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初中英语几大语法

发布时间:2021-02-25 03:00:39

『壹』 初中英语几大语法。 组成部分、

语法项目涉及一下几点
1.名词
(1)可数名词及其单复数 (2)不可数名词 (3)专有名词 (4)名词所有格
2.代词
(1)人称代词 (2)物主代词 (3)反身代词 (4)指示代词 (5)不定代词 (6)疑问代词
3.数词
(1)基数词 (2)序数词
4.介词(词汇表中所列介词的基本用法)
5.连词(词汇表中所列连词的基本用法)
6.形容词
(1)作定语、表语、宾语补足语的基本用法
(2)比较等级(原级、比较级、最高级)的基本用法
①构成 -er,-est;more,the most
②基本句型
as+原级形式+as...
not as(so)+ 原级形式十as...
比较级形式 + than ...
the+最高级形式+... in (of)...
7.副词
(1)表示时间、地点、方式、程度等的基本用法
(2)疑问副词when,where,how
(3)比较等级(原级、比较级、最高级)
①构成 -er,-est;more,the most
②基本句型
as十原级形式+as...
not as (so)十原级形式+as...
比较级形式+than...
the十最高级形式+...in(of)...
8.冠词
(1)不定冠词的基本用法
I have a new bike.

There is an island over there.

(2)定冠词的基本用法

Beijing is the capital of China.

Turn down the radio,please.

I got a book as a present.The book was really nice.

The sun is bigger than the earth.

Who teaches the first class?

The United States is also called USA.

The Browns all get up early in the morning.

Those medicines are for the poor.

9.动词

(1)动词的基本形式

(2)系动词 be,look,turn,get,become,etc.

(3)及物动词和不及物动词

(4)助动词 be,do,have,shall,will,etc.

(5)情态动词can,may,must,need,etc.

10.时态

(1)现在进行时

We're reading the text now.

They're waiting for a bus.

(2)一般现在时

I get up at six O'clock every morning.

He doesn't speak Russian.

They are very busy.

The moon moves round the earth.

When you see him,tell him to come to my place.

I'll go to see you tonight if I'm free.

(3)一般过去时

I Was in Grade One last year.

I got up at five yesterday.

(4)一般将来时

①shall(will)+动词原形

I shall(will) go to your school tomorrow afternoon.

She will be here tomorrow.

②be going to十动词原形

I'm going to help him.

(5)过去进行时

We were having a meeting this time yesterday.

The teacher was talking to some parents when I saw her.

(6)现在完成时

I have already posted the letter.

They have lived here for ten years.

*(7)过去完成时

We had learned four English songs by the end of last year.

The film had already begun when l got to the cinema.

She said that she had not heard from him since he left Beijing.

*(8)过去将来时

He said he would go to the cinema that evening.

Betty said she was going to visit her uncle next Sunday.

11.被动语态

(1)一般现在时的被动语态

English is taught in that school.

(2)一般过去时的被动语态

The song was written by that worker.

(3)一般将来时的被动语态

It will be finished in two hours.

(4)一般现在时带情态动词的被动语态

She must be sent to hospital at once.

12.非谓语动词

(1)动词不定式

①作主语

To learn a foreign language is not easy.

It is not easy to learn a foreign language.

②作宾语

They began to read.

③作宾语补足语

Jim asked me to help him with his lessons.

We often heard her sing.

④作定语

I have an important meeting to attend.

⑤作状语

She went to see her grandma yesterday.

⑥用在how,when,where,what,which等之后

I don’t know how to use a computer.

Do you know when to start?

He didn't know what to do next.

*(2)动词的-ing形式

*(3)动词的-ed形式

13.构词法

(1)合成法classroom,something,readingroom,etc.

(2)派生法worker,drawing,quickly,careful,kindness,cloudy,unhappy,etc.

(3)转化法hand(n.)一hand(v.) dry(adj.)一dry(v.),etc.

(4)缩写和简写US UK sth,sb.etc。

14.句子种类

(1)陈述句(肯定式和否定式)

(2)疑问句(一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句、反义疑问句)

(3)祈使句(肯定式和否定式)

(4)感叹句

15.句子成分

Betty likes her new bike.

