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初中英语动词语法用法

发布时间:2021-02-25 04:50:51

⑴ 初中英语动词语法

掌握了动词,你学起英语来就会感到驾轻就熟了。告诉你,一定要记牢动词的现在分词,过去式,过去分词,如果在这些小地方丢分,那才讨厌呢。比如:catch 的过去式和过去分词(caught,caught) 你可能就不知道吧?痛下决心,好好记一记吧。下面呢,我们就各个击破。先讲系动词。

系动词:大概是最简单的动词了。你只需注意的是系动词除了be的形式之外,还有become,get,grow,turn,sound,look,smell,taste等,它们不能单独作谓语,必须和作表语的词语(如形容词, 名词等) 连用, 所以用的时候,可要小心为是呀!如:It smells delicious.(它闻起来味道很美)。delicious 是形容词,不是副词。

情态动词:首先要记住情态动词后必跟动词原形。must和need几乎是每年的必考题,这里我们重点讲一下。

must的意思是"应当,必须",侧重于说话者的主观看法,没有时态变化,其否定式是mustn't,在"Must I(we) ...."的疑问句中,须注意的是其否定回答常用needn't。如:Must I go?(我一定要走吗?)No,you needn't.(不,不必。)

need意为"需要"。既可作实义动词,又可作情态动词,因此在用法上需要注意。作实义动词时,need后跟名词,动名词,或不定式。如:I need to go. (我得走了。) 作情态动词时,后跟动词原形。如:You needn't come tomorrow if you are busy. (如果你忙,明天就不必来了。)

实意动词: 实意动词可谓家族兴旺,人员众多。我们跑(run),我们跳(jump),我们笑(laugh),这些都得用实意动词来表达。我们一起来看一看一些特殊的词吧。它们在接动名词和不定式时意义有所不同。

stop:这个词让好多同学大伤了一番脑筋,到底什么时候加to do,什么时候加

doing 呢?两者意义又有什么不同呢?OK, Come with me. 看下面两个句子。

When the teacher came in, they stopped to read.

When the teacher came in, they stopped talking.

第一句的意思是"当老师进来时,他们停下来开始读书"。而第二句的意思是 "老师进来时,他们停止了说话"。所以stop to do sth表示"停止正在做的事情去干另一件事"。而stop doing表示"中断正在做的某事"。现在明白了吗?

forget,remember,regret 这三个词用法基本相同,只要记住+doing 表示"事情已经做过",+to do表示"事情还未做"就可以了。forget to do 忘记要去做某事。(未做)forget doing 忘记做过某事。(已做) 如:The light is still on. He forgot to turn it off. 灯还在亮着,他忘记关了。 ( 没有做关灯的动作)He forgot turning the light off. 他忘记他已经关了灯了。( 已做过关灯的动作)

感官动词:see,watch, notice,look at,hear,listen to,smell,taste,feel 等 +do 表示动作的完整性,真实性 +doing 表示动作的连续性,进行性。如:I saw him work in the garden yesterday. 昨天我看见他在花园里干活了。(强调"我看见了"这个事实) I saw him working in the garden yesterday.(强调"我见他正干活"这个动作)昨天我见他正在花园里干活。

⑵ 初中英语动词所有的用法

过去式 例 be:was/were do:did have:had……
过去进行时 例专 was going / were doing……属
一般现在时 例 go/gose do/dose……
现在进行时 例 is doing/ is watching……
将来时 例 is going to do/ will.../is doing ……
过去将来时 例 would/ was going to be ……

初中大概就这么几个用法

⑶ 初中英语动词用法及例句

初中英语重点动词用法

1.allowsbtodosth允许某人去做某事(后接动词不定式)例句:.

2.asksb(not)todosth叫某人(不要)做事某事beaskedtodosth被叫去做某事例句:Myfatheraskedmetostudyhard.Heaskedmenottoswimalone.

.

3.beafraidtodosth害怕做某事例句:Sheisafraidtoaskmequestions.

4.beafaidofdoingsth害怕做某事例句:Iamafraidofgoingoutatnight.

5.beafaidofsth害怕某物例句:Heisafraidofsnakes.

6.beamazedtodosth对做某事感到惊讶例句:Hewasamazedtomeetthegirlthere.

beamazedatsth对某事感到惊讶例句:Theywereamazedatthenews.

7.bebusydoing/withsth忙于做某事(常考)例句:.

Iambusywithmywork.

8.becoming/going/leaving/fiying/moving/dying(某些位移动词用进行时态时表将来)

例句:thebusiscoming/thedogisdying.

