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高一英语必修一语法总结

发布时间:2021-02-24 01:33:08

『壹』 人教版高一英语必修一各个单元的语法知识点

一. 一般现在时
1. 表示主语现在所处的状态及其所具备的特征、性格、能力等
例如:I am a girl.
2. 表示习惯性、经常性的动作
例如:I usually go to bed at 9:00.
3. 标志性的词语
Always often sometimes now and then
4. 若助于为第三人称单数(he she it)则动词要用单三现
二. 现在进行时
1. 说话时正在进行的动作
例如:I am reading.
2.表示即将发生的动作,多用于go come start leave return arrive stay fly等词语之中,句子中常常有时间状语
例如:The plane is going to Beijing.
3.当句子中出现了always 、forever 、constantly 、continually 、
All the time等
例如:I am always thinking of you.
三. 倍数比较
1.A+系动词+倍数词+as+ adj \adv的原型+as+B
例如:The class is twice as big as that one.
2.A+系动词+倍数词+adj\adv的比较级+than+B
例如:The class is twice bigger than that class.
3.A+系动词+倍数词+the size\amount(数量)\ength\width\height
\depth\+of+B
例如:The class is twice the size of that class.
四. With的复合结构
1. With+宾语+宾语补足语
宾语补足语根据逻辑意义的不同可以是不同的词语,如形容词、现在分词、过去分词、副词、介词短语、不定式等,with在复合结构中常作状语
2.常用结构
○1with+宾语+doing
表主动与进行
例如:Tom was quite safe with Lucy standing behind him.
○2with+宾语+done
表被动与完成
例如:With all things she need bought,she went home.
○3with+宾语+to do
表将来
例如:With so many thing to deal with.
五. 现在完成进行时
现在完成进行时
1.基本表达式(I have been doing )
I/ we/ you/ they have been doing sth.
he/ she/ it has been doing sth.
2.表示从过去某时开始一直持续到现在的动作,并且还将持续下去。
The Chinese have been making paper for two thousand years.
中国有2000年的造纸历史。(动作还将继续下去)
I have been learning English since three years ago.
自从三年前以来我一直在学英语。(动作还将继续下去)
3.表示在说话时刻之前到现在正在进行的动作。
We have been waiting for you for half an hour.
我们已经等你半个钟头了(人还没到,如同在电话里说的,还会继续等)
4.有些现在完成进行时的句子等同的句子。
例如:They have been living in this city for ten years.
They have lived in this city for ten years.
他们在这个城市已经住了10年了。
I have been working here for five years.
I have worked here for five years.
我在这里已经工作五年了。
5.大多数现在完成进行时的句子不等同于现在完成时的句子。
例如:I have been writing a book.(动作还将继续下去)
我一直在写一本书。
I have written a book.(动作已经完成)
我已经写了一本书。
They have been building a bridge.
他们一直在造一座桥。
They have built a bridge.
他们造了一座桥。
6.表示状态的动词不能用于现在完成进行时。
例如:I have known him for years.
我认识他已经好几年了。
I have been knowing...
这类不能用于现在完成进行时的动词还有:love爱,like喜欢, hate讨厌,等。
注意:比较过去时与现在完成时
1.过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情,强调动作;现在完成时为过去发生的,强调过去的事情对现在的影响,强调的是影响。
2.过去时常与具体的时间状语连用,而现在完成时通常与模糊的时间状语连用,或无时间状语。
一般过去时的时间状语:
yesterday, last week,…ago, in1980, in October, just now, 具体的时间状语
共同的时间状语:
this morning, tonight,this April, now, once,before, already, recently,lately
现在完成时的时间状语
for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till / until, up to now, in past years, always,
不确定的时间状语
