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英语语法之从句测验

发布时间:2021-02-13 11:49:06

『壹』 高中英语语法几种从句的辨别方法及答题技巧我希望能

高中语法中的从句根据从句在复合句中的所做的成分可分为

  1. 形容词从句(定语从句)

  2. 名词内性从句(宾语从句、同位语容从句、主语从句和表语从句)

  3. 状语从句(时间、地点、条件、让步、结果状语从句等)

要掌握常见的连接词能确定从句的类型但不管什么样的从句都要陈述句语序

『贰』 英语语法之从句 求大神指教

1、He is no longer the man that he was fifteen years ago.

〔解来析〕that 和 who(m) 都可以指源代人。who(m) 指代具体的人,that 指代抽象或物化的人。
2、He's what is known as a “bellyacher”——he's always complaining about something

〔解析〕what is known as a “bellyacher" 是表语从句,what 属于关系代词型连词,相当于 “先行词+关系代词”,即 He's such a person that/who is known as a “bellyacher" (他是大家都知道的那种大声抱怨的人)

『叁』 英语语法定语从句(每道题都求解答,简单明了)

1、题目中句子的翻来译是:Miss Jones穿去舞自会的裙子是向她一个朋友借的。还原句子,Miss Jones went to the ball in the beautiful dress.“in which Miss Jones went to the ball"修饰”dress"。
2、翻译:我们用来切面包的那把刀很便宜。We used the knife to ......"which"在从句中充当宾语,替代“the knife"。
3、翻译:深圳不再是它20年前的样子了。as在句中的含义是”如,似,正像“。
高中毕业后很久没分析过句子了,可能没以前分析得到位。希望可以帮到你。

『肆』 高中英语语法几种从句的辨别方法及答题技巧

高中英语中共有三大从句:一、形容词性从句(即定语从句);二、名词性从句;三、状语从句。

形容词性从句在句中起到修饰作用,相当于一个形容词,作先行词的定语,有限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句之别。限定性定语从句不能随意去掉,否则句子意思无法表达明白。如:He is the man who bought my book yesterday. 如果去掉定语从句,此话没有什么意思。而非限定性定语从句与先行词关系不是很紧密,可以去掉,不影响主句的主要意思的表达。I met an old woman in the shop yesterday, who was about 80.

名词性从句共有四大类型:主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句。名词性从句,顾名思义,整个句子相当于句子中的一个名词,充当主句的主语、表语、宾语或者同位语。主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句只有在主句句子的成分残缺时才可以考虑使用以上三大从句。而同位语则是对前面某一名词的展开,即前一名词的具体说明,两者是同等,不是定语从句的修饰与被修饰关系。如:【同位语从句】We heard the news that he had gone to Beijing yesterday.此句中the news 和 that he had gone to Beijing yesterday.是同一意思,可以替换。the news 去掉,that 引导的则成了宾语从句,不过意思没变。

关于状语从句,主要是为主句谓语动词的发生提供一个时间(when)、地点(where)、条件(if)等等。常见的状语从句有:1.时间状语从句2.地点状语从句;3.原因状语从句;4.条件状语从句;5.目的状语从句;6.让步状语从句;7.比较状语从句;8.程度状语从句;9.方式状语从句;10.结果状语从句。

『伍』 英语语法及从句分析

1.it is...that不定代词作主语源
2.more and more越来越怎样
3.for one thing...一方面
4.provide sth to do提供什么以便于做什么
5.it's a way to do做某事的方法
6.release one's pressure缓解压力
7.But...转折
8.hold the view that持有什么样的观点
9.manage sth 做成某事
10,sth take time
11...,wihle...表转折

