A. 怎樣寫好英語段落（二）
段落發展的手段及結尾段的寫法 在上一講我們講了主題句，推展句的寫法；這一講我們要進一步來談一談段落發展的幾種手段以及結尾段的寫法。 段落發展的幾種手段 1． 列舉法(details) 作者運用列舉法，是通過列舉一系列的論據對topic sentence中擺出的論點進行廣泛、全面地陳述或解釋，列舉的順序可以按照所列各點內容的相對重要性、時間、空間等進行。 Yesterday was one of those awful days for me when everything I did went wrong. First, I didn't hear my alarm clock and arrived late for work. Then, I didn't read my diary properly and forgot to get to an important meeting with my boss. During the coffee break, I dropped my coffee cup and spoilt my new skirt. At lunch time, I left my purse on a bus and lost all the money that was in it. After lunch, my boss was angry because I hadn't gone to the meeting. Then I didn't notice a sign on a door that said "Wet Paint" and so I spoilt my jacket too. When I got home I couldn't get into my flat because I had left my key in my office. So I broke a window to get in and cut my hand. 根據本段主題句中的關鍵片語everything I did went wrong，作者列舉了8點內容，分別由first, then, ring the coffee break, after lunch time等連接詞語引出，使得該文條理清楚、脈絡分明、內容連貫。 常用於列舉法的過渡連接詞有：for one thing , for another, finally, besides, moreover, one another , still another, first, second, also等。 2. 舉例法(example) 作者通過舉出具體事例來闡述、說明主題句的內容，嚴格地講，舉例法也是列舉法的一種，它們的區別在於：列舉法側重羅列事實，所列事實力求全面；而舉例法側重通過舉出典型事例來解釋作者觀點，且事例可多可少。 我們來看下面這個用舉例法展開的段落。 There are many different forms of exercises to suit different tastes. For example, those who enjoy competitive sports may take up ball games. For another example, if they prefer to exercise alone, they can have a run or take a walk in the morning or in the evening. Besides, people can go swimming in the summer and go skating in the winter. In short, no matter what their interests are, people can always find more than one sports that are suitable to them. 本段採用了三個事例來說明主題句中的關鍵片語different forms of exercises，這三個例子分別由連接詞for example, for another example 和 besides引出，最後由引導的結尾句總結全段內容。 舉例法中常用的連接詞有：for example (instance), one example is, besides, furthermore, moreover, in addition等。 3. 敘述法(narration) 敘述法發展段落主要是按照事物本身的時間或空間的排列順序，通過對一些特有過渡連接詞的使用，有層次分步驟地表達主題句的一種寫作手段。用這種方法展開段落，作者能夠清楚連貫地交待事物的本末，從而可以使讀者可以清晰、完整地理解文章的含義，例如： In the flat opposite, a woman heard the noise outside. When she looked out through the window, she discovered that her neighbor was threatened by someone. She immediately called the police station. In answer to the call, a patrol police car arrived at the scene of the crime quickly. Three policemen went inside the flat at once, and others guarded outside the building to prevent anyone from escaping. 這段是按照事物發展的先後順序，敘述從發現案情、報警、到警察趕到、包圍現場的過程。全文脈絡清晰，敘述的層次感強，結構緊湊。 常用於敘述法中的過渡連接詞有：first, an the beginning, to start with, after that, later, then, afterwards, in the end, finally等。 4． 對比法或比較法(comparison & contrast) 將同類的事物按照某種特定的規則進行比較分析是一種常用的思維方法。通過對比，更容易闡述所述對象之間的異同和優缺點，例如： The heart of an electronic computer lies in its vacuum tubes, or transistors. Its electronic circuits work a thousand times faster than the nicer cells in the human brain. A problem that might take a human being a long time to solve can be solved by a computer in one minute. 在這段文字上， 作者為了突出電子計算機運行速度之快，首先將它與人腦進行了比較， "-- a thousand times faster than --" ;而後，又將這一概念具體到了 "a problem"上，通過對比使讀者從 "-- a long time -- in one minute"上有更加直觀的認識。 常用於對本法或比較法上的過渡連接詞有：than, compared with等。 5． 分類法(classification) 在闡述某一概念的段落中，常用分類法。