单的坐在那抱怨。46.I admit: I’m ______ _____ my car.我承认我对我的车上瘾。47.They believed that it would better for everybody if cars ______ _____ in the city center and only bicycles were.他们认为如果在城市中只允许有自行车而没有汽车，对每个人都会有好处。48与40重复！！！49.____ _____ an American man called Henry Ford ____ created the motor car as we know it today.是一个叫Henry Ford的人创造了我们今天样子的汽车。50.Before 1908, when Ford’s cars _____ _____ ____ the public, ____ ____ only the very rich _____ could _____ ____ _____ a car.在1908年前，当Ford车对大众成为可能时，只有富人才能买得起。
5. 人教版高一英语必修一各个单元的语法知识点
一． 一般现在时
1. 表示主语现在所处的状态及其所具备的特征、性格、能力等
例如：I am a girl.
2. 表示习惯性、经常性的动作
例如：I usually go to bed at 9:00.
3. 标志性的词语
Always often sometimes now and then
4. 若助于为第三人称单数（he she it）则动词要用单三现
二． 现在进行时
1． 说话时正在进行的动作
例如：I am reading.
2.表示即将发生的动作，多用于go come start leave return arrive stay fly等词语之中，句子中常常有时间状语
例如：The plane is going to Beijing.
3.当句子中出现了always 、forever 、constantly 、continually 、
All the time等
例如：I am always thinking of you.
三． 倍数比较
1.A+系动词+倍数词+as+ adj \adv的原型+as+B
例如：The class is twice as big as that one.
2.A+系动词+倍数词+adj\adv的比较级+than+B
例如：The class is twice bigger than that class.
3.A+系动词+倍数词+the size\amount(数量)\ength\width\height
\depth\+of+B
例如：The class is twice the size of that class.
四． With的复合结构
1． With+宾语+宾语补足语
宾语补足语根据逻辑意义的不同可以是不同的词语，如形容词、现在分词、过去分词、副词、介词短语、不定式等，with在复合结构中常作状语
2.常用结构
○1with+宾语+doing
表主动与进行
例如：Tom was quite safe with Lucy standing behind him.
○2with+宾语+done
表被动与完成
例如：With all things she need bought,she went home.
○3with+宾语+to do
表将来
例如：With so many thing to deal with.
五． 现在完成进行时
现在完成进行时
1．基本表达式（I have been doing ）
I/ we/ you/ they have been doing sth.
he/ she/ it has been doing sth.
2．表示从过去某时开始一直持续到现在的动作，并且还将持续下去。
The Chinese have been making paper for two thousand years.
中国有2000年的造纸历史。（动作还将继续下去）
I have been learning English since three years ago.
自从三年前以来我一直在学英语。（动作还将继续下去）
3．表示在说话时刻之前到现在正在进行的动作。
We have been waiting for you for half an hour.
我们已经等你半个钟头了(人还没到，如同在电话里说的，还会继续等)
4．有些现在完成进行时的句子等同的句子。
例如：They have been living in this city for ten years.
They have lived in this city for ten years.
他们在这个城市已经住了10年了。
I have been working here for five years.
I have worked here for five years.
我在这里已经工作五年了。
5．大多数现在完成进行时的句子不等同于现在完成时的句子。
例如：I have been writing a book.（动作还将继续下去）
我一直在写一本书。
I have written a book.（动作已经完成）
我已经写了一本书。
They have been building a bridge.
他们一直在造一座桥。
They have built a bridge.
他们造了一座桥。
6．表示状态的动词不能用于现在完成进行时。
例如：I have known him for years.
我认识他已经好几年了。
I have been knowing...
这类不能用于现在完成进行时的动词还有：love爱，like喜欢， hate讨厌，等。
注意：比较过去时与现在完成时
1．过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，强调动作；现在完成时为过去发生的，强调过去的事情对现在的影响，强调的是影响。
2．过去时常与具体的时间状语连用，而现在完成时通常与模糊的时间状语连用，或无时间状语。
一般过去时的时间状语:
yesterday, last week，…ago, in1980, in October, just now, 具体的时间状语
共同的时间状语:
this morning, tonight,this April, now, once，before, already, recently，lately
现在完成时的时间状语
for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till / until, up to now, in past years, always,
不确定的时间状语
3．现在完成时可表示持续到现在的动作或状态，动词一般是延续性的，如live, teach, learn, work, study, know.
过去时常用的非持续性动词有come, go, leave, start, die, finish, become, get married等。
例如： I saw this film yesterday.
（强调看的动作发生过了。）
I have seen this film.