9.beexcitedtodosth对做……感到兴奋例句:.

beexcitedatsth例句:Lilywasexcitedathiswords.

beexcitedaboutdoingsth例句:

books.

10.befrightenedtodosth害怕去做某事例句:Samisfrightenedtorideahorse.

11.beglad/happytodosth高兴去做某事例句:.

bepleasedtodosth高兴做某事例句:.bepleasedwithsth对某事感到高兴/满意例句:.

12.beinterestedinsth/doingsth对某事感兴趣/对做某事感兴趣

例句:.

13.Bereadyforsth为某事做好了准备例句:Wearereadyfortheexam.

Bereadytodosth为做某事做好了例句:.

getreadyforsth为某事在做准备

getreadyforsth为做某事而做准备13.besorrytodosth对做某事感到抱歉

14.besurprisedtodosth对做某事感到惊奇

besurprisedatsth对某事感到惊奇

15.beworthdoingsth值得做某事(worth后接动词-ing形式,常考)

16.begin/starttodo/doingsth开始去做某事

17.can/beabletoafford(tobuy)sth有能力购买(供)……18.can/may/mustdosthcould/would/should/mightdosth

19.can’twaittodosth迫不急待地去做某事

20.decidetodosth决定去做某事

makeupone’smindtodosth下决心去做某事(常考)

makeadecisiontodosth对做某事作出决定

21.deservetodosth值得/应该做……

22.encouragesbtodosth鼓励某人去做某事

23.enjoydoingsth乐意去做某事

24.expect(sb)todosth期望去做某事

25.failtodosth做某事失败succeeddoingsth成功做了某事

26.finishdoingsth做完某事(后接动词-ing形式)(常考)

27.followsbtodosth跟随某人去做某事

28.getsbtodosth/makesbdosth/letsbdosth让某人做某事

29.get/haveachancetodosth得到一个做某事的机会

30.give/pass/show/lend/sellsbsth/sthtosb

buy/get/bringsbsth/sthforsb

31.goontodosth继续做事(同一件事情)goondoingsth继续做事(转而做另一件事情)

32.hatetodo/doingsth讨厌/不喜欢做某事

33.havefundoingsth

34.haveproblemsdoingsth做某事遇到困难

35.havesbdosth/havesthdone/havesbdoing让某人做某事

36.hearsbdosth听到某人做某事(后接动词原形,常考)

hearsbdoingsth听到某人正在做某事(常见)

37.helpsb(to)dosth/helpsbwithsth帮助某人做某事

38.hope/wishtodosth希望做某事

wishsbtodosth

39.Itseemsthat似乎;好像……(后接从句)seemtodosth例句:Theyseemtohavehaddinner.

seem+adj例句:Tomseemsunhappy.

40.It’s+adj+(forsb)todosth.It’s+adj+(ofsb)todosth

41.Ittakessbsometime/moneytodosth.花费某人多长时间做某事(常考)

42.pay…for…costspend…on…..spend…indoing43.It’sbestforsbtodosth.对某人来说做某事是最好的

hadbetterdosth最好做某事(注意had没有时态和人称的变化,better后接动词原形)

44.It’stimeforsbtodosth是某人做某事的时候了

45.keep(on)doingsth坚持做某事(常考)keepsbdoingsth让某人做某事(常考)keepsbfromdoingsth阻止某人做某事(常考)

keepsb/sth+adj

例句:keepthebookfor2days借这本书两天(不要用borrow或lend)

46.learntodosth学做某事learnsthfromsb向某人学习

47.liketodo/doingsth喜欢做某事likesbtodosth喜欢某人做某事

48.needtodosth需要做某事needdoingsth/tobedone

needsth需要某物needn’thavedonesth本没有必要做某事didn’tneedtodo没有必要做某事

49.prefertodosthratherthandosth宁愿……而不愿……(常考)

preferdoingsthtodoingsth喜欢做……胜过做……e.g:.

prefertodosth喜欢(爱)做某事

50.refusetodosth拒绝做……

51.remember/forgettodosth记得/忘记做某事remember/forgetdoingsth记得/忘记做过某事

52.seesbdosth看见某人做某事(结果)seesbdoingsth看见某人正在做某事(正在进行中)

beseentodosth做某事被看见

53.somethingtoeat/drink一些吃/喝的东西(词不定式放在something等后修饰这些词)

e.g:Ineedsomethingtoeat.我要一些吃的东西。

54.spendsometime(in)doingsth/onsth花费时间做某事(注意动词要用ing形式)(常考)

spendsomemoneyonsth/doingsth买……花了多少钱

55.Sthishard/difficult/easytodo.做好某事很难/容易

56.stoptodosth停下来去某事(两件事)(常考)stopdoingsth停止做某事(一件事)(常考)stopsb(from)doingsth阻止某人做某事(常考)