通過對概念中所包括的事物進行分門別類，分別加以敘述，使讀者有更為清晰的認識，如： Ever since humans have lived on the earth, they have made use of various forms of communication. Generally, this expression of thoughts and feelings has been in the form of oral speech. When there is a language barrier, communication is accomplished through sign language in which motions stand for letters, words and ideas. Tourists and the people unable to hear or speak have had to resort to this form of expression. Many of these symbols of whole words are very vivid and exact and can be used internationally; spelling, however, cannot. Body language transmits ideas or thoughts by certain actions, either intentionally or unintentionally. A nod signifies approval, while shaking the head indicates a negative reaction. Other forms of nonlinguistic language can be found in signal flags, Morse code, and picture signs. 在該段中為了說明topic sentence中的 "various forms of communication"，作者將其分為oral speech, sign language, body language及other forms of nonlinguistic language，並逐加闡述。 採用這種方法的段落並沒有標志突出的連接詞，所述各項均為平行並列關系，所以沒有明顯的主次之分。 6．因果分析法(cause and effect) 在闡述某一現象的段落中，常採用因果分析法。例如： The role of women in today's society is changing. One reason is that women have begun to assert themselves as independent people through the women's movement. Also, women are aware of the alternatives to staying at home. Another reason is that increasing numbers of women who enter new fields and interests serve as role models for other women. Moreover, men are becoming more conscious of the abilities of women and have begun to view their independence positively. 本段中，主題句提出了一種社會現象，推展句則對產生這種現象的原因作出各種解釋。 常用於因果分析法的連接詞有：because, so, as a result等。 7． 定義法(definition) 在科普文章的寫作中，定義法是必不可少的。通過下定義，可以使讀者對該事物有一個更直接的認識。 Automation refers to the introction of electronic control and automation operation of proctive machinery. It reces the human factors, mental and physical, in proction, and is designed to make possible the manufacture of more goods with fewer workers. The development of automation in American instry has been called the "Second Instrial Revolution". 這一段文字使我們了解了 "automation" 和 "Second Instrial Revolution" 兩個概念，分別由 "refers to" 和 "been called" 引出。 常出現在定義法中的詞語有：refer to, mean, call等。 8. 重復法(repetition) 句子的一部分反復出現在段落中，這就是重復法。它往往造成一種步步緊逼的氣氛，使文章結構緊湊，有感染力。比如： Since that time, which is far enough away from now, I have often thought that few people know what secrecy there is in the young, under terror. I was in mortal terror of the young man who wanted my heart and liver; I was in mortal terror of my interlocutor with the iron leg; I was in mortal terror of myself, from whom an awful promise had been extracted; -- 該段中反復應用了I was in mortal terror of …我經常處於恐怖之中。 以上， 我們結合具體文章討論了展開段落的幾種方法。在實際寫作中，我們往往不必拘泥於一種寫作方法，而是將若干方法穿插在一起，使文章有聲有色。 結尾段 我們知道文章的開頭很重要，因為好的開頭可以吸引讀者、抓住讀者的注意力。同樣，文章的結尾也很重要，好的結尾會使讀者對全文的中心思想留下深刻的印象，可以增添文章的效果和說服力，讓人深思，回味無窮。確切地說，結尾的作用就是概括全文內容，進一步強調或肯定文章的中心思想，使讀者加深印象；有時也用於展望未來，提出今後方向或令人深思的問題給讀者留下回味和思考的餘地。 但是，如何才能寫好英文短文的結尾呢? 下面就介紹幾種寫結尾段最常用的方法： 1．重復中心思想: 回到文章開頭闡明的中心思想或主題句上，達到再次肯定和強調的效果。 (例1)A sense of humor is really one of the keys to happiness. It gives zest to life to make it worth living. (例2)With all these benefits, it is no wonder that sports and games have now become more popular with people than ever. 2．作出結論: 文章最後用幾句話概括全文內容，並進一步肯定文章的中心思想或作者的觀點。 (例1)In conclusion, a good teacher-student relationship can be mutual beneficial. The students gain knowledge eagerly and enjoyably, and the teacher gains satisfaction from his job. (例2)On the whole there are more advantages than disadvantages in the use of TV. Yet different people may have different attitude toward TV. But we must realize that television in itself is neither good nor bad. Its value to people and society depends on how we look at it. 3．應用引語: 用格言、諺語或習語總結全文，既言簡意賅又有更強的說服力。 (例1)If you have anything to do, try to do it yourself, for that is the safest way to
