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英語四級作文寫作結構

發布時間:2021-02-08 02:02:36

Ⅰ 大學四級英語寫作有幾類題型詳細點

1.體裁:說明文,議論文
最近幾年的四六級作文的體裁以說明文和議論文為主。
說明文如:HowtoSucceedinaJobInterview(,12,四級),HowIFinanceMyCollegeEcation(2000,1四級),PracticeMakesPerfect,HasteMakesWaste(97,1六級)
議論文如:Don』tHesitatetoSay"NO"(99,1四級和六級),CanMoneyBuyHappiness(95,1四級),?(2000,6四級)?(99,6六級),Do"LuckyNumbers"ReallyBringGoodLuck?(98,6四級和六級)
2.段落類型:比較/對比,列舉,程序等
說明和議論文章所採用的文章擴展模式一般以比較/對照,舉例、列舉、因果、程序等者居多。如:Don』tHesitatetoSay"NO",等很多四六級寫作中都涉及到兩種觀點的對比,整體的段落類型為對照型。PracticeMakesPerfect,HarmfulnessofFakeCommodities等可採用因果行的段落結構模式,也可以採用舉例說明的結構模式。AdvantagesofaJobInterview則應採用列舉的段落擴展模式。
www.cooyu.netwww.cooyu.net
3.出題方式:提綱式寫作,中文提綱,一般為三句或兩句。
如:99年1月份考題
Directions:Forthispart,:Don』tHesitatetoSay"NO".ne(giveninChinese)below.
1.別人請求幫助時,在什麼情況下我們會說「不"。
2.為什麼有些人在該說"不"的時候不說"不"。
3.該說"不"時不說"不"的壞處。
再如:98年一月分考題
Directions:Forthispart,:HarmfulnessofFakeCommodities.ne(giveninChinese)below.
1.目前社會上有不少假冒偽劣商品(fakecommodities)。為什麼會有這種情況
2.舉例說明假冒偽劣商品對消費者個人、社會等的危害

Ⅱ 大學英語四級寫作技巧有哪些

一、審題立意


大學英語四六級作文的題型一般是標題作文、主題句作文或情景、圖表作文等等,去年四級作文考試有書信和記敘文,但基本都屬於命題作文范疇。對於命題作文,審題立意是寫好作文至關重要的一步。所謂審題,就是要看清題意,確定文章的中心思想和主題,並圍繞中心思想組織材料。也就是通過分析作文題給出的標題、主題旬或情景,找出關鍵詞或中心詞,明確寫作要求,是寫哪方面的內容,既包括題材上的要求,也包括體裁上的要求如果不審題就隨便下筆,想一句寫一句,內容離題,即使再好的再華麗的再精心構思的詞句表達也無濟於事.另一方面,四六級寫作的目的是測試學生用英語書面表達思想的初步能力,並不是測試你母語創作能力,而且為了便於作文評卷有一盡量統一的標准,出題方式無論怎樣變化,四六級作文都可以歸納為三段式,有的甚至給出三段的段首句。其目的就是讓學生們在統一主題下的寫作要點、思維和方式盡可能地同一化和統一化。鑒於此,我們應清楚四六級寫作沒有太大的自由發揮空間。在構思段落之前一定要仔細斟酌標題、主題句和段首字,找出關鍵詞從而確定寫作的方向和范圍,而且還應記住要盡量縮小這個范圍,不能脫離要求任意展開,那樣屬於跑題。


二、段落構思


文章的段落,是文章的基本組成部分,一篇好的文章需要精心的段落構思和合理的段落安排,根據不同的題材確定不同的段落寫作順序.四六級作文從結構上看,一般由三部分組成∶引言部分;結尾部分,而且每段往往只有一個主題,段中各支持句圍繞明確的主題,層層展開論證並服務於主題句。整篇文章也是層層推進,環環相扣,條理分明,完整統一。下面進一步說明每一部分的具體寫作技巧與要求∶首先,引言部分Introctory Part文章開頭很重要,關繫到全篇文章,一定要認真考慮好如何寫好第一句。一般緊扣主題,開門見山,直接入題。如果已給出段首句,則要考慮如何跟開頭連接好.在實際寫作中,主要有以下幾種開頭方式。定義法。即用一句話或幾句話來解放說明題中的關鍵詞,給出關鍵詞的定義。多用於給出一簡單題目的標題作文。直接切入主題。也就是直截了當地揭示文章的主題或寫作原由,如已給出每一段的中文提示,可直接翻譯提示中每一段的中心思想,作為開頭.


提問法。用疑問句或設問句開頭,緊接著提出自己對這個問題的看法或直接點明主題,這種方法如果使用得當,能夠激起讀者往下讀的興趣,以便找出答案.以故事背景開頭,交待時間、地點、人物及背景,然後在這個背景下引出正文.這種方法多用於記敘文,使讀者一開始就產生鮮明視覺形象。


引用法.即引用名人名言或諺語等作為文章的開頭,指出閱讀的內容範圍。


其次,主題部分Body Part篇章寫作不僅應層次清楚,而且主次也要分明I任何文章都有主體部分,即文章的精華部分。學生在這部分的寫作錯誤五花八門,或者段落內容缺乏統一性,或者句與句之間缺少連貫性 ,層次混亂,信息的表達經常是跳躍式的想到什麼寫什麼,內容空洞,言之無物,缺乏嚴密的邏輯性。針對這些錯誤,寫主體段應注意以下幾點要求。要緊扣開頭段提出的主題思想,突出中心.圍繞主題句用一組意思連貫而且完整的句子展開文章,切記各展開句是能起到說明、支持或闡述主題的句子並服務於主題,全文保持統一性,也就是我們通常所說的"切題"。主體段取材必須精練典型,系統而完整。根據內容需要和字數的規定,確定要點的詳與略後,選擇正確的、典型的、具有說服力的事實、例子、數據和論據等說明解釋並擴充主題主體段要與開頭段和結尾段有內在的必然歸宿,要順其自然地過渡,使用好承上啟下的連接詞或句子,防止突然轉折.另外,主體段的句與句之間也要逐步展開,通順連貫 ,符合一定的邏輯關系。


