教学术语英语单词表

『壹』 求《高职高专教育英语课程教学基本要求》 词汇表，急用

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『贰』 初中英语词汇

coughed
recorded
twice
abroad
twelfth
tasty
inventor
winner
unknown
probably

『叁』 全国普通高中英语教学大纲词汇表

A

abound
abundance
acceptable
acceptance
accession
accessory
accountable
accounting
accustomed
actuality
acupuncture
addicted
addictive
addition
adherence
adjacent
adjective
adjoin
administrative
adolescent
adore
advancement
advantage
advent
adventure
adventurous
adverb
advisory
aerial
aerospace
aesthetics
affiliate
affirm
affirmative
affix
afflict
afford
affordable
afterwards
aggravate
aggregate
airway
aisle
alienate
allergic
aloft
amass
amazing
ambiguity
amusement
amusing
analytical
analyze/-yse
animate
annoyance
antibiotic
appetite
applaud
applicable
applicant
applied
appraise
appreciation
approximately
arena
armo(u)r
arrangement
arrogance
artwork
ascribe
aspire
assassinate
astronomer
atlas
atmospheric
attendant
attributable
authoritative
auto(mobile)
automate
automatic
automation
autonomous
avail
availability
avert
awesome

B

bacon
badge
baffle
bakery
balcony
bankruptcy
basically
batch
belongings
beneficiary
billboard
billionaire
binder
biochemistry
biomedical
birthright
bishop
bizarre
blink
blog
bloodshed
blossom
blouse
blush
booklet
bookmark
bored
botany
bowl
boyhood
brace
bracket
breakage
breakdown
brew
brewery
bribe
bribery
bridge
briefcase
briefing
brink
brisk
broadband
broaden
broken
broom
browser
brunch
brush
brutality
burdensome
bureaucrat
burial
bypass
bystander

C

calculation
calling
camp
cane
cannon
canteen
capacity
carefree
caring
cart
casino
catastrophe
cavity
CDROM
cellar
cellular
censorship
center/-tre
cereal
certainly
certainty
certification
certify
chalk
chamber
champagne
chaotic
chap
charitable
checkpoint
childish
childlike
cholesterol
chopsticks
Christian
chronicle
chunk
civic
clan
clarification
clarity
clasp
classification
clearance
clearing
clinical
clockwise
coastal
Coca-Cola
cohesion
coincidence
collaboration
collision
colonial
colony
commander
commence
compartment
compassionate
competent
competitive
complementary
complicated
complication
composite
comprehend
computerize
conceited
conception
concerning
condemnation
condolence
condom
confederation
configuration
confirmation
conformity
confrontation
Confucian
Confucianism
confusion
congratulation
conqueror
conquest
conscientious
consecutive
consequent
considering
consistency
conspicuous
constrict
construction
consultancy
consultative
contend
contented
contention
contestant
continuance
continuity
contradict
contribution
contrive
convene
converse
convertible
convey
cooperative
cop
cordless
cornerstone
correlation
correspondence
corresponding
corrode
corruption
cough
countdown
counterclockwise
courageous
courtroom
courtyard
cowboy
coworker
cozy/cosy
crackdown
creation
creator
cripple
crossing
crossroad
crowning
crumble
crust
cube
cucumber
culminate
cultivation
cultural
cumulative
curfew
customary
cute
cylinder

D
damn
daring
darling
dart
daylight
debris
deceit
deception
decoration
decree
dect
dection
dective
default
defection
defective
defense/-ence
defensive
defiance
deficient
definitive
degrade
delicacy
demanding
dependence
deplore
deport
derail
desirability\
desirous
destined
destiny
detach
deterioration
development
deviate
dietary
digestive
diploma
disable
disadvantage
disappointed
disappointing
disarm
disastrous
disciplined
disclosure
discount
discreet
discrepancy
discrete
discussion
disgraceful
disgusting
disillusion
disorder
dispatch/dispatch
dispense
disregard
distil(l)
distinctive
distracted
distribution
diversion
DNA
dodge
dogged
dogma
dome
dominance
domination
donation
download
downside
drainage
drastic
drawback
dread
dreamy
driveway
driving-licence/se
dropout
dryer
stbin
sty
dwarf
dweller

E

easy-going
ecological
economist
eggplant
elapse
elasticity
electoral
electrical
electrician
electron
elicit
eloquent
emancipate
emigrant
emotional
emulate
enclosure
encouragement
endorse
endow
enrance
enforcement
engagement
enlist
enroll(l)
enrollment
ensue
entrust
envious
epoch
eradicate
erode
erroneous
escort
establishment
esthetic
Euro
evade
exceedingly
excel
excellence
execution
exemplify
exempt
exert
exhaustion
expectancy
expectation
expend
explanatory
exposition
expressway
extravagant

F

fabulous
facet
facial
fairy
falsehood
farther
fascinate
fascist
fatality
fatty
feasibility
feat
fifth
filling
finally
finite
firewall
firewood
fist
fitting
fixture
flank
flap
flavor(u)r
flip
fluctuate
flush
flutter
foil
folklore
foremost
forerunner
foresight
forestry
foretell
formality
formidable
formulate
forthcoming
foul
fountain
fracture
fragrance
fragrant
franc
freeway
fright
fringe
functional
fusion

