1. 英語寫作中常見的幾種句型
英語寫作中常見的十二種句型
such+名詞性片語+that…
so+形容詞/副詞+that…——如此……以致……
例如：(1)she is such a good teacher that we all love her.她是一個好老師，我們都愛她。
(2)it was such a hot day that they didn』t go out for a walk as usual.這么熱的天氣，他們沒有像往常一樣去散步。
注意點：
1.such+a+形容詞+名詞+that…，可以改寫成：so+形容詞+a+名詞+that…，例句(1)可以改寫成：she is so good a teacher that we all love her.
2.在such+形容詞+名詞復數或不可數名詞+that…結構中，形容詞如果是many/few或much/little時，用so不用such，即：so+many/few+可數名詞復數+that…，so+much/little+不可數名詞+that…
(1)there are so many people in the room that i can』t get in.房間里人太多，我進不去。
(2)the man has so much money that he can buy a car.那人很有錢，他能買一輛小汽車。
句型(二)there be…，either…or…，neither…nor…，not only…but also…
例如：(1)there is a pen and two pencils in his pencil-box.他的鉛筆盒裡有一支鋼筆和兩支鉛筆。
(2)not only you but also i have been to the great wall.你和我都沒有去過長城。
(3)either you or i am leaving for shanghai.要麼你去上海，要麼我去上海。
(4)neither you nor he is right.你和他都不對。
(5)both jack and tim are english.
jack和tim是英國人。
注意點：當這幾個句型連接主語時，謂語動詞的人稱和數要考慮「就近原則」，對比both…and… 來記憶，both…and…連接主語時視為復數。
句型(三)enough+名詞+to do…——有足夠的……做某事
形容詞/副詞+enough+to do …——足夠……做某事
例如：(1)there is enough room to hold these people to have a meeting.有足夠的地方容下這些人開會。
(2)the boy is strong enough to carry the heavy box.這個男孩力氣夠大，能搬動這只箱子。
注意點：enough做副詞修飾形容詞或副詞時，放在所修飾詞的後面，句子可以用so…that…句型改寫。例句(2)可以改寫為：the boy is so strong that he can carry the heavy box.這個男孩力氣很大，能搬動這只箱子。
句型(四)too+形容詞/副詞+to do…——太……以致不能……
例如：(1)i was too excited to say a word.我激動得一個字也說不出來。
2. 《英語寫作》中 文章的outline包括topic和thesis嗎
TOPIC通常是第一段第一句話，而THESIS通常是第一段最後一句話
TOPIC是一句話，是寫出你
文章
大概要寫什麼。
而THESIS通常是用來總結你文章的方向和細節。
3. 英語寫作中的"三段式'是什麼意思
introction
discussion
conclusion
4. 用英語怎麼翻譯「內涵」和「外延」這倆詞
intension
extension
5. 英語這個概念的內涵和外延是什麼
內涵的定義：一個概念所反映的事物的本質屬性的總和，也就是概念的內容。版
英語權的內涵我個人認為是：一門由26個字母組成不同的拼寫方式，以及一定的語法規則構成句子規范。通過英國的殖民活動傳播到世界各地的，並主要由英聯邦國家使用的一門國際性交流語言。外延包含了所有用到了26個字母拼寫，以及一定的語法規則的地方，，，，
6. 在漢語或英語中搜索一個詞/術語,說明其外延和內涵的差異，要具體
現代漢語詞義的內涵，是指現代漢語語詞的意義，即詞的內容。外延包括詞彙意義和語法意義。
7. 申論寫作中的內涵與外延
您好，中政申論很高興為您解答。內涵在申論考試中一般指的反映事物本質屬性的總和。外延是相對於內涵而言的，邏輯上指反映在概念之中的、具有概念所反映的特有屬性的事物。例如「生物」這一概念的外延，就是自然界的獨特的事物。申論中常要求對給定詞語下定義，就包含了詞語的內涵和外延。但是，也不要擔心，把握詞語本質含義是關鍵，再是結合材料內容，體現出事物與其他事物的關系，以將其與外界區分開來。詳情建議通過針對性練習得以強化，更好解析。中政申論系統是目前最大的申論在線評測系統，當然也包含了您所問及的國考申論解析。建議您上中政申論http://www.zzshenlun.com/ 進行在線評測，專家會為您提供一對一的指導，幫助針對性發現問題、解決問題，獲得進步。還有申論、行測方面的疑惑，建議您上一品公務員網：http://bbs.gwy1.com/forum.php ，這里有海量資料，更有廣大考友的經驗、心得分享。希望我的回答對您有幫助。
8. 什麼是英語詞彙外延意義
某些學者認為 ：
詞語的意義通常可以分為兩種: 外延和內涵。
外延( denotation)是指內一種語言基本的容概念性的意義,
內涵( connotation)是指與外延意義相關的情感意義的總和(文化、感情、態度和信仰等方面) 。
例如, amaze和astound這兩個詞的外延意義相同, 表示「使驚訝」的意思,
但在內涵意義上有細微差別,前者指「難以相信」, 而後者指難以相信的程度更高。
9. 高考英語寫作中怎樣使用復雜結構
但如何幫助學生真正理解復雜結構，並從整篇作文的角度來定位好的句子呢？我們很難給復雜結構下個確切的定義，但可從以下幾個方面探討對「復雜結構」的理解。
1. 簡單句也可能成為好句子
（1）恰當的形容詞、副詞——表達意見，情感流露的載體。例如：
It turned into a quarrel. → It turned into a horrible/terrible/fierce quarrel.