最後,結尾部分Ending Part


文章如何結尾關繫到寫作的成敗。好的結尾不僅在形式上起到面龍點睛的效果,而且在內容上讀者明其宗旨,解其寓意.一般結尾段的寫法有以下幾種;


總結式,即在上文所述事實和論據的基礎上,對全文進行歸納、總結得出結論,使讀者對文章的主題或作者的觀點有個更完整而清晰的理解.首尾呼應式,即對引言段所提出的同題給出解決方案,作到首尾呼應,主題突出,結構勻稱,使讀者對提出的問題有了明確的答案.提問式,這種結尾形式可以引起讀者的思考。並起到強調主題的作用.展望式,也就是要提出作者的希望、號召或表示信心和決- C-,使讀者受鼓舞.引語式,引用名人名言,諺語俗語做文章的結尾,使文章更具說服力.


三、語言表達


四六級作文評分的原則之一就是要從內容和語言兩個方面對作文進行綜合評判,內容和語言是一個統一體,作文應表達題目所規定的內容,而內容要通過語言來表達。因此這項測試不僅考察學生所學的英語語言知識,更是考察學生綜合運用所學語言知識來正確地表達思想。許多學生詞彙、句型知道的確實不少,但卻不能熟練自如地運用到寫作中,特別是讓其在規定的時間里寫出一篇象樣的文章,不是難以行筆,就是落筆錯誤百出.分析其原因主要體現在以下三個方面∶


詞法層次


英語詞彙一詞多義和同義詞現象非常普遍,外延相同而內涵不同的詞數量很多.許多學生只知其表面意思,不了解詞語的深層的文化以及感情色彩等,出現用詞不當的錯誤.比如∶"1 was grieved to hear that your father kicked thebucket".這個句子中的"kick the bucket"雖然指死亡,但它是一個貶義詞 ,用在此旬不合適,應改為。pass away"。單詞拼寫錯誤較多,漏用詞語以及搭配有誤現象比比皆是。如一學生想要表達這樣一句話∶一流的旅館對旅遊者不可抗拒的吸引力。他這樣寫到∶


The first--rate hotels give people an irresistible attraction. The first—rate hotels have an irresistible attraction fortourists.句法層次


句子中語法錯誤太多,包括時態、語態、語氣以及主謂一致等,如果這些成份的一致關系弄錯會使句子邏輯混亂 ,意義含糊不清.例如∶


In college,students should learn tO analyze and solveproblems on their own.Try to help them to acquire this ability.應改為∶In college,students should learn to analyze andsolve problems on their own.The teacher should help themto acquire this ability.


句式單一不變.這是目前一般大學生寫作中出現的普遍問題,整篇文章都是一連串簡單句的羅列,句型沒有變化.如果能恰如其分地變化旬式,長短句交錯使用,互相補充會增加語言的表現力。比較下面兩個句子,就會發現改過的B句式不僅僅句式復雜,而且表達要生動有力得多。


A)Many liberal arts graates are unwilling to acceptwork outside their majorinterest.If SO they will have diffi—culty finding employment.


B)Unless they are willing to accept work outside theirmajor interest,many liberal arts graates will have difficul—ty finding employment.


語言的連貫性。


文字連貫,語言流暢是寫好作文的基本要求,會給人以美的享受而內容充實,意思完整是文章連貫流暢的基礎,達到這一目標要求學生有較強的語感和語言功底,需要一個長期積累和大量實踐的過程通過對以上寫作方法與技巧的探討,我們不僅了解到其重要性,更應付諸實踐。尤其是教師在實際教學中,要加強學生的語言基本功的訓練,將閱讀教學與寫作培養相結合.因為寫作是一種語言的輸出,閱讀是一種輸入,只有大量的輸入才會有輸出。同時也要強調寫作技能的訓練和實踐,採用多種方法調動學生的寫作積極性。

Ⅲ 英語四級寫作技巧有哪些

一、 審題


我們拿到作文後第一件要做的事就是審題。審題的作用在於使你寫作不跑題(如果跑題,條理和語言再好,也得不到及格分,甚至0分。)那末審題要審什麼呢?