G

gadget
garbage
gender
generosity
geology
geometry
gigantic
giggle
giraffe
given
globalize
gloomy
glossary
gorge
gracious
granted
gray/grey
greed
grid
grieve
grill
grim
grocery
groove
grope
guitarist
gunfire

H

hacker
haircut
hairy
handicraft
handmade
handset
harassment
harden
hardy
harmful
harmonious
hawk
hazardous
headmistress
head-teacher
healthcare
heave
hedge
henceforth
her
heroism
hesitant
hey
hi
hibernate
hierarchical
high-speed
him
hinge
HIV
hive
hoist
holly
homosexual
honeymoon
honorary
hose
hotdog
hotly
hourly
housework
howl
huddle
hum
humane
humanism
humanist
humankind
humidity

I

iceberg
ideological
ignorance
illegal
immediately
immunize
impair
impart
impede
imperialism
imperialist
impetus
implicit
impractical
imprison
impromptu
inadequate
inborn
incompatible
incompetence
incomplete
incomprehensive
inconsistency
incur
indefinite
indicative
indignation
indoor
inctive
instrialize/-ise
infectious
inference
infinity
inflict
infringe
ingenious
inlet
innumerable
inquiry/enquiry
insider
instantaneous
institutional
instrumental
insurgency
insurgent
intact
integral
integrity
intelligible
intent
interactive
intercourse
interference
interim
intermediary
intermittent
interrogation
intersection
intimidate
into
intolerance
intolerant
intricate
intrinsic
invaluable
investigator
invisible
irrational
irrespective
irrigation
isolation
italic

J

jealousy
jelly
jerk
jetlag
judg(e)ment
juicy
junk
justification
juvenile

K

killer
kilowatt
kindness
kite
knowledgeable

L

lad
landmark
landmine
laptop
laughable
lawsuit
layoff
learning
left-handed
leftist
legalization
legislative
legislator
lengthy
lesbian
liaison
lieutenant
lightweight
likelihood
linear
linen
linguistic
lipstick
literal
living-room
locality
locust
lofty
logo
luncheon

M

mainstream
malicious
malpractice
managerial
man-made
mansion
marginal
married
martyr
masculine
masterful
mastermind
maternity
mathematical
maximize
meadow
measurable
mechanics
media
mediate
mediator
medicare
methodology
midst
Midwest
midwife
migrant
militant
minibus
minimal
mint
misfortune
misguide
mislead
mist
mister
mo(u)ld
modem
moderator
modernize/-ise
momentary
moon-cake
motherhood
motorbike
mountainous
moustache
multicultural
multilateral
multinational
murmur
muscular

N

namely
nationalism
necessitate
neglectful
negligible
negotiable
negotiate
Negro
neutralize
nickel
nickname
night-club
nil
ninth
noble
nominee
nonetheless
nonprofit
noodle
normalize
notable
notation
noteworthy
notwithstanding
noun
novelty
numerical
nylon

O

o’
obedience
obedient
obese
obesity
obscene
obsession
occupational
odds
odo(u)r
offset
oily
olive
omission
onset
opinionated
opposition
oppress
optic
optimism
oracle
oriental
orientation
ouch
ounce
oust
outdate
outflow
outgoing
outpost
outreach
oval
overhear
overpass
oversee
oversight
overstate
overturn
overwhelm
owl
oxide

P

pamphlet
paperback
paperwork
parameter
parental
parliamentary
partition
passersby
pastime
pastry
pathetic
patriot
patriotism
pea
peculiarity
penlum
penguin
penny
periodical
perpetual
persecution
persistent
persuasive
pervasive
petrochemical
phoenix
physiological
pianist
pilgrim
pillar
pink
pint
piracy
pizza
plague
planetary
plateau
plausible
plaza
plea
pleased
plight
plural
poetic
pollutant
polytechnic
ponder
populate
porch
postcode
poster
postman
practicable
precedent
precision
preclude
prediction
predominant
premature
preoccupy
preposition
preside
presidential
prestige
presumption
pretext
preview
printing
privileged
problematic
profitable
pronoun
prospective
prosperity
protection
provocative
proximity
psychiatrist
publicize
pumpkin
punctuality
punctuate
purity

Q

quake
qualitative
quantify
quantitative
quart
queer

R

radiant
radium
railroad
rap
realization
realism
rebellion
rebound
receptionist
reclaim
recount
rectify
recur
recyclable
rendant
refinery
refrigerator/fridge
rehearse
reign
rein
related
relish
reluctance
remainder
reminiscence
remnant
renewable
renowned
repertoire
repression
repressive
rescuer
resemblance
reshuffle
reside
residence
resignation
respectable
respondent
responsive
restrain
restraint
restructure
retort
retrieval
retrospective
reunification
reunion
reunite
reversible
revert
reviewer
rid
rightist
rights
right-wing
rim
ripe
risky
rivalry
robust
rooster
rug
rupture