permanent success. Remember the famous saying. "God helps those who help themselves." (例2)If we stick to studies day after day, there is nothing that can't be achieved. As an old saying goes: "Constant dropping of water wears away a stone." 4．用反問結尾: 雖然形式是問句，但意義卻是肯定的，具有明顯的強調作用，引起讀者思考。 (例1)Therefore, listening skills must be consciously improved. Since it is such an important means of learning and communication, why should we not develop this ability as far as possible? (例2)So，what can we benefit from wealth if we do not have health? 5．提出展望或期望: 表示對將來的展望或期待讀者投入行動。 (例1)I am sure that Chinese will become one of the most important languages in the world in the next century. As China will open further to the outside world the language is sure to be spread world widely. (例2) If everyone has developed good manners, people will form a more harmonious relation. If everyone behaves considerately towards others and social ethics people will live in a better world. With the general mood of society improved, there will be a progress of civilization. 以上介紹了幾種寫結尾段最常用的方法，但到底選擇何種方法結尾還得根據文體來決定。平鋪直敘的記敘文，往往在故事或事實情節講完時文章也就自然結束了，而說理性和邏輯性較強的說明文和議論文都應有一個正式的結尾。希望以上介紹的幾種方法能對大家寫好結尾有所幫助。 首先，一個段落必須有一個中心即主題思想，該中心由主題句特別是其中的題旨來表達。整個段落必須緊扣這個主題(stick or hold to the topic)，這就是段落的統一性(unity)。其次，一個段落必須有若干推展句，使主題思想得到充分展開，從而給讀者一個完整的感覺，這就是完整性(completeness or adequateness)。再者，一個段落不是雜亂無章的，而是有機的組合，句子的排列順序必須合乎邏輯，從一個句子到另一個句子的過渡必須流暢(smooth)，這就是連貫性(coherence)。下面我們就對這三個標准分別加以說明。 1. 統一性 一個段落內的各個句子必須從屬於一個中心，任何游離於中心思想之外的句子都是不可取的。請看下例： Joe and I decided to take the long trip we'd always wanted across the country. We were like young kids buying our camper and stocking it with all the necessities of life. Bella bakes the best rhubarb pie. We started out in early spring from Minneapolis and headed west across the northern part of the country. We both enjoyed those people we met at the trailer park. Joe received a watch at his retirement dinner. To our surprise, we found that we liked the warm southern regions very much, and so we decided to stay here in New Mexico. 本段的主題句是段首句，controlling idea（中心思想）是take the long trip across the country。文中出現兩個irrelevant sentences，一個是Bella bakes the best rhubarb pie，這一段是講的是Joe and I，中間出現一個Bella是不合適的。還有，Joe received a watch at his retirement dinner這一句更是與主題句不相關。考生在四級統考的作文卷上常常因為造出irrelevant sentences（不相關語句）而丟分，值得引起注意。再看一個例子： My name is Roseanna, and I like to keep physically fit. I used to weigh two hundred pounds, but I joined the YMCA for an exercise class and diet program. In one year I lost eighty pounds. I feel much better and never want to have that much weight on my five-feet frame again. I bought two new suitcases last week. Every day I practice jogging three miles, swimming fifteen laps, lifting twenty-pound weights and playing tennis for one hour. My mother was a premature baby. 本段的controlling idea 是like to deep physically fit，但段中有兩個irrelevant sentences，一個是I bought two new suitcases last week，另一個是My mother was a premature baby。 從上面兩個例子可以看出，native speakers同樣會造出來irrelevant sentences。卷面上如果這種句子多了，造成偏題或離題，那問題就更嚴重了。權責聲明：本站所有音樂均網上搜集僅做寬頻測試，任何涉及商業盈利目的均不得使用，否則後果自負！如遇英文歌曲不能播放，系歌曲鏈接失效，請諒解！本站全部英文歌曲的所有權歸其唱片公司或歌手所有。請購買正版英文歌曲支持你的偶像！
B. 英語作文萬能段落
英語作文段落常用句型：
首段：
1.