57.taketurnstodosth轮流做……

58.tellsb(not)todosth叫某人去(不要)做某事betoldtodosth被告知不要做某事

59.Thereisnoneed(forsb)todosth对某人来说没必要做某事

60.Thereisnotime(forsb)todosthhavenotimetodosth没时间做某事

61.too…(forsb)to…太……以致不能……so…that…not…enoughtodo

e.g:Theboyistooyoungtogotoschool.

62.try/doone’sbesttodosth尽力去做某trytodosth试着(图)做某事

63.usedtodosth过去常做某事(usedtobe+adj/a+n)e.g:Mrwangusedtobeateacherworker.王先生过去是一位工人。

64.want/wouldliketodosth想做……want/wouldlikesbtodosth想某人做……

feellikedoingsth喜爱做某事(注意like后接动词ing形式)

65.warnsb(not)todosth警告某人做某事(或不要做某事)

66.Whydon’tyoudosth?Whynotdosth?为什么不……(表建议的句型,注意用动词原形)表示建议的句型还有:WhatHowabout……?(如果是动词,要用ing形式)Shallwe……?

67.Wouldyoulike(sb)todosth?Yes,I’dloveto.

68.Wouldyouminddoingsth?你介意做某事吗?

Nevermind/Notatall/ofcoursenot/certainlynot.(从不介意/一点也不介意/当然不会了)

69.Wouldyouplease(not)dosth你可不可以不做……?

70.p


71.非延续性动词(终止性动词)

  1. buy---have(has)had

2.borrow---have(has)kept

3.leave---have(has)beenaway

4.go---have(has)beenaway/in…

5.come---have(has)here/in…

6.die---have(has)beendead

7.join---have(has)beenamemberof/in…

8.begin---have(has)on

9.stop---have(has)beenover

Hisdoghasbeendeadforthreedays.Itisthreedayssincehisdogdied.Hisdogdiedthreedaysago.

72.感官动词:(主动语态不带to)1.hear/see/watchsbdosth或2.hear/see/watchsbdoingsth

1.Weoftenhearhimsingthesong.2..

被动语态带to:

1.Heisoftenheardtosingthesong.役使动词:(主动语态不带to)make/letsbdosth..

被动语态带to:

.

⑷ 初中英语动词的用法和固定搭配

中考短语总结
1. …as soon as… 一… 就…
Mary一见到她弟弟就会告诉他这个消息。
Mary will tell her brother this message as soon as he sees him.
我们一到那儿就去爬山了。
We went climbing as soon as we arrived / got / reached there.

2. as + adj./adv.+ as… …和…一样(的 / 地)…
not as(so)…as… …不如 / 不比 … ….
李雷和吉母跑得一样快。
Li Lei runs as fast as Jim.
约翰和你的年龄不一样大。
John is not as (so) old as you.
这部电视剧不如那部有趣。(TV series)
This TV series is not as (so) interesting as that one.

3. as +adj./adv.+ as possible 尽可能 … 的 / 地 …
我们在英语课上应该尽可能地多讲英语。
We should speak English as much as possible in English class.
你能不能尽可能慢一些读这个句子?
Can you read the sentence as slowly as possible?

4. ask sb for sth 向某人要求某物
当你迷路时,你可以向警察需求帮助。
When you get lost, you can ask the police for help.
一些学生经常向父母要钱去玩电子游戏。(video games)
Some students often ask their parents for money to play video games.

他向父母要一辆自行车作为生日礼物。
He asked his parents for a bicycle as his birthday present.

5. ask/ tell sb. (how) to do sth 询问 / 告诉 某人如何做某事
许多学生经常问老师如何才能学好英语。
Many students often ask their teachers how to learn English well.
让我来告诉你如何发邮件。
Let me tell you how to send an e-mail.

6. ask / tell /want sb (not) to do sth. 要求(让)/ 告诉 / 想要 某人 做(不做)某事
护士告诉我服用此药需一日三次,饭后服用。
The nurse told me to take this medicine three times a day after meals.
老师经常告诉我要更加努力地学习。
The teacher often tells me to study harder.
他让我不要再犯同样的错误。
He asked me not to make the same mistake again.

