㈠ 談談目前新課程背景下高中英語寫作教學存在什麼問題
中學生英語寫作中常見的問題(一)基礎的語法詞彙知識掌握不熟練要想充分地表達自己的思想,掌握內足夠的詞彙容量是前提,准確理解詞義是基礎,寫出語法正確、結構合理句子是目的。由於高中起始階段,老師在教學中,常常忽視初高中教學內容的銜接,而新課標教材跨度大,起點高,加上許多學生初中英語底子薄,學習方法不當,對學習英語產生畏懼心理,難以跟上老師的教學。因此,他們在寫作時就感覺力不從心,無法用英語正確地表達自己的思想。(二)不會使用關聯詞許多學生雖然具備一定的語法詞彙知識,會使用五種簡單句式,但他們的文章表達不足之處包括層次不清、句式缺乏變換、前後銜接手段單調等。說具體一點,對於並列連詞,如:or
but and so等,以及從屬連詞。
㈡ 高中英語作文技巧
多背範文，復積累好的短語詞制匯。其實作文真的沒有什麼技巧可言，只要你讀的多，積累的多了。自然能順手拈來。平常可以多讀一些英文報紙、雜志之類的。還有是要保證准確，如果一些復雜的句型用不好就不要用。這是我個人的一些經驗，希望能幫到你。
㈢ 高中英語作文寫作技巧
剛參加過高考~~絕對有用（總結了很久）
①給觀點分組討論類 開頭模版 Recently,we had a heated discussion on ****(根據題目要求套用了)
論述觀點 when it comes to this hot topic ,students'views vary from people to people ,some people think that **** ,nevertheless ,just as the saying goes"every coin has two sides " ,so others have the opposite opinion ,they consider that ***
結尾as far as i concerned,Ithink that ****
②一些精彩亮點連接詞 in addition ,what"s more ,furthermore
moreover（另外）
last but not least important ,most important （最重要的是）
worst of all （最糟糕的是）,
to make matters wores（更糟的是）
as far as i concerned, personally（我個人看來）
however ,nevertheless（然而）
希望對你學習有用！
參考資料：自己咯~
㈣ 高中英語寫作技巧：人物介紹作文怎麼寫
技巧點撥：
1. 仔細審題，確定主題。
2.合理安排短文的結構層次，組織好所提示內容表達的先後順序。
3.句子時態要在上下文中有相關性、連續性，要與表達內容一致。
4.審題後要先列出簡明扼要的提綱，其次寫出草稿，經過修改之後，再正式成文。
常見可運用句型：
sb. is considered to be one of the greatest ...
Well known as ..., he ...
Born in a poor family, he had to ...
When he was a small boy, he showed a great interest in ...
Thanks to the help of ..., he was able to continue his ecation.
Between ... and ..., he studied at ...
From ... to ..., he first worked as ..., and then he became ...
He was praised/honored for ...
She devoted herself to scientific research and made great contributions to ...
She was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for her scientific achievements.
His achievements are worthy of praise.