（强调对现在的影响，电影的内容已经知道了。）
Why did you get up so early?
（强调起床的动作已发生过了。）
Who hasn't handed in his paper?
（强调有卷子，可能为不公平竞争。）
She has returned from Paris.
她已从巴黎回来了。
She returned yesterday.
她是昨天回来了。
He has been in the League for three years.
(在团内的状态可延续)
He has been a League member for three years.
(是团员的状态可持续)
He joined the League three years ago.
( 三年前入团，joined为短暂行为。)
I have finished my homework now.
---Will somebody go and get Dr. White?
---He's already been sent for.
句子中如有过去时的时间副词（如 yesterday, last, week, in 1960）时，不能使用现在完成时，要用过去时。
（错）Tom has written a letter to his parents last night. （对）Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night.
六．过去完成时
1． 概念：表示过去的过去
其构成是had +过去分词构成。
那时以前 那时 现在
2． 用法
a. 在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词后的宾语从句。
She said (that) she had never been to Paris.
b. 状语从句
在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中，发生在先，用过去完成时；发生在后，用一般过去时。
When the police arrived, the thieves had run away.
c. 表示意向的动词，如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等，用过去完成时表示"原本…，未能…"
We had hoped that you would come, but you didn't.
3．过去完成时的时间状语before, by, until , when, after, once, as soon as。
例如：He said that he had learned some English before.
By the time he was twelve, Edison had began to make a living by himself.
Tom was disappointed that most of the guests had left when he arrived at the party.
七．现在完成进行时
1．其构成形式如下：
I / we / they have been + 动词的现在分词
He / she / it has been + 动词的现在分词 功用如下：
2． 表示一个在过去开始而在最近刚刚结束的行动，如：
Ann is very tired. She has been working hard.
Why are you clothes so dirty? What have you been doing?
3．表示一个从过去开始但仍在进行的行动，如：
It has been raining for two hours. (现在还在下)
Jack hasn’t been feeling very well recently.
4． 表示一个从过去开始延续到现在，可以包括现在在内的一个阶段内，重复发生的行动，如：
She has been playing tennis since she was eight.
5． 现在完成时强调动作行为的结果、影响，而现在完成进行时只强调动作行为本身，如：
Tom’s hands are very dirty. He has been repairing the car.
The car is going again now. Tom has repaired it.
注意：
现在完成时有否定结构、而现在完成进行时没有否定结构。 现在完成时态可表示做完的时期以及已有的经验、但现在完成进行时不可以 现在完成进行时的否定结构 现在完成进行时有时也可用否定结构。
如： Since that unfortunate accident last week, I haven’t been sleeping at all well. 自从上周发生了那次不幸事故之后，我一直睡得很不好.
He hasn’t been working for me and I haven’t has that much contact with him. 他并没有给我工作过，我和他没有过那许多接触。
6．否定句构成：
主语+has/have+not+been+现在分词
7．一般疑问句构成:
Have/has+主语+been+现在分词+其他
6. 人教版高一英语必修一全册知识点总结O(∩_∩)O谢谢
1）add vt/vi加；添加；增添
add
up合计加起来，但在口语中有时用于否定句，表示“莫名其妙，不说明问题”。
add up to
总计共达，所有一切都说明，总而言之。
add sth（to sth）把……加到……里去。
add to
增加，扩建。
add
表示“继续说，补充说”。
区别add和increase
add意思是“加，增加”，强调添加。或者表示将数字加起来求和。
increase“增加”，表示在数量，产量，尺寸，程度等方面的增加。
2）cheat
v 欺骗；作弊 n 骗子；作弊者；骗人的事
cheat sb of sthcheat sth out of sb
从某人处欺诈某物
cheat on/at/in 作弊，欺诈
3)list v
将事物列于表上；编事物的目录 n 名单；目录；一览表
make a list of 造表，列……表
take…off the
list 从表上去掉……
stand first on the list 居首位，列前茅
as listed above
如上所列
4）share
share in 分享，分担，共用
share
sth with sb 和某人共用/共享某事物
share out
分配，分发；得到股息，升股息
share（n.）in/of 一分，部分
5）trust
vi/vt 信任，信赖；依赖
trust in 相信，信任，信仰
trust to
依靠（运气等），依赖
trust that…希望，想
6）suffer vt/vi
遭受，受到，蒙受；受痛苦，受折磨，受惩罚，受损伤
suffer from 受……伤害；患……病痛
注意：suffer 和
suffer from 都不能用于被动语态
7）calm vt/vi/adj.