3.现在完成时可表示持续到现在的动作或状态,动词一般是延续性的,如live, teach, learn, work, study, know.
过去时常用的非持续性动词有come, go, leave, start, die, finish, become, get married等。
例如: I saw this film yesterday.
(强调看的动作发生过了。)
I have seen this film.
(强调对现在的影响,电影的内容已经知道了。)
Why did you get up so early?
(强调起床的动作已发生过了。)
Who hasn't handed in his paper?
(强调有卷子,可能为不公平竞争。)
She has returned from Paris.
她已从巴黎回来了。
She returned yesterday.
她是昨天回来了。
He has been in the League for three years.
(在团内的状态可延续)
He has been a League member for three years.
(是团员的状态可持续)
He joined the League three years ago.
( 三年前入团,joined为短暂行为。)
I have finished my homework now.
---Will somebody go and get Dr. White?
---He's already been sent for.
句子中如有过去时的时间副词(如 yesterday, last, week, in 1960)时,不能使用现在完成时,要用过去时。
(错)Tom has written a letter to his parents last night. (对)Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night.
六.过去完成时
1. 概念:表示过去的过去
其构成是had +过去分词构成。
那时以前 那时 现在
2. 用法
a. 在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词后的宾语从句。
She said (that) she had never been to Paris.
b. 状语从句
在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中,发生在先,用过去完成时;发生在后,用一般过去时。
When the police arrived, the thieves had run away.
c. 表示意向的动词,如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等,用过去完成时表示"原本…,未能…"
We had hoped that you would come, but you didn't.
3.过去完成时的时间状语before, by, until , when, after, once, as soon as。
例如:He said that he had learned some English before.
By the time he was twelve, Edison had began to make a living by himself.
Tom was disappointed that most of the guests had left when he arrived at the party.
七.现在完成进行时
1.其构成形式如下:
I / we / they have been + 动词的现在分词
He / she / it has been + 动词的现在分词 功用如下:
2. 表示一个在过去开始而在最近刚刚结束的行动,如:
Ann is very tired. She has been working hard.
Why are you clothes so dirty? What have you been doing?
3.表示一个从过去开始但仍在进行的行动,如:
It has been raining for two hours. (现在还在下)
Jack hasn’t been feeling very well recently.
4. 表示一个从过去开始延续到现在,可以包括现在在内的一个阶段内,重复发生的行动,如:
She has been playing tennis since she was eight.
5. 现在完成时强调动作行为的结果、影响,而现在完成进行时只强调动作行为本身,如:
Tom’s hands are very dirty. He has been repairing the car.
The car is going again now. Tom has repaired it.
注意:
现在完成时有否定结构、而现在完成进行时没有否定结构。 现在完成时态可表示做完的时期以及已有的经验、但现在完成进行时不可以 现在完成进行时的否定结构 现在完成进行时有时也可用否定结构。
如: Since that unfortunate accident last week, I haven’t been sleeping at all well. 自从上周发生了那次不幸事故之后,我一直睡得很不好.
He hasn’t been working for me and I haven’t has that much contact with him. 他并没有给我工作过,我和他没有过那许多接触。
6.否定句构成:
主语+has/have+not+been+现在分词
7.一般疑问句构成:
Have/has+主语+been+现在分词+其他