㈤ 淺談如何提高高中英語寫作教學的趣味性
創設趣味教學情境,營造輕松教學氛圍在新課改的教學背景下,傳統高中英語寫作教學的方回式已經不能答滿足學生的學習需求了,現階段,隨著信息技術的快速發展以及素質教育要求的不斷提升,我國高中英語寫作教學已開始向趣味性教學發展,逐漸擺脫了「一刀切」、「滿堂灌」這些教學模式的影響。為了更好的提高實際教學的趣味性,教師就可以在寫作教學的過程中積極創設極具趣味的教學情境,讓學生在輕松和諧的教學氛圍中產生對寫作學習的興趣,進而實現高效學習、快樂學習
㈥ 看圖，幫忙寫一篇高中英語作文作為參考，並詳細敘英語寫作技巧。萬分感謝！
由於美國人生活繁忙、緊張，講求快速，時間就是金錢，所以近年來許多美國大學也在推行日常生活的講和寫，不用難字，不寫長句，不含偏見的「三不」。也就是說，盡量使用簡短易懂的白話英語 (Plain English)，寫得愈白愈好，用字愈少愈妙，使別人可以一目瞭然，充分了解。這不但可節省「思索」時間，也可避免對方的誤解。還有，老外為了族群和諧相處，也不使用帶有偏見的字眼。以下即為一些例子，以供讀者參考。
1. 尤其在商業上，報章雜志或公文書信上，盡量不用難字 (big word) 或過時的字眼 (old-fashioned word); 例如：
Many people feel that moral ecation is the infrastructure of higher learning. (許多人認為道德教育是高等知識的基礎) (如果用 foundation 或 basis 代替 infrastructure 就更明白)
Three hundred acres of land is the parameter of our university，s expansion (growth). (三百英畝的土地是本大學發展的限度) (如果用limit代替parameter，會更簡單易懂。)
This news has been disseminated all over the U.S. (這消息已散布到全美各地) (如果用spread取代disseminated，不更簡單？) (動詞時態是：spread, spread, spread)
The president of this college is not diminutive in size. (這大學的校長個子不小) (假如用small代替diminutive，不更明白嗎？)
I have to elucidate this document to my staff. (我要向我的員工解釋這份文件) (如用explain代替elucidate，也許更明白。)
Mr. A will endeavor to be a physician. (A 先生想嘗試當個醫生) (如果用try代替endeavor，會更淺白。) (endeavour = endeavor)
We hope to visualize world peace in the future. (我們希望將來看到世界和平)（如果用see代替visualize，也許更簡單！）
The charitable organization solicits for our annual donation. (慈善機構要求頤且荒暌歡壤志?（假如用 ask 代替 solicit，更淺白易懂。）(solicitation是名詞)
We don't know what may transpire when we have a new boss. (當新老闆來後，我們不知會有什麼發生。) (如果用happen代替transpire，也許更明白。)
Please act as soon as possible on the aforementioned matter. (前面提過的事，請盡速辦理。）(如果用 previous 代替古字 aforementioned 不是更明白？）
這就像美國大文豪馬克吐溫 Mark Twain 也曾說過：「我不願在字典里找長字或難字，我絕不用『metropolis』這個字，因為我同樣可以用『city』這個字來代替」。羅斯福總統為了強調美國政府不會遺忘那些窮人，在一篇講詞里用了這么一句：「We are endeavoring to construct a more inclusive society.」後來被人批評咬文嚼字，賣弄文筆。如果用淺白易懂的字眼寫成：「We are going to make this country in which no one is left out.」或「We are trying to make everyone equal.」也許更簡單明白！
2. 老外也主張不寫嚕蘇或絢麗的字眼（flowery or wordy），句子應該越短越好，一句能用兩個字，絕不多加一個。 例如：
At this point in time, we should pull together for our goal. (現在我們應該為我們的目標團結一致）(如果說：Now, we should pull……更簡單。因為 at this point in time = now)
Despite the fact that my English is not very good, I am not discouraged. （雖然我的英語不好，但我不灰心。) (如果說：Although my English is not…… 就更簡短。因為despite the fact tha t= although = Though）
I am of the opinion that Mr. Lee should resign from this position. (我想李先生應該辭職) (假如說：I think Mr. Lee should……不是更簡單嗎？因為I am of the opinion = I think)
He quitted the job e to the fact that he was sick. (他由於生病而辭職) (若說：He quitted the job because he was sick. 更簡單。因為 e to the fact that = because）