1.體裁(議論文,說明文,描述文)


審題就是要審作文的題材和體裁。因為什末樣的體裁就會用什末樣的題材去寫。那末體裁包括那些呢?它包括議論文,說明文和描述文。從近些年看,四級作文不是單一的體裁,而是幾種體裁的雜合體。例如:


Directions: For this part ,your are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Trying to Be A Good University Student .You should write at least 100 words and you should base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese ) below :


做合格大學生的必要性


做合格大學生的必備條件(可以從德智體方面談)


我計劃這樣做


很多人說這種類型的作文是議論文。這是片面的,因為,第一段要求寫“...必要性”,這說明本段體裁是議論文;第二段要求寫“...必備條件”,這說明本段要求寫說明文;兒地三段要求寫“...這樣做”,這說明本段要求寫描述文。所以在大多數情形下,四級作文是三種體裁的雜合體。


2.根據不同體裁確定寫作方法


我們審題的目的就是根據不同體裁確定不同的寫作方法。通過審題,我們可以看出四級作文大都是三段式。如上例第一段為議論體,第二段為說明體,地三段為描述體。而各種文體又不同的寫作方式:


議論文;要有論點和論據,而且往往從正反兩方面來論述。例如上面第一段的思路是:做合格大學生,會怎末樣(這是從正面論述);不能做合格的大學生,會怎麼樣(從反面論述);所以我們要做合格的大學生(結倫)。


說明文:可以從幾方面或幾條來說明一個問題,就上作文而言,可以從方面(德智體)來說明合格大學生的必要性。


描述文:一“人”為中心描述一個“做”的過程。與上兩段相比,本段的主語多為人稱代詞,他要與第二段相互應進行描述。


二、 確定主題句


通過審題,我們知道該如何確定正確的寫作思路。下邊我們就談如何些。第一部就是要寫主題句。主題句是確保不跑題的前提,只有不跑題才有可得及格分。寫主題句嘴保險的方法就是把中文提綱的各句譯成英語。例如上述三段主題句分別為:


It is very necessary to be a good university student . (議論體的主題句)


There are several respects of necessities to be a good university student .(說明體的主題句)


What I will do in the future is the following .(描述體主題句)


如果要求句是英語就可以把它變成主題句,例如這樣一篇作文:


Good Health


Importance of good health


Ways to keep fit


My own practice


這樣的作文的要求句就可以擴充成主題句。擴充後三段的主題句分別為:


It is very important to have good health .(將名詞 importance變成形容詞important)


There are four ways to keep fit for me .(用 there be 句型)


My own practices are the following .(採用原詞)


三、 確保文章條理清楚


保證不跑提示寫作當中第一任務,第二個重要任務就是要做到條理清楚。對於議論文來說,正反面要清楚,對於說明文來說條理要清楚,對於描述文來說,誰干什麼要清楚。就拿上例Good health 來說,第一段保持正反面要清楚救應這樣寫:正面(With good health ,we can...),反面(Without good health ,we can do nothing .We can’t do...)


為了使文章更具有條理性,我們可以用first(ly) second(ly) third(ly)等副詞,他們可以是文章的條例性更加突出。作文是主觀題,想得告分就必須引起老師的主意,老師的時間很短(每篇作文只有一兩分鍾就要閱完),所以我們在列調試最好不用: To be with,... after that ,...And then, ... The next , ... The following , ... As last ... 。因為用這樣的詞語不利於老師看出你作文的條理性。


四、保證作文符合字數要求的十二句作文法


考生一般都希望作文達到字數而又不至於寫得太多,因為寫得太多一方面暴露自己語言上的弱點,另一方面又會佔用過多的時間。寫得太多還易跑題,一個有效的方法就是十二句作文法。


我們知道,四級作文都是三段式。我們算一下,如果我們在每一段中寫上四句,即主題句加兩三句擴展句和一個結論句就可以了。這樣全篇在十二句左右,每一句十多個詞,就又120-150個字。大家可以試圖找一些作文題練一練。

Ⅳ 英語四級作文考試復習資料,連接詞,句子結構等,怎樣寫。說說你的心得,

寫作是本人的老本行,高中一般都是21-23這個級別,大學英語作文被老師在班上推介為範文!!
對於作文,我說的最多的就是:不走尋常路!你不要以為在網上下載那些所謂的優秀作文,拿來背背,你就成為高手了,其實大錯特錯!因為我看了之後也覺得一般,甚至有些拙劣,嘩眾取寵的味道,比如有的所謂優秀作文竟然還用什麼be good at ,importance,very much,depend on,in my opinion ,completely 這樣低等的寫作詞彙,說它低等,那是因為這些詞彙已經廣為人知,閱卷老師已經看的麻木不仁了!
要寫出高人一等的作文,我覺得並不難,只要你有一定的語法基礎和一定量的寫作詞彙(越高級越好),寫作句型,就足可以應對常規的高考,四六級考試……(我記得高中25分滿分的作文我可以保持在21-23這個級別,四六級的作文都是110多分)
首先是語法,在你的語法達到一定層次之後,你就可以追求更多的變化了,比如,用虛擬語氣句型it is high time that we……代替常用的it is necessary that we should……,又如用倒裝句代替常見的平鋪直敘等,這樣可以增加你的語法亮點,讓已經有些麻木一直想睡覺的閱卷老師眼睛一亮,在你的試卷上多掃射一番!
其次,是詞彙,我覺得,在你的語法達到基本不會出錯的程度上,作文便應該以詞彙取勝,因為在這個層次上,大家的語法都差不多,沒什麼變化,唯一有變化的就是你的詞彙!給你打個比方吧,很多想到「許多」就用many,但是你別忘了many a ;handsome;massive,innumerable,a multitude of ;很多人想到「專家」就寫expert,但很少人會想到specialist,很多人在想到「擅長」這詞,就寫be good at ,卻不知還有更高級的表達法:be expert at 或者excel in …高手和庸才,就體現在這些細微的差別上!
再次,是怎麼將文章潤色,從而使你的文章大放異彩!!關於這方面,我覺得我自己使用最多的,也是我自創的------叫做「添油加醋」,包括如下幾個方面:盡可能地在形容詞前使用副詞,在介詞短語中加入適當的形容詞和副詞,在過去分詞前加入副詞,在名詞之前盡可能多用形容詞……,總之就是盡可能地使用形容詞和副詞。我覺得這樣做有一個好處,那就是使原本乾巴巴的句子變得血肉豐滿,比如:
1.The regular physical exercise contributes to our health 改成The regular physical exercise contributes tremendously to our health!
2.In my opinion,the driver』s carelessness should be responsible for this road accident改成
3For my part,the driver『s negligence should be dominantly responsible for this unexpectedly horrible accident
4The majority of students believe that the part-time job will provide them with more oppportunities to develop their interpersonal skills改成The majority of students firmly believe that the part-time job will undoubtedly provide them with golden opportunities to develop their interpersonal skills tremendously!
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
最後,我建議你,平時讀報,或者做題的時候,發現有好的句子好的詞彙,你要抄下來,長期下來,你的作文會有提高的,需要說明的是,這個提高過程可能很緩慢,但是最後能收到很好的效果,以前25分的作文我都能保證在21-23這個級別,靠的就是對語法的熟練掌握和積累了許多較高級的詞彙,句型,句子。