He gets up early every day.

To learn a foreign language is not easy.

(2)谓语 (主谓一致)

We work hard.

The boy caught a bird.

He is my brother.

They all look fine.

Either day is fine for me.

He and his classmates are going to the zoo next Sunday.

Reading and writing are very important.

(3)表语

Her sister is a nurse.

It's me.

I' m ready.

He got angry.

We were at home last night.

His cup is broken.

I' m downstairs.

Tom bought a story book.

I saw him yesterday.

He wanted to have a cup of tea.

He gave me some ink.

Our teacher told us an interesting story.

*(5)补语

(6)定语

This is a green jeep.

This is an apple tree.

Are these students your classmates?

Winter is the coldest season of the year.

I have something to tell you.

(7)状语

You are quite right.

She will arrive in Beijing on Monday.

He stopped to have a look.

16. 简单局的基本句型

(1)主语+系动词+表语

The bike is new.

The hat looks nice on you! (feel, taste, smell, sound)

(2) 主语 + 不及物动词

He swims in the river every summer.

(3) 主语+及物动词 + 宾语

Children often sing this song.

She showed her friends all her pictures.

She showed all her pictures to her friends.

We keep our classroom clean and tidy.

(6) there be 句

"Is there a bank near here? .... Yes, there is./No, there isn't."

"Are there any supermarkets in this town? .... Yes, there is one. ,/ No, there aren't any.

"Was there an exam yesterday? .... Yes, there was./No, there wasn't."

"Were there any good films last week? .... Yes, there were./No, there weren't any."

There will be a heavy rain in a few days.

There is gong to be a sport meeting next week.

(06年)

¡ 06年 (15分)假如你叫计划,刚收到原同伴好友John的来信。John是上个学期随父母回加拿大的。这次来信,他想了解学校、班级的近况。请你根据以下内容提示给他回信。(信的开头以给)

提示:

(1)新同学Ann的情况

(2)学校、班级最近的一项活动,如运动会、球赛、郊游、英语晚会等。

要求:

(1)回信必须包括以上两方面内容,可适当发挥。

(2)文中不得出现真实的人名、校名或地名。

(3)词数为60-80。

Dear John,

I’m happy that everything is going on well with you! ________________________

17. 并列复合句

He likes maths, but he needs help.

I help him and he helps me.

18. 主从复合句

宾语从句

He said (that) he felt sick.

I don't know whether (if) she still works in the factory.

I take back what I said.

I can't tell who is there.

Can you tell me where the Summer Palace is?

What do you think the weather will be tomorrow?

时间状语从句

The train had left when I got to the station.

I was watching TV when you called me last night.

While he was walking along the street, he saw an accident.

条件状语从句

I'll go with you to the cinema this afternoon if I'm free.

原因状语从句

The students went to the farm because the farmers needed some help.

比较句式

The earth is bigger than the moon.

状语从句?

He was so tired that he couldn't walk on.

Jack worked hard so that he might get a good job.

状语从句?

Doctor Wang went to the hospital though it rained heavily.

定语从句

Find the girl who is wearing a red skirt.

Show me the picture that you like best.

Colour the birds which (that) are flying.

19.直接引语与间接引语

直接引语
间接引语

She said, "I'm happy at the news."
She said that she was happy at the news.

He said, "I like it very much."
He said that he liked it very much.

She said, "I can speak English very well."
She said (that) she could speak English very well.

They said, "We are swimming in the lake."
They said that they were swimming in the lake.

He said (to me), "I will call you tomorrow."
He told me (that) he would call me tomorrow.

She said to us, "I am going to visit you on Sunday."
She told us (that) she was going to visit us on Sunday.

He said (to us), "Are you ready?"
He asked us if we were ready.

He said (to me), "What do you want?"
He asked me what I wanted.