In the majority of cases,he likes to ride bike to the office.（他通常喜歡騎單車到辦公室) (如果說：Usually, he likes to ride…… 更簡單。因為 in the majority of cases = usually）
She shows a preference for tea rather than coffee. (她喜歡茶而不是咖啡) (若說：She prefers tea rather……更簡短清楚，因為 show a preference for = prefer)
I will bring the matter to the attention of Mr. Wang. (我要通知王先生)
如果只說：I will tell Mr. Wang (about the matter). 不是更簡單嗎？因為 bring the matter to the attention of = tell = inform) (句子最後面：「about the matter」可以省去); 同理，也要避免意義的重復或用字的多餘 (rendant);
例如：
The consensus（of opinion）is that we have to act right away.（大家認為我們必須立即行動）(of opinion 可以省去，因為 consensus 的意思，就是大家的意見。）
The letter shows that the problem（continues to）remain unsolved.（他的信顯示問題尚未解決）(continue to 是多餘的字，因為 remain 已經有 continue 的含意。所以句子就成為：The letter shows that the problem remains unsolved.）
He has made his (final) conclusion in his speech.（他在演說里做出結論） (final 是多餘的字，因為 conclusion 已經含有 final 的意思。）
He has had many years of (actual) experience in business。（他有多年經商的經驗) (actual 也是多餘的字，因為 experience 已有 actual 的意味）
We assembled (together) all the parts for our radio.（我們裝好收音機的零件）(因為 assemble 本身就有 together 的意思，所以 together 是多餘的）
Enclosed (herewith ) please find the report of the meeting.（herewith 是多餘的字，因為 enclosed 就有 herewith 的意思）(即：附上會議報告，請查收)
寫到這里，想起一位深受美國人民愛戴，一向主張不寫長句、不嚕蘇的美國已故參議員 Stephen Young，他每次受邀參加會議、演講、宴會時，他的回信只有三個字「我會到」（I'll be there）……。也有人打趣的說：「講演或寫作的句子，就像穿迷你裙，愈短愈好。」（Like wearing mini-skirt, sentences in speech or writing should be the shorter, the better.）
此外還有：in reference to = about;draw to close = end; at an early date = soon等。
3. 老外為了族群和諧相處，除不用歧視或偏見的字眼外，連男女性別，也要避免區別，以示「平等」。 例如：
Mankind are considered the smartest animals in the world。（人類是世上最聰明的動物）= Man is the smartest animal……。 (如果改為：Human beings are considered the smartest animals…… 就能包括男女。所以 mankind = man = human beings） (注意：mankind 後面動詞要用多數，而 man 的後面動詞，則用單數）
Manpower seems not strong enough in developing our economy here. (發展這里的經濟，似乎缺乏人力資源。）(如果說：Labor power seems not strong enough… 也就沒有「男性主義」的感覺。可見 manpower = labor power = work force = human resources）
This small company hired a cleaning woman yesterday.（這個小公司昨天請來一名清潔女工）(如果說：This small company hired an office cleaner…也就沒有男女之分了）
He (she) has been a committee chairman (chairwoman) since 1998. (自從1998年他就是委員會主席) (假如把chairman或chairwoman改為chairperson或chair，就沒有男女之分。) (如指討論會的主持人，也可稱為 moderator 或 coordinator。)
Many businessmen (businesswomen) feel their jobs are very stressful.（許多商人覺得工作壓力很大）(如果把 businessmen (businesswomen) 改為 business people 或 business executives 或 business managers 就可包括男女了）(凡是單數 man 或 woman，其多數都是 men 或 women。)
Policemen (policewomen) should treat citizens with courtesy.（警察對人民應該有禮貌）(假如把 policemen 或 policewomen 改為 police officers 就可避免男女性別）