附錄
1. 關於……人們有不同的觀點。一些人認為……
There are different opinions among people as to ____ .Some people suggest
that ____.
2. 俗話說(常言道)……,它是我們前輩的經歷,但是,即使在今天,它在許多場合仍然適用。
There is an old saying______. It"s the experience of our
forefathers,however,it is correct in many cases even today.
3. 現在,……,它們給我們的日常生活帶來了許多危害。首先,……;其次,……。更為糟糕的是……。
Today, ____, which have brought a lot of harms in our daily life. First,
____ Second,____. What makes things worse is that______.
4. 現在,……很普遍,許多人喜歡……,因為……,另外(而且)……。
Nowadays,it is common to ______. Many people like ______ because ______.
Besides,______.
5. 任何事物都是有兩面性,……也不例外。它既有有利的一面,也有不利的一面。
Everything has two sides and ______ is not an exception,it has both
advantages and disadvantages.
6. 關於……人們的觀點各不相同,一些人認為(說)……,在他們看來,……
People』s opinions about ______ vary from person to person. Some people say
that ______.To them,_____.
7. 人類正面臨著一個嚴重的問題……,這個問題變得越來越嚴重。
Man is now facing a big problem ______ which is becoming more and more
serious.
8. ……已成為人的關注的熱門話題,特別是在年青人當中,將引發激烈的辯論。
______ has become a hot topic among people,especially among the young and
heated debates are right on their way.
9. ……在我們的日常生活中起著越來越重要的作用,它給我們帶來了許多好處,但同時也引發一些嚴重的問題。
______ has been playing an increasingly important role in our day-to-day
life.it has brought us a lot of benefits but has created some serious
problems as well.
10. 根據圖表/數字/統計數字/表格中的百分比/圖表/條形圖/成形圖可以看出……。很顯然……,但是為什麼呢?
According to the figure/number/statistics/percentages in the /chart/bar
graph/line/graph,it can be seen that______ while. Obviously,______,but
why?
(二)中間段落句
1. 相反,有一些人贊成……,他們相信……,而且,他們認為……。
On the contrary,there are some people in favor of ___.At the same
time,they say____.
2. 但是,我認為這不是解決……的好方法,比如……。最糟糕的是……。
But I don"t think it is a very good way to solve ____.For
example,____.Worst of all,___.
3. ……對我們國家的發展和建設是必不可少的,(也是)非常重要的。首先,……。而且……,最重要的是……
______is necessary and important to our country"s development and
construction. First,______.What"s more, _____.Most important of
all,______.
4. 有幾個可供我們採納的方法。首先,我們可以……。
There are several measures for us to adopt. First, we can______
5. 面臨……,我們應該採取一系列行之有效的方法來……。一方面……,另一方面,
Confronted with______,we should take a series of effective measures
to______. For one thing,______For another,______
6. 早就應該拿出行動了。比如說……,另外……。所有這些方法肯定會……。
It is high time that something was done about it. For example. _____.In
addition. _____.All these measures will certainly______.
7. 為什麼……?第一個原因是……;第二個原因是……;第三個原因是……。總的來說,……的主要原因是由於……
Why______? The first reason is that ______.The second reason is ______.The
third is ______.For all this, the main cause of ______e to ______.
8. 然而,正如任何事物都有好壞兩個方面一樣,……也有它的不利的一面,象……。
However, just like everything has both its good and bad sides, ______also
has its own disadvantages, such as ______.
9. 盡管如此,我相信……更有利。
Nonetheless, I believe that ______is more advantageous.
10. 完全同意……這種觀點(陳述),主要理由如下:
I fully agree with the statement that ______ because______.
(三)結尾句
1. 至於我,在某種程度上我同意後面的觀點,我認為……
As far as I am concerned, I agree with the latter opinion to some extent.
I think that ____.
2. 總而言之,整個社會應該密切關注……這個問題。只有這樣,我們才能在將來……。
In a word, the whole society should pay close attention to the problem of
______.Only in this way can ______in the future.
3. 但是,……和……都有它們各自的優勢(好處)。例如,……,而……。然而,把這兩者相比較,我更傾向於(喜歡) ……
But ______and ______have their own advantages. For example, _____,
while_____. Comparing this with that, however, I prefer to______.
4. 就我個人而言,我相信……,因此,我堅信美好的未來正等著我們。因為……
Personally, I believe that_____. Consequently, I』m confident that a bright
future is awaiting us because______.
5. 隨著社會的發展,……。因此,迫切需要……。如果每個人都願為社會貢獻自已的一份力量,這個社會將要變得越來越 好。
With the development of society, ______.So it"s urgent and necessary to
____.If every member is willing to contribute himself to the society, it
will be better and better.
6. 至於我(對我來說,就我而言),我認為……更合理。只有這樣,我們才能……
For my part, I think it reasonable to_____. Only in this way can you
_____.
7. 對我來說,我認為有必要……。原因如下:第一,……; 第二,……;最後……但同樣重要的是……
In my opinion, I think it necessary to____. The reasons are as follows.
First _____.Second ______. Last but not least,______.
8. 在總體上很難說……是好還是壞,因為它在很大程度上取決於……的形勢。然而,就我個人而言,我發現……。
It is difficult to say whether _____is good or not in general as it
depends very much on the situation of______. However, from a personal
point of view find______.
9. 綜上所述,我們可以清楚地得出結論……
From what has been discussed above, we may reasonably arrive at the
conclusion that____.
10. 如果我們不採取有效的方法,就可能控制不了這種趨勢,就會出現一些意想不到的不良後果,所以,我們應該做的是 ……
If we can not take useful means, we may not control this trend, and some
undesirable result may come out unexpectedly, so what we should do
is_____.