『贰』 高一英语语法汇总

高一英语必修一语法要点
一. 一般现在时
1. 表示主语现在所处的状态及其所具备的特征、性格、能力等
例如:I am a girl.
2. 表示习惯性、经常性的动作
例如:I usually go to bed at 9:00.
3. 标志性的词语
Always often sometimes now and then
4. 若助于为第三人称单数(he she it)则动词要用单三现
二. 现在进行时
1. 说话时正在进行的动作
例如:I am reading.
2.表示即将发生的动作,多用于go come start leave return arrive stay fly等词语之中,句子中常常有时间状语
例如:The plane is going to Beijing.
3.当句子中出现了always 、forever 、constantly 、continually 、
All the time等
例如:I am always thinking of you.
三. 倍数比较
1.A+系动词+倍数词+as+ adj \adv的原型+as+B
例如:The class is twice as big as that one.
2.A+系动词+倍数词+adj\adv的比较级+than+B
例如:The class is twice bigger than that class.
3.A+系动词+倍数词+the size\amount(数量)\ength\width\height
\depth\+of+B
例如:The class is twice the size of that class.
四. With的复合结构
1. With+宾语+宾语补足语
宾语补足语根据逻辑意义的不同可以是不同的词语,如形容词、现在分词、过去分词、副词、介词短语、不定式等,with在复合结构中常作状语
2.常用结构
○1with+宾语+doing
表主动与进行
例如:Tom was quite safe with Lucy standing behind him.
○2with+宾语+done
表被动与完成
例如:With all things she need bought,she went home.
○3with+宾语+to do
表将来
例如:With so many thing to deal with.
五. 现在完成进行时
现在完成进行时
1.基本表达式(I have been doing )
I/ we/ you/ they have been doing sth.
he/ she/ it has been doing sth.
2.表示从过去某时开始一直持续到现在的动作,并且还将持续下去。
The Chinese have been making paper for two thousand years.
中国有2000年的造纸历史。(动作还将继续下去)
I have been learning English since three years ago.
自从三年前以来我一直在学英语。(动作还将继续下去)
3.表示在说话时刻之前到现在正在进行的动作。
We have been waiting for you for half an hour.
我们已经等你半个钟头了(人还没到,如同在电话里说的,还会继续等)
4.有些现在完成进行时的句子等同的句子。
例如:They have been living in this city for ten years.
They have lived in this city for ten years.
他们在这个城市已经住了10年了。
I have been working here for five years.
I have worked here for five years.
我在这里已经工作五年了。
5.大多数现在完成进行时的句子不等同于现在完成时的句子。
例如:I have been writing a book.(动作还将继续下去)
我一直在写一本书。
I have written a book.(动作已经完成)
我已经写了一本书。
They have been building a bridge.
他们一直在造一座桥。
They have built a bridge.
他们造了一座桥。
6.表示状态的动词不能用于现在完成进行时。
例如:I have known him for years.
我认识他已经好几年了。
I have been knowing...
这类不能用于现在完成进行时的动词还有:love爱,like喜欢, hate讨厌,等。
注意:比较过去时与现在完成时
1.过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情,强调动作;现在完成时为过去发生的,强调过去的事情对现在的影响,强调的是影响。
2.过去时常与具体的时间状语连用,而现在完成时通常与模糊的时间状语连用,或无时间状语。
一般过去时的时间状语:
yesterday, last week,…ago, in1980, in October, just now, 具体的时间状语
共同的时间状语:
this morning, tonight,this April, now, once,before, already, recently,lately
现在完成时的时间状语
for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till / until, up to now, in past years, always,
不确定的时间状语
3.现在完成时可表示持续到现在的动作或状态,动词一般是延续性的,如live, teach, learn, work, study, know.
过去时常用的非持续性动词有come, go, leave, start, die, finish, become, get married等。
例如: I saw this film yesterday.
(强调看的动作发生过了。)
I have seen this film.
(强调对现在的影响,电影的内容已经知道了。)
Why did you get up so early?
(强调起床的动作已发生过了。)
Who hasn't handed in his paper?
(强调有卷子,可能为不公平竞争。)
She has returned from Paris.
她已从巴黎回来了。
She returned yesterday.
她是昨天回来了。
He has been in the League for three years.
(在团内的状态可延续)
He has been a League member for three years.
(是团员的状态可持续)
He joined the League three years ago.
( 三年前入团,joined为短暂行为。)
I have finished my homework now.
---Will somebody go and get Dr. White?
---He's already been sent for.
句子中如有过去时的时间副词(如 yesterday, last, week, in 1960)时,不能使用现在完成时,要用过去时。
(错)Tom has written a letter to his parents last night. (对)Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night.
六.过去完成时
1. 概念:表示过去的过去
其构成是had +过去分词构成。
那时以前 那时 现在
2. 用法
a. 在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词后的宾语从句。
She said (that) she had never been to Paris.
b. 状语从句
在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中,发生在先,用过去完成时;发生在后,用一般过去时。
When the police arrived, the thieves had run away.
c. 表示意向的动词,如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等,用过去完成时表示"原本…,未能…"
We had hoped that you would come, but you didn't.
3.过去完成时的时间状语before, by, until , when, after, once, as soon as。
例如:He said that he had learned some English before.
By the time he was twelve, Edison had began to make a living by himself.
Tom was disappointed that most of the guests had left when he arrived at the party.
七.现在完成进行时
1.其构成形式如下:
I / we / they have been + 动词的现在分词
He / she / it has been + 动词的现在分词 功用如下:
2. 表示一个在过去开始而在最近刚刚结束的行动,如:
Ann is very tired. She has been working hard.
Why are you clothes so dirty? What have you been doing?
3.表示一个从过去开始但仍在进行的行动,如:
It has been raining for two hours. (现在还在下)
Jack hasn’t been feeling very well recently.
4. 表示一个从过去开始延续到现在,可以包括现在在内的一个阶段内,重复发生的行动,如:
She has been playing tennis since she was eight.
5. 现在完成时强调动作行为的结果、影响,而现在完成进行时只强调动作行为本身,如:
Tom’s hands are very dirty. He has been repairing the car.
The car is going again now. Tom has repaired it.
注意:
现在完成时有否定结构、而现在完成进行时没有否定结构。 现在完成时态可表示做完的时期以及已有的经验、但现在完成进行时不可以 现在完成进行时的否定结构 现在完成进行时有时也可用否定结构。
如: Since that unfortunate accident last week, I haven’t been sleeping at all well. 自从上周发生了那次不幸事故之后,我一直睡得很不好.
He hasn’t been working for me and I haven’t has that much contact with him. 他并没有给我工作过,我和他没有过那许多接触。
6.否定句构成:
主语+has/have+not+been+现在分词
7.一般疑问句构成:
Have/has+主语+been+现在分词+其他