S

sabotage
safeguard
sailing
sandstorm
sandwich
sarcasm
SARS
satisfied
saving
saying
scar
scarcity
schooling
scrutiny
seagull
seashell
seaweed
sector
secular
segregate
segregation
selfish
sensational
sensual
serial
shaky
shaver
shiny
shorts
short-wave
shrewd
shutter
sieve
signpost
simplification
simultaneous
sip
situate
sizable
skyline
slot
smelly
snapshot
sneak
sneaker
snowball
snowman
sober
socialize
sociologist
softball
soft-drink
solemn
solitary
southeast
southwest
sovereign
spaceship
spacious
specialization
speculate
speculative
spinal
spokesperson
sportsman
sprinkle
stabilize/-ise
stack
stainless
stalk
standby
standoff
startle
sticky
stipulate
stitch
stockholder
stomachache
stoop
strap
streak
stricken
stride
stripe
stump
subdivide
subscribe
subscriber
subsistence
substantive
suddenly
suffice
suitcase
sulfur/sulphur
sunglasses
sunset
superintendent
superiority
superman
supersonic
supervisor
supplementary
surgical
susceptible
sustainable
swap
symmetrical
synthesis

T

taboo
tack
tactful
takeoff
tan
tanker
tasty
taxfree
teamwork
tease
teenager
telecom
telecommunications
temperament
temporal
tentative
terminate
termination
terrain
thanksgiving
theirs
them
thereafter
thermos
these
thigh
third
thirteen
those
thoughtful
tickle
tire
tourism
tract
tractor
trainer
trait
transcend
transcontinental
transcribe
transient
tribunal
tribute
trillion
triple
trivial
t-shirt
tub
tuberculosis
tug
turbulence
turnout
turnover
twelfth
twentieth

U

ulcer
unbutton
uncertain
unconditional
underdeveloped
underestimate
underlie
underlying
underscore
underway
undoubtedly
untiful
uneasy
unfold
unilateral
unlawful
unload
unsettle
upcoming
upfront
upside
us
useless
usher
utilization
utopia

V

vacancy
vaccinate
vaccine
vain
validate
van
vanilla
vent
venue
verb
verge
versatile
viewpoint
violet
violinist
virtuous
visionary
vocabulary
void
volt

W

waken
warfare
wasteful
wasteland
watchdog
watermelon
wayside
webcast
website
weightlifting
well-being
well-known
well-off
whatsoever
whenever
whereby
wherever
whichever
white-collar
wholeness
wholesale
whom
whose
width
withhold
wording
workman
workmate
workplace
worse
worst
would
wreckage
wrench

Y

Yankee
yearly
yoga
yoghurt
youth
yummy

Z

zigzag
zinc
zoologicalA

abound
abundance
acceptable
acceptance
accession
accessory
accountable
accounting
accustomed
actuality
acupuncture
addicted
addictive
addition
adherence
adjacent
adjective
adjoin
administrative
adolescent
adore
advancement
advantage
advent
adventure
adventurous
adverb
advisory
aerial
aerospace
aesthetics
affiliate
affirm
affirmative
affix
afflict
afford
affordable
afterwards
aggravate
aggregate
airway
aisle
alienate
allergic
aloft
amass
amazing
ambiguity
amusement
amusing
analytical
analyze/-yse
animate
annoyance
antibiotic
appetite
applaud
applicable
applicant
applied
appraise
appreciation
approximately
arena
armo(u)r
arrangement
arrogance
artwork
ascribe
aspire
assassinate
astronomer
atlas
atmospheric
attendant
attributable
authoritative
auto(mobile)
automate
automatic
automation
autonomous
avail
availability
avert
awesome

B

bacon
badge
baffle
bakery
balcony
bankruptcy
basically
batch
belongings
beneficiary
billboard
billionaire
binder
biochemistry
biomedical
birthright
bishop
bizarre
blink
blog
bloodshed
blossom
blouse
blush
booklet
bookmark
bored
botany
bowl
boyhood
brace
bracket
breakage
breakdown
brew
brewery
bribe
bribery
bridge
briefcase
briefing
brink
brisk
broadband
broaden
broken
broom
browser
brunch
brush
brutality
burdensome
bureaucrat
burial
bypass
bystander

C

calculation
calling
camp
cane
cannon
canteen
capacity
carefree
caring
cart
casino
catastrophe
cavity
CDROM
cellar
cellular
censorship
center/-tre
cereal
certainly
certainty
certification
certify
chalk
chamber
champagne
chaotic
chap
charitable
checkpoint
childish
childlike
cholesterol
chopsticks
Christian
chronicle
chunk
civic
clan
clarification
clarity
clasp
classification
clearance
clearing
clinical
clockwise
coastal
Coca-Cola
cohesion
coincidence
collaboration
collision
colonial
colony
commander
commence
compartment
compassionate
competent
competitive
complementary
complicated
complication
composite
comprehend
computerize
conceited
conception
concerning
condemnation
condolence
condom
confederation
configuration
confirmation
conformity
confrontation
Confucian
Confucianism
confusion
congratulation
conqueror
conquest
conscientious
consecutive
consequent
considering
consistency
conspicuous
constrict
construction
consultancy
consultative
contend
contented
contention
contestant
continuance
continuity
contradict
contribution
contrive
convene
converse
convertible
convey
cooperative
cop
cordless
cornerstone
correlation
correspondence
corresponding
corrode
corruption
cough
countdown
counterclockwise
courageous
courtroom
courtyard
cowboy
coworker
cozy/cosy
crackdown
creation
creator
cripple
crossing
crossroad
crowning
crumble
crust
cube
cucumber
culminate
cultivation
cultural
cumulative
curfew
customary
cute
cylinder