一)原因
1.A number of factors are accountable for this situation.
A number of factors might contribute to (lead to )(account for ) the
phenomenon(problem).
2. The answer to this problem involves many factors.
3. The phenomenon mainly stems from the fact that...
4. The factors that contribute to this situation include...
5. The change in ...largely results from the fact that...
6. We may blame ...,but the real causes are...
7. Part of the explanations for it is that ...
One of the most common factors (causes ) is that ...
Another contributing factor (cause ) is ...
Perhaps the primary factor is that …
But the fundamental cause is that ...
二)比較
1.The advantage far outweigh the disadvantages.
2.The advantages of A are much greater than those of B.
3.A may be preferable to B, but A suffers from the disadvantages that...
4.It is reasonable to maintain that ...but it would be foolish to claim
that...
5.For all the disadvantages, it has its compensating advantages.
6.Like anything else, it has its faults.
7.A and B has several points in common.
8.A bears some resemblances to B.
9.However, the same is not applicable to B.
10. A and B differ in several ways.
11. Evidently, it has both negative and positive effects.
12. People used to think ..., but things are different now.
13. The same is true of B.
14. Wondering as A is ,it has its drawbacks.
15. It is true that A ... , but the chief faults (obvious defects )are
...

三)批駁
1)It is true that ..., but one vital point is being left out.
2) There is a grain of truth in these statements, but they ignore a more
important fact.
3) Some people say ..., but it does not hold water.
4) Many of us have been under the illusion that...
5) A close examination would reveal how ridiculous the statement is.
6) It makes no sense to argue for ...
7) Too much stress placed on ... may lead to ...
8) Such a statement mainly rests on the assumption that ...
9) Contrary to what is widely accepted, I maintain that ...
四)後果
1. It may give rise to a host of problems.
2. The immediate result it proces is ...
3. It will exercise a profound influence upon...
4. Its consequence can be so great that...
五)舉例
1) A good case in point is ...
2) As an illustration, we may take ...
3) Such examples might be given easily.
4) ...is often cited as an example.
六)證明
1) No one can deny the fact that ...
2) The idea is hardly supported by facts.
3) Unfortunately, none of the available data shows ...
4) Recent studies indicate that ...
5) There is sufficient evidence to show that ...
6) According to statistics proved by ..., it can be seen that ...
七)開篇
1) Many nations have been faced with the problem of ...
2) Recently the problem has been brought into focus.
3) Recently the phenomenon has become a heated topic.
4) Recently the issue has aroused great concern among ...
5) Nowadays there is a growing concern over ...
6) Never in our history has the idea that ... been so popular.
7) Faced with ..., quite a few people argue that ...
8) According to a recent survey, ...
9) With the rapid development of ..., ...
八)結尾
1) From what has been discussed above, we can draw the conclusion that
...
2) It is high time that strict measures were taken to stop ...
3) It is necessary that steps should be taken to ...
4) In conclusion, it is imperative that ...
5) There is no easy method, but ...might be of some help.
6) To solve the above-mentioned problem, we must ...
7) In summary, if we continue to ignore the above-mentioned issue, more
problems will crop up.
8) With the efforts of all parts concerned, the problem will be solved
thoroughly.
9) We might do more than identify the cause ; it is important to take
actions to ...
10) Taking all these into account, we ...
11) Whether it is good or not /positive or negative, one thing is
certain/clear...

Ⅳ 大學英語四級題型及分值分布

總分:710分,寫作部分佔整套試卷的15% =106.5分,聽力部分佔整套試題的版35%=248.5分,閱讀部分佔整套試題的35%=248.5分,英權語四級翻譯部分佔試卷的15%:106.5分。選詞填空每題3.55分,其餘每題都是7.1分。