『叁』 高一英语必修一知识点总结

人教版新课标高中英语必修一知识点归纳总结(按单元分) 新课标必修1 Unit1 Friendship 重点词组:
be good to 对….友好 add up 合计 another time 改时间 get sth done 使…被做 calm down 镇定下来 have got to 不得不 walk the dog 遛狗 make a list of 列出 hide away 躲藏;隐藏 be concerned about 关心;挂念 share sth with sb 和某人分享某物
go through 经历;仔细检查 set down 放下;记下 a series of 一系列;一套 be crazy about 对…着迷 on purpose 故意 in order to/ so as to 为了 face to face 面对面地 get along with 与…相处 pack up 收拾,打理行装
according to 按照;根据…所说 have trouble with sb/sth 同某人闹意见;做…有困难 communicate with sb 和…交际 throw away the friendship 放弃/终止友谊 try out 试验;试用 join in 参加(活动) far and wide 到处 look to sth 注意,留心某事 fall in love 相爱 ignorant of 无知的
cheat sb (out) of sth 骗取某人某物 have the/a habit of doing sth 有做…的习惯 句子归纳:
1.I wonder if… 我想知道是否….
2. It’s because… 这是因为…. 此从句中because不能用since或as 代替
3. What do you think a good friend should be like? 你认为一个好朋友应该是什么样的呢?
4. While walking the dog, you were careless and it got loose and was hit by a car. =While you were walking the dog, …在遛狗时,你不小心让狗挣脱了绳子,结果狗被车撞了。(当while, when, before, after 等引导的时间状语从句中的主语与主句的主语一致时,可将从句中的主语和be动词省去。)

5. Do you want a friend whom you could tell everything to, like your deepest feelings and thoughts? 你想有一位无话不谈、能推心置腹的朋友吗?
6. I haven’t been able to be outdoors for so long that I’ve grown so crazy about everything to do with nature. 我已经很久不能去户外,所以我变得对自然界的所有东西都很感兴趣。 7. I can well remember that there was a time when a deep blue sky, the song of birds, moonlight and flowers could never have kept me spellbound. 我记得非常清楚,曾有一段时间,湛蓝的天空、鸟儿的歌唱、月光和鲜花,从未使我心醉神迷过。 8. It was the first time in a year and a half that I’d seen the night face to face. 这是我一年半以来第一次目睹夜晚。
9. I would be grateful if you could give me some advice. 如果您给我提些建议,我会非常感谢的。 (I would be grateful if… 委婉客气提出请求)
10. It’s a good habit for you to keep a diary. 记日记对你来说是个好习惯。 11. She found it difficult to settle and… 12. This series of readers is very interesting. 13. A friend in need is a friend indeed.
14. People are told that their actions should be as gentle as the wind that blows from the sea.
新课标必修1 Unit2 重点词组:
in…ways 在…方面 such as 例如 believe it or not 信不信由你 come up with 提出 come up to a place 参观某地 ever before 从前 even if/ though 即使 at the end of 在…末期 be based on 在...基础上 close to 距离…近 change…into 把…变成 in the early days 在早期 take…with…随身携带 the same…as 与…相同的 at present 目前

var cpro_psid ="u2572954"; var cpro_pswidth =966; var cpro_psheight =120;