『贰』 初中英语语法重要的有哪些

时态:现在时态,将来时态。进行时态,被动语态,过去时态。现在完成时态
词类:名词、形容词 、副词 、动词 、代词 、冠词 、数词 、介词 、连词 、感叹词

『叁』 初中英语语法大全

学英语一开始要学发音。英语是拼音文字,由字母组单字。英语字母共有二十六个,其中字母a、e、i、o、u是元音字母,其余二十一个是辅音字母,其中y字母有时当元音字母用。每个字母可以有一个或一个以上的读音,因此,英语语音共有五十个音位,音位的书写形式是音位字母,即音标符号,一个音位字母即音标,表示一个音位,所以,必须先学习五十个KK音标,然后根据发音规则拼读单字。下面是一些常用的发音规则。
一、辅音字母在单字中的发音一般是一对一的,如p-b、t-d、k(qu)、f-v、s-z、r、h、j、m、n、l、w就发它的本音,一般字母和音标写法一致,或者字母名称当中,包含了这个字母的音素。
二、有些辅音字母有多个发音。如:字母c后面接a,o,u的时候,c的发音与字母k发音相同,叫做“hard c sound”,当字母c后面接e,i,或y的时候,通常c的发音与字母s发音相同,叫做“soft c sound” 。有时在e或i前面,c会发/ʃ/音。字母g后面接a,o,u的时候,所发的音叫做“hard g sound” ,当字母g后面接e,i,或y的时候,有时g的发音与字母j的发音相同,叫做“软g音”。x在单词中间或结尾时发/ks/音,在单词中间时有时发/gz/音,在单词起始位置时发/z/音。y在单词起始位置时发音为辅音/j/,单词或音节中间或结尾时被当做元音,在重读开音节里发长元音/aɪ/,在重读闭音节里和词末发短元音/ɪ/。
三、辅音字母组合的发音也是有规律可循的。常见的辅音字母组合有:tr-dr,发音时舌身与r相似,舌尖贴上齿龈后部,气流冲破阻碍发出短促的t-d后立刻发r。ck只发一个k的音,ng的发音是舌头抵住上颚后方所发出的鼻音,n在k之前也这样发音。
四、复合字母构成的单音。digraph是两个(或三个)辅音字母在一起只发一个音,通常指以下四种组合:ch(tch),sh,wh和th。ch发/tʃ/音,sh发/ʃ/音,一般来说wh发/hw/音(清辅音),但在o前面发/h/音,th的发音则需要一些记忆力了,在虚词和一部分代词中发浊音(舌尖在上下牙齿中间,声带需要振动,声音从牙齿和舌头之间的缝隙里出来),其它以th开始的单词基本上都发清音(舌尖在上下牙齿中间,声音从牙齿和舌头之间的缝隙里出来,但是声带不振动)。
五、在有些辅音字母组合中,其中一个字母是不发音的,如kn中的k、ps中的p、mb和bt里的b、mn里的m、wr中的w。在罗曼语族词汇里,辅音字母h一般也不发音;而在法语词源的外来语里,辅音字母在词末也不发音,如depot、ballet、faux pas等。
六、英语里元音的发音比较复杂,每个元音都可以发多个音,掌握了元音的发音规律才能对整个单词的发音有比较准确的掌握。元音字母有五个:a,e,i,o,u,另外y在一个单词的中间或结尾时也被当做元音。每个单词里都包含有至少一个元音,元音是单词的“最强音”。元音所发的音取决于该元音在单词中的位置或它是如何与其它元音组合的。一般来说,如果五个元音字母中的任意一个后面紧接着一个或几个辅音字母,这个元音字母就处于重读闭音节中,发成短音:a发/æ/、e发/ɛ/、i和y都发/ɪ/音、o发/α/、u发/ʌ/音。
七、如果一个单词以字母e结尾,前面的元音发长音,叫做重读相对开音节(magic e)。如果一个元音是在一个单词或重读音节的结尾,该元音也发长音,叫做重读开音节,所谓长音就是元音字母的名字,如:a的长音为/e/,e的长音为/i/,i和y的长音都是/aɪ/,o的长音为/o/,u的长音为/ju/。重读相对开音节结尾的字母e只起到让前面的元音发长音的作用,自己是不发音的。
八、当一个单词或音节里有两个元音时,通常第一个元音发长音,第二个元音不发音,叫做vowel digraph。但是al、au、aw、ou、o有时发/ɔ/这个音,也是长元音。但是,在一些特殊情况下,元音后面紧接着辅音字母的时候,该元音是发长音的。如o在st、ld前,i在gh、gn、ld、nd前都要发长音,但元音字母o接st时有时也发成长元音/ɔ/,如cost,lost等。
九、双元音是两个元音音素组合在一起的,所以听上去有两个音,尽管这两个音并不是两个元音所单独发出的,如oi(oy)和ou(ow)分别发/ɔɪ/和/aʊ/音。
十、元音字母与r结合起来后,发卷舌音,如ar发/αr/、or发/ɔr/、er、ir、ur都发/ɝ/。
十一、五个元音字母在非重读音节中发弱元音/ə/。
学会了发音后,再开始学词汇和语法。英语属于印欧语系的日耳曼西部语支,英语的词汇有开放性,一部分是日耳曼语族词汇,一部分是罗曼语族词汇,还有一部分是从法语、德语、西班牙语、意大利语、拉丁语、希腊语、阿拉伯语以及其它语言引进的词汇。英语属于屈折语,但是它的屈折变化形式相对比较少,除了名词、代词、动词、形容词、副词有词形变化外,数词、冠词、介系词、连接词、感叹词都是不变的,只有简单句、并列句、复合句三种句子结构,词序比较固定。只要你用心学,一定能学好英语这门语言的,希望我能帮助到你。