with the rapid development of our society, our living condition is becoming more and more
better.
隨著我們社會的快速發展，我們的生活環境正變得越來越好。
2.
As a popular saying goes,
「
everything has two sides
」
.
正如一個很流行的諺語所講的那樣，每件
事情都有兩面性。
3.
As is shown in the picture/ graph, it can be easily concluded that
…
從圖片
/
圖表中我們可以很容
易看出
…
4.
as we all know,
眾所周知
。
（
it is well-known that
…
）
, it is widely acknowledged that
…
.
中間段：
1.
However, I think it is right to do
…
但是我認為做
…
才是對的。
2.
首先：
firstly,
…
；
first of all,
…
;
in the first place,…
to begin with,
…
,on one hand.
其次：
secondly,
…
; besides,...; in the second place,
…
,next,
…
, on the other hand.
最後：
finally,
…
; last but not the least
…
; at last,
…
結尾段
:
1.
總之：
in short,
…
in one word,...above al;
…
all in all,
…
as a result,
…
in conclusion,
…
to sum up,
to put it in a nutshell,
in general,
lastly.
2.
換句話說：
in other word,
…
.
3.
依我看來：
in
my
opinion,
…
in
my
point
of
view,
…
as
far
as
I
am
considered,
…
I
firmly
believed that
…
., I think
…
4.
only in this way can we become more and more better
.
僅僅以這種方式，我們可以過得越來越好。
5.
the advantages outweigh the disadvantages.
利遠大於弊。
C. 英語段落寫作的結構要點 要英文回答
The structure of an English essay is separated into three parts.The introction,the body paragraphs and the conclusion.
The introction is where you introce your ideas and give an overview of what you are going to write about.By reading this,the examiner should have a good idea of the content of your essay.
Then you go on to explain your ideas in detail.It is perferred to have one idea per paragrph.Each paragraph should consist of a main statement,an explination and an example to support your idea.
Finally,the essay should end in a conclusion.A conclusion is where all your ideas are summerised and reinforced.The conclusion should end with something that leaves the readers thinking.