Congressmen (congresswomen) should speak up for their constitutes. （國會議員應該為其選民說話）(constitute = voter) （我們也可以把 congressmen 或 congresswomen 改為 members of congress 或 congressional representatives） Stewardesses for international regions may get jet lag sometimes.（國際航線的空中小姐有時會有時差疲憊的現象）（如把 stewardess 改為 flight attendant，就能包括男女空中服務員。）同理，我們可以把 salesman 或 saleswoman 改為 salesperson；把 mailman 改為 mail carrier 或 postal worker；把 foreman 改為 supervisor 等等。
當然，一些帶有種族偏見的字眼，甚至有侮辱的味道（insulting words 或 slur），也要盡量避免使用，以免鬧出麻煩。例如：
對黑人不要用 Negro，更不能用 Nigger（用 Black 還可以），禮貌的說法是 Afro-American 或 African-American；
對白人不要用 Honky（這是黑人罵白人的用字），正確用法是 Caucasian，或 white people； 對猶太人不要用 Hymies，應該叫 Jewish 或 Jewish people；
對越南人不要用 Gook，要用 Vietnamese； 至於墨西哥人、西班牙人及中、南美洲人，包括 Puerto Rico，正確的用法多是 Hispanics 或 Latins，不過據說西班牙人為了維護自己的文化，倒喜歡別人稱為 Spaniard。
還有黑白結婚的孩子，也不可稱為 Oreo（Oreo 餅乾外面是巧克力，裡面是白奶油）。
有偏見的老外，不叫華人為 Chinese，而叫 Chink 或 Chinaman（從前還叫「Yellow Peril」，即黃禍）。遇到這種事，怎麼辦呢？我建議：「君子不與小人斗」，最好是「不理」（ignore）或「走開」（walk away）。不過老外與你談話時，如果使用這些不禮貌的字眼，那麼你就可以說：「For your information,the word you just used is derogatory（或 inappropriate）to describe someone of my race.」（只想讓你知道：你剛剛所用的字，來描寫我的族群，是很不合適的）。這時，你也可說一句「拜拜」了。
㈦ 高中英語寫作技巧
一是通過詞彙教學訓練寫作能力。要寫好文章不是一朝一夕就能達到的，必須從最基礎的詞彙入手。擴大詞彙量，讓你詞不離句，強化寫作訓練。
二是通過一句多譯練習訓練寫作能力。多做一些一句多譯練習，這樣有助於啟發寫作思路。寫作時選擇自己有把握的句子靈活地表達同一內容，減少失誤，提高得分率。
三是結合課文進行各種體裁的寫作訓練。要學好英語寫作就必須從課文練起，從一些常見的文體練起，由短到長，由淺入深，循序漸進地進行。
四是通過背誦訓練寫作。培養英語寫作能力，以文章為中心訓練寫作能力非常重要，因為文章中的句子就是規范的英語範文。把詞語放在句型、段落、篇章中去理解、記憶和體味，以至於能夠仿寫、改寫。
五是通過仿寫和改寫訓練寫作能力。仿寫也是提高英語寫作能力行之有效的方法，模仿寫作中，格式、構思、表達方式等方面都可模仿。但要注意靈活變通，語句要通順，符合英語表達習慣。
另外，改寫也是一種很好的方法，改寫就是對文章材料的文體、式樣、句式等進行改編的一種訓練方式。無論是改人稱、改時態，還是改對話材料為敘述文字，這都有助於復習鞏固所學知識，又能培養你所學知識的遷移運用能力，還能起到提高寫作能力。
我之前學的那個網路寫作班，你也可以去申請一個免費的寫作資料啊~報名還贈送語法講座視頻和電子英語雜志，挺好的啊~希望可以幫到你~
㈧ 淺談如何提高高中學生的英語基礎寫作水平
新課程《標准》倡導的是任務型的教學模式，讓學生在教師的指導下，通過感知、體驗、實踐、參與和合作等方式，實現任務目標，感受成功；在學習過程中進行情感和策略調整，以形成積極的學習態度，促進語言實際運用能力的提高。以下是我的幾點心得：1、積累詞彙我們都知道沒有詞彙，我們無法表達我們的思想，無法與別人正確交流。豐富的詞彙有助於使文章更加生動、活潑，更加能夠吸引讀者。因此，我們要注意詞彙的學習和積累。我們要設立一個詞彙積累本，在平時的模塊學習和復習中，在閱讀訓練和完型填空練習中，專門收集片語，短語，句型和特別的句子；並且要牢固掌握他們的用法，平時經常拿出來高聲朗讀，以防因時間長了而忘記以往所學。這樣，我們需要用時才能夠隨時從記憶中抽調出來，也不會有書到用時方恨少的感嘆了。在積累詞彙時,我們可以針對不同的寫作題材和詞的用途，把片語分門別類地收集。例如，表示教育類的片語：graate from, department ofuniversity; at college, major in, receive a doctor’s degree, get higher ecation, go abroad for further studies.表示因果總結歸納的片語：as a result/consequence, consequently, generally speaking, last but not the least, in short, all in all, in conclusion, in brief;常見的固定句型：As we all know that, I hold the point that ,There is every reason to believe that ,The main reason is that,Another thing we can’t forget is that, I can’t agree more,Everything has two sides./Every coin has two sides.