7. make/ let /have sb. (not) do sth 使 / 让 某人做(不做)某事
他使得孩子哭得很厉害。
He made the child cry loudly.
昨天他使我在影院门口等了很长时间。
He made me wait for long (for a long time) at the gate of the cinema yesterday.
直到我们做完了作业,妈妈才让我们去玩球。
Mother didn’t let us play football until we finished our homework.
那个老板迫使工人们每天工作10小时。
That boss made the workers work (for) ten hours a day.
8. be afraid of doing / to do/that 害怕 / 不敢 做某事
这个小女孩不敢晚上出去。
The little girl is afraid to go out in the evening / at night.
他害怕独自呆在家里。
He is afraid of staying at home alone.
许多人担心他们会失去工作。(be afraid that)
Many people are afraid that they will lose their jobs.

9. be busy with sth. / doing sth. 忙于某事 / 做某事
现在学生们忙于准备考试。
Now students are busy preparing for the exams.
昨天下午妈妈都在忙着做家务。(两种)
Mother was busy with housework yesterday afternoon.
Mother was busy doing housework yesterday afternoon.

10. be famous / late /ready / sorry for sth.
因…而著名 / (做)…迟到了 / 晚了 / 为…准备 / 为… 而抱歉
如果你不快点,你就会上班迟到。
If you don’t hurry, you will be late for work.
杭州以丝绸而出名。
Hangzhou is famous for silk.
我们已经准备好迎接奥运会了。
We have been ready for the Olympic Games.
我为我的错误而抱歉。
I am sorry for my mistake.
11. be glad that 很高兴…
我很高兴你能来参加晚会。
I am very glad that you can come to the evening party.
老师很高兴我们班得了第一名。
The teacher was very glad that our class was the first / won the first prize.
12. give/ show/ bring/ lend/ send/ pass/ tell / offer sth to sb
buy/give/ show/ send/ pass/ bring/ lend/ tell sb. sth
给某人某物;给某人看某物;给某人带来某物;借给某人某物;送给某人某物;递给某人某物;把某事告诉给某人;主动给某人某物
请递给我一张纸。
Please pass me a piece of paper.
=Please pass a piece of paper to me.
请把你的画给我看看。
Please show me your picture.
=Please show your picture to me
他借给我一辆自行车。
He lent me a bike.
=He lent a bike to me.
别忘了下次来给我带点儿钱。
Don’t forget to bring me some money when you come here next time.
= Don’t forget to bring some money to me when you come here next time.

13. either…or… 或… 或…, 不是… 就是…, 要么…要么…
不是你,就是他是对的。
Either you or he is right. V. 就近原则
每个周末,我们要么去公园,要么呆在家里。
We either go to a park or stay at home every weekend. (at/on weekends.)
要了解世界,人们既可以读报纸,也可以看电视。
People can either read newspapers or watch TV to get to know the world.

14. neither…nor… 既不… 也不…, 两者都不…
我和他都没有读过这本书。
Neither he nor I have ever read this book. V. 就近原则
这个女孩已经十岁了,但她既不会读书,也不会写字。
The girl is already ten, but she can neither read nor write.

15. enjoy/ finish/mind/ keep/ practise/go on doing sth.
享受做…之乐;做完某事;介意做某事;一直做某事;练习做某事;继续做…
我们应该经常练习讲英语。
We should often practice speaking English.
我奶奶一直坚持早晨锻炼身体已经有十年了。
My grandma has kept doing exercise in the morning for ten years.

16. find /think / feel + it + adj. (for sb.)to do sth. 发现/ 认为/觉得 做某事 如何
越来越多的人发现吃太多汉堡包不利于健康。
More and more people have found it unhealthy to eat too many hamburgers.
很多大学生发现在大学中交友很难。
A lot of students have found it very hard to make friends at college.

17. get + adj. 的比较级 + and + adj. 的比较级 变得越来越…
地球变得越来越暖和了。
It gets warmer and warmer on the earth.
春天到了,天气变得越来越热了。
Spring is coming and it’s getting warmer and warmer.
北京变得越来越美丽了。
Beijing is becoming more and more beautiful.

18. The + adj./adv.的比较级, the + adj./adv.的比较级。 越..., 就越…。
天气越冷,人们穿得就越多。
The colder it is, the more people wear.
我们种的树越多,空气就会越干净。
The more trees we plant, the cleaner the air will be.
英语,我们练习得越多,说得就越好。
The more we practice speaking English, the better we can speak.
你越强健,患感冒的机会就越少。
The stronger you are, the less chance you will catch a cold.