D. 高考英語作文段落拓展的手段有哪些
提綱一定要包含所提供的情景要點,主要是關於記人； c.要避免兩個極端.其實想出兩條之後就可以動筆,有側重點地檢查,要象做完型填空一樣對待考場作文.一般說來記敘文有時間,防止遺忘）.要避免寫那些與中心內容無關緊要的細節,近幾年上海和全國英語高考卷中的寫作,並且練習和模考時把他們用熟. 第二步、句子連貫.使用假想例子 5.使用自己選種的套話；使用過去發生的事例時用的是過去時,而是要求考生在充分領會「提示」的前提下,不僅造成文章邏輯結構不清、用詞貼切的作文.使用數據 4.據統計.當被告知還有5分鍾結束時. c； b.這一點你不必懷疑、稱呼. 有n種選擇可供參考,寫作時要明白清楚地給予表達、比喻、論據：1、讓步等各種句型背熟練.擴展時要注意短文的字數、解決問題的邏輯順序來安排層次.要確保文章有結尾段（不排除將它和最後一條理由的末段結合在一起的可能性）.哪一種你最容易想出來,注意煉句. b.人們常用的論證方法有歸納法.使用類比,擴展成篇.別試圖在考場上再去臨時決定比如哪種開頭好： a,一定能做到,主題句可以使讀者和筆者本人更清晰該段落寫什麼；一般現在時第三人稱要使用單數、簽字.擴展的內容一定要緊扣主題,千萬不要寫那些與主題不相關的內容、敘事,最少3分鍾最多5分鍾,不要追求一次思考就能把每一條理由及相關例證都想出來.用時太多. 英語應用文主要以寫信為主、推理法：1. 其次,還會引起行文中頻繁的修正、議論文和應用文.根據這個中心,它考查考生綜合運用語言能力.論據可以是人們公認的真理、議論文還是應用文,有謂語.用時太少. 記敘文要求考生根據試卷中提供的情景.議論文一般按提出問題,在具體寫作過程中我們不妨按如下順序進行,別說你不想寫主題句、事件,要分段寫,也可以是經過實踐考證的經典著作.舉具體事例 2、例證.各段中支持性細節寫作不必遵循相同的模式. 議論文要求考生就某一方面的問題通過擺事實.考前將文章開頭. b：文章絕大部分使用的是一般現在時、論點正確無誤,理由沒有想清楚就開始寫、原因和結果六要素.記人時.英文書信由6個部分組成,同時要盡量使用自己熟悉的詞彙與句型.時態.一般說來議論文文由論點. 第三.各段寫作時注意對段落的不同部分給予不同的重視、論據可靠充分,只要你的思維還是正常的.要做到、結束語,欲速則不達：審題. 如何在30分鍾內快速寫作文技巧 * 如何在30分鍾內快速寫完文章、確定立場,要寫夠100個詞語：正文寫作最少22分鍾最多26分鍾.格式一定要正確,且簡單句只有一個謂語,組織語言材料,編寫成文、信內地址.說對方相對缺點 3,能夠擴展的材料有哪些、對比法英語寫作是高考試題中對學生相對較難的部分、列出理由（只需要在草稿紙上用英文單詞或漢語列出各個理由、人物. 試題要求考生根據所給的情景和要求寫一篇書面材料、正文,或者已經在做結尾,以避免由於字數不夠引起的扣分,持續練習5篇以上.但它並非按照「提示」逐句翻譯、講道理的方式來發表自己看法、寫信和通知或看圖作文等內容的記敘文、結尾.2,怎樣結尾好、引用等修辭手段來論述、地點,圍繞中心,要注意介紹人物的身世.句法：檢查需要1-3分鍾. 無論是記敘文： a、分析問題,各個理由的例證可以寫到該段時邊思考邊寫.它們是信頭,每一段有一個中心思想、經歷和事跡等.3： a.敘事時要描寫事情發生與發展的過程,列出寫作提綱,確定寫作中心,用自己的語言組織成一篇內容充實,就用哪一種.主謂一致 按此三步、論證三部分構成、語言正確、根據字數多少：熟悉考場寫作三個步驟的時間分配 第一步,可以確保時間問題,敘述事情發生的前因後果等. 首先. 第三步：確保每句話是完整的、論證合理嚴密.信的正文和寫文章一樣.主題句給予最大重視,一般你應該已經寫到最後一條理由
E. 高考英語作文怎麼合理擴展寫作要點
1. 把字給我寫好!!!
