A. 誰能幫我寫個畢業論文（英語翻譯）可以的話2000分酬謝
Market Research and Export Promotion
Export Marketing Plan
The marking plan is the basis on which all the overseas promotion is formulated. To devise the marketing plan involves reconciling the export strategies and objectives of the manufacturer into marketing terms.The marketing plan embraces many elements including market research project, promotion/advertising details, procts involved and their quantity available, distribution arrangements and total volume/value of goods Where relevant, various costing information should be included, particularly the research and advertising budget. Overall; the plan must be realistic and should have a clear sense of purpose and direction
Export Market Research
Before making goods for a new overseas market, as in the home trade, it is necessary to discover first of all if the goods can be sold profitably in that market. To answer that question is one of the objects of market research. Export market research, in particular, is a study of a given market abroad to determine the needs of that market and the methods by which the procts; can best be supplied. It may be carried out to determine:
1. If a new proct likely to find a market.
2. Whether an established proct is likely to meet with a good demand in a new market. 3.Why sales of a proct have declined, either generally or in a certain area Here, in this chapter is laid on the first point: Market research is vital to success in overseas Markets To look for a suitable market an exporter must consider, for example:
1.Political and Economic Conditions Countries with different political and economic systems take different attitudes toward foreign
trade business.Their policies and regulations concerning import and export， exchange control，customs, ties and other tariffs will greatly affect the suitability for a new market.
2.Physical and Climatic Conditions The suitability of his procts: heavy clothing is not worn in hot climates; mountaineering equipment would not be in demand in a flat country.
3. Social Conditions
If there is a low standard．of living with poor wage levels, there nay be no market for television sets or cars or luxury procts. It may be desirable, even necessary,for price lists and sales promotion literature to be translated into a local language,with local units of measurement
5
and of the survey questionnaire and in the interviewing process. Surveys may be very expensive,
and they are time--consuming: Another key weakness is that respondents often cannot or will not
give true answers.
The interviewing in the survey may be done by the researcher in person, by telephone, or by
mail.
1.Personal Interviews
Personal interviews are more flexible than the other two types because interviews can alter
the questions to fit-the situation as they see it: They
are able to probe snore deeply if an answer is not satisfactory. Ordinarily, it is possible to
obtain more information by personal interview .than by telephone: or mail. Also, the interview
can by observation; obtain data regarding the respondents'socioeconomic status-their
home ,neighborhood, and apparent standard of living.
The major limitations of this method of interviewing are its relative high cost, the length of
time needed to conct the survey, and the chance of introcing ,errors ring the interviewing.
2. Telephone Survey
In a telephone survey, the respondent, is approached by telephone, and
interview is
completed at that time. Telephone surveys can usually be concted more rapidly and at less cost
than either personal or mail surveys. Tele: phone surveys are lees flexible than personal
Interviews, but more flexible than mail survey. Another significant advantage is that a
telephone. survey -may be timely. For instance, people may be asked whether they are watching
television at the moment and; if so, the name of the program and the sponsor. One limitation of
the telephone survey is that interviews must be short: Lengthy interviews cannot be concted
satisfactorily over the phone.
3.Interviewing by Mail
Interviewing by mail involves mailing a questionnaire to potential respondents and having
them return the completed form by mail. Mailed questionnaires ape more economical than
personal interviews and are particularly useful in national surveys,Also, if the respondents
remain anonymous, they are more likely to give true answers because they do not feel the need
to impress the interviewer.
A major problem with mail' questionnaires is the Compilation of a good mailing list,
especially for a broad-scale survey. If the sample can be drawn from a limited list, such as
property taxpayers in certain counties or subscribers to a magazine, the list presents no
problem.Another significant limitation concerns the reliability of the questionnaire returns,
Particularly when the returns are-anonymous. If the respondents have characteristics that
6
differentiate them from nonrespondents, the survey results will be invalid. Further,the
questionnaire must be reasonably shorted the questions very simple; there is no to explain in a
puzzling question. Ideally
:Yes.'' or「No" or pre
choice type of :proces the best results.