這樣,有利於我們學習和記憶，為基礎寫作積累豐富的詞彙，為培養英語遣詞、造句和謀篇的能力奠定基礎。2、掌握句子結構
英語書面表達能夠最真實地 反映出一個學生的語言能力和水平。如果要寫好一篇五個句子的短文，需要經過較長一段時間的培訓；學生要通過大量的語言輸入和寫作訓練才能掌握的技能。學生的寫作訓練應該從句子的寫作入手，然後才到語篇。英語有自己的基本句型和固定搭配短語以及自己的句子結構。幾乎所有的英語句子都是這五種句型的擴大延伸和變化。因此，要牢記這五種基本句型並不斷地練習運用。掌握了句子的基本結構，也可以減少象There are many students very like the book .這種中國式英語的出現。當然， 我們首先要知道這五種句子：1）S+V2）S+V+O3）S+V+O+O4）S+V+P5）S+V+O+C為了熟練掌握句子結構，我們可以採用以下的方法進行訓練1）經常分析劃分句子成分 2）擴充和合並句子 3）翻譯句子。在此，我們要注意引導學生使用長短句和語言表達的多樣性，靈活運用各種句式結構。如倒裝句、強調句、主從復合句、分詞作狀語等，這樣能夠增加文章的亮點，節奏和韻律美。3、背誦範文和行文模式
經典的語言模式則存在於範文中，背誦範文不僅可以加強語句記憶，積累語言材料，，而且可以定型語式句式，語套模式和行文模式。語言的具體句子和語篇是無限的，而其結構模式則是有限的。掌握一種行文模式就意味著具有生成無數語篇的能力。語言模式和行文模式就如同數學公式一樣，非常重要。掌握了行文模式，學生寫作時，句子與句子之間的銜接具有邏輯性，行文連貫，而且可以加快學生答題的速度，避免了因時間不足而無法完成寫作任務。例如在訓練學生寫求職信時，我們可以給出求職信行文模式：
• 身份
• 個人特長
• 盼望回信,獲得機會I am姓名
, male/female, at the age of , who
個人身份具體信息
. I am writing to apply to work assthand I believe I can do a good job for I am not only good at特長
, but also特長
. Besides,
特長
, which is useful for申請職位.
Please consider my request, and I’m looking forward to your early reply.4、勤於動筆，熟能生巧
光談寫作而不去動筆，是寫不出好作文的。在<<高中英語課程標准中的七級語言技能目標規定了高中畢業生在書面表達方面應該具備的能力:
1) 能根據文字及圖表提供的信息進行簡單的描述;
2) 能寫出常見體裁的應用文,例如信函和一般通知;
3) 能描述人物或事件,並進行簡單的評論;
4) 能填寫有關個人情況的表格,例如申請表等;
5) 能以小組形式根據課文改編短句。
基礎寫作屬於內容控制性的寫作。對照課准，教師應該對學生進行各種體裁的寫作訓練， 設計出不同的文體練習，總結各種文體的特點和規律，不同的題材，我們要給出行文模式，然後反復寫，使之熟練。 在訓練寫作時，我們應該定量限時，形成一種快速完成任務的習慣，改掉學生寫作時那種拖泥帶水的壞習慣。俗語說得好熟能生巧，因此，我們要堅持勤寫多練，每星期固定一定的時間進行寫作訓練，使學生經常處於英語思維狀態，形成英語思維習慣，使學生寫出的文章得體流暢。
㈨ 求高中英語寫作技巧和一些有用短語,句式
Chapter One 文章開頭句型
1-1 對立法 : 先引出其他人的不同看法,然後提出自己的看法或者偏向於某一看法,
適用於有爭議性的主題.