『肆』 汇总一下初中英语学习语法主要有几大时态

初中英语学习考察的主要是八大时态,详细解释听力课堂网.
1、一内般容现在时
2、一般过去时
3、一般将来时
4、现在进行时
5、过去进行时
6、过去完成时
7、现在完成时
8、过去将来时,

『伍』 初中英语几个语法

第一句是对的
有被动语态
可数名词
有hope sb (will) do sth,没有hope sb to do sth
sb hope to do sth 好像有

『陆』 初中英语重点语法有那几个

我是高中英语老师,从我的角度,来给小盆友提点特别要当心的地方。
1. 词性意识,英语中版不同的权词性,功能不同,用的地方就不同。
比如:happy、happily、happiness;decide、decision。
2. 谓语动词的时态和语态。这其中,动词的种类和及物与否是重点。
不及物动词不能带宾语,及物动词要带宾语,这是整个英语学习过程中最为困难的,光看词本身并不能判断,有许多词中英文有差异,只有靠平常积累。
及物与否搞懂了,语态就毫无问题了。
3. 非谓语动词。
搭配靠老师和自己的总结,如:want to do sth.,feel like doing sth等。
及物与否又是重点与难点。
4. 复合句。搞懂了有利于阅读理解时理解长难句,写作文时驾驭能力强有助得高分。
定语从句、名词性从句又和谓语动词的及物与否关系密切。

5. 最后一条,最基础但最难做好。
掌握基本的语音知识和技能,了解一些构词知识,常见词根、前缀、后缀的意思可以很好的帮助你识记和理解单词。
没有足够的词汇保证,一切都是空谈。

愿你坚持并取得进步。

『柒』 初中英语语法有哪几种

凭记忆,初中英语语法最基本的就两种:
时态+语态
1.时态:一般现在时,一专般过去时,现在进属行时,过去进行时,现在完成时,过去完成时,一般将来时……其他还有几种时态不知道你们会不会学到,可能在高中
2.语态:主动和被动

