『壹』 關於中西方文化的初中英語閱讀理解練習題及答案
In the US, people prefer waiting for a table to sitting with people they don』t know. This means a hostess may not seat a small group until a small table is available, even if a large one is. If you are sitting at a table with people you don』t know, it is impolite to light up a cigarette without asking if it will disturb them.
At American restaurants and coffee shops you are usually served tap water before you order. You may find the bread and butter is free, and if you order coffee, you may get a free refill.
Most cities and towns have no rules about opening and closing time for stores or restaurants, though they usually do make rules for bars. Especially in large cities, stores may be open 24 hours a day.
Serving in restaurants is often large; too large for many people. If you can』t finish your meal but would like to enjoy the food later, ask your waitress or waiter for a 「 bag」. It may have a picture of a dog on it, but everybody knows you』re taking the food for yourself.
Supper and dinner are both words for the evening meal. Some people have 「Sunday dinner」. This is an especially big noon meal.
Tips are not usually added to the check. They are not included in the price of the meal, either. A tip of about 15% is expected and you should leave it on the table when you leave. In some restaurants, a check is brought on a plate and you put your money there. Then the waiter or waitress brings you your change.
1. Which statement is true?
A. American people like sitting with people they don』t know.
B. A hostess always seats a small group at a large table.
C. American people never sit with people they don』t know.
D. American people would not light a cigarette if the people who sit at the same table mind their smoking.
2. What is served before you order?
A. bread B. butter C. coffee D. cold water
3. What do American people always do when servings are too large for them?
A. They take the food home with a doggie bag for their dogs.
B. They leave the food on the table and go away.
C. They take the food home with a doggie bag and enjoy the food later.
D. They ask the waitress or waiter to keep the food for them.
4. Sunday dinner is_______.
A. a dinner in the evening B. A big noon meal
C. a big lunch on Sunday D. A supper on Sunday
這是一篇講美國人的用餐習俗的閱讀。
As you know different countries have different customs. Also there are many gestures showing many meanings in many countries. Here are a few examples of gestures. A fisherman in Britain will show the size of a fish he has caught by holding his two hands, palms(手掌) facing each other, the right distance apart in front of him. But the one from certain part of Africa will measure off the size along his left arm with his right hand. In Britain the gesture to show the number 「one」 is made by holding up the index finger (the second finger), but in Switzerland it is the thumb—the first finger which is held up. Some people point at objects with finger, others by sticking out the lips. The gesture for 「come here」 is made in Britain with the index finger, which is held, pointing upwards, at eye level and bent towards the body; in Egypt the hand is held at arm』s length, palm downwards, and the fingers are then bent. The difference between the movements is very important, and the meanings of the same gestures maybe opposite in different countries. It may bring trouble to those not well known with it.
1. This passage is mainly about _______.
A. different people in different countries B. how to understand the gestures in Britain
C. the different gestures D. how to show a gesture in Egypt
2Sometimes difference between the movements in different countries may bring about _______ to you.
A. a good luck B. a new world C. all ill effect D. happiness
3 How will the Africans express if the object』s size is longer than their left arms?
A. Take a string to show it. B. Keep silent.
C. Bring the object to the spot. D. In another way.
4According to the passage we should _______.
A. look before we leap B. pick and choose
C. strike while the iron is hot D. do in Rome as the Romans do
這是篇中西方習俗的。答案就先不給你發了，希望你認真做，等你做完以後可以把你的答案告訴我，我再告訴你正確的。
『貳』 介紹歐洲的英語作文 80字左右
嗯.不知道你想要哪方面的.就綜合來寫一下吧. 漢語：這里有著悠久的歷史和獨特的文化,在世界上占據著重要的位置.最重要的是,沒有一個人不被這里的各具特色、美麗怡人的建築、風景而陶醉：巴黎的浪漫繁華、普羅旺斯的薰衣草、倫敦的霧、波恩的萊茵河、巴伐利亞的新天鵝堡……這就是歐洲：歐洲西臨大西洋,北靠北冰洋,南隔地中海和直布羅陀海峽與非洲大陸相望 ,東與亞洲大陸相連.地形以平原為主,大部分為溫帶海洋性氣候,是人口密度最大的一個洲.多麼美麗的地方! 英語：This has a long history and unique culture in the world, occupies an important position. The most important thing is, no one here is not distinctive, beautiful and pleasant architecture, landscape and intoxicated: the Paris's romantic, Provence's lavender, London's fog, Bonn's Rhine, Bavaria's Neuschwanstein…… This is Europe: Europe west of the Atlantic Ocean, north of the Arctic Ocean, south across the Mediterranean and the Strait of Gibraltar and across the African continent, East and Asia, linked to the mainland. Mainly plain terrain, mostly temperate climate, is the most densely populated continent.A beautiful place!