例如(e.g)
[1]. When asked about....., the vast/overwhelming majority of people say that ....... But I think/view a bit differently.
當被問及····，大多數人認為|說·····但是我有點不這麽認為。
[2]. When it comes to .... , some people bielive that ....... Others argue/claim that the opposite/reverse is true . There is probably some truth in both arguements/statements , but (I tend to the profer/latter ...)
當它涉及·····一些人相信·····其他人主張相反的觀點。在這些觀點里，有可能有一部分是真的，但是我傾向於前者或後者····
[3]. Now, it is commonly/generally/widely believed/held/acknowledged that .... They claim/ believe/argue that ... But I wonder/doubt whether.....
現在，大家普遍認為·····他們主張·····但是我懷疑····是否······
1-2 現象法 引出要剖析的現象或者問題, 然後評論 .
e.g
[1]. Recently the rise in problem of/(phenomenon of) ... has cause/aroused public/popular/wide/ worldwide concern.
最近，·····問題（現象）的逐漸嚴重已經引起廣泛的關注。
[2]. Recently the issue of the problem of/the phenomenon of ...has been brought into focus. ( has been brouth to public attention)
大意同上
[3].Inflation/Corruption/Social inequality ... is yet another of the new and bitter truth we have to learn to face now/constantly.
通貨膨脹|腐敗|社會不平等·····是另外一個新的令人感到苦澀的我們不得不學會去面對的一個事實。
1-3 觀點法 ----開門見山,直接了當地提出自己對要討論的問題的看法.
e.g:
[1]. Never history has the change of .. been as evident as ... Nowhere in the world/China has the issue/idea of .. benn more visible/popular than...
[2]. Now people in growing/significant numbers are beginnig/coming to realize/accept/(be aware) that...
現在，越來越多人開始認為（意識到）·····
[3]. Now there is a growing awareness/recognation to the necessity to......Now people become increasingly aware/conscious of the importance of ......
大意同上
[4]. Perhaps it is time to have a fresh look at the attitude/idea that.......
也許，是時侯對······觀點擁有新的認識。
1-4 引用法 ----- 先引出名人名言或者有代表性的看法, 來引出文章要展開論述的觀點!
e.g:
[1]. "Knowledge is power." such is the remark made by Bacon.This remark has been shared by more and more people .
「知識就是力量」這句是培根的名言。這句名言已經被廣泛的接受。
"Ecation is not complete with gralation." Such is the opinion of a great American philosopher. Now more and more people share his opnion.
「教育不是完成於畢業」這句是美國一位著名的哲學家所說的。越來越多的人接受這句話。
[2]."........." How often we hear such statements/words like thoses /this .
「······」我們經常聽到這樣的話。
In our own days we are used to hearing such traditional complains as this "......".
在我們的日常生活中，我們習慣於聽到如此傳統得解釋「·······」。
[3]As the saying goes that"````````"
正如某句名言說的「······」
1-5 比較法 ------ 通過對過去,現在 兩種不同的傾向,觀點的比較 , 引出文章要討論的觀點.
e.g:
[1]. For years, ...had been viewed as ... But people are taking a fresh look now. With the growing ... , people ....... .
[2]. People used to think that ... (In the past, ....) But people now share this new.
人們過去常常認為·····但是現在人們持這個觀點。
1-6 故事法 ---- 先講一個較短的故事來引發讀者的興趣, 引出文章的主題.
e.g:
[1]. Once in (a newspaper) , I read of/learnt .... The phenemenon of ... has aroused public concern.