『陆』 英语语法及从句知识

其实这些从句仔细说起来有点复杂,不是一两句就能解释得清的!而且从初中到高中,再到大学,从句一直是个很麻烦的问题!!在这里一两句话是绝对解释不清的!
简单来讲,英语的句子结构跟中文相近,唯一不同的是中文里面的句子成分中没有补语!
英文里的一句话,一般的成分是:主谓宾定状补。这六个部分,而所谓的从句,简单来讲,就是靠一些能够引起从句的词,像what,where,that,whether,if,how……(这些词要下来多看书,多积累)来引导一个句子,而这个句子在这整句话中则会充当一定的成分,它当什么成分就是什么从句。
给你举个简单的例子吧:I
don't
know
whether
you
like
it
or
not.
在这句话中,I是主语,谓语是don't
know
,know是一个动词,后面必定会跟一个宾语,所以不管后面句子的引导词是什么,后面紧跟know的必定是一个宾语从句!!whether
you
like
it
or
not.这是一句话而不是一个单词吧,所以是从句!!
总之,只要摸清了句子成分,做从句其实很容易的,毕竟从句在初中和高中里的限定很多,不会太深奥。只要平时下了功夫的,应该没问题!建议你买本语法书,好好研读一下,毕竟从句时重点!!书上会很详细!
加油吧!

『柒』 几个英语语法问题

1.A 用什么方式“in a way”
2.A"我们全都加入了俱乐部,除了Tom"
besides,except,except for,but,but for,apart from,aside from,in addition to的区别
一、besides 意为“除了……,(还,也)”,表示的是追加关系,整体中包括了“除了”的部分;

Five other representatives arrived late besides me. 除了我还有五位代表来晚了。(晚到的代表中包括“我”)

Besides his wife, his daughter also went to see him. 除他妻子外,他女儿也去看过他。

二、except 意为“除了……,(其余的都)”,表示的是剔除的关系,整体中不包括“除了”的部分,except 除了后面接名词、代词外,还可接介词短语或从句。

All the other five representatives arrived late except me. 除了我,其他的五位代表都来晚了。(晚到的代表中不包括“我”)

I seldom go by bus except when it is rainy. 除了下雨的时候,我很少乘公共汽车。

He rarely went anywhere except to his office. 除了去办公室,他很少去别的地方。

I know nothing about it except what he told me. 除他告诉我的情况外,我对此事一无所知。

My papers seem to be everywhere except where they ought to be. 我的文件似乎完全不在它们应该放置的地方。

三、except for 表示的是,在整体上给以定论后,再从局部上加以修正。与except 不同的是:except 所“排除”的部分与前面所述整体词属于同类,是部分与整体的关系;而except for 所“排除”的部分与前面所述的整体词往往不是同类。如:

Your essay is well written except for one or two minor grammatical mistakes. 你的作文除了一两处小的语法错误外,写得很好。(“作文”与“语法错误”不是同类事物)

若用于句首,则 except for 与 except 同义(但 except 通常不用于句首,另外but也不能用于句首):

Except for me, everyone passed the exam. 除了我之外,大家都通过了考试。

四、 but与except的用法基本相同并常互换使用,但but多与no, nothing, not anything, nobody, nowhere, all, anything, who等词连用,but所引出的事物常是句子的重心,有一定的强调意味。如:

They are all from the countryside but / except John. 除了约翰外,他们都来自乡下。

I never saw him reading anything but the newspaper. 除了报纸,我从没见他读过别的东西。

当but / except后面跟不定式时,如果but / except前面有实义动词do或do的其他形式,后面的不定式符号要省略。如:
In winter the bear does nothing but lie down and sleep. 冬天,熊除了躺下睡觉什么也不干。

It had no effect except to make him angry. 除了惹他生气外,没产生任何效果。

五、but for 否定复合介词,用在名词前构成介词短语,意思是“要不是”,等于 without。句子中只要有 but for,该句子必须用虚拟语气。

But for your help (if you had not helped us)we should not have finished in time.要不是你的帮助,我们就不会及时完成。

But for the rain (= If it had not rained) we should have had a pleasant journey.要不是下雨,我们就会有一个愉快的旅途的。

六、apart from在不同的上下文中,既有besides的含义,又有except和except for的含义,要根据上下文来判别。如:

Apart from English, he has a good command of Russian and French. 除英语外,他还精通俄语和法语。(= besides)