雖然只是添加了一個形容詞，但quarrel 的程度、作者的態度和場景的再現更好地表現了出來。又如：
They began to quarrel. → They began to quarrel with each other blindly/furiously.
（2）同位語——精巧完善欲達之意。例如：
Li Jiang, who is Su Hua's classmate, is also to blame. → Li Jiang, Su Hua's classmate, is also to blame.
定語從句固然帶來了復雜結構，但簡潔明了是行文的基本要求，該惜墨處勿潑墨。又如：
The boy went back home and was full of fear. → The boy went back home, full of fear.
形容詞短語full of fear作狀語的表達既簡潔明了，又生動形象。
（3）評注性狀語——娓娓道來，突出了寫作的交際性。例如：
It was Su's fault but Li was also to blame. → To be honest/To be frank, it was Su's fault but Li was also to blame.
評注性狀語是插入語的一種，它與狀語很接近，但它並不修飾謂語或其他詞，而是對整個句子進行解釋或說明，表明說話人的看法或態度，給讀者以娓娓道來之感。又如：
To be short, it is everyone's responsibility to keep the world clean.
（4）非謂語結構——簡潔生動之美。例如：
Sandy struck the USA and caused great damage to the infrastructure. → Sandy struck the USA, causing great damage to the infrastructure.
非謂語結構是豐富句子的有效結構，書面性強，表達更為生動。又如：
After I finished my homework, I often relaxed myself by playing computer games. → Having finished my homework, I often relaxed myself by playing computer games.
（5）被動語態——地道之美。例如：
Some people say this kind of milk contains different levels of nutrients. → This kind of milk is said to contain different levels of nutrients. → It is said that this kind of milk contains different levels of nutrients.
受母語負遷移的影響，學生在表達動作發出者不明確時常用主動語態表達，有中式英語之嫌；而使用被動結構卻能給句子帶來地道英語之美。又如：
People believe that mutual understanding contributes to a permanent friendship. → It is generally believed that mutual understanding contributes to a permanent friendship.
2. 復雜自有其道
（1）復合句——長短之變，節奏之美。例如：
Su Hua and Li Jiang played basketball on the playground. They both jumped up to catch the flying ball. → Su Hua and Li Jiang were playing basketball on the playground when they both jumped up to catch the flying ball.
復合句使用了定語從句、狀語從句，明確了概念的外延，增大了概念的內涵，邏輯性強。再有，長短句結構交替使用後，語句內部抑揚頓挫的節奏感就出來了，從而使文章流暢自然，生動活潑。
（2）倒裝句——強化情感，讓句子結構趨於平衡。例如：
Su said many mean words to Li and shouted at the top of his voice as well. → Not only did Su say many mean words to Li but also shouted at the top of his voice.
倒裝句常帶來承上啟下、平衡結構、強化情感之效。又如：
A man, who is in all black, is standing with a gun in hand in front of her. → Standing in front of her is a man, who is in all black, with a gun in hand.
（3）強調句——為了突出句子中的某一部分常使用強調句，以便能引起他人的注意，更明確地表達自己的意願和情感。例如：
He didn't come back until the clock struck twelve. → It was not until the clock struck twelve that he came back.