這個現象激發人們的公共意識。
[2]. I have a friend who ... Should he .... ? Such a dilemma we are often confront with in our daily life.
如此進退兩難的局面是我們日常生活中經常面對的。
[3]. Once upon a time , there lived a man who ... This story may be (unbelievable) , but it still has a realistic significance now.
很久以前，·······也許這個故事令人難以置信，但它仍有重大的現實意義
1-8 問題法 ----- 先用討論或解答的設問, 引出自己觀點, 適用於有爭議性的話題.
e.g:
Should/What ...... ? Options of ... vary greatly , some ..., others ...
But in my opinion , ...... .
Chapter 2 文章中間主體內容句型
原因結果分析
2-1. 基本原因 --- 分析某事物時, 用此句型說明其基本的或者多方面的原因.
e.g:
[1]. Why ... ? For one thing.. For another ... 為什麼·····？第一·····第二·····
[2]. The answer to this problem involes many factors. For one thing... For another...... Still another ...
這個問題的答案涉及到許多因素。第一·····第二·····另外·······
[3]. A number of factors , both physical and psychological affect .... /both indivial and social contribute to ....
許多因素，包括物質上的和精神上的·····個人原因都能導致·····
2-2 另一原因 --------> 在分析了基本原因之後, 再補充一個次要的或者更重要時用!
e.g:
[1]. Another important factor is ....
[2]. ... is also responsible for the change/problem.
[3]. Certainly , the ... is not the sole reason for .....當然，······不是·····的唯一因素
2-3 後果影響 --------- 分析某事物可能造成的後果或者帶來的影響 .
e.g:
[1]. It will proce a profound/far-reaching effect/impact on....
[2]. In involves some serious consequence for ........
Chapter 3 文章結尾形式
3-1 結論性--------- 通過對文章前面的討論 ,引出或重申文章的中心思想及觀點 .
e.g:
[1]. From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that .....
從以上所討論的，我們確實可以得出·····的結論。
[2]. In summary/In a word , it is more valuable .......
3-2 後果性------ 揭示所討論的問題若不解決, 將產生的嚴重後果.
e.g:
[1]. We must call for an immediate method , because the current phenomenon of ... , if allowed to proceed, will surely lead to the heavy cost of .......
我們必須提出一個緊急方案，因為當前的····現象，如果被允許進行，將理所當然的導致·····的重大代價\花費
[2]. Obviously , if we ignore/are blind to the problem , there is every chance that .. will be put in danger.
明顯的，如果我們對這個問題視而不見，····將有更大的可能被置於危險之中。
3-3 號召性 -------- 呼籲讀者行動起來, 採取行動或提請注意.
e.g:
[1]. It is time that we urged an immediate end to the undesirable tendency of ......
是我們促使將不好的趨勢結束的時候。
[2]. It is essential that effective measures should be taken to correct the tendency.
有效的措施被用來改變這傾向是必須的。
3-4 建議性 -------- 對所討論的問題提出建議性的意見, 包括建議和具體的解決問題的方法.
e.g:
[1]. While it cannot be solved immediately, still there are ways. The most popular is .... Another method is ... Still another one is .....
[2]. Awareness/Recognition of the problem is the first step toward the situation.
對這問題的察覺\認識是面對這種情況的第一步。
3-5 方向性的結尾方式 ---- 其與建議性的唯一差別就是對問題解決提出總的, 大體的方向或者指明前景.
e.g:
[1]. Many solutions are being offered here , all of them make some sense, but none is adequate enough. The problem should be recognized in a wide way .
make some sense：有意義，講得通，有道理
[2]. There is no quick method to the issue of .., but .. might be helpful/benefical.
[3]. The great challenge today is ...... There is much difficulty , but ........