be absent from 缺席 be present at 在席;出席 carry out a rule 执行规则 be a native of 是…人 at sb’s request 应某人的要求 have a command of掌握 make a request 请求 request that …(should)+v原形 in one direction 朝一个方向 give commands 命令 be different from 与…不同 i n the 1600’s = in the 1600s as a rule 通常;照例 be native to 是…的土产动物/植物 as we know 正如我们所知 an international language 一门国际语言 an international organization 一个国际组织 play a role/ part (in) 在…中担任角色;在…中起作用;扮演一个角色;参与 play an important role/ part 在…中起重要作用 because of 因为;由于 come up (vi) 走进;上来;发生;被讨论 make (good/ full) use of (好好/充分)利用
from one place to another 从一处到另一处 present sth to sb / present sb with sth 句子归纳:
1. However, they may not be able to understand everything. (然而,他们可能不是什么都懂。)
2. This is because Britain ruled India from 1765 to 1947. (这是因为英国于1765年到1947年统治过印度。)
3. All languages change when cultures communicate with one another. (当不同文化互相沟通时,所有的语言都会发生变化。) 4. What the British call “petrol” the Americans call “gas”.
(美国人把被英国人称作“petrol”的东西称作“gas”。 此处what引导宾语从句) 5. Actually, it was based more on German than present day English. (实际上,当时的英语更多地是以德语为基础的,而现代英语不是。)
6. …those who reported the news were expected to speak excellent English. 7. The US is a large country in which many different dialects are spoken.
(in which= where, 其引导定语从句。 美国是一个大国,国内说着许许多多的方言。)

『肆』 高一英语必修一重点语法

英语语法,本质上不分什么小学语法,中学语法,大学语法,这样分都是瞎搞,误人回子弟。
我们讲中文会分小学答语法,中学语法,大学语法吗?现在有的小学生的语言能力都像大人一样。小学生一样看红楼梦,看水浒。那国外的小学生不是也同样如此吗?

传统的语法教学把语法教的及其混乱和繁琐,毫无章法和体系,且错误百出,整个初高中阶段语法数十节课就可以学透的却折磨了学生数十年。

推荐华东理工大学的《英语思维:解密英语语法的原理》,该书是国内第一本系统讲解英语语法原理和思维内涵的书,是第一本从语言原理层面完整系统的呈现英语语法全貌和完整框架体系的书。该书纠正了传统英语教育的诸多谬误,理清了英语学习的脉络,呈现给读者一个完整系统的英语语法框架体系。

也可以看同名视频课程,短平快,十节课真正理解英语语法,适合那些英语语法混乱毫无章法同学,也适合那些英语还不错,但是没学透无体系遭遇瓶颈无法突破的同学,看完后,对英语的理解有脱胎换骨之感。

学透语法之后的英语继续学习,就可以通过精看美剧进行词汇的学习,听、说、读、写的锻炼。

利用高效系统建立起来的语法知识体系后,可以欣赏美剧、阅读新闻,交友娱乐,快乐的享受英语给你带来的乐趣。

『伍』 高一英语必修一语法

呵呵 希望对你有所帮助 祝楼主进步哈
一. 直接引语和间接引语

(一)直接引述别人的原话,叫做直接引语;用自己话转述别人的话,叫做间接引语。间接引语一般构成宾语从句。直接引语必须放在引号内,间接引语则不用引号。直接引语改为间接引语时,除将引语部分变成宾语从句外,还必须对直接引语中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等进行改变。

1. 时态的变化:直接引语变为间接引语时,通常受转述动词said, asked等的影响而使用过去化的时态,即把原来的时态向过去推,也就是一般现在时变为一般过去时,现在进行时变为过去进行时,等等。例如:
Tom said to me,“My brother is doing his homework.”
→Tom said to me that his brother was doing his homework.

2. 人称代词、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等等的变化: 根据意义进行相应的变化,例如:
She asked Jack,“Where have you been?”
→She asked Jack where he had been.

He said,“These books are mine.”
→He said that those books were his.

(二)直接引语改为间接引语时,都使用陈述语序,但是因为原句的句式不同,所以变成间接引语时所用的连词会有所不同。直接引语如果是一般疑问句,用连接词whether或if;如果是特殊疑问句,则用疑问词引导间接引语。转述的动词一般用asked,可以在其后加上一个间接宾语me, him, her, us等。如:
She said,“Is your father at home?”
→She asked me if/whether my father was at home.

“What do you do every Sunday?”My friend asked me.
→My friend asked me what I did every Sunday.