（4）省略句——干練，無冗長之嫌。例如：
While they were catching the flying ball, they bumped into each other. → While catching the flying ball, they bumped into each other.
（5）虛擬語氣——極盡感激、遺憾或悔恨之情。例如：
No one put himself in the other's place. They found no fun in the game. → If one of them had put himself in the other's place, they could have found more fun in the game.
另外，虛擬語氣還可以表示說話人的一種願望、假設、懷疑、猜測、建議等含意。書面表達題中常用「假如你是……，你會如何……？」來考查考生的個人認識或解決問題的能力。
前文提到的那位高三學生是一名英語基礎很好的學生，向其呈現了以上探討後，心領神會，修改習作如下：
Conflicts with others are common in everyday life. These conflicts can turn out to be serious problems if we don't deal with them properly.
Last week, Su Hua and Li Jiang were playing basketball on the playground when they both jumped up to catch the flying ball. Unfortunately, they bumped into each other. Su began to say mean words and Li shouted back in response. A terrible quarrel occurred all of a sudden.
How to avoid these quarrels effectively? First, we should often stand in others' shoes when faced with conflicts. Second, stay as cool as a cucumber. Think twice and you may find that things are not so bad as you thought first. What's more, we should be good sports. Competitive sports involve unavoidable bumps or even injuries, which should be taken into consideration when you participate in a game.
三、「復雜結構」的再思量
在高三上學期基本語法學完之後，許多老師會讓學生在寫作中嘗試運用各種復合句或特殊結構。陳幸佩（2011）在《高三英語寫作復習課的有效性——以寧波市第六屆課例評析為例》一文中描述了一位授課教師在寫作技能環節總結的四句口訣：①肯定不如雙否好；②陳述不如倒裝巧；③單句不如復句妙；④從句不如短句傲。但該作者也鮮明地指出此舉容易造成學生刻意或生搬硬套地運用這些復雜句的可能。
那麼，到底應該如何理解復雜語法結構？
在「要點完整，語言無誤，行文連貫，表達清楚」的評分標准指導下，考生往往在書面表達中只用五種基本簡單句來表達，以防出錯，從而導致中學生寫作的層次不高，略顯乏味。「應用了較多的語法結構和詞彙；語法結構或詞彙方面有些許錯誤，但為盡力使用較復雜結構或較高級詞彙所致」的新評分標准有其深刻的背景，它雖能引領師生重視並提升寫作的品質，但卻沒有或不便明確說明內容決定形式、簡單與復雜並存等要素。由此，部分師生誤以為多用結構復雜的句子就會有層次，可以得到高分。事實上，簡單句本身同樣可以發揮其精妙的表情達意之功。有時一個簡單的介詞短語也能增添情感的魅力或激發讀者的共鳴。例如，一位學生習作（談雙休日的利與弊）中有這樣的句子：
With the two-day weekends, we can have more time to chat with our parents. → With the two-day weekends, we can have more time to chat with our parents around the table.
句中的around the table能讓讀者頭腦中浮現出生活的場景，喚起了家庭的溫馨之感。
可見，復雜結構並不僅是復雜的句子結構，它應是根據內容和行文需要，巧妙使用高中所學的詞彙和各種語法知識，長短句結合，恰當、連貫地傳遞信息和表達自己的思想，充分體現寫作的交際本質。
10. 英語寫作考試中outline概括的一般方法有什麼技巧
其實就是總-分的結構。先寫一句提示下文的概括性的話，繼而進行解釋或者介紹： 1．表示原因
1）There are three reasons for this．
2）The reasons for this are as follows．
3）The reason for this is obvious．
4）The reason for this is not far to seek．
5）The reason for this is that．．．
6）We have good reason to believe that．．．
例如：
There are three reasons for the changes that have taken place in our life．Firstly，people』s living standard has been greatly improved．Secondly，most people are well paid， and they can afford what they need or like．Last but not least，more and more people prefer to enjoy modern life．
註：如考生寫第一個句子沒有把握，可將其改寫成兩個句子。如：Great changes have taken place in our life． There are three reasons for this．這樣寫可以避免套用中的表達失誤。
2．表示好處
1）It has the following advantages．
2）It does us a lot of good．
3）It benefits us quite a lot．
4）It is beneficial to us．
5）It is of great benefit to us．
例如：
Books are like friends．They can help us know the world better，and they can open our minds and widen our horizons．Therefore，reading extensively is of great benefit to us．
3．表示壞處
1）It has more disadvantages than advantages．
2）It does us much harm．
3）It is harmfulto us．
例如：
However，everything dividesinto two．Television can also be harmful to us．It can do harm to our health and make us lazy if we spend too much time watching televi- sion．
4．表示重要、必要、困難、方便、可能
1）It is important（necessary，difficult，convenient， possible）for sb．to do sth．
2）We think it necessary to do sth．
3）It plays an important role in our life．
例如：
Computers are now being used everywhere，whether in the government，in schools or in business．Soon， computers will be found in every home，too．We have good reason to say that computers are playing an increasingly important role in our life and we have stepped into the Computer Age．
5．表示措施
1）We should take some effective measures．
2）We should try our best to overcome（conquer）the difficulties．