『捌』 初二英语几个重点语法

一. 知识点总结:
(一)
一般将来时
一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或者存在的状态。通常与表示将来的时间状语连用,如tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, next year, next month, next week, in 100 years等。
be going to do (动词原形)结构:表示打算、准备做的事情或者肯定要发生的事情。如:It is going to rain.
will do 结构表示将来的用法:
1. 表示预见
Do you think it will rain?
You will feel better after a good rest.
2. 表示意图
I will borrow a book from our school library tomorrow.
What will she do tomorrow?
基本构成如下:
一般疑问句构成:
(1)will+主语+do…? Will Sarah come to visit me next Sunday?
(2)there be 结构的一般疑问句:Will there + be …?
Will there be fewer trees? Yes, there will. / No, there won’t
否定句构成:will + not (won’t)+do
Sarah won’t come to visit me next Sunday.
特殊疑问句构成:
特殊疑问词+will+主语+…?What will Sarah do next Sunday?
根据例句,用will改写下列各句
例:I don’t feel well today. (be better tomorrow)
I’ll be better tomorrow.
1. Gina has six classes today. (have a lot of homework tonight)
_____________________________
2. I’m tired now. (sleep later)
_____________________________
3. My parents need a new car. (buy one soon)
_____________________________
4. We can’t leave right now. (leave a little later)
_____________________________
5. The weather is awful today. (be better tomorrow)
_____________________________
答案:1. She’ll have a lot of homework tonight.
2. I’ll sleep later.
3. They’ll buy one soon.
4. We’ll leave a little later.
5. Maybe it’ll be better tomorrow.

(二)should的用法:
should用来提出建议和忠告,后边加动词原形,否定句直接在should后边加not.
例如:I think you should eat less junk food.
我认为你应该少吃垃圾食品。
She drives a lot and she seldom walks. So I think she should walk a lot.
她经常开车,很少走路。所以我认为她应该多走路。
Students shouldn’t spend too much time playing computer games.
学生们不应当花太多的时间玩计算机游戏。
学习向别人提建议的几种句式:
(1)I think you should…
(2)Well, you could…
(3)Maybe you should …
(4)Why don’t you…?
(5)What about doing sth.?
(6)You’d better do sth.
用should或shouldn’t填空
1. I can’t sleep the night before exams.
You ______ take a warm shower before you go to bed.
2. Good friends ______ argue each other.
3. There is little milk in the glass. We _______ buy some.
4. They didn’t invite you? Maybe you ______ be friendlier.
5. I am a little bit overweight. So I think I _______ do exercises every day.
答案:1. should 2. shouldn’t 3. should 4. should 5. should

(三)
过去进行时
过去进行时表示过去某一点时间正在进行的动作或者过去某一段时间内一直进行的动作。
1. 构成
was /were + doing,例如:
I was watching TV at 9 o’clock last night.
at 9 o’clock last night是时间点
They were playing football all afternoon.
all afternoon是时间段
2. 过去进行时的标志词
at 8 o’clock last night, this time yesterday等。例如:
I was having lunch at home this time yesterday.
昨天的这个时候我正在吃午饭。
At that time she was writing a book.
那阵子她在写一本书。(表示她在那段时间里一直在做那件事情。)
用括号中所给动词的适当形式填空。
1. This time yesterday I ____ ______(read)books.
2. At 9 o’clock last Sunday they ______ ______(have)a party.
3. When I _____(come)into the classroom, she ________ ______(read)a storybook.
4. She _____ ______(play)computer games while her mother ____ ______(cook)yesterday afternoon.
5. I _____ ______(have)a shower when you _______(call)me yesterday.
答案:1. was reading 2. were having 3. came; was reading
4. was playing; was cooking 5. was having; called

(四)
间接引语
形成步骤:
(1)不要逗号,冒号,引号
(2)要考虑到人称的变化(人称的变化与汉语是一致的)
(3)要考虑时态的变化
(4)要考虑时间状语、地点状语和语示代词的变化。
1. 直接引语变成间接引语时,几个主要时态的变化规律
直接引语 间接引语
一般现在时 一般过去时
一般将来时 过去将来时
现在进行时 过去进行时
2. 直接引语变成间接引语时,一些词汇的变化规律
直接引语
1. am / is
2. are
3. have / has
4. will
5. can
6. may 间接引语
1. was
2. were
3. had
4. would
5. could
6. might
用括号中所给动词的适当形式填空。
1. She said I _____(be)hard-working.
2. Peter told me he _____(be)bored yesterday.
3. She said she _____(go)swimming last Sunday.
4. Bobby said he _____(may)call me later.
5. Antonio told me he _____(read)a book then.
答案:1. was 2. was 3. went 4. might 5. was reading

请转述他人说的话:
1. I go to the beach every Saturday. (Tom)
2. I can speak three languages. (Lucy)
3. I will call you tomorrow. (Mike)
4. I’m having a surprise party for Lana. (she)