有一些不滿意的地方,可以藉助翻譯器修改哦.（不知道你多大了,我是初中生,先按照初中生的標准寫的.請多見諒.嘻嘻）
『叄』 求一篇有關歐洲足球的英文短文！
Soccer is a ball and goal game usually played outdoors, also called football. Played in more than 140 countries, it is by far the most popular international sport. Two opposing team of 11 players each compete on a field preferably measuring 120 yard by 75 yard. A goal 8 yard wide and 8feet high, backed with netting, is centered on each end line. The object of the game is to advance an inflated leather ball into the opponent's goal (worth one point). The ball is kicked (often dribbled with short kicks) or advanced by the head or other parts of the body, but only the goalkeeper may use the hands. Rules infractions result in free kicks for the opposing team. The first recorded soccer game took place in England in 217 A.D. and by the 12th century the annual shrove Tuesday contest was a regular event. In the 19th century, the game was refined to emphasize only the kicking aspects. It gained tremendous popularity after spreading from Britain to the continent. The highlight of international play is the quadrennial world cup competition.
足球是一項在室外舉行的球類運動。它是當今世界上最流行的一種運動，風靡140多個國家。兩支各由人組成的隊伍在一塊長120碼寬8碼的場地上比賽。球門寬8碼，高兩米左右，後面架有球網，位於底線當中。比賽的基本目標就是將球踢進對方大門（一分）。通常球是通過腳，頭及身體其他部位來傳遞（尤其是短傳）。只有守門員才可以用手接球。犯規時由對方罰任意球。世界上第一場有紀錄的比賽適於公元217年的英國。到了11世紀，每年一屆的"懺悔星期二"杯足球賽已經成為一項傳統賽事。在案18世紀，比賽因更加註重"踢"而變得魅力十足，從英國風靡整個歐洲，乃至世界。其中，每四年一屆的世界盃是最重要的賽事
『肆』 求描寫歐洲中世紀戰爭歷史的英語讀物 如十字軍,撒拉遜,拜占庭等有關的（一定要英文的）
由上海社會科學院出版社出版的由美國的朱迪斯·M·本內特 著的《歐洲中世紀史》我這正好有一本··買不到我可以便宜賣你··本書對中世紀歷史記載詳細且分析透徹··
又或許你家電腦夠好的話介意你去下《中世紀2：全面戰爭》該游戲是非常貼近歷史的·我想這個更能讓你了解中世紀的黑暗!真的
『伍』 求一篇寫歐洲的英語作文
If Sydney is crowned as New York of South Pacific Ocean, then, Melbourne can be said as London here.
This is an ancient city, and meanwhile a beautiful 『garden city』, streets are orderly paved like chessboard, various buildings of both ancient and modern styles are harmoniously blended, there are quite a few operas and Broadway musicals on show here everyday.
This is also Australia』s residential center for immigrants. Most of the immigrants who flocked into Australia live in Melbourne and Sydney. Immigrants started their new life here but keep their own traditions and customs. Wanna taste Italian food and drinks? Just go to Lygon street. Wanna know Chinese culture? Then visit China Town. In China Town, there are not only Chinese restaurants, but also Malaysian, Thailand and Japanese restaurants, so this is not just a window for you to get to know Chinese people, but a best place to know East Asian people and South East Asian people as well.
Goods sold in China Town are quite unique. You』ll embrace a variety of choices and also reasonable prices, that』s why China Town is so popular among tourists. My companions all came back with large and small shopping bags, and reluctant to leave until they bought too much to carry.
What worth mention, traveling in Melbourne, the most forgettable experience is to watch the homing of the smallest penguins in the world. In a place 140 kilometers south of Melbourne, there』s a tiny island called Philip. Every sk, groups of penguins stagger back to their home. Their teeter when stepping onto the bank is extremely lovely.