He has no interests, apart from his work. 他除了自己的工作外,没什么兴趣爱好。(= except )

It’s a good paper, apart from a few spelling mistakes. 这是一篇好论文,只是有几处拼写错误。(= except for)

七、aside from 类似于apart from的用法。

1除…之外

Everything was quiet, aside from the occasional sound of a car in the distance. 除了远处偶尔有汽车的声响外, 四周一片寂静。

2既…又…

I didn't accept the job because it was badly paid and aside from that, it wasn't very interesting. 我没接受这个工作, 因为工资既少, 又非常乏味。

八、in addition to 含义与besides一样。

They provide a free breakfast in addition to a bed.除了提供床位外,他们还提供免费早餐。
3.B
tell的宾语从句,用陈述语序

『捌』 英语语法定语从句

1.定语从句的定义:用作定语的从句叫定语从句。
2.先行词:被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。
3.定语从句的位置:紧跟先行词(名词或代词)之后。
4.引导词:引导定语从句的词(包括关系代词和关系副词)。
﹙1﹚关系代词:that/who/whom/which/as
﹙2﹚关系副词:when/where/why
5.引导词的位置:位于定语从句之前(先行词之后)。【as除外】
6.引导词的功能(作用):
﹙1﹚连接先行词和定语从句。
﹙2﹚在定语从句中充当一定的成分(关系代词充当主语或宾语,关系副词充当状语)。
7.定语从句的类型:
﹙1﹚限定性定语从句(主句和定语从句之间无逗号)。
① 直接由引导词引导定语从句
The man who you’re talking to is my friend.
② 由介词+关系代词(whom/which)引导
The man to whom you’re talking is my friend.
I need a pen with which I can write a letter.
=I need a piece of paper on which I can write a letter.
介词的选用可根据从句中的相关词组确定,该介词通常可以放在关系代词之前,也可放在从句之尾。例如:
The man (who/whom/that) I talked about at the meeting is from Beijing University.
=The man about whom I talked at the meeting is from Beijing University.
The palace (which/that) I often pay a visit to was built in the 17th century.
=The palace to which I often pay a visit was built in the 17th century.
﹙2﹚非限定性定语从句(主句和定语从句之间用逗号隔开)。
① 直接由引导词引导定语从句。
② 由介词+关系代词(whom/which)引导。
I live in a house far away from the city, in front of which is a big tree.
There is an apple tree standing at the gate, on which are many apples.
This is the man to whom I gave the book.
③ 由“代词/名词+of+whom/which”或“of which/ whom +名词/代词”(先行词指
人用whom,指物用which)引导。One, some, any, none, all, both, several, many, most, neither, either等词、数词、分数或百分比与of whom或of which连用。
He has five children, two of whom are abroad.
(比较:He has five children, and two of them are abroad.)
We have three books, none of which is/are interesting.
(比较:We have three books, but none of them is/are interesting.)
除why和that不能引导非限定性定语从句外,其余引导词都可以,用法同限定性定语从句一样。但要注意以下区别。
1.在形式上非限定性定语从句与主句有逗号隔开。
2.非限定性定语从句的作用:它只是补充说明先行词的情况,翻译时可译成两个句子。
The engineer, whose leg was badly hurt, was quickly sent to hospital.
(那位工程师被很快送往医院,其腿部受了重伤)
The engineer whose leg was badly hurt was quickly sent to hospital.
(那位腿部受了重伤的工程师被很快送往医院)
3.在非限定性定语从句中,任何引导词都不能省略(包括引导词在此定语从句中充当宾语在内)。指人做主语时只能用who, 做宾语时用whom;
指物做主语,宾语都用which; 关系副词用when或where,也不能省略。

『玖』 英语语法之定语从句

定语从句(Attributive Clauses)在句中做定语,修饰一个名词或代词,被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后,由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引出。

关系代词有:who, whom, whose, that, which等。

关系副词有:when, where, why等。

18.1 关系代词引导的定语从句

关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。

1)who, whom, that

这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词,在从句中所起作用如下:

Is he the man who/that wants to see you?