(五)
if引导的条件状语从句
结构:if+一般现在时,主语+将来时
含义:如果……,将要……
例如:If you ask him, he will help you.
如果你请求他,他会帮助你。
If need be, we’ll work all night.
如果需要,我们就干个通宵。
根据中文提示,完成句子。
1. 如果你参加聚会,你将会过得很开心。
If you ________ the party, you __________.
2. 如果明天下雨,我们将不去野餐。
If it __________ tomorrow, we ___________.
3. 如果你经常听英文歌,你将会喜欢英语的。
If you often ________, you _________________.
答案:
1. If you go to the party, you will have a good time
2. If it rains tomorrow, we won’t go to the picnic
3. If you often listen to English songs, you’ll like English

二. 完形填空特点及解题思路
(一)题型分类与特点
完形填空试题是在给出的一篇短文中有目的地拿掉若干个词,留下一些空格,要求考生借助短文保留的部分,从所给的短文整体出发,在正确理解短文意思的基础上,根据句子和句子间的内在联系、词的用法和习惯搭配等,用适当的词或词语填空,使补全后的短文意思通顺、前后连贯、结构完整。这种题型测试的内容从形式上看是单词或短语的填空,但它必须注意到短文中上、下文意思连贯、词语搭配和语法结构正确,所以在空格上所填的词必须符合语义适用和语法正确两条原则,只考虑某一侧面都可能导致错误。中考中完形填空试题的基本题型分两类:完形填空选择题和完形填空题。
1. 完形填空选择题:该题型的特点是将一篇短文中若干词语抽掉留下空格,对每一空格提供若干个选择项,要求考生通读短文后,在理解短文意思的基础上,运用所学的词汇、句型、语法等语言知识,从所提供的备选项中选出一个最佳答案,使短文内容完整正确。中考完形填空主要以这种题型为主。它所给的短文一般与初中英语教材难易程度相当,字数在150-200个单词之内,多数设置10个左右空格,所设考点涉及词汇、语法及对短文内容的理解。短文的第一句一般不设空,以期提供一个语境,对每一空格设置的选项基本都属于相同或对等的词类,给判定选择带来一定的干扰,侧重考查了考生准确运用词汇的能力及对短文的整体理解和逻辑推理能力。
2. 选词填空题:该题型的特点是把抽出的词打乱顺序,不按原文顺序排列,放在短文前面或后面的方框内,有时还增加几个文外的词,要求考生从中选出适当的词以正确的形式填入短文空格内。
(A)
Jack wanted to ask for two days off, 1 he had only learnt the phrase (短语)“have a day off”. He 2 , then he had an idea. “Grandmother is ill. May I have a day off, 3 ? ”he asked the teacher. “Of course, you can. ”replied (答复)the teacher at once. After a while, the boy came to 4 at the teacher’s door. “May I have a day off 5 ? ”The teacher was very surprised, “Didn’t you 6 it just now? ”“Yes, sir. But I can’t be here 7 , either. ”The teacher understood him and could not help 8 . Then he said with a smile, “Why didn’t you say‘May I have two days off? ’”The boy answered quickly 9 a loud voice. “But you only 10 us‘have a day off! ’”
( )1. A. but B. and C. or D. for
( )2. A. thought hardly
B. thought hard and hard
C. hard thought
D. thought and thought
( )3. A. Miss B. sir C. teacher D. Mr
( )4. A. strike B. best C. hit D. knock
( )5. A. also B. again C. too D. once
( )6. A. speak B. tell C. say D. do
( )7. A. tomorrow
B. the day after tomorrow
C. yesterday
D. the day before yesterday
( )8. A. laugh B. to laugh C. laughed D. laughing
( )9. A. with B. on C. in D. by
( )10. A. teach B. taught C. are teaching D. were teaching

(B)
请根据内容从所给的15个单词中选出最恰当的10个填入空白处,使短文完整,有些词要根据需要作适当的词形变化。
than, so, tell, us, them, report, beause, love, composition, understand, to, that, much, for, what
A generation gap (代沟)has become a serious problem. I read a _______(1)about it in the newspaper. Some children have killed _______(2)after quarrels (争吵)with parents. I think this is _______(3)they don’t have a good talk with each other. Parents now spend _______(4)time in the office. _______(5)they don’t have much time to stay with their children. As time passes, they both feel _______(6)they don’t have the same topics(话题)to talk about. I want to _______(7)parents to be more with your children, get to know them and understand them. And for children, show your feeling _______(8)your parents. They are the people who _______(9)you. So tell them your thoughts (想法). In this way, you can have a better _______(10)of each other.