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Ⅵ 英語四級寫作文的思路

以四級作文為例,本人不敢具體押說考大學生找工作的問題還是低碳生活問題,但是萬變不離其宗,今年考試題目不管什麼,但是寫作的思路是固定的。
一、觀點對比型文章
比如說四級2009年已經考了兩次觀點對比型文章,所以本人認為靠這種問題的可能性不是很大,但是即使考到也沒什麼可以擔心的,因為寫作的思路是確定的。
下面我們以下面的題目為例,來講解觀點對比型文章的寫法。
養寵物。有些人認為養寵物很好,有些人認為養寵物不好,你的觀點是什麼?
本文共分三段。
第一段(3—4句話)
第一句話:提出主題
比如:
1. Recently with the development /advance/progress of science and technology, the phenomenon of pets has aroused wide concern.
2. Nowadays, it is undeniable that pets has almost become the biggest concern of the present-day world.
第二句話:翻譯第一個提綱
比如:a part of citizens cling to the idea that keeping pets is beneficial to their daily life.
第三第四句話具體說明原委,為什麼養寵物好
比如:
1. first, keeping pets can rece the loneliness of many people ,especially the old and the children, who have to stay alone.
2. in addition, the pets are lovely, they can make you feel delighted when you go back to home.
第二段(3—4句話)
第一句話:過渡語
比如:although the former is reasonable to some people, there are still these who claim that having animals at home is unacceptable.
第二句話:翻譯第二個提綱
比如:they are of the opinion that keeping pets should be banned.
第三第四句話:說明原委,為什麼養寵物不好。
比如:
1. On one hand, they will give rise to serious pollution, which exists not only at their onwers』family but also the public places.
2. On the other hand. Not only will they be responsible for some injuries to the innocent children but also lead to some terrible noise which can be horrible at night.
第三段(3—4句話)
第一句話翻譯第三個提綱:
比如:Personally, I insist that keeping pets is a two-edged weapon which can be used for good or evil.
第二句話具體論述:
比如:I intend to stand on the side that pets is our friends, without them. We would witness a gloomy future.
第三句話總結:
In conclusion , it is high time we poured attention into the phenomenon—feeding pets.
這樣,一篇觀點對比性文章就寫出來了。不管主題是什麼,只需要變換一下中心詞罷了。
二、解決問題型作文
同樣,寫成三段,分別是提出問題,分析問題,解決問題。
第一段(2—3句話)
第一句話:提出主題
Nowadays, there exists an increasingly serious problem. Fake advertisements have become a concern of the public.
第二和第三句話:舉例或數據列舉
Although there are countless illustrations arround us,the following one is sufficient. Not only on TV but also on newspapers can we find dozens of bad ads which are cheating the consumers.
第二段(4—5句話)
第一句話:翻譯提綱二(一般說一個東西的危害性是什麼?)
Fake advertisements definitely have led to some consequences.
第二句—第五句:具體危害
First and foremost, indivials may buy some bad food and drink. It is really unfavorable for their health. Besides, some old people like to buy medicine,Sometimes, which are harmful. Last but not least, the enterprise of fake advertisements can earn much illegal money. It will cause serious problems in government and the society.
第三段(3—4句話)
第一句話翻譯提綱三(一般是如何解決問題)
To alleviate this problem, we are hoped to take effective measures.
第二句三句話寫如何具體如何解決
On the one hand, the government must control a multitude of advertisement in media, and find out fake advertisement in them. On the other hand, people ought to learn how to identify fake advertisement. So fake enterprises cannot earn profits from indivials anymore.
第四句話總結
Only in this way can we have a harmonious life.
綜上,我們可以看出,寫作不是准備某個具體的題目考什麼的。主要注意寫作的結構,以及語法單詞的正確性。謝謝同學們,預祝大家四級考試成功。