就是所謂的「第一印象」，至關重要，這決定了你的作文檔。閱卷老師閱卷時首先給你的作文定檔，如滿分25分，一檔20-25，二檔15-20，以此類推。想拿高分必須保證自己的作文在一檔。
試想你的字老師都看不懂，給你三檔就不錯了。這個樓上有圖有真相，我就不贅述了，字寫得不好看也沒關系，一筆一畫寫清楚。切記別寫花體，反正我是看不懂的，老師願不願意看我就不知道了。
2. 結構清晰
簡而言之就是段落清楚，我的建議是三段式，第一段寫現象，第二段寫方法，第三段寫總結。大概就是這樣一個模式，隨便翻一個高考例文就差不多這樣。
全文必須有清晰的連詞和介詞，比如however，moreover，more importantly;to begin
with，further-more 。總結用to conclude，generally speaking等等。
3. 拿高分最重要的就是要有亮點詞句
這個問題我之前回答過，高考英語作文該怎樣做好積累呢? 也是我的經驗之談，全靠這個拿高分。
有人私信我要我再補充幾個亮點句式和片語，在這里滿足一下。
it is vital for us to do ……
……is nothing but wasting time
prevail among
broaden sb『s horizon
……is groundless
It』s obvious that ……is playing an increasingly essential role in ……
there are two/three reasons behind this phenomenon
就說這么多，只要自己用心積累，考試的時候必然不愁詞用。不過請務必弄清這些句式或片語的准確用法。
4. 幾個重要的注意事項
請不要使用同一個詞超過3遍!學會變詞，比如要重復表示"下降"，請不要寫三四個「drop」，學會用decrease，descend，go
down，fall，decline。
絕對不能出現拼寫錯誤，時態錯誤，單復數錯誤。想從一檔變成二檔，請出錯。請不要忘記三單動詞加s。請保持文章所用時態合理的一致。
不斷的變換句式。被動句，強調句等變換著使用，嘗試用虛擬語氣等多種時態。前提是合理，不要把自己搞糊塗了。
F. 求該英語段落的寫作技巧和特色，最後能逐句賞析，英語大神們，求教啊，在線等，著急。。。
寫作的最高境界就是看不出技巧。這段英文不知來源是什麼，通篇讀來是平鋪直版敘的風格，一句接權著一句，句式都很簡單，陳述句。沒有特別的語法結構。就第一句稍長，做了了比方，as a colonol might look at a private whose bootlaces were underdone. as 就像是，， might， 表示非常不確定的假設和推測的情形。除此之外沒有特別可以分析的。如果你能讀懂的話。
"他看著我的表情又驚訝又不滿，就像是一個上校看著一個靴子鞋帶沒系好的士兵。「嗯，你最好進來」他說。房間狹窄陰暗，沒有陽光；空氣中彌漫著腐爛的捲心菜的難聞的味道；牆壁上滿是墨水印跡；一室靜寂。他的書房，從地攤上散落的麵包屑來看，也是他的餐廳。「你最好坐下，」他說，然後他問了我一系列問題：我在學校里都上了什麼課程，多大了，喜歡什麼運動；接著，他用充滿血絲的眼睛盯著我，問我覺得體育運動是否在男孩的教育中占據很重要的位置。我含含糊糊地回答說我不認為應該過度重視。他哼了一聲。看來我說錯話了。很明顯我和校長之間沒有多少共同點..."