完形填空选择题的一般解题思路是:
1. 跳过空格、通读全文、把握大意。先跳过空格,通读试题所给的要完形填空的短文,获得整体印象,做到弄清文脉、抓住主旨,较好地把握短文大意。要在阅读理解短文意思的基础上才开始判定选择,切忌仓促下笔。
2. 结合选项、综合考虑、初定答案。在理解全文意思的基础上,再结合所给备选项细读全文,联系上、下文内容,注意从上、下文的语法结构和词语搭配及从选择项中寻找解题的提示,以词、句的意义为先,再从分析句子结构入手,根据短文意思、语法规则、词语固定搭配等进行综合考虑,对备选项逐一进行分析、比较和筛选,排除干扰项、初步选定答案。
3. 瞻前顾后、先易后难、各个击破。动笔时要瞻前顾后、通篇考虑、先易后难。对比较明显直接的、自己最有把握的答案先做,一下子不能确定答案的,先跳过这一空格,继续往下做,最后回过头来再集中精力解决难点。这时可结合已确定答案的选项再读一遍短文,随着对短文理解的深入,可以降低试题的难度,提高选择的正确率。
4. 复读全文、逐空验证、弥补疏漏。完成各道题选择后,把所选的答案代入原文,再把全文通读一篇,逐空认真复查。看所选定的答案是否使短文意思前后连贯、顺理成章,语法结构是否正确,是否符合习惯表达法。如发现错误答案或有疑问的,应再次推敲、反复斟酌、做出修正。
完形填空试题的一般解题思路是:
1. 跳过空格、通读短文、了解大意。解题时先跳过空格,通读完形填空的短文,了解全篇的内容和要旨。要重视首句,善于以首句的时态、语气为立足点,理清文脉,推测全文主题及大意。
2. 复读短文、确定语义、判断词形。把握短文大意后再认真复读短文,利用上下文的语境,结合所学过的知识,先确定空格处所需词语的意义,再根据空格在句子中的位置,判断其在句中充当的成分,从而确定所填词的词性,再依据词语搭配和语法规则,判断所填的词的正确形式。
3. 三读短文、上下参照、验证答案。在短文的每一空白处填上一个词后,将完成的短文再细读一遍,上下参照,连贯思考。把所填的答案放入短文中进行检验,可从上、下文内容是否协调一致、顺理成章,语法结构是否正确无误等进行综合验证,凡有疑问必须重新推敲考虑。

(三)课文阅读指导
1. 初中阅读
阅读理解能力
(1)理解主旨要义
(2)理解文中具体信息
(3)根据上下文猜测生词的意义
(4)做出简单判断的推理
(5)理解文章的基本结构
(6)理解作者的意图和态度
2. 培养良好阅读习惯
(1)扩大视距
(2)克服声读
(3)克服逐字读
3. 猜测词文
(1)通过标题或主题句进行预测
(2)文章的标题或主题句可包括作者的意图和倾向、篇章的总体意义和深层意义,因此通过文章标题或主题句进行预测,以便正确理解。
(3)通过语篇标记进行预测
(4)语篇标记包括关联词、转换词也包括其他关键词。
(5)利用背景知识预测
(6)利用图片进行预测

『玖』 初中英语共有几大语法中考最容易考的都有什么

语法要精,就用复奥风!推制荐你用奥风英语的 中学语法三剑客 试试。包括 中考语法完全突破 视频教程,记忆大纲,和精编中考语法专项练习,三件一套,视频供学习理解,比看书高效易懂,尤其对于基础弱的学生来说更是方便,相当于请名师一对一辅导了,大纲供背诵记忆,练习供运用巩固,学记练一体,全面系统,配套完善,直节针对中考,可以说是目前公认最好的语法资料了。网络 中考语法完全突破 即可找到视频,不妨搜来看看。