Here is an example:
Questionnaire for Market
＿
Research on
Smoking
A. Do you smoke cigarettes? Yes/No (If No,terminate)
B How. many do you smoke a day?
C. What size of cigarette do you smoke ? Mini ,Standard ,Large
D. Do you smoke filter tips.? Yes/No
E. Do you smoke menthol cigarettes?
一
Yes/No
Observational Method
In
the
observational
method,
the
data
are
collected
by
observing
some
action
of
the
respondent: No interviews are involved, although an interview may be used as a follow-up to-get
additional
information.
For
instance,if
customers
are
observed
buying
beer
in
cans
instead
of
bottles; they may be asked; why they prefer that one form of packaging to the other.
Information
may
be
gathered
by
personal
or
mechanical
observation.
In
one
form
of
personal observation the researcher poses as a customer in a store. This technique is useful in
getting information about the caliber of the -sales people
，
or in determining what brands they
push.
Mechanical
observation
is
illustrated
by
an
electric
cord
stretched
across
a
high
way
to
count the
number
一
of cars that pass ring a certain time period
The observation method has several merits. It can be highly accurate
．
Often it removes a11
doubt about what the customer does in: a given, situation. The consumers are unaware that they
are being observed; so presumably they action theft usual fashion.
The observation technique reces interviewer bias. However, the possibility of bias is not-
completely eliminated as long as people are used as :observers. Another disadvantage is that the
technique is limited in its application. Observation tells what happened; but it cannot tell why. It
cannot delve into motives, attitudes,or opinions.
Experimental Method
The experimental method of gathering primary data involves the establishment of a
controlled experiment that stimulates the real market situation as much as possible. The theory is
that' the small-scale experiment will furnish valuable information f tar designing a large scale
marketing program.
7
The experimental method may be used in several different ways. In one instance, a firm
may manufacture a few units of a proct and give them to employees or consumers to try out:
Probably the major application of the experimental method has been in market testing. This
technique consist establishing a control market, in which all factors remain constant and one or
more test markets,in which one factor is varied. A firm may be trying to determine whether to
change the color of its package.In city A, the proct is marketed in its traditional color. In each
of cities B, C, and D, a different color is used. All other factor are kept constant. By measuring
sales in the four market over a period of time;
．
the manufacturer, hopes to determine which color
is most effective.
The outstanding merit of the experimental method is it realism. It is the only one of the
three methods of gathering primary data that stimulate an actual maket situation. The problem is
that it is expensive.It requires long periods of careful planning and administration.
Analyze the Data and Prepare a Report
The final steps in market research project are to analyze the data and interpret the findings.
Information gathered from market research is a guide to the invention
，
proction and sales of
the procts for which there is a market. Today sophisticated electronic data processing
equipment enables a researcher to tabulate and analyze masses of data quickly, and
inexpensively.
The end proct of the investigation is the researcher's conclusion and recommendations,
submitted, in written form on which the company's policy and proceedings concerning export
promotion are based.
Export Promotion-Advertising
After deciding there are good prospects, for his goods abroad through the study of the
market research investigation, the maker or the exporter will, of course; take measures to
promote, exporting of the goods to that market. A most important measure in this respect is to
advertise; the aid to trade that deals with the problem of giving information about the goods and
0helps to put
buyers and sellers in touch with one another.
By means of advertisements a supplier, tells
people what goods he has for sale and emphasizes their good points in the hope that people will
buy them. Advertising can, be undertaken by the company's sales or publicity department; or an
advertising agcy is to be
．
engaged as an adviser.
Purpose of Advertising
1.To Inform
8
Advertising can be used to place facts before public. An advertisement for a car may
include some technical details, so that part of the advertisement is informative. Another
advertisement may be .entirely informative,such as the
announcement of the opening of a new
shop.2 To Persuade although the advertisement for the car may give some facts, its over-all
objective is to persuade people to buy the car. To do this various subtle methods may be used.