D
damn
daring
darling
dart
daylight
debris
deceit
deception
decoration
decree
dect
dection
dective
default
defection
defective
defense/-ence
defensive
defiance
deficient
definitive
degrade
delicacy
demanding
dependence
deplore
deport
derail
desirability\
desirous
destined
destiny
detach
deterioration
development
deviate
dietary
digestive
diploma
disable
disadvantage
disappointed
disappointing
disarm
disastrous
disciplined
disclosure
discount
discreet
discrepancy
discrete
discussion
disgraceful
disgusting
disillusion
disorder
dispatch/dispatch
dispense
disregard
distil(l)
distinctive
distracted
distribution
diversion
DNA
dodge
dogged
dogma
dome
dominance
domination
donation
download
downside
drainage
drastic
drawback
dread
dreamy
driveway
driving-licence/se
dropout
dryer
stbin
sty
dwarf
dweller

E

easy-going
ecological
economist
eggplant
elapse
elasticity
electoral
electrical
electrician
electron
elicit
eloquent
emancipate
emigrant
emotional
emulate
enclosure
encouragement
endorse
endow
enrance
enforcement
engagement
enlist
enroll(l)
enrollment
ensue
entrust
envious
epoch
eradicate
erode
erroneous
escort
establishment
esthetic
Euro
evade
exceedingly
excel
excellence
execution
exemplify
exempt
exert
exhaustion
expectancy
expectation
expend
explanatory
exposition
expressway
extravagant

F

fabulous
facet
facial
fairy
falsehood
farther
fascinate
fascist
fatality
fatty
feasibility
feat
fifth
filling
finally
finite
firewall
firewood
fist
fitting
fixture
flank
flap
flavor(u)r
flip
fluctuate
flush
flutter
foil
folklore
foremost
forerunner
foresight
forestry
foretell
formality
formidable
formulate
forthcoming
foul
fountain
fracture
fragrance
fragrant
franc
freeway
fright
fringe
functional
fusion

G

gadget
garbage
gender
generosity
geology
geometry
gigantic
giggle
giraffe
given
globalize
gloomy
glossary
gorge
gracious
granted
gray/grey
greed
grid
grieve
grill
grim
grocery
groove
grope
guitarist
gunfire

H

O

『肆』 09中等职业学校英语教学大纲词汇表的中文对照

只找到高考词汇表内http://blog.163.com/quan_jianhua@126/blog/static/319474772009296339619/

『伍』 教育科学出版社的整个小学英语单词词汇表

到这里下载 http://en.12999.com/page/07-08-21/13007.html http://www.pep.com.cn/f-ge/index.htm 点击教学大纲 词汇表 普通高中英语新课程标准(实验)词汇表_完整版 http://www.listen2english.com/download/kebiao_complete_edition.rar 另有mp3版： http://www.listen2english.com/download/kebiao_voc_voice_edition.rar 你试试下列网站~ http://www.hrexam.com/wordlist1.htm http://www.wainsoft.com/bbs/index.asp?boardid=13&action=&topicmode=0&page=2 初中英语词汇表 http://www.psjyshy.pudong-e.sh.cn/english_web/cihui1.asp 高中英语词汇表 http://www.dbjy.cn/jytgz/ShowArticle.asp?ArticleID=981 没有中文解释的到金山词霸在线查一下就可以了 http://push.cb.kingsoft.com/index.htm 人民教育出版社的 http://www.pep.com.cn/ge/jszx/pg/bxy/tbchyf/ 这个是你们上课的电子书 就是所有的单词，要一页一页去翻 不过，还是很全的