直接引语如果是祈使句,改为间接引语时,要将祈使句的动词原形变为带to的不定式,并在不定式的前面根据原句的语气(即请求或命令)加上ask, tell, order等动词,如果祈使句为否定式,则在不定式前加not。其句型为:ask / tell / order someone (not) to do something. 例如:
She said to us,“Please sit down.”
→She asked us to sit down.

He said to him,“Go away!”
→He ordered him to go away.

He said, “Don’t make so much noise, boys.”
→He told the boys not to make so much noise.

二. 各种时态的被动语态
被动语态概述
被动语态的概念:它是动词的一种形式,表示主语与谓语之间的执行或被执行关系。主动语态表示主语是谓语动作的执行者,例如:They saw the little boy crying by the river. 被动语态表示主语是谓语动作的承受者,例如:The little boy was seen crying by the river.

被动语态的构成
被动语态的形式是由“助动词be+动词的过去分词”构成。助动词be随着主语的人称、数、时态等的不同而变化。几种常见时态的被动语态形式如下:
1. 一般现在时 am/is/are + 过去分词
例如:Rice is planted in the south of China.

2. 一般过去时 was/were + 过去分词
例如:These trees were planted the year before last.

3. 一般将来时 will/shall + be + 过去分词
例如:A sports meeting will be held next week in our school.

4. 现在进行时 am/is/are + being + 过去分词
例如:Your radio is being repaired now.

5. 过去进行时 was/were + being + 过去分词
When he got there, the problem was being discussed.

6. 现在完成时 have/has + been + 过去分词
His work has been finished.
Has his work been finished? Yes, it has. / No, it hasn’t.

7. 过去完成时 had + been + 过去分词
注意:
1.除了be之外的其它系动词如get, stay等也可以和过去分词构成被动语态。例如:Their questions haven’t got answered.

2. 含有情态动词的谓语变成被动语态使用“情态动词+ be + 过去分词”结构。例如:
More attention should be paid to the old in this country.
This work can’t be done until Mr. Black comes.

3. 含有“be going to”, “be to”等结构的谓语,其被动语态分别用“be going to + be + 过去分词”和“be to + be + 过去分词”。例如:
The problem is going to be discussed at the next meeting.
All these books are to be taken to the library.

4. 被动语态与系表结构的区别:“连系动词+用作表语的过去分词”构成的系表结构,与被动语态的形式完全一样,所以应注意它们的区别。被动语态中的过去分词是动词,多强调动作;系表结构中的过去分词相当于形容词,多强调状态。前者通常可用by 引出动作的执行者,而后者则不可以。例如:
The map was changed by someone.(被动结构)
That custom remained unchanged for many centuries.(系表结构)
系表结构中的过去分词通常可被very修饰,被动语态中的过去分词往往要用much修饰。
例如:
He was very excited.(系表结构)
He was much excited by her words.(被动结构)

5. 主动形式表被动意义。有些动词的主动形式有被动意味,如 open, read, sell, shut, wash, wear, write等。此时句子的主语一般是物。例如:
These books sell well. 这些书很畅销。
The door won’t shut. 这门关不上。
The clothes wash well. 这些衣服很好洗。

『陆』 人教高一英语必修一语法点

Unit 1 Friendship
I. Words and Phrases
1. Are you good to your friends? 你对你的朋友好吗?
be good to=be kind to:对......友善 (opp.) be bad to
eg: Thought he looks cold, in fact, he is always good to others.
尽管他看起来冷淡,但实际上他一向对人友善。
拓展: ⑴.be good at sth./doing sth. 擅长于(做)......
⑵.be good for 对......有好处/有益 (opp.) be bad for
★ ⑶.do good(n.) to 给......带来好处或益处
eg: Eat more fruit, and it will do good to you.
多吃水果,那会使你受益。 (opp.) do harm to

2. Make the following survey.
`survey (n.) 调查,测验;民意调查,民意测验
eg: ①.The school carried out a survey to find who is the most popular among students.
学校进行了一次调查,看看谁在学生中最受欢迎。
②.In order to know what the people need most, the government has done many surveys.
为了弄清楚人们最迫切的需要,政府进行了多次民意测验。
sur`vey (v.) 调查,测验;进行民意调查,进行民意测验
eg: We surveyed 500 smokers and found over three quarters would like to give up.
我们对500个吸烟者进行了调查,发现四分之三的人想要戒烟。

语法专题训练:
一、用who, which, whose, that, when, where, why填空。
1. This was the best model of radio set ________ the factory made in 2001.
2. Do you know anyone ________ knows about the history of the pyramids?
3. We have visited the factory, ________ my grandfather once worked.
4. We'll never forget the day ________ we traveled abroad.