The illustration, for instance; may give an exaggerated impression of
the car's power The
wording and the lay-out
may be designed to appeal to the emotion rather than the mind: If you
study some advertisement for practical procts, you will find that they contain little or no
technical information. One would not expect to find a .scientific analysis in an' advertisement for
a cake of toilet soap, of course, but an examination of advertisement for. medicinal goods will
show that the appeal is mainly to the emotions.3: To Remind Some advertisements aim merely to
keep the name of :the proct before the public. A newspaper advertisement may consist of only
a picture of a packet of cigarettes; a bus may carry,the name of an insurance company; a poster
may display a well-known advertising phrase. They say nothing but serve a useful. purpose in
constantly reminding the public of, the, name of the proct
Advertising Media
The term "media" means the forms used 'to carry advertisement. The choice of media
depends upon the proct and the audience the advertisement is aimed at For example, very few
people are interested in coins. A coin dealer would want to appeal to that small number of people
and to no one else. He would therefore advertise in a magazine which most coin enthusiasts
read.
The cost of advertising in newspapers large depends upon the circulation of each
newspaper.If a newspaper sells a million copies, it is possible (although not probable) that a
million people will read an advertisement in it. Some
pages in a newspaper are more expensive
to advertise in than are others, because most people will read the general news pages but only
some will
the pages devoted to sport, fashion, the arts; etc. Different
一
types of people read
different newspapers, so an advertiser will use those papers whose readers are likely to be
possible buyers of his procts. For example, an art gallery would not advertise in a "popular"
news paper because few of its readers would be likely to be visitors to art galleries.
2 Magazines
The same principles about which media to use also apply to magazines. There are
magazines which men read, those which women read and those which both read. Within each
9
group there is specialization, so that one magazine will be read by one "social group" and not by
another.
3. Radio and Television
These are the most
、
expensive of advertising media. A broadcast at a "peak time"will be
heard or seen by millions of people: If only a tiny fraction of them respond, the huge cost twill
have been justified. One reason for the success of such advertising is that it is difficult to ignore.
A broadcast will be heard: or seen by everyone using a radio or television set; even if only
subconsciously, it will make an impression. On the other hand, when you read a newspaper or a
magazine you will not even notice most of the advertisements
A radio or television advertisement must make an instant appeal. There may be only 30
seconds to get the message across; so its impacts
must be immediate.
4 Outdoor Advertising
This includes posters, advertisements on vans and buses and in trains. The message must be
simple and short, perhaps with an immediately recognizable illustration.
Selection of Customers-Credit information
Once the overseas' market has been found, the next step is to look for suitable customers
with whom the maker or exporter expects to establish good business relationships. Undoubtedly,
he wishes to deal with those customers of high credit standing, and that is one of the chief factors
to consider at the tune of setting up new business connections.The information about the credit
or financial standing of an overseas trader can be obtained from various sources. They are
chiefly banks, trade associations professional credit information services, and consulates abroad.
Upon application for or on receipt of letters asking for the credit standing of the foreign trader in
question these organizations are willing to provide,
without any responsibility on their part,a credit or financial report on the trader, which is
usually considered as private and confidential. The report is based on the relative references,
files, and records they have kept or on the result of an investigation made accordingly. In view of
the financial or credit status stated or recommended in the report alongside of other factors the
maker .or manufacturer may freely consider the intended customer acceptable or not.