3-6 意義性的結尾方式 --------> 文章結尾的時候,從更高的更新的角度指出所討論的問題的重要性以及其深遠的意義!
e.g:
[1]. Following these suggestions may not guarantee the success, but the pay off might be worth the effort . It will not only benefit .....but also benefit .....
[2]. In any case, whether it is posotive or negative, one thing is certain that it will undoubtedly ..
一)比較
1.The advantage far outweigh the disadvantages.
2.The advantages of A are much greater than those of B.
3.A may be preferable to B, but A suffers from the disadvantages that...
4.It is reasonable to maintain that ...but it would be foolish to claim that...
5.For all the disadvantages, it has its compensating advantages.
6.Like anything else, it has its faults.
7.A and B has several points in common.
8.A bears some resemblances to B.
9.However, the same is not applicable to B.
10. A and B differ in several ways.
11. Evidently, it has both negative and positive effects.
12. People used to think ..., but things are different now.
13. The same is true of B.
14. Wondering as A is ,it has its drawbacks.
15. It is true that A ... , but the chief faults (obvious defects )are ...
二)原因
1.A number of factors are accountable for this situation.
A number of factors might contribute to (lead to )(account for ) the phenomenon(problem).
2. The answer to this problem involves many factors.
3. The phenomenon mainly stems from the fact that...
4. The factors that contribute to this situation include...
5. The change in ...largely results from the fact that...
6. We may blame ...,but the real causes are...
7. Part of the explanations for it is that ...
One of the most common factors (causes ) is that ...
Another contributing factor (cause ) is ...
Perhaps the primary factor is that …
But the fundamental cause is that ...
三)後果
1. It may give rise to a host of problems.
2. The immediate result it proces is ...
3. It will exercise a profound influence upon...
4. Its consequence can be so great that...
四)批駁
1)It is true that ..., but one vital point is being left out.
2) There is a grain of truth in these statements, but they ignore a more important fact.
3) Some people say ..., but it does not hold water.
4) Many of us have been under the illusion that...
5) A close examination would reveal how ridiculous the statement is.
6) It makes no sense to argue for ...
7) Too much stress placed on ... may lead to ...
8) Such a statement mainly rests on the assumption that ...
9) Contrary to what is widely accepted, I maintain that ...
五)舉例
1) A good case in point is ...
2) As an illustration, we may take ...
3) Such examples might be given easily.
4) ...is often cited as an example.
六)證明
1) No one can deny the fact that ...
2) The idea is hardly supported by facts.
3) Unfortunately, none of the available data shows ...
4) Recent studies indicate that ...
5) There is sufficient evidence to show that ...
6) According to statistics proved by ..., it can be seen that ...
七)開篇
1) Many nations have been faced with the problem of ...
2) Recently the problem has been brought into focus.
3) Recently the phenomenon has become a heated topic.
4) Recently the issue has aroused great concern among ...
5) Nowadays there is a growing concern over ...
6) Never in our history has the idea that ... been so popular.
7) Faced with ..., quite a few people argue that ...
8) According to a recent survey, ...
9) With the rapid development of ..., ...
八)結尾
1) From what has been discussed above, we can draw the conclusion that ...
2) It is high time that strict measures were taken to stop ...
3) It is necessary that steps should be taken to ...
4) In conclusion, it is imperative that ...
5) There is no easy method, but ...might be of some help.
6) To solve the above-mentioned problem, we must ...
7) In summary, if we continue to ignore the above-mentioned issue, more problems will crop up.
8) With the efforts of all parts concerned, the problem will be solved thoroughly.
9) We might do more than identify the cause ; it is important to take actions to ...
10) Taking all these into account, we ...
11) Whether it is good or not /positive or negative, one thing is certain/clear...
1)With the deepening of Chinese reform and opening up
2)When it comes to...，some people think ／believe……that...，others argue ／claim that opposite ／reverse is true.There is probably……some truth in both arguments／statements，but...當說到……，有些人認為……，但另一些人則持相反的觀點……。這兩種觀點可能都有點道理，但……。