參考資料：http://www.engessay.com/daxue/174752728.html
『陸』 搜集初二英語完型和閱讀題，關於國外旅遊或者關於一些歐洲國家的。附答案，要快！！
其實沒有真正好的歐美閱讀題，靠自己去積累，我建議你一個方法，你可以平時有空去機場的國際侯廳當志願者，那兒全是老外，你可以和他們交流
『柒』 哪位有關於歐洲歷史的英語文章（1百字到1千字都行）
Greco-Roman civilizations dominated Classical antiquity starting in Ancient Greece, generally considered to be the seminal culture which provided the foundation of Western civilisation and influential on language, politics, ecational systems, philosophy, science and the arts, with the writing of the epic Iliad at around 700 BC. Those values were acquired by the Roman Republic established in 509 BC, having expanded from Italy, centred in the Mediterranean Sea, until the Roman Empire reached its greatest extent around the year 150.
After a period of civil wars, emperor Constantine I shifted the capital from Rome to the Greek town Byzantium in 313, then renamed Constantinople (modern Istanbul), having legalised Christianity. In 395 the empire was permanently split in two, with the Western Roman Empire repeatedly attacked ring the migration period. Rome was sacked in 410 by the Visigoths, the first of the Germanic peoples migrating into Roman territories. With the last West Roman emperor removed in 476, Southeastern Europe and some parts of the Mediterranean remained under the Eastern Roman Empire (Byzantine Empire) up to the later 6th century.
As Constantinople faltered, Germanic peoples established kingdoms in western territories. The new states shared Latin written language, lingering Roman culture and Christian religion. Much territory was brought under the rule of the Franks by Charlemagne, whom the pope crowned western Emperor in 800, but soon divided while Europe came under attack from Vikings, Muslims from North Africa, and Magyars from Hungary. By the mid-10th century the threat had decreased, although Vikings remained threatening Britain and Ireland.
After the establishment of Constantinople and the creation of a church there, which replaced the pre-existing bishopric of Heracleia nearby, tensions between the new and rapidly growing church and the church of Rome graally increased, with doctrinal disputes masking the struggle for primacy. One well known instance of such tension (although it did not lead to a formal schism) occurred when in 1054 AD a legate of the pope, Cardinal Humbert, formally excommunicated the patriarch of Constantinople, an excommunication which was repeated against him the following day. However, from 1095 a series of religiously sanctioned military campaigns began to be waged by coalitions of Latin Christian Europeans, in response to a call from the Byzantine Empire, for help against the Muslim expansion. Spain, southern France, Lithuania and pagan regions were consolidated ring this time, with the last large-scale crusade of the Middle Ages fought in 1396. Complex feudal loyalties developed and the aristocracy of new nations become very closely related by intermarriage. The feudal society began to break as Mongol invaded frontier areas and the Black Death pandemic killed from 30% to 60% of Europe's population.[1]
Beginning roughly in the 14th century in Florence, and later spreading through Europe with the development of printing press, a Renaissance of knowledge challenged traditional doctrines in science and theology, with the rediscovery of classical Greek and Roman knowledge. Simultaneously Protestant Reformation under German Martin Luther questioned Papal authority. Henry VIII sundered the English Church, allying in ensuing religious wars between German and Spanish rulers. The Reconquista of Portugal and Spain led to a series of oceanic explorations resulting in the age of discovery that established direct links with Africa, the Americas and Asia, while religious wars continued to be fought in Europe,[2] which ended in 1648 with the Peace of Westphalia.
European overseas expansion led to the rise of colonial empires, procing the Columbian Exchange.[3] The combination of resource inflows from the New World and the Instrial Revolution of Great Britain, allowed a new economy based on manufacturing instead of subsistence agriculture.[4] Starting in 1775, British Empire colonies in America revolted to establish a representative government. Political change in continental Europe was spurred by the French Revolution under the motto liberté, egalité, fraternité. The ensuing French leader, Napoleon Bonaparte, conquered and enforced reforms through war up to 1815.
The period between 1815 and 1871 saw a large number of revolutionary attempts and independence wars. In France and the United Kingdom, socialist and trade union activity developed. The last vestiges of serfdom were abolished in Russia in 1861[5] and Balkan nations began to regain independence from the Ottoman Empire. After the Franco-Prussian War, Germany and Italy unified into nation states, and most European states had become constitutional monarchies by 1871.