19. It is + 序数词+ adj./adv.的最高级 + n.
黄河是中国第二长的河流。
The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.
他是我们班跑得第二快的。
He runs the second fastest in our class.

20. one of the + 最高级 + n. (pl.) 是最…之一者
姚明是世界上最好的篮球运动员之一。
Yao Ming is one of the best basketball players in the world.
三亚是中国最美丽的城市之一。
Sanya is one of the most beautiful cities in China.

21. be/get ready for… 为… 做准备
get … ready 准备好…
北京正在为举办奥运会做准备。
Beijing is getting ready for the Olympic Games.
课上,刘老师要求我们准备好纸和笔听写。(dictation)
Ms. / Mr. Liu asked us to get the paper and pens ready for the dictation in class.

22. had better (not) do sth. 最好(不)做某事
你最好放学后早点回家。
You’d better go home earlier after school.
你最好不要乘飞机去澳门。(Macau)
You’d better not take an airplane to Macau / not fly to Macau / not go to Macau by air.

23. help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事
help sb. with sth. 在某方面帮助某人
昨天下午4点我在帮妈妈洗衣服。
I was helping my mother (to) wash clothes at 4 o’clock yesterday afternoon.
学生们每年都帮助农民摘苹果。(apple harvest)
Students help farmers with the apple harvest every year.

24. I don’t think that… 我认为 / 想 / 觉得 …不…。
我认为他不应该放弃学习英语。
I don’t think he should give up learning English.

他发烧了。我想他明天不会去野餐了。
He has got a fever. I don’t think he will go for a picnic tomorrow.

25. would like sth.
would like to do sth.
would like sb. to do sth.
你想要一些喝的东西吗?(两种)
Would you like something to drink?
Would you like to drink something?

你愿意和我去听新年音乐会吗?
Would you like to go to the New Year concert with me?

我想要他帮我去买词典。
I would like him to buy a dictionary for me.

26. It is + adj. + for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说,做某事……
对他们来说记住这么多单词是很难的。
It is very difficult for them to remember so many words.
对学生们来说,做眼保健操是十分必要的。
It’s quite necessary for students to do the eye exercises.

27. It’s good / better / best / bad / worse / worst (for sb.) to do
做某事 好 / 更好 / 最好 / 糟糕 (很不好) / 更糟糕 / 最糟糕
晚饭后散步是很好的。
It’s good to take a walk / go for a walk after dinner / supper.
对他们来说坐飞机去三亚更好。
It’s better for them to take an airplane to Sanya / to fly to Sanya.
在强烈的阳光下看书很不好。
It’s very bad to read in strong sun.

28. It’s good / bad for… 对……有好处 / 不好。
练习游泳对你的肺部有好处。
It’s good for your lungs to practice swimming.
(Practicing swimming is good for your lungs.)

29. It is a good idea to do sth. 做某事是个好主意。
明天去野餐是个好主意。
It is a good idea to have a picnic tomorrow.
为他开个生日聚会是个好主意。
It is a good idea to hold / have a birthday party for him.

30. sth. looks /sounds/smells/tastes/feels like …
某物 看上去 / 听起来 / 闻起来 / 尝起来 / 摸起来(感觉) 像 ……
这种糖果看上去像玻璃。
This kind of sweets look like glass.
这块蛋糕尝起来像草莓。
This piece of cake tastes like strawberries.
他的建议听起来像个好主意。
His suggestion sounds like a good idea.

⑸ 初中英语动词的各种用法

多数动词后面接动词时要用动词不定式,但有些是特殊的,需要特别记忆回,比如:
感官动词后答要用动词原形或doing,如:see,hear,watch,listen to ,notice,look at,feel
使役动词后要用动词原形,如:make,let,have
还有些动词后必须用doing,如:enjoy,keep,finish,pratise,mind,sonsider等.
还有些动词后面跟动词原形和doing 都行,但是有区别的,如:stop,remember,forget,continue,等,
大体我就说这么些,很难说全面的,我是英语老师,如有疑问,请提出,看是否能够帮到你

⑹ 初中英语语法,以及动词用法,要全的及物动词以及不及

推荐《英语思维:解密英语语法的原理》这本书,其中有关于及物动词和内不及物动词本质的阐述。这容本书也把英语的语法的原理讲透了,和传统的语法教育完全不同,应该说是对传统语法教育的彻底颠覆,可以说是英语语法的数学公式,看完觉得自己真正的理解何为语法了,语法知识也系统了。英语语法间不是彼此割裂的,真的是丝丝相扣,严丝合缝的。

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