G. 托福寫作中的段落拓展題怎樣做好
托福寫作中的段落抄拓展題怎樣做好：
時間是考試中很關鍵的因素，但很可惜很多人備戰托福時間不充裕。特別是寫作上，短時間很難讓他們領會到掌握高分的方法。很多人寫作的內容過於單調，達不到字數的要求。即使勉強湊夠字數，語言也很普通單一，不能取得高分。
這是一部分問題，如果備考時間不足，考生要抓住自己的重點和弱點，集中解決。如果是段落拓展沒有豐富的內容，文章字數不夠。歷年來很多優秀範文就是備考寫作最珍貴的資料，我們可以先以此為例子，多背誦多參照。寫作是有模式的，看看好的文章怎麼寫的，再加入自己的內容，排好段落，一篇優秀的文章也就出爐了。
考試的題目雖然都有人猜想，但話題太多，不要抱著自己一定能猜到的心態，因此還是要多去寫不同的題目。但要想拿高分，不僅要符合基本標准，就像中文寫作文采很重要，托福寫作中不同的也會加分。因此平時儲備多種，考試用到文章中絕對一個好招數。最後，既然是考試，還是建議大家提早備戰，不要因為時間不夠匆忙考試，這樣心理上壓力不小，也不會有好的結果。
H. 如何擴展英語段落寫作的方法
很多時候寫英語作文字數不夠，而這又是一個分數衡量標准，所以要想提高字數，就版要擴充段落權。使段落內容變得飽滿起來。
大家可以增加論據，這樣能使文章更加充實，也可以增加描述性的話語。
但是切記緊扣主題，不要寫成流水賬，要是跑題了還不如不擴充了，只要圍繞著主題擴展是沒有問題的。
I. 如何寫好英語作文的主題句和拓展句
主題句(Topic
sentence)主題句是表達抄段落主題的句子。它用以概括段落大意,要求段落中的其他各句都與它緊密相連並圍繞它來展開。因此,要想寫好段落,首先要寫好主題句。1、主題句位置主題句在段落中可以在段首,也可以在段中或者段尾。主題句所處的位置不一樣,所起的作用也不同。主題句通常放在段落的開端,開門見山地點出主題,使作者自始至終地緊扣主題,也使讀者一開始能抓住整個段落的主題思想。主題句也可以放在段中起到承上啟下的作用,或者放在段尾起到概括全段的作用。作文是主觀題,而且閱卷教師的時間很短。因而在高考作文中,建議考生應盡量採用將主題句子放在段落的開頭。(1)段首法段首法指的是將主題句子放在段首,即段落的第一句。有時段落的第一句要充當引句或者背景介紹,這時主題句由第二、第三句充當。段首法的優點是開門見山、直接點題。寫作者利用此方法較容易控制全段的寫作,達到開宗明義的效果。
J. 雅思寫作之作文段落擴展的幾種常見方式
「麻雀雖小,五臟俱全」。一個段落就像一篇文章一樣,也有主題句，擴展句和結尾句。主題句是段落的核心,但要記住,一個段落只有一個中心,這個中心要清晰地表達出來?擴展句圍繞主題句進行敘述，說明或論述，方法各異。結尾句對本段的內容進行總結，和主題句相呼應,引發讀者對段落的進一步認識。結尾句可有可無，視內容而定。 段落的擴展有多種方式，常見的有列舉?舉例?遞進?因果?比較和對照，寫作時往往是幾種方法結合使用。現分別舉例說明:1.列舉常見的關聯詞有: first, second, finally; for one thing, for another thing; on one hand, on the other hand等,如: Effective measures can be taken to protect our natural resources. On one hand, we should carry out campaigns to make people aware of the urgency of environmental protection; on the other hand, strict laws should be made to put the commercial fishing under control. 2.舉例常見的關聯詞有: for example, for instance; one example is… , another example is…; such as 等,如: Love means more to those who need help. For example, in 1998, southern China witnessed an unprecedented flood. Many people became homeless, and they were in bad need of clothing and food for the coming winter. At this moment, people all over China offered their warm hands. With their love, they help the victims of the flood live through the winter. 3.遞進常見的關聯詞有:furthermore, moreover, besides, in addition, what's more等,如: Today more and more advertisements are seen on the TV screen. There are two reasons for this phenomenon. To begin with, they can meet the needs of manufactures. With the development of market economy, manufactures have to be more and more competitive, and advertising is one of the best ways to strengthen their competitive capacity. What's more, advertisements are also necessary to consumers. Advertisements can help the consumers keep informed about different procts and offer them different alternatives when they just stay at home. 4.因果常見的關聯詞有:because, since, for, owing to, e to, as a result, because of, so, there fore, thus, consequently, accordingly等,如: At present, fake procts are very common in our markets. The most obvious reason is that some dishonest manufactures want to make easy money, and selling fake procts is their first choice. In addition, the government hasn't passed strict laws to punish these dishonest manufacturers. As a result, fake procts are very popular in the market. 5.比較和對比