『陆』 如何快速有效教学英语单词 详细

从充分利用音乐这一载体,到如何正确拼写英语单词,记忆单词的有效方法及如何防止遗忘,都做了详细说明。 关键词:单词 配乐 拼写 识记 在英语教学中,单词教学是很重要的一环,大部分同学对记单词感到头痛,如何有效解决这一难题,从而使学生轻松掌握英语这一交际工具呢?我认为做到以下几点很关键: 一、配乐单词教学 众所周知,学习一首歌的歌词要比记住一整页的词汇容易得多。如学习英文字母歌比单纯背字母表效果要好得多。据乔治·罗扎诺夫博士报道;“用音乐进行单词教学,一个学生一天能记住1000-1200 个单词。”因此,我认为把英语单词放到合适的乐曲中去教,是很有必要的, 因为乐曲是通向记忆系统的高速公路。影响学习效果最重要的因素是状态,学习之门必须打开, 否则,真正的学习无法发生。要想学习好,首先要开启这扇门,最好选择一些优美的乐曲来播放, 从而使学生轻易地进入理想的学习状态。当然,这需要教师先把要学的新单词配上图片,并选择节奏合适的音乐或学生熟悉的乐曲。授课时,教师有意识地和着音乐节拍,将词汇戏剧性地表现出来,充分利用音乐这一载体,使学生在轻松的环境中学到新单词,学习之门很容易地被开启了。 如:让学生记形容词和副词的比较级、最高级的不规则变化时,我们可以配上“Happy birthday to you”的曲子(乐谱见第143 页)。 [图片] 实践证明,这样可以使学生在愉快的气氛中,不知不觉地记牢这些形容词和副词的比较级、最高级不规则变化后的形式。 然后,教师放慢速度,用自然的语调再朗读一遍所学单词,让学生准确模仿读音,最后再让学生和着音乐进行操练,来巩固所学单词。在音乐中,学生潜意识地进行记忆,进而把知识储存下来。事实证明,这种方法比单纯地机械领读、跟读单词效果要好得多。 二、单词拼写的教学 单词教学除了要求学生能正确地读出来之外,还要求学生能正确地拼写所学单词,那么怎样才能快速无误地把这些单词拼写出来呢? 首先,对于一些简单的符合拼读规则的词,可以用其读音来帮助学生正确地拼写出单词, 如:重读开音节词:Mike,bike,fine,go,so,those;重读闭音节词:sit,in,is,get,bed,desk 等。 其次,对于较长而又不符合拼读规则的词,最好是通过书写来教学。这是因为由小脑操纵的肌肉记忆是最有效的记忆形式之一,要求学生做到:“一看、二遮盖、三写、四检查”。具体操作如下: 1. 看:让学生先仔细地看一个新词,记住他们所看到的。 2. 盖:看后盖上那个新词,使他们看不到。 3. 写:让学生凭记忆写那个新词。 4.查:最后由教师或学生自己检查。 如果该词没有被正确地拼写出,不要改正它,再重复以上步骤,经多次实践证明,这种训练方法可以使学生较牢固地记住新单词,并准确无误地拼写出来。 三、单词识记的方法 在单词教学中除了借助构词法来记单词外,还要给学生介绍一些记忆单词的方法。 (一)词中词记忆法 例:start(开始)——star(星) wind(风)—— win(获胜) forget(忘记)——for(为了)——get(得到) (二) 记忆单位记忆法 记忆单位记忆法即以某一个最简单的词或某一个字母组合作为记忆单位,然后用联想记忆法进行强化记忆,把一个个“个体词汇”构成可以纵横联想的“立体词汇”,从而使词汇有效持久地保存在自己的脑海中,运用这种记忆法,可以使学生在短时间内记住大量词汇。 例:-ace-eep face(脸)deep(深) place(地点) sleep(睡) space(空间) keep(保留) (三)词义对比记忆法 1.同义词记忆法:即把相同或相近意义的词汇归纳到一起强化记忆。 例:advice 建议;劝告 autumn 秋季 suggest 建议;暗示fall 秋季;落下 2.反义词记忆法:即把相反或相对意义的词汇归纳到一起强化记忆。 例:agree 同意 long 长的 disagree 不同意short 短的 (四)劳逸结合记单词 另外,还要注意学习过程中及时休息。我们知道,一段演讲的开头部分、结尾部分和精彩部分最容易让人记住,所以,在单词的教学中,我们要用一定的间歇用来休息,这样就会有多次的开头、结尾和精彩部分,使学生记住的单词也就愈多。 四、及时复习,防止遗忘 根据艾滨浩斯的遗忘曲线得知,遗忘的规律是先快后慢。科学实验表明:英语单词在记住后若不及时复习,隔一天可保留90%,隔三天可保留60%,隔4-7 天则忘掉60-70%,隔三周仅有模糊印象。因此,我们记住一些单词后,还要不断地巩固,具体做法是:让学生把一些新单词制成音、形、义、图相结合的卡片,在学习新单词后当天睡前复习一次,第二天早晨复习一次, 一周之后,一个月之后或考试之前再分别进行一次复习巩固,以和遗忘作斗争。要知道,最佳复习时间是在“即将遗忘而还未遗忘时”复习,效果最好。 总之,记单词的过程也是和遗忘作斗争的过程,我们只有有效地克服遗忘,才可以牢记所学单词。当然,好的方法还有很多,如在“用中记单词、归类识记单词、奇思妙想记单词”。但光有好的方法,不下功夫也不行,同学们必须端正学习态度,做好和困难作斗争的心理准备,只有这样才能打好词汇战役,牢固掌握所学单词,有效防止学生因记不住单词而造成两极分化, 真正把语言知识变成言语能力。