Ⅶ 英語四級作文經典句式

1. 結尾萬能公式一:如此結論
說完了,畢竟要歸納一番,相信各位都有這樣的經歷,領導長篇大論,到最後終於冒出個「總而言之」之類的話,我們馬上停止開小差,等待領導說結束語。也就是說,開頭很好,也必然要有一個精彩的結尾,讓讀者眼前一亮,這樣,你就可以拿高分了!比如下面的例子:
Obviously(此為過渡短語), we can draw the conclusion that good manners arise from politeness and respect for others.
如果讀者很難「顯而見之」,但說無妨,就當讀者的眼光太淺罷了!
更多過渡短語:
to sum up, in conclusion, in brief, on account of this, thus
更多句型:
Thus, it can be concluded that…, Therefore, we can find that…
2. 結尾萬能公式二:如此建議
如果說「如此結論」是結尾最沒用的廢話,那麼「如此建議」應該是最有價值的廢話了,因為這里雖然也是廢話,但是卻用了一個很經典的虛擬語氣的句型。拽!
Obviously, it is high time that we took some measures to solve the problem.
這里的虛擬語氣用得很經典,因為考官本來經常考這個句型,而如果我們自己寫出來,你說考官會怎麼想呢?
更多句型:
Accordingly, I recommend that some measures be taken.
Consequently, to solve the problem, some measures should be taken.
寫作的「七項基本原則」
一、 長短句原則
工作還得一張一馳呢,老讓讀者讀長句,累死人!寫一個短小精闢的句子,相反,卻可以起到畫龍點睛的作用。而且如果我們把短句放在段首或者段末,也可以揭示主題:
As a creature, I eat; as a man, I read. Although one action is to meet the primary need of my body and the other is to satisfy the intellectual need of mind, they are in a way quite similar.
如此可見,長短句結合,抑揚頓挫,豈不爽哉?牢記!
強烈建議:在文章第一段(開頭)用一長一短,且先長後短;在文章主體部分,要先用一個短句解釋主要意思,然後在闡述幾個要點的時候採用先短後長的句群形式,定會讓主體部分妙筆生輝!文章結尾一般用一長一短就可以了。
二、 主題句原則
國有其君,家有其主,文章也要有其主。否則會給人造成「群龍無首」之感!相信各位讀過一些破爛文學,故意把主體隱藏在文章之內,結果造成我們稀里糊塗!不知所雲!所以奉勸各位一定要寫一個主題句,放在文章的開頭(保險型)或者結尾,讓讀者一目瞭然,必會平安無事!
特別提示:隱藏主體句可是要冒險的!
To begin with, you must work hard at your lessons and be fully prepared before the exam(主題句). Without sufficient preparation, you can hardly expect to answer all the questions correctly.
三、 一二三原則
領導講話總是第一部分、第一點、第二點、第三點、第二部分、第一點… 如此羅嗦。可畢竟還是條理清楚。考官們看文章也必然要通過這些關鍵性的「標簽」來判定你的文章是否結構清楚,條理自然。破解方法很簡單,只要把下面任何一組的詞彙加入到你的幾個要點前就清楚了。
1)first, second, third, last(不推薦,原因:俗)
2)firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally(不推薦,原因:俗)
3)the first, the second, the third, the last(不推薦,原因:俗)
4)in the first place, in the second place, in the third place, lastly(不推薦,原因:俗)
5)to begin with, then, furthermore, finally(強烈推薦)
6)to start with, next, in addition, finally(強烈推薦)
7)first and foremost, besides, last but not least(強烈推薦)
8)most important of all, moreover, finally
9)on the one hand, on the other hand(適用於兩點的情況)
10)for one thing, for another thing(適用於兩點的情況)
建議:不僅僅在寫作中注意,平時說話的時候也應該條理清楚!
六、 多變句式原則
1)加法(串聯)
都希望寫下很長的句子,像個老外似的,可就是怕寫錯,怎麼辦,最保險的寫長句的方法就是這些,可以在任何句子之間加and, 但最好是前後的句子又先後關系或者並列關系。比如說:
I enjor music and he is fond of playing guitar.
如果是二者並列的,我們可以用一個超級句式:
Not only the fur coat is soft, but it is also warm.
其它的短語可以用:
besides, furthermore, likewise, moreover
2)轉折(拐彎抹角)
批評某人缺點的時候,我們總習慣先拐彎抹角說說他的優點,然後轉入正題,再說缺點,這種方式雖然陰險了點,可畢竟還比較容易讓人接受。所以呢,我們說話的時候,只要在要點之前先來點廢話,注意二者之間用個專這次就夠了。
The car was quite old, yet it was in excellent condition.
The coat was thin, but it was warm.
更多的短語:
despite that, still, however, nevertheless, in spite of, despite, notwithstanding
3)因果(so, so, so)
昨天在街上我看到了一個女孩,然後我主動搭訕,然後我們去咖啡廳,然後我們認識了,然後我們成為了朋友…可見,講故事的時候我們總要追求先後順序,先什麼,後什麼,所以然後這個詞就變得很常見了。其實這個詞表示的是先後或因果關系!
The snow began to fall, so we went home.
更多短語:
then, therefore, consequently, accordingly, hence, as a result, for this reason, so that