Rivalry in a scramble for empires spread. The outbreak of the First World War was precipitated by a series of struggles among the Great Powers. War and poverty triggered the Russian Revolution which led to the formation of the communist Soviet Union. Hard conditions imposed on Germany by the Treaty of Versailles and the Great Depression led to the rise of fascism in Germany as well as in Italy, Spain and other countries. The rise of the irredentist totalitarian regime Nazi Germany led to a Second World War.
Following the end of the Second World War, Europe was divided by the Iron Curtain between an American dominated west and a Soviet dominated east. Western countries came under US protection via NATO and formed the European Economic Community amongst themselves. The East was dominated by communist countries under the Soviet Union's economic and military leadership. There were also a number of neutral countries in between.
In the late 1980s, the Soviet Union fell and former Communist Bloc countries gained independence. The west's economic integration deepened and the European Union expanded to include most of the former-communist Eastern Europe in 2004.
『捌』 關於歐洲旅遊景點的英語作文
聖彼得堡特寫
Spotlight on St.Petersburg
St.Petersburg.The very name brings to mind some of Russia's greatest poets,writers and composers:Pushkin,Dostoevsky,Tchaikovsky.The 19th century was a golden age for St.Petersburg's wealthy classes.It was a world of ballets and balls,of art and literature,of tea and caviar.
聖彼得堡，只要提到這個名字就讓人想起那些俄國最偉大的詩人、作家以及作曲家：普希金、杜斯妥也夫斯基、柴可夫斯基。十九世紀對聖彼得堡的富有階級來說是段黃金歲月。那是一個充滿了芭蕾舞和舞會、藝術和文學、茶和魚子醬的世界。
The golden age ended with the advent of World War 1.Working people were growing more and more discontented.In 1917,Communism came,promising peace and prosperity.
這段黃金歲月因為第一次世界大戰的來臨而結束。工人階級的不滿愈來愈高漲。1917年時，共產黨來了並向人民保證和平與繁榮。
St.Petersburg had become Petrograd in 1914.People wanted a Russian name for their city.Ten years later,the city's name changed again,this time to Leningrad.Then in 1991,Leningraders voted to restore the city's original name.Some people opposed the name change altogether.Others thought it was just too soon.Old,run-down Soviet Leningrad,they said,was not the St.Petersburg of 19th-century literature.
聖彼得堡在1914年變成彼得格勒。人們想為這個城市取個俄國名字。十年之後，這個城市的名字又改了，這一次叫做列寧格勒。然後在1991年，列寧格勒的居民投票恢復了此城最初的名字。有些人徹底反對改名字，有些人認為名字改得太快了。他們說老舊的蘇維埃列寧格勒已不再是十九世紀的聖彼得堡了。
『玖』 英語翻譯 閱讀英文名著不僅提高了我的英語水平,更讓我對西方文化有了深刻的了解
Reading English classics has not only improved my English skills,but also given me a deeper understanding of the Western culture.
『拾』 寫歐洲國家的英語作文
理想,幸福是什麼,給校長的一封建議書,紅領巾心向黨小小動物的童話故事艷早晨的太陽版，像牛車的軲轆那權么大，像熔化的鐵水一樣艷紅，帶著噴薄四射的光芒，坐在東方的嶺脊上，用手撩開了輕紗似的薄霧。小動物的童話故事艷點點的繁星好似顆顆明珠，鑲4嵌在天幕下，閃閃地發著光。青蛙碧綠的身體上布滿了墨綠色的斑點，白白的大肚子像是充過了氣，一鼓一鼓的。雨點像斷了線的珠子，一滴一串地掉在雨水匯成的水窪上面。春雨紛紛，染綠了山，；染綠了水，染綠了石板小路。星期天，我去排隊買米。在我前面的是一個男青年，他算不上胖，但也夠健壯的了。圓圓的臉龐上，兩道細眉，一雙大眼睛，配上稍小了點的鼻子，也還算勻稱。就是嘴唇厚了點，像非洲人似的。再見了，母校,家鄉的變化,感月，透藍的天空，懸著火球似的太陽，雲彩好似被太陽燒化了，也消失得無影無蹤。這個三十多歲的中年人，中等身材，四方臉龐，由於長年在地里幹活，臉上的皮膚顯得很粗糙。好像好幾夜沒睡上安穩覺，他兩隻眼睛深深地陷了進去。最早出現的啟明星，在這深藍色的天幕上閃爍起來了。它是那麼大，那麼亮，整個廣漠的天幕上只有它一個在那裡放射著令人注目的光輝，像一盞懸掛在高空的明燈。