『柒』 词族的直接英语词汇教学和词族循环记忆法

众所周知，词汇教学既是大学英语教学中最重要的一个环节，也是最困难的一个环节。威尔金斯竭力主张，词汇在语言教学中应占重要地位。“没有语法，人们能说的话很少；没有词汇，人们一句话也说不出。”这是他的名言。以往英语词汇教学基本都是在综合英语课中伴随语言点的教学进行的。本文提出直接英语词汇教学，即把英语词汇作为单独的语言知识来实施教学，以词汇学和记忆学为基础，暂时摆脱语境直接习得英语词汇，以达到扩大词汇量的目的。 要更好地了解一个人，最好能知道他的家世，要更好地了解一个词，最好能知道这个词的词源。学习语文，无论是母语或外语，不一定要对词源学进行深入的研究；但是，多留意字和词的来源和历史，对语文学习肯定是很有帮助的。
适当的词源知识，可以帮助我们警惕和避免某些常见的语文错误。例如我们知道“步”是左右两脚一前一后的象形，便不会把它的下半部分写成“少”；知道“初”原义是“裁衣之始”，所以从“刀”从“衣”，便不会把它写成“示”旁；......同样，许多人把consensus（时下流行译为“共识”）误拼为concensus（不少英国人也犯这错误），是不懂得这个词和解作同意的consent同源，而跟census无关。和consent同义且同源的assent，自然也不能跟解作攀登的ascent混淆。又如privilege（特权），常被误拼作previlege，是由于不了解它其实和private（私有的）同源，而并非带有表示“先”或“前”的前缀pre-。
词源知识也可以帮助我们理解词语的含义，尤其当我们学习像英文这样一种拼音文字的时候。中文里的词语是由有意义的单字组成的，像“自治”，“语言学”，“皮下注射”，“无政府主义”，“二百周年纪念”等词语，一般都可望文生义，尽管理解不一定十分准确，至少可以猜个大概。而英文里的对应词语autonomy, philology, anarchism和 bicentenary, 表面上似乎不能分解为简单元素的组合，如果首次遇上，很难猜透它们的含义。其实，许多较长的英文单词，都是由两个或多个“构词元素”组成的；单词数量庞大，而且新词不断涌现，没有人敢说在日常的阅读中不会遇上陌生的词语。但是，构词元素的数量却有限；如果掌握了常用的构词元素（例如出现在上面词汇里的auto-, philo-, -logy, hypo-, -derm, an-, -arch, bi-, cent-等），新词的含义往往不难想而得之，只有需要十分准确的解释时才用翻查词典，这很有利于提高阅读能力和兴趣。
对于来自神话故事，文学作品或历史事件的词语，要透彻理解它，正确运用它，也必须弄清它的典故。
留意词源，又可以帮助我们记忆词汇。我们学习中文字，不会把笔划看作随意堆叠的线条，而会运用部首，义符，声符等概念，说明这个字是怎样造成的，从而帮助记忆。学习英文时，遇到字母较多的生词，研究一下它是怎样构成的，也会使它变得容易记。商务印书馆出版的《英华大词典》（修订第二版）收录的最长的单词是（硅酸盐沉着病，肺尘病），长四十五个字母，不想一个方法是很难记得牢的，英国的医学界为什么要给这个病取个这样啰嗦的名字，当然有其道理：silico, volcano, coni, osis这些元素，各自有其含义，合起来正好准确地表达了这个病的特征。弄通了各个元素的意义，记起来便容易得多了。
此外，研究词源，可以帮助我们理解语文学习中碰到的一些异常现象。英文读音有许多令人费解的例子，如island, debt, receipt, indict等，都不按明显的读音规则念。我们固然可以不问为什么，把英文读音看作就是不可理喻的，然而这对学习并没有好处。相反，当我们从这些词的产生和演变过程中发现它们为什么“与众不同”的时候，我们的学习不但增加了趣味，而且学习的效果会更好。（曾钰成1992：1-） 文化是人类在历史长河中所创造的物质文明和精神文明的总和。然而语言和文化的关系又是那么的密不可分：语言根植于文化，语言体现文化，语言同时也影响文化。词汇是语言的最基本的组成部分，一个词汇有时就一颗晶莹剔透的露珠，有时象一颗可以分割的彩色的鹅卵石，蕴含并折射出该语言背后的五颜六色的文化背景。直接词汇教学应该突出词汇与文化的关系，并且通过学习一些富有文化内涵的词汇，学习一些英语语言中最主要的文化背景知识，定会为我们的英语学习和跨文化交际带来意想不到的方便和益处！
（四）念念有词——词汇理据性（象似性）知识的教学词汇无论从词源、构词、词义还是词汇与文化的关系上都不是任意的，有着这样或那样的理据性。近年来国内外关于语言符号象似性的研究正在深入进行，其研究成果越来越多地表明词汇（包括句法、篇章等）具有明显的理据性。在直接词汇教学中可直接借鉴象似性研究的成果来更加有效地组织实施直接词汇教学。近年来国内外有关语言符号象音性、象形性、象义性（张士河，2001：p190）以及英语词汇象似性关系等方面的文章，都可借鉴用来指导直接英语词汇教学。国内外正在兴起的词汇语义学和音义学等也将为直接词汇教学提供一些有力的指导依据。
词汇的意义（词汇作为语言符号的所指）是语言作为认知和交际工具的本质内容，因此研究词汇的意义理据以及衍生意义理据是必要的，同时也将会使学生们更加科学更加方便地掌握词汇的意义。奥斯汀（J. Austin）在他的论文“词的意义”（The Meaning of a Word,1961）中提出：一个词的各种意义构成一个范畴，各意义之间不是具有相同的特征，而是以某种方式发生联系。如“healthy body”，“healthy exercise”，“healthy complexion”。“healthy”在不同的搭配中含义是不同的，但各意义之间又具有联系。“healthy body”中的“healthy”的含义为中心含义，奥斯汀称其为核心含义（primary nuclear sense），其他含义：使健康的（making sb. healthy in “healthy exercise”）、来自健康身体的（as a result of a healthy body in “healthy complexion”）与中心含义具有因果关系（Austin认为是局部代替整体的关系）。这样，“healthy”具有中心含义，又有扩展含义（extended senses），而这些含义之间不是任意的，而是构成一个相关的范畴，是自然的，无意识的，心里真实的。（赵艳芳，2001：21-22） 奥斯汀还研究了莱考夫后来称为“隐喻”的现象（他当时称为“analogy”），如the foot of a mountain, the foot of a list，认为这种概念结构是将人们对人体的认知投射到其他事物的认知的结果。奥斯汀还注意到一个词的意义范畴中的各种意义之间的连锁现象（chaining），即词义的连锁变化：A→B→C→D…，尽管A、D之间的联系可能已不可辨认，词义A、B，B、C，C、D之间具有某种联系。A被称为核心含义，B、C、D被称为连锁的扩展意义。Austin的观点虽然当时未形成势力，但他的主要贡献是将语言纳入了哲学和认知的研究领域，说明了“语言归根到底是认知的一个方面”（Lakoff,1987,p.21）。（ditto, 22）