3）We should do our utmost in doing sth．
4）We should solve the problems that we are confronted（faced）with．
例如：
The housing problem that we are confronted with is becoming more and more serious．Therefore，we must take some effective measures to solve it．
6．表示變化
1）Some changes have taken place in the past five years．
2）A great change will certainly be proced in the world』s communications．
3）The computer has brought about many changes in ecation．
例如：
Some changes have taken place in people』s diet in the past five years．The major reasons for these changes are not far to seek．Nowadays，more and more people are switching from grain to meat for protein，and from fruit and vegetable to milk for vitamins．
7．表示事實、現狀
1）We cannot ignore the fact that．．．
2）No one can deny the fact that．．．
3）There is no denying the fact that．．．
4）This is a phenomenon that many people are interested in．
5）However，that』s not the case．
例如：
We cannot ignore the fact that instrialization brings with it the problems of pollution．To solve these problems， we can start by ecating the public about the hazards of pollution．The government on its part should also design stricter laws to promote a cleaner environment．
8．表示比較
1）Compared with A，B．．．
2）I prefer to read rather than watch TV．
3）There is a striking contrast between them．
例如：
Compared with cars，bicycles have several advantages besides being affordable．Firstly，they do not consume natural resources of petroleum．Secondly，they do not cause the pollution problem．Last but not least，they contribute to people』s health by giving them e physical exercise．
9．表示數量
1）It has increased（decreased）from．．．to．．．
2）The population in this city has now increased （decreased）to 800，000．
3）The output of July in this factory increased by 15％ compared with that of January．
例如：
With the improvement of the living standard，the proportion of people』s income spent on food has decreased while that spent on ecation has increased．
再如：
From the graph listed above，itcan be seen that student use of computers has increased from an average of less than two hours per week in 1990 to 20 hours in 2000．
註：「From the graph listed above，it can be seen that」見句式12。考生將句式9和句式12結合在一起，便可較好地寫出2002年6月CET －4、6短文寫作的第一段。
10．表示看法
1）People have（take，adopt，assume）different attitudes towards sth．
2）People have different opinions on this problem．
3）People take different views of（on）the question．
4）Some people believe that．．．Others argue that．．．
例如：
People have different attitudes towards failure．Some believe that failure leads to success．
Every failure they experience translates into a greater chance of success at their renewed endeavor．However， others are easily discouraged by failures and put themselves into the category of losers．
再如：
Do「lucky numbers?really bring good luck？Different people have different views on it．
註：一個段落有時很適宜以問句開始，考生應掌握這一寫作方法。
11．表示結論
1）In short，it can be said that ．．．
2）It may be briefly summed up as follows．
3）From what has been mentioned above，we can come to the conclusion that ．．．
例如：
From what has been mentioned above，we can come to the conclusion that examination is necessary，however， its method should be improved．
註：例句1可用於任何一個段落的結論句；例句3則多用文章結論段的第一句。
12．套語
1）It』s well known to us that ．．．
2）As is known to us，．．．
3）This is a topic that is being widely talked about．
4）From the graph（table，chart）listed above，it can be seen that ．．．
5）As aproverb says，「Where there is a will，there is a way．?
例如：
As is well known to us，it is important for the students to know the world outside campus．
The reason for this is obvious．Nowadays，the society is changing and developing rapidly，and the campus is no longer an「ivory tower?．As college students，we must get in touch with the world outside the campus．Only in this way can we adapt ourselves to the society quickly after we graate．
再如：
Does it pay to be honest？This is a topic that is being widely talked about and different people have different opinions on it．