『拾』 初中英语语法都有哪些

语法项目 构 成 用 法 象 征 词 规则变化 不规则变化 例 句
一般现在时 动词用原形
三人称单数-s / es 表示经常性的
动作或状态 Every often always on 天 in月、季、节、年.一般-s –es 辅音+y---ies have----has
He goes to school every day.
I often have lunch at home.
一般过去时 动词用过去时
Be—was/ were 表过去某个、段时间内动作及状态 ago/just now /In1998 last/yesterday 等 一般/去e 双写/辅+y结尾-ied go-went come-came
do-did leave-left等 He wrote a letter yesterday.
I studied hard last year.
一般将来时 be going to+V原
will / shall + V原 在将来某个时间或
某段时要做的事 tomorrow / after
next / tonight in 2010
Go come leave stay
fly等用进行表将来 Are you going to read
He is coming tomorrow .
现在进行时 be+doing 表此时此刻正进行的动作或状态 listen look now
all the time Don’t… 一般去e 双写
+ing tie die lie –
变ie为y加ing Tom is writing now .
They are lying on the bed .
现在完成时
现在完成进行 have / has +PP
have/has
been+doing 发生在过去影响在现在的动作或状态等 含糊的频率副词 already just never ever
分词规则的同过去式是一样的 不规则的动词的过去分词需逐个记忆 I have been teaching for 8 years.
He has slept for two days.
.过去进行时 was / were +doing
多用于复合句中 表在过去某时间正在进行的动作 at this time yesterday
last Sunday evening 一般去e 双写
+ing tie die lie –
变ie为y加ing He was reading at that time
last Friday
过去完成时 had+动过去分词
多用于复合句中 该动作发生在过去的过去 by the time+过去时
when after before 规则的分词构成与过去时一样的 需要逐个记忆
详见不规则动词表 We had learnt 2000 words
by the end of last year.
过去将来时 would + V 原形
多用宾语从句中 过去看来将要发生的动作或状态 He said that he… the next day .He said that he would come here the next day .
比较级形式
形容副词名词 后--er 前加more
名词比较用more 表示两个人、物
之间进行比较时 than /much/ a little
far / in the two 等 一般/去e 双写/辅+y结尾-ier good/well —better
much/many—more She is the tall in the two.
He runs faster than Tom .
最高级形式
形容副词名词 后-est 前加most
名词比较用most 大于等于三个人、物之间进行比较 in the +比较范围
of the 具体的数字 一般/去e 双写/辅+y结尾-iest bad/ill/badly-worst
far-farther-farthest She is the most beautiful
in her class.(最高级加the)
动词不定式
to do没有人称和数的变化 作主语
To read is helpful for anybody now .作宾语
He wants to buy a dictionary.作宾补
I hear him sing yesterday
Tom told me to open it.作表语
His job is to take care of children .作状语
He’ll go to see a doctor tomorrow .作定语
He has much homework
to do every day .
主从复合句 状语从句
句子作状语 (时间地点原因条件让步比较)
He was writing a letter when I came in.宾语从句
句子作宾语(语序、时态、引导词、客观事实)
He asked me if I had been to Beijing before.定语从句
句子作定语(修饰名词或代词的句子、注意先行词)
I saw the man who was stealing my bike yesterday
主动结构

被动结构
主动语态:主语(人、物)+ 谓语 + 宾语
动作执行者 + 及物动词 + 动作承受者
被动语态:主语(人、物)+be PP + by宾语
动作承受者 + be PP + by动作执行者
在被动语态中没有可以省to 的不定式 We speak English .
主语 谓语 宾语
English is spoken by us
宾改主 谓语动词 be PP 主by 宾 主动变被动,先找主、谓、宾,宾改主、主by宾,代词变格要细心,谓语动词be pp,时态随主、数随被
PP 是及物动词的过去分词加ed 或不规则详见表
被动句的时态(be)随主动句的时态(do)人称和数应随被动句的主语(am、is、are、was、were等 )

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