B. 師哥師姐，大家好，大學英語專業畢業論文，需要寫一個1000字的翻譯報告，怎麼寫呀，跪求
論文著作權實行自願登記，論文不論是否登記，作者或其他著作權人依法取得的著作權不受影響。我國實行作品自願登記制度的在於維護作者或其他著作權人和作品使用者的合法權益，有助於解決因著作權歸屬造成的著作權糾紛，並為解決著作權糾紛提供初步證據。
(1)文後參考文獻不編序號,僅在文末按其重要程度或參考的先後順序排列。 (2)文後參考文獻不注頁碼。(3)文後參考文獻的著錄項目及次序與注釋基本相同。 1) 著錄參考文獻可以反映論文作者的科學態度和論文具有真實、廣泛的科學依據，也反映出該論文的起點和深度。2) 著錄參考文獻能方便地把論文作者的成果與前人的成果區別開來。 3)著錄參考文獻能起索引作用。 4) 著錄參考文獻有利於節省論文篇幅。 5) 著錄參考文獻有助於科技情報人員進行情報研究和文摘計量學研究。
a．報告
[序號]主要責任者．文獻題名[文獻類型標識]．出版地：出版者，出版年．
b．期刊文章
[序號]主要責任者．文獻題名[J]．刊名，年，卷(期)． 何齡修．讀顧城《南明史》[J]．中國史研究，1998(3)．
c．論文獻
[序號]析出文獻主要責任者．析出文獻題名 [A]．原文獻主要責任者(任選)．原文獻題名[C]．出版地：出版者，出版年． 瞿秋白．現代文明的問題與社會主義[A]．羅榮渠．從西化到現代化[C]．北京：北京大學出版社，1990．
d．報紙文章
論文種類
為了探討和掌握論文的寫作規律和特點，需要對論文進行分類。由於論文本身的內容和性質不同，研究領域、對象、方法、表現方式不同，因此，論文就有不同的分類方法。按內容性質和研究方法的不同可以把論文分為理論性論文、實驗性論文、描述性論文和設計性論文。另外還有一種綜合型的分類方法，即把論文分為專題型、論辯型、綜述型和綜合型四大類：
專題型
這是分析前人研究成果的基礎上，以直接論述的形式發表見解，從正面提出某學科中某一學術問題的一種論文。
論辯型
這是針對他人在某學科中某一學術問題的見解，憑借充分的論據，著重揭露其不足或錯誤之處，通過論辯形式來發表見解的一種論文。
綜述型
這是在歸納、總結前人或今人對某學科中某一學術問題已有研究成果的基礎上，加以介紹或評論，從而發表自己見解的一種論文。
綜合型
這是一種將綜述型和論辯型兩種形式有機結合起來寫成的一種論文。
C. 大學英語論文
跟你是一個專業的，之前我也在為論文苦惱了半天，網上的範文和能搜到內的資料，大都容不全面，一般能有個正文就不錯了，開題報告、中期報告什麼的都沒有，關鍵是沒有數據和分析部分，我好不容易搞出來一篇，結果老師說太簡單。還好後來找到品學論文網，直接讓老師輔導我寫作，非常專業，核心的部分幫我搞定了，也給了很多參考文獻資料。哎，專業的事還是要找專業的人來做啊，建議有問題參考下品學論文網吧
D. 求一篇大學英語作文，議論文~
What animals mean to human being, close friends or lists of recipe? Some people consider that animals should be regarded as friends instead of food or sources of clothing, while the opponents think animals are born to service for human being.
As far as I am concerned, I advocate the former』 opinoin. There are two main reasons for that. First of all, it is known that more and more rare animals are endangered, because of the human being』s capture. People peel off the animals』 skin to make coats and use their further to make clothes, even eating the meat of extinct animals and don』t care whether the food is delious or not, only because it is rare and not easily available. Which definitely leads to the extinction of certain animals. On the other hand, with the development of civilization, people should acknowledge that every creature has its right to live. Which guaranteea the harmony of the earth. Thus people need to show their respect to the animals and let them live better instead of hurting them or killing them. This behavior should be forbidden in today』s civilized circumstance.
In conclusion, presently animals are no longer regarded as sources of food and clothing. In stead, animals are people』s close friends who can company people especially to the olders who always like rearing the pets with whose company the olders don』t feel lonely any more. For those animals who are disapearing, people need to pay more attention to them to aviod their extinction. Otherwise people could only see them in museum, not in the nature. What a pity.