『捌』 4级英语词汇表

去买一本，四级词的书吧
这些是四级常用短语
常用短语

1. a series of 一系列,一连串
2. above all 首先,尤其是
3. after all 毕竟,究竟
4. ahead of 在...之前
5. ahead of time 提前
6. all at once 突然,同时
7. all but 几乎;除了...都
8. all of a sudden 突然
9. all over 遍及
10. all over again 再一次,重新
11. all the time 一直,始终
12. all the same 仍然,照样的
13. as regards 关于,至于
14. anything but 根本不
15. as a matter of fact 实际上
16. apart from 除...外(有/无)
17. as a rule 通常,照例
18. as a result(of) 因此,由于
19. as far as ...be concerned 就...而言
20. as far as 远至,到...程度
21. as for 至于,关于
22. as follows 如下
23. as if 好像,仿佛
24. as good as 和...几乎一样
25. as usual 像平常一样,照例
26. as to 至于,关于
27. all right 令人满意的;可以
28. as well 同样,也,还
29. as well as 除...外(也),即...又
30. aside from 除...外(还有)
31. at a loss 茫然,不知所措
32. at a time 一次,每次
33. at all 丝毫(不),一点也不
34. at all costs 不惜一切代价
35. at all events 不管怎样,无论如何
36. at all times 随时,总是
37. at any rate 无论如何,至少
38. at best 充其量,至多
39. at first 最初,起先
40. at first sight 乍一看,初看起来
41. at hand 在手边,在附近
42. at heart 内心里,本质上
43. at home 在家,在国内
44. at intervals 不时,每隔...
45. at large 大多数,未被捕获的
46. at least 至少
47. at last 终于
48. at length 最终,终于
49. at most 至多,不超过
50. at no time 从不,决不
51. by accident 偶然
52. at one time 曾经,一度;同时
53. at present 目前,现在
54. at sb's disposal 任...处理
55. at the cost of 以...为代价
56. at the mercy of 任凭...摆布
57. at the moment 此刻,目前
58. at this rate 照此速度
59. at times 有时,间或
60. back and forth 来回地,反复地
61. back of 在...后面
62. before long 不久以后
63. beside point 离题的,不相干的
64. beyond question 毫无疑问
65. by air 通过航空途径
66. by all means 尽一切办法,务必
67. by and by 不久,迟早
68. by chance 偶然,碰巧
69. by far 最,...得多
70. by hand 用手,用体力
71. by itself 自动地,独自地
72. by means of 用,依靠
73. by mistake 错误地,无意地
74. by no means 决不,并没有
75. by oneself 单独地,独自地
76. by reason of 由于
77. by the way 顺便说说
78. by virtue of 借助,由于
79. by way of 经由,通过...方法
80. e to 由于,因为
81. each other 互相
82. even if/though 即使,虽然
83. ever so 非常,极其
84. every now and then 时而,偶尔
85. every other 每隔一个的
86. except for 除了...外
87. face to face 面对面地
88. far from 远非,远离
89. for ever 永远
90. for good 永久地
91. for the better 好转
92. for the moment 暂时,目前
93. for the present 暂时,目前
94. for the sake of 为了,为了...的利益
95. for the time being 暂时,眼下
96. from time to time 有时,不时
97. hand in hand 手拉手 ,密切关联
98. head on 迎面地,正面的
99. heart and soul 全心全意地
100. how about ...怎么样
101. in a hurry 匆忙,急于
102. in case of 假如,防备
103. in a moment 立刻,一会儿
104. in a sense 从某种意义上说
105. in a way 在某种程度上
106. in a word 简言之,总之
107. in accordance with 与...一致,按照
108. in addition 另外,加之
109. in addition to 除...之外(还)
110. in advance 预先,事先
111. in all 总共,合计
112. in any case 无论如何
113. in any event 无论如何
114. in brief 简单地说
115. in charge of 负责,总管
116. in common 共用的,共有的
117. in consequence(of) 因此;由于
118. in debt 欠债,欠情
119. in detail 详细地
120. in difficulty 处境困难
121. in effect 实际上,事实上
122. in general 一般来说,大体上
123. in favour of 支持,赞成
124. in front of 面对,在...前
125. in half 成两半
126. in hand 在进行中,待办理
127. in honour of 为庆祝,为纪念
128. in itself 本质上,就其本身而言
129. in line with 与...一致
130. in memory of 纪念
131. in no case 决不
132. in no time 立即,马上
133. in no way 决不
134. in order 按顺序,按次序