使平静；使镇定。平静的，镇静的，沉着的。
calm down
平静下来，镇定下来
quite指人对外界事物感触的安静。对人时，侧重不激动，平静温和，不发表意见。
still指完全没有声音或者没有动静，突然静止不动。
silent主要指人不爱说话，沉默不语。
8）concern
be
concerned about担心，关心
as/so far as…be concerned
关于，至于，就某人而言
have no concern for 毫不关心
concern oneself
in/with/about sth 忙于，从事；关心，关切
have a concern in和……有厉害关系
be
concerned in/with 参与，与……有关
9）separate v/adj 分开，和……分手；单独的，分开的，不同的
separate…from
使……和……分离
10）reason
lose one’s reason
失去理智，发狂
by reason of 由于
bring sb to reason
说服某人理智些
within reason 合理
without reason 不合理
listen to
reason 听从道理
reason sb into/out of sth
以理说服某人做/不做某事
11）power
beyond /out of one’s
power 力所不及的，不能胜任的
=not within one’s power
in power
当权的，握有政权的
come into
power掌权，得势
12）habit
form / make a habit of
doing=make it a habit to do sth 养成做某事的习惯
be in the habit of
有……的习惯
fall/get into a habit of 沾染（养成）……习惯
break（off）a
habit=get out a habit 戒除一种习惯
form good habits 养成良好的习
out of
habit 出于习惯
13）according
to为介词短语，后跟名词，代词，不能很从句，表示“根据；按照；试……而定”。
according
to其后引出的信息应来自别人或者别处，不能来自说话者自己。
according
to其后不能跟opinion，view等名词。
according as
相当于连词，后跟从句，意为“正像，根据，按照，如果”。
14）join
in
区别join；join in；take part in；attend
join
参加某个组织或者团体（党派，军队等），并且成为其中的一员。
join in
参加正在进行着的活动，如游戏，讨论，辩论，谈话等。
take part in
参加会议或者群众性的活动，并且在其中法会一定的作用。
attend
参加会议、仪式、婚礼、葬礼、上课、上学、听报告等。重在强调“参与”的动作，不强调参加者的作用。
15）dare
作实意动词有人称和数的变化，也有时态的变化；作情态动词，用于否定句，疑问句和条件句中，有时态的变化，但是没有人称和数的变化。
①在肯定据中的dare，dares，dared之后，不定式一遍加to。
②在否定句中和疑问句中的dare之后，不定时一般不加to。
③在用do或者does构成的否定句和疑问句中，理论上虽然应该有to，实际使用却经常把to省略。
I
dare say…我敢打赌说……
16）go through
经历；经受；通过考试；经过；审阅；检查
go with 伴随，与……协调 go up 上升；建起；上涨 go
over检查，审查；复习，重温
go out 熄灭；公布；播出 go ahead 进行，进展；（with）赞同 go
into从事，参加（某一行业）；调查
17）get along with
同……相处；进展
get away 离开；逃避get back 回来；拿回get down 拿下；写下 get in
进入；收获
get down to 开始认真做……get on/off 上/下车 get over 克服；战胜 get across
被理解
get through 完成；通过；接通电话 get up 起床 get it
明白，理解；猜中
18）with复合结构，也可以叫做独立主格结构，在格式上没有谓语动词，在句中常作状语，表示伴随，原因，方式，条件等。
①with+名词+介词短语。在句中作状语，作后置定语。
②with+名词/代词+过去分词。其中过去分词表示被动或者完成了的动作。
③with+名词/代词+现在分词。其中现在分词表示主动或者正在进行的动作。
④with+名词/代词+不定式。其中不定式表示将要发生的动作。
⑤with+名词/代词+形容词。
19）no
longer=not…any longer
表示不再继续或者再现过去某一时刻发生或存在而一直延续的动作/状态时，常用于过去时、现在时或者将来时的句子中。
no
more=not…any more 表示再也不重复过去反复发生的动作时，常用于过去时或者将来时的句子中。
When he saw the
toy，the baby cried no longer.当看到玩具时，那婴儿不再哭了。
Now she wasn’t afraid any
more..现在她再也不害怕了。
20）①settle down to 决心去做……，专心去做……
settle on/upon 决定……，选定……
②have trouble with
使伤脑筋，苦恼；跟某人闹别扭
ask for trouble 自讨苦吃
be in trouble 在困境中，有纠纷 get sb into trouble
陷入困境
make trouble 惹麻烦 put sb to
trouble 麻烦某人 take the trouble to do
费力做
7. 高中必修一英语语法总结
求高中必修一英语语法的总结
总之，语法是从语言实践中总结出来的规则，总结是自己的事。别人的总结，给了你，也不能成为你的知识。语法书可以说