E. 英文本科論文寫作要求多少字數
非211、985學校的本科畢業論文字數在6000-8000左右(工程類需要制圖的專業則會超過這個數字)，而一些要求較高或者重點學校則要求論文字數在1萬左右或以上，總之各個學校在論文字數上的規定都有細微的差異。
知識拓展
一、本科生畢業論文的主要內容：
1. 題目 (宋體，小二，居中)
2. 中文摘要(200字以上)，關鍵詞;字體：宋體、小四號，字元間距：標准;行距：20磅
3. 英文摘要，關鍵詞;
4. 目錄
5. 正文;字體：宋體、小四號，字元間距：標准;行距：20磅
6. 參考文獻。期刊內容包括：作者 題名，刊名，年，卷(期)：起始頁碼-結束頁碼。著作內容包括：作者、編者，文獻題名，出版社，出版年份，起止頁碼。
7. 附件：開題報告和檢查情況記錄表
二、格式要求：
1. 書寫格式要求：填寫項目必須用碳素或藍黑墨水鋼筆書寫;
2. 文稿要求：文字通順，語言流暢，版面整潔，便於裝訂。Word文稿A4紙列印。
3. 圖紙要求：圖面整潔，布局合理，線條粗細均勻，圓弧連接光滑，尺寸標准規范，文字注釋必須使用工程字書寫;
4. 曲線圖表要求：所有曲線、圖表、線路圖、流程圖、程序框圖、示意圖等不得簡單徒手畫，須按國家規范標准或工程要求繪制;
5. 公式要求：所有公式不得徒手書寫，利用Microsoft公式編輯器或Mathtype編輯。
三、畢業論文檔案應包括以下內容：
1. 大學畢業論文(設計)封面(教務處統一印製);
2. 畢業論文，包括題目及目錄、開題報告、內容提要、正文及相關圖表、參考文獻及其他附件等;
3. 指導教師、答辯委員會評閱意見、成績評定表;
4. 其他附件
F. 求大學英語關於流行文化2000字左右的論文，不用很復雜，大二的水準就行哈，原創高懸賞奧。
你好的！
① 中國知網也好、萬方數據也好都有例子！
② 並且大部分的院校都有免費的介面！
③ 如果真沒有免費的介面，那就網路知道懸賞求助下載吧！
④ 要是要外文的論文准備翻譯的話，最好的辦法就是【谷歌學術】
⑤ 需要什麼語言的論文直接就用相應的語言搜索！100% 能找到類似的！
⑥ 至於翻譯，可以直接谷歌翻一下，弄完在自己縷縷就可以了！
⑦ 要是計算機類的代碼什麼的到CSDN或者51CTO下載！
【友情提示】==================論文寫作方法===========================
{首先就不要有馬上畢業，最後一次花點錢就得了的想法}
① 其實，原創的論文網上沒有免費為你代謝的！誰願意花時間給你寫這個呢？難道你在空閑的時間原以為別人提供這種毫無意義的服務么？所以：還不如自己寫。主要是網上的不可靠因素太多，萬一碰到騙人的，就不上算了。
② 寫作論文的簡單方法，首先大概確定自己的選題【這個很可能老師已經給你確定了】，然後在網上查找幾份類似的文章。
③ 通讀一些相關資料，對這方面的內容有個大概的了解！看看別人都從哪些方面寫這個東西！
④ 參照你們學校的論文的格式，列出提綱，接著要將提綱給你們老師看看，再修改。等老師同意你這個提綱之後，你就可以補充內容！
⑤ 也可以把這幾份論文綜合一下，從每篇論文上復制一部分，組成一篇新的文章！然後把按自己的語言把每一部分換下句式或詞，經過換詞不換意的辦法處理後,網上就查不到了！
⑥ 最後，到萬方等資料庫進行檢測【這里便宜啊，每一萬字才1塊錢】，將掃紅部分進行再次修改！
⑦ 祝你順利完成論文!
【WARNING】=========================================================
[Ⅰ] 如果確認找人代筆，交押金的要慎重考慮！
[Ⅱ] 淘寶交易的話，一定看好他的打款時間，有的設定為【3天】，到期之後人家自然收到錢！
[Ⅲ] 希望用我的回答能讓童鞋們多個心眼！
G. 高手給我一篇2000--2500字大學英語論文啊.謝謝
whats wrong with u `?
do it urself ~~dong waste time man~~~