『柒』 高中必修一英语语法总结

求高中必修一英语语法的总结
总之,语法是从语言实践中总结出来的规则,总结是自己的事。别人的总结,给了你,也不能成为你的知识。语法书可以说

『捌』 苏教版高一英语必修一语法知识点总结

一. 直接引语和间接引语 (一)直接引述别人的原话,叫做直接引语;用自己话转述别人的话,叫做间接引语。间接引语一般构成宾语从句。直接引语必须放在引号内,间接引语则不用引号。直接引语改为间接引语时,除将引语部分变成宾语从句外,还必须对直接引语中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等进行改变。 1. 时态的变化:直接引语变为间接引语时,通常受转述动词said, asked等的影响而使用过去化的时态,即把原来的时态向过去推,也就是一般现在时变为一般过去时,现在进行时变为过去进行时,等等。例如: Tom said to me,“My brother is doing his homework.” →Tom said to me that his brother was doing his homework. 2. 人称代词、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等等的变化: 根据意义进行相应的变化,例如: She asked Jack,“Where have you been?” →She asked Jack where he had been. He said,“These books are mine.” →He said that those books were his. (二)直接引语改为间接引语时,都使用陈述语序,但是因为原句的句式不同,所以变成间接引语时所用的连词会有所不同。直接引语如果是一般疑问句,用连接词whether或if;如果是特殊疑问句,则用疑问词引导间接引语。转述的动词一般用asked,可以在其后加上一个间接宾语me, him, her, us等。如: She said,“Is your father at home?” →She asked me if/whether my father was at home. “What do you do every Sunday?”My friend asked me. →My friend asked me what I did every Sunday. 直接引语如果是祈使句,改为间接引语时,要将祈使句的动词原形变为带to的不定式,并在不定式的前面根据原句的语气(即请求或命令)加上ask, tell, order等动词,如果祈使句为否定式,则在不定式前加not。其句型为:ask / tell / order someone (not) to do something. 例如: She said to us,“Please sit down.” →She asked us to sit down. He said to him,“Go away!” →He ordered him to go away. He said, “Don’t make so much noise, boys.” →He told the boys not to make so much noise. 二. 各种时态的被动语态 被动语态概述 被动语态的概念:它是动词的一种形式,表示主语与谓语之间的执行或被执行关系。主动语态表示主语是谓语动作的执行者,例如:They saw the little boy crying by the river. 被动语态表示主语是谓语动作的承受者,例如:The little boy was seen crying by the river. 被动语态的构成 被动语态的形式是由“助动词be+动词的过去分词”构成。助动词be随着主语的人称、数、时态等的不同而变化。几种常见时态的被动语态形式如下: 1. 一般现在时 am/is/are + 过去分词 例如:Rice is planted in the south of China. 2. 一般过去时 was/were + 过去分词 例如:These trees were planted the year before last. 3. 一般将来时 will/shall + be + 过去分词 例如:A sports meeting will be held next week in our school. 4. 现在进行时 am/is/are + being + 过去分词 例如:Your radio is being repaired now. 5. 过去进行时 was/were + being + 过去分词 When he got there, the problem was being discussed. 6. 现在完成时 have/has + been + 过去分词 His work has been finished. Has his work been finished? Yes, it has. / No, it hasn’t. 7. 过去完成时 had + been + 过去分词 注意: 1.除了be之外的其它系动词如get, stay等也可以和过去分词构成被动语态。例如:Their questions haven’t got answered. 2. 含有情态动词的谓语变成被动语态使用“情态动词+ be + 过去分词”结构。例如: More attention should be paid to the old in this country. This work can’t be done until Mr. Black comes. 3. 含有“be going to”, “be to”等结构的谓语,其被动语态分别用“be going to + be + 过去分词”和“be to + be + 过去分词”。例如: The problem is going to be discussed at the next meeting. All these books are to be taken to the library. 4. 被动语态与系表结构的区别:“连系动词+用作表语的过去分词”构成的系表结构,与被动语态的形式完全一样,所以应注意它们的区别。被动语态中的过去分词是动词,多强调动作;系表结构中的过去分词相当于形容词,多强调状态。前者通常可用by 引出动作的执行者,而后者则不可以。例如: The map was changed by someone.(被动结构) That custom remained unchanged for many centuries.(系表结构) 系表结构中的过去分词通常可被very修饰,被动语态中的过去分词往往要用much修饰。 例如: He was very excited.(系表结构) He was much excited by her words.(被动结构) 5. 主动形式表被动意义。有些动词的主动形式有被动意味,如 open, read, sell, shut, wash, wear, write等。此时句子的主语一般是物。例如: These books sell well. 这些书很畅销。 The door won’t shut. 这门关不上。 The clothes wash well. 这些衣服很好洗。