135. in other words 换句话说
136. in part 部分地
137. in particular 特别,尤其
138. in person 亲自,本人
139. in place 在合适的位置
140. in place of 代替,取代,交换
141. in practice 在实践中,实际上
142. in proportion to 与...成比例
143. in public 公开地,当众
144. in quantity 大量
145. in question 正在谈论的
146. in regard to 关于,至于
147. in relation to 关于,涉及
148. in return 作为报答/回报/交换
149. in return for 作为对...报答
150. in short 简言之,总之
151. in sight 被见到;在望
152. in spite of 尽管
153. in step 齐步,合拍
154. in step with 与...一致/协调
155. in tears 流着泪,在哭着
156. in the course of 在...期间/过程中
157. in the distance 在远处
158. in the end 最后,终于
159. in the event of 如果...发生,万一
160. in the face of 即使;在...面前
161. in the first place 首先
162. in the future 在未来
163. in the least 丝毫,一点
164. in (the)light of 鉴于,由于
165. in the way 挡道
166. in the world 究竟,到底
167. in time 及时
168. in touch 联系,接触
169. in turn 依次,轮流;转而
170. in vain 徒劳,白费力
171. instead of 代替,而不是
172. just now 眼下;刚才
173. little by little 逐渐地
174. lots of 许多
175. many a 许多
176. more or less 或多或少,有点
177. next door 隔壁的,在隔壁
178. no doubt 无疑地
179. no less than 不少于...;不亚于...
180. no longer 不再
181. no more 不再
182. no more than 至多,同...一样不
183. none other than 不是别的,正是
184. on one's guard 警惕,提防
185. nothing but 只有,只不过
186. now and then 时而,偶尔
187. off and on 断断续续,间歇地
188. off ty 下班
189. on a large/small scale 大/小规模地
190. on account of 由于
191. on(an/the) average 平均,通常
192. on behalf of 代表
193. on board 在船(车/飞机)上
194. on business 因公
195. on condition that 如果
196. on ty 上班,值班
197. on earth 究竟,到底
198. on fire 起火着火
199. on foot 步行,
200. on guard 站岗,值班
201. on hand 在场,在手边
202. on occasion(s) 有时,间或
203. on one's own 独立,独自
204. on purpose 故意地
205. on sale 出售,廉价出售
206. on schele 按时间表,准时
207. on second thoughts 经重新考虑
208. on the contrary 正相反
209. on the grounds of 根据,以...为由
210. on (the) one hand 一方面
211. on the other hand 另一方面
212. on the point of 即将...的时刻
213. on the road 在旅途中
214. on the side 作为兼职/副 业
215. on the spot 在场;马上
216. on the whole 总的来说,大体上
217. on time 准时
218. once again 再一次
219. once(and)for all 一劳永逸地
220. once in a while 偶尔
221. once more 再一次
222. once upon a time 从前
223. one another 相互
224. or else 否则,要不然
225. or so 大约,左右
226. other than 非;除了
227. out of 从...中;由于;缺乏
228. out of breath 喘不过气来
229. out of control 失去控制
230. out of date 过时的
231. out of doors 在户外
232. out of order 出故障的
233. out of place 不适当的
234. out of practice 久不练习,荒疏
235. out of sight 看不见,在视野外
236. out of the question 毫无可能的
237. out of touch 不联系,不接触
238. over and over(again) 一再地,再三地
239. prior to 在...之前
240. quite a few 相当多,不少
241. rather than 不是...(而是)
242. regardless of 不顾,不惜
243. right away 立即,马上
244. side by side 肩并肩,一起
245. so far 迄今为止
246. sooner or later 迟早,早晚
247. step by step 逐步地
248. such as 例如,诸如
249. thanks to 由于,多亏
250. that is (to say) 就是说,即
251. to the point 切中要害,切题
252. under control 处于控制之下
253. under the circumstances 这种情况下
254. up to date切合目前情况的
255. up to 多达;直到;胜任;取决于
256. what if如果...将怎么样
257. what about 怎么样
258. with respect to关于,至于
259. with regard to 关于,至于
260. without question毫无疑问
261. with the exception of 除...之外
262. word for word 逐字的