他就是你想见的人吗?(who/that在从句中作主语)

He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.

他就是我昨天见的那个人。(whom/that在从句中作宾语)

2) Whose 用来指人或物,(只用作定语, 若指物,它还可以同of which互换), 例如:

They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人车坏了,大家都跑过去帮忙。

Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green. 请递给我那本绿皮的书。

3)which, that

它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等,例如:

A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。(which / that在句中作宾语)

The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。(which / that在句中作宾语)

18.2 关系副词引导的定语从句

关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词,在从句中作状语。

1)when, where, why

关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于"介词+ which"结构,因此常常和"介词+ which"结构交替使用,例如:

There are occasions when (on which) one must yield. 任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。

Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born. 北京是我的出生地。

Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer? 这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗?

2)that代替关系副词

that可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when, where, why和"介词+ which"引导的定语从句,在口语中that常被省略,例如:

His father died the year (that / when / in which) he was born. 他父亲在他出生那年逝世了。

He is unlikely to find the place (that / where / in which) he lived forty years ago. 他不大可能找到他四十年前居住过的地方。

18.3 判断关系代词与关系副词

方法一: 用关系代词,还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语,就必须要求用关系代词;而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。例如:

This is the mountain village where I stayed last year.

I'll never forget the days when I worked together with you.

判断改错(注:先显示题,再显示答案,横线;用不同的颜色表示 出。)

(错) This is the mountain village where I visited last year.

(错) I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside.

(对) This is the mountain village (which) I visited last year.

(对) I'll never forget the days (which) I spent in the countryside.

习惯上总把表地点或时间的名词与关系副词 where, when联系在一起。此两题错在关系词的误用上。

方法二: 准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分(主、谓、宾、定、状),也能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词。

例1. Is this museum ___ you visited a few days age?

A. where B. that C. on which D. the one

例2. Is this the museum ____ the exhibition was held.

A. where B. that C. on which D. the one

答案:例1 D,例2 A

例1变为肯定句: This museum is ___ you visited a few days ago.

例2变为肯定句: This is the museum ___ the exhibition was held.

在句1中,所缺部分为宾语,而where, that, on which都不能起到宾语的作用,只有the one既做了主句的表语,又可做从句的宾语,可以省略关系代词,所以应选D。

而句2中, 主、谓、宾俱全,从句部分为句子的状语表地点,既可用副词where,又因 in the museum词组,可用介词in + which 引导地点状语。而此题中,介词on 用的不对,所以选A。

关系词的选择依据在从句中所做的成分,先行词在从句中做主、定、宾语时,选择关系代词 (who, whom, that, which, whose); 先行词在从句中做状语时,应选择关系副词 ( where 地点状语,when 时间状语,why 原因状语) 。

18.4 限制性和非限制性定语从句

1) 定语从句有限制性和非限制性两种。限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的部分,去掉它主句意思往往不明确;非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明,去掉了也不会影响主句的意思,它与主句之间通常用逗号分开,例如:

This is the house which we bought last month. 这是我们上个月买的那幢房子。(限制性)

The house, which we bought last month, is very nice.这幢房子很漂亮,是我们上个月买的。(非限制性)

2) 当先行词是专有名词或物主代词和指示代词所修饰时,其后的定语从句通常是非限制性的,例如:

Charles Smith, who was my former teacher, retired last year. 查理•史密斯去年退休了,他曾经是我的老师。

My house, which I bought last year, has got a lovely garden. 我去年买的的那幢房子带着个漂亮的花园。

This novel, which I have read three times, is very touching. 这本小说很动人,我已经读了三遍。

3) 非限制性定语从句还能将整个主句作为先行词, 对其进行修饰, 这时从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数,例如:

He seems not to have grasped what I meant, which greatly upsets me. 他似乎没抓住我的意思,这使我心烦。

Liquid water changes to vapor, which is called evaporation. 液态水变为蒸汽,这就叫做蒸发。

说明:关系代词that和关系副词why不能引导非限制性定语从句。

18.5 介词+关系词 P>

1)介词后面的关系词不能省略。

2)that前不能有介词。

3) 某些在从句中充当时间,地点或原因状语的"介词+关系词"结构可以同关系副词when 和where 互换。

This is the house in which I lived two years ago.