一、~~~ the + ~ est + 名詞 + (that) + 主詞 + haveever + seen ( known/heard/had/read, etc)
~~~ the most + 形容詞 + 名詞 + (that) + 主詞 + have ever + seen ( known/heard/had/read, etc)
Helen is the most beautiful girl that I have ever seen.
海倫是我所看過最美麗的女孩。
Mr. Chang is the kindest teacher that I have ever had.
張老師是我曾經遇到最仁慈的教師。
二、Nothing is + ~~~ er than to + V Nothing is + more + 形容詞 + than to + V
Nothing is more important than to receive ecation.
沒有比接受教育更重要的事。
三、~~~ cannot emphasize the importance of ~~~ too much.(再怎麼強調...的重要性也不為過。)
We cannot emphasize the importance of protecting our eyes too much.
我們再怎麼強調保護眼睛的重要性也不為過。
四、There is no denying that + S + V ...(不可否認的...)
There is no denying that the qualities of our living have gone from bad to worse.
不可否認的,我們的生活品質已經每況愈下。
五、It is universally acknowledged that + 句子~~ (全世界都知道...)
It is universally acknowledged that trees are indispensable to us.
全世界都知道樹木對我們是不可或缺的。
六、There is no doubt that + 句子~~ (毫無疑問的...)
There is no doubt that our ecational system leaves something to be desired.
毫無疑問的我們的教育制度令人不滿意。
七、An advantage of ~~~ is that + 句子 (...的優點是...)
An advantage of using the solar energy is that it won't create (proce) any pollution.
使用太陽能的優點是它不會製造任何污染。
八、The reason why + 句子 ~~~ is that + 句子 (...的原因是...)
The reason why we have to grow trees is that they can provide us with fresh air./ The reason why we have to grow trees is that they can supply fresh air for us.
我們必須種樹的原因是它們能供應我們新鮮的空氣。
九、So + 形容詞 + be + 主詞 + that + 句子 (如此...以致於...)
So precious is time that we can't afford to waste it.
時間是如此珍貴,我們經不起浪費它。
十、Adj + as + Subject(主詞)+ be, S + V~~~ (雖然...)
Rich as our country is, the qualities of our living are by no means satisfactory. {by no means = in no way = on no account 一點也不}
雖然我們的國家富有,我們的生活品質絕對令人不滿意。
十一、The + ~er + S + V, ~~~ the + ~er + S + V ~~~
The + more + Adj + S + V, ~~~ the + more+ Adj + S + V ~~~(愈...愈...)
例句:The harder you work, the more progress you make.
你愈努力,你愈進步。
The more books we read, the more learned we become.
我們書讀愈多,我們愈有學問。
十二、By +Ving, ~~ can ~~ (借著...,..能夠..)
例句:By taking exercise, we can always stay healthy.
借著做運動,我們能夠始終保持健康。
十三、~~~ enable + Object(受詞)+ to + V (..使..能夠..)
例句:Listening to music enable us to feel relaxed.
聽音樂使我們能夠感覺輕松。
十四、On no account can we + V ~~~ (我們絕對不能...)
例句:On no account can we ignore the value of knowledge.
我們絕對不能忽略知識的價值。
十五、It is time + S + 過去式 (該是...的時候了)
It is time the authorities concerned took proper steps to solve the traffic problems.
該是有關當局採取適當的措施來解決交通問題的時候了。
十六、Those who ~~~ (...的人...)
例句:Those who violate traffic regulations should be punished.
違反交通規定的人應該受處罰。
十七、There is no one but ~~~ (沒有人不...)
例句:There is no one but longs to go to college.
沒有人不渴望上大學。
十八、be + forced/compelled/obliged + to + V (不得不...)
Since the examination is around the corner, I am compelled to give up doing sports.
既然考試迫在眉睫,我不得不放棄做運動。
十九、It is conceivable that + 句子 (可想而知的)
It is obvious that + 句子 (明顯的)
It is apparent that + 句子 (顯然的)
It is conceivable that knowledge plays an important role in our life. 可想而知,知識在我們的一生中扮演一個重要的角色。
二十、That is the reason why ~~~ (那就是...的原因)
例句:Summer is sultry. That is the reason why I don't like it.
夏天很燠熱。那就是我不喜歡它的原因。
二十一、For the past + 時間,S + 現在完成式.(過去...年來,...一直...)
For the past 2 years, I have been busy preparing for the examination. 過去兩年來,我一直忙著准備考試。
二十二、Since + S + 過去式,S + 現在完成式。
例句:Since he went to senior high school, he has worked very hard.
自從他上高中,他一直很用功。
二十三、It pays to + V ~~~ (...是值得的。)
例句:It pays to help others.
幫助別人是值得的。
二十四、be based on (以...為基礎)
例句:The progress of thee society is based on harmony.
社會的進步是以和諧為基礎的。
二十五、Spare no effort to + V (不遺餘力的)
例句:We should spare no effort to beautify our environment.
我們應該不遺餘力的美化我們的環境。

二十六、bring home to + 人 + 事 (讓...明白...事)
例句:We should bring home to people the valueof working hard.
我們應該讓人們明白努力的價值。
二十七、be closely related to ~~ (與...息息相關)
例句:Taking exercise is closely related to health.
做運動與健康息息相關。
二十八、Get into the habit of + Ving= make it a rule to + V (養成...的習慣)
We should get into the habit of keeping good hours.
我們應該養成早睡早起的習慣。
二十九、Due to/Owing to/Thanks to + N/Ving, ~~~(因為...)
例句:Thanks to his encouragement, I finally realized my dream.
因為他的鼓勵,我終於實現我的夢想。
三十、What a + Adj + N + S + V!= How + Adj + a + N + V!(多麼...!)
例句:What an important thing it is to keep our promise!
How important a thing it is to keep our promise!
遵守諾言是多麼重要的事!
三十一、Leave much to be desired (令人不滿意)
例句:The condition of our traffic leaves much to be desired.
我們的交通狀況令人不滿意。
三十二、Have a great influence on ~~~ (對...有很大的影響)
例句:Smoking has a great influence on our health.
抽煙對我們的健康有很大的影響。
三十三、do good to (對...有益),do harm to (對...有害)
例句:Reading does good to our mind.讀書對心靈有益。
Overwork does harm to health.工作過度對健康有害。
三十四、Pose a great threat to ~~ (對...造成一大威脅)
例句:Pollution poses a great threat to our existence.
污染對我們的生存造成一大威脅。
三十五、do one's utmost to + V = do one's best (盡全力去...)
例句:We should do our utmost to achieve our goal in life.
我們應盡全力去達成我們的人生目標。

被句式效果比較虛,推薦看一些起承轉合的連接詞,比如MOREOVER,WHAT'MORE,LAST BUT NOT THE LEAST,TO MAKE MATTER WORSE等,掌握好一些連接詞,就算是很普通的句子,結構一清除,作文分也不會低。

希望能幫到你。

Ⅷ 英語四級考試作文寫作技巧有哪些

首先,審題,條理清楚



保證不跑提示寫作當中第一任務,第二個重要任務就是要做到條理清楚。內對於容議論文來說,正反面要清楚,對於說明文來說條理要清楚,對於描述文來說,誰干什麼要清楚。



寫主題句



主題句是確保不跑題的前提,只有不跑題才有可得及格分。寫主題句嘴保險的方法就是把中文提綱的各句譯成英語。



問題闡述



適當用被動替換主動,這樣能更客觀地反映事實。



一句話用不同的句式來表達



為了加強同學們對語法知識在寫作中的靈活應用



盡量復雜作文中的句式



長句採用的特殊語法包括:賓語從句+分詞結構做插入語+分詞作後置定語(issued)+被動語態+原因短語+定語從句。



保證作文符合字數要求的十二句作文法



作文120-150個字,考生一般都希望作文達到字數而又不至於寫得太多,因為寫得太多一方面暴露自己語言上的弱點,另一方面又會佔用過多的時間。寫得太多還易跑題,一個有效的方法就是十二句作文法。

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