Unit 11. 词组: add up add up to add… to… add to calm… down have got to be concerned about / with walk the dog cheat … of go through go ahead go by set down set up set off set out a series of on purpose by accident/ chance in order to so as to in order that so as that at sk at dawn at midnight at noon face to face no longer not … any longer settle down suffer from recover from get/ be tired of make a list of list pack… up get along/ on with fall in love be grateful to sb. for sth. join in take part in join attend make sb/ sth + 宾语补足语 have something/ anything/ everything /nothing to do with it’s because….. +原因 it’s why…. + 结果 dare + (to) do (实义动词) do (情态动词) a year and a half it’s no pleasure+ doing sth happen to do sth have trouble with sb (in) doing sth exactly find it + adj. + to do sth make friends with swap … with it is / was + 序数词 + that + has done / had done ….unit 2词组: because of come up come up with come in come on come out actually in fact as a matter of fact in reality be based on at present make use of make full/ good use of such as play a part/ role in recognize … as more than one + 谓语用单数 at the end of in the end at an end voyage tour travel journey than ever before even if / though communicate with those + 定语从句 用who 1600’s 1980s in + 物主代词 + 数字的复数 in his forties the former the latter a number of the number of make sense usage VS use believe it or not there is no such + 名词 (不加冠词) the way + in which / that /省略 especially specially straight adj/ advunit 3词组: prefer to do , rather than do would rather do , than do would do , rather than do fare VS fee ever since it’s is / has been + 时间段 + since 从句 graate from/ in be fond of cut across cut up cut down care about care for determine to do sth = be determined to do sth change one’s mind make up one’s mind at an altitude of give in give up give off give out give away keep pace with as usual bend over take the advantage of persuade sb to do sth / into doing sth not to do sth/ out of doing sth advise sb to do sth try to persuade sb to do sth although though grow up insist on put up put down put off put on put away can hardly wait to do sth bend over take the advantage of persuade sb to do sth / into doing sth not to do sth/ out of doing sth advise sb to do sth try to persuade sb to do sth although though grow up insist on put up put down put off put on put away can hardly wait to do sth unit 4词组:right away at once immediately burst into laughter/ tears burst out doing sth as if / though in ruins injure wound hurt destroy damage be trapped in dig out bury oneself in doing sth rise raise arise too… to be away it seems as if + 陈述语气/ 虚拟语气 act out be pleased / willing/ glad to do sthhonor in honor of be proud of express my thanks to unit 5词组: of high/ good quality devote to + doing found VS set up in principle in peace out of work in work out of control in control vote for vote against be equal to in trouble turn to turn on / off turn up / down lose heart lose one’s heart escape from / + doing sth come to power / in power be sentenced to in one’s opinion fight for / against blow up dream of/ about imagine doing sth the first time for the first time 语法点1. whether VS if 的用法2. tell sb to do sth ask sb not to do sth 3. be + doing 表将来4. 定语从句: 只用that 的情况 只用who 的情况 只用which的情况 as VS which the same … as / that… such… as as … as 介词+ which/ whom which 引导一个句子的用法 非限制性定语从句which 引导一个句子的用法 非限制性定语从句 插入语 I think I believe I guess I thought 间隔式定语从句 Is this car the one he bought last year? Is this the car he bought last year? What 的用法5. will be done be about to be done be to be done be going to be done 6. has/ have been done 7. be being done 加always 表示一种厌烦等语气8. 强调句 it is + 被强调部分 + that 从句 It is not until + 时间 + that 从句 特殊疑问词 + is it that 从句 9. 倒装句 部分否定,含有否定词的 hardly never little only seldom 等, 把情态动词,be 动词, 助动词提到主语 的前面10. as if , insist suggest request command ,从句用虚拟语气, 用(should) do 。

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