This is the house where I lived two years ago.

Do you remember the day on which you joined our club?

Do you remember the day when you joined our club?

18.6 as, which 非限定性定语从句

由as, which 引导的非限定性定语从句,as和which可代整个主句,相当于and this或and that。As一般放在句首,which在句中。

As we know, smoking is harmful to one's health.

The sun heats the earth, which is very important to us.

典型例题

1)Alice received an invitation from her boss, ___came as a surprise.

A. it B. that C. which D. he

答案C. 此为非限定性从句,不能用 that修饰,而用which.,it 和he 都使后句成为句子,两个独立的句子不能单以逗号连接。况且选he句意不通。

2)The weather turned out to be very good, ___ was more than we could expect.

A. what B. which C. that D. it

答案B。which可代替句子,用于非限定性定语从句,而what不可。That 不能用于非限定性定语从句,it不为连词,使由逗号连接的两个句子并在一起在英语语法上行不通。

3)It rained hard yesterday, ____ prevented me from going to the park..

A. that B. which C. as D. it

答案B.

as 和which在引导非限制性定语从句时,这两个关系代词都指主句所表达的整个意思,且在定语从句中都可以作主语和宾语。但不同之处主要有两点:

(1) as 引导的定语从句可置于句首,而which不可。

(2) as 代表前面的整个主句并在从句中作主语时,从句中的谓语必须是系动词;若为行为动词,则从句中的关系代词只能用which.。

在本题中,prevent由于是行为动词,所以正确选项应为B。

As 的用法

例1. the same… as;such…as 中的as 是一种固定结构, 和……一样……。

I have got into the same trouble as he (has).

例2. as可引导非限制性从句,常带有'正如'。

As we know, smoking is harmful to one's health.

As is know, smoking is harmful to one's health.

As是关系代词。例1中的as作know的宾语;例2中,它充当从句的主语,谓语动词know要用被动式。

18.7 先行词和关系词二合一

1)Whoever spits in public will be punished here.

(Whoever 可以用 anyone who 代替)

2)The parents will use what they have to send their son to technical school.

(what 可以用all that代替)

18.8 what/whatever;that/what; who/whoever

1)what = the thing which;whatever = anything

What you want has been sent here.

Whatever you want makes no difference to me.

2) who= the person that whoever= anyone who

(错)Who breaks the law will be punished.

(错)Whoever robbed the bank is not clear.

(对)Whoever breaks the law will be punished.

(对)Who robbed the bank is not clear.

3) that 和 what

当that引导定语从句时 ,通常用作关系代词,而引导名词性从句时,是个不充当任何成分的连接词。宾语从句和表语从句中的that常可省略。What只能引导名词性从 句, 用作连接代词,作从句的具体成分,且不能省略。

I think (that) you will like the stamps.

What we need is more practice.

18.9 关系代词that 的用法

1)不用that的情况

a) 在引导非限定性定语从句时。

(错) The tree, that is four hundred years old, is very famous here.

b) 介词后不能用。

We depend on the land from which we get our food.

We depend on the land that/which we get our food from.

2) 只能用that作为定语从句的关系代词的情况

a) 在there be 句型中,只用that,不用which。

b) 在不定代词,如:anything, nothing, the one, all, much, few, any, little等作先行词时,只用that,不用which。

c) 先行词有the only, the very修饰时,只用that。

d) 先行词为序数词、数词、形容词最高级时,只用that。.

e) 先行词既有人,又有物时。

举例:

All that is needed is a supply of oil.

所需的只是供油问题。

Finally, the thief handed everything that he had stolen to the police.

那贼最终把偷的全部东西交给了警察。

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