英語寫作常用銜接詞教學內容

㈠ 求英語口語中和寫作中常用的連詞 或者連接短語

我自己學習時，總結的，還沒有結束，分享給你吧！

1.If only and only if
If only
（1）在if only這個短語中，中心詞是從屬連接詞if, 而副詞only只是加強if的語氣的，因此，if only僅僅是if的一種強化形式，不僅能表達說話人的願望，而且能表達條件。因此，它同if一樣，譯為「如果」，也能引出條件狀語從句。
Ex：If only they were here now, we would be able to celebrate their wedding anniversary.如果他們現在在這里，我們就能慶祝他們的結婚紀念日了。
（2）if only常常用來表達強烈的願望或遺憾，因此，主要用在虛擬語氣中，用以表達強烈的願望或非真實條件。常被譯為「但願」、「要是……該多好啊」等。
Ex：If only she could have lived a little longer. 要是她能活得再長一些，那該多好啊！
（3）if only有時也可以寫成if…only。
Ex：① If she would only come! 但願他能來。
② If I only knew! 要是我知道該多好！
（4）if only從句在大多數情況下用作虛擬條件句，但是偶爾也有用在真實條件句的情況。常被譯為「只要, 只要...就好」 等。
Ex：He will succeed if only he does his best. 只要他竭盡全力，他就會成功。
Only if
「只有……(才)；只有在……的時候，唯一的條件是……」 only if 有時也寫成only...if，表示唯一的條件，但是意思不變。
Ex：① I told him he would succeed only if he tried hard. 我告訴他，只有努力才能成功。
② I will only come home if you come with me. （= I will come home only if you come with me.） 只有你跟我一起走，我才回家。
③Yet they could only get the blood if one of the frightened children would agree to give it. 可以改寫成：Yet they could get the blood only if one of the frightened children would agree to give it. 但是，只有這些受驚嚇的孩子中有人自願獻血，他們才能夠得到血。
If only和Only If的用法區別：
從上面的分析，我們還可以看出if only和only if這兩個短語都可以用來引導條件從句，表示主句所需要的「條件」，但是兩者有差異，主要表現在說話人的語義意圖等方面。
（1） If only引導的條件句，通常用來表示說話人對某事所寄予的某種強烈願望，相當於as long as。它可以獨立使用，用來表示由於客觀條件限制，為某事不大可能或完全不可能實現而感到惋惜或遺憾的復雜心情，常用虛擬語氣。
Ex：If only I were as clever as you！要是我像你一樣聰明該多好啊！
（2） Only if 引起的條件狀語從句，是一個對「條件」限制更嚴的「限制性條件狀語從句」，表示「只有……(才) ；只有在……的時候；唯一的條件是……」的意思；與if引起的一般條件句相比，它有一種增強主句語勢的作用。
Ex：Only if the case is urgent should you call out the doctor in the middle of the night. 只有患者情況緊急時，你才可以在半夜叫醫生看病。
2.not only...but also... 不但...而且...
（1）連接兩個主語. Not only he but also you are wrong.
（2）連接兩個賓語. He is learning not only French but also English.
（3）連接兩個表語. She is not only a scientist but also a writer.
（4）連接兩個謂語. They not only made a promise, but also kept it.
（5）連接兩個狀語. I take what you say not only pleasantly but also gratefully.
（6）Not only +倒裝語序，but also + 陳述語序
①Not only is Cheryl a good swimmer, but she's also a promising musician and a great photographer.
②Not only did I forget my train ticket, but I also forgot my passport.
③Not only was Ellen there, but Wanda and Dale came too
（7）Not only… but also… 其中also可以省略，例如: They』re not only dirty, but they smell, too! 他們不只是臟，而且他們也很臭.
3.Only that 要不是, 若非
注意與上短語有相近意義的還有如下一些片語:
but that; only for; but for; if not; if not for; if it were no for; had it not been for; were it not for等。
（1）Only that it rains today, I would go. (Subjunctive mood)
（2）I would have failed but that you helped me. 要不是你們幫助我，我就會失敗。
（3）But for my brother's help, I would not have finished. 要不是我兄弟的幫助，我是無法完成的。
4.Only by ... Can... 只有...才能...
Only you know of my personality best. 只有你最了解我的個性
Only you can tolerate everything of mine. 因為只有你能包容我的一切
5.Only just 剛剛, 恰好
這個習慣用語表示2個意思：
（1）「剛剛好」，例如：I've only just moved to New York. 我剛剛搬到紐約來。
（2）還可以表示「差一點，幾乎沒有...」例如：He only just caught the train.他差點就沒趕上火車。I've got enough milk for the coffee - but only just.我的牛奶剛剛夠喝咖啡用的。
6.Only too 非常; 實在; 太; 可惜
這個習慣用語表示「很，非常」，與very差不多，例如：That's only too true. 我看這事是真的。言外之意就是「說話者但願這件事不是真的」。再舉個例子 I shall be only too pleased to get home.一想到回家我就會很高興。
7.Only to do something 反而，卻，不料竟會..., 沒想到會...
用來指隨即就要發生的事，尤其指那些讓人驚訝，失望，或放心的事情，例如：I got home only to find I'd left all my keys at the office. 我到家了才發現鑰匙落在辦公室了。
8.Only not 簡直是, 跟...差不多
In fact I come here usually, only not leave my post.
9.Before long and Long before
Before long
是「很快，不久以後」的意思, 可以用於各種時態。例如:
（1）I'll see the film before long 我不久就要看這部電影。
（2）Before long, the noise dropped completely and the boat began to drift gently across the water. 不久，轟鳴聲完全消失了，這只船開始慢悠悠地漂浮在水面上。
（3）Before long the war broke out and he joined the army. 很快戰爭爆發了，他參軍了。
Long before
是「很久以前」的意思。單獨使用, 一般用在過去完成時的句子里。
（1）She said she had seen the film long before. 她說她很久以前就看過這部電影。
（2）He joined the army long before the war broke out. 在戰爭爆發前很久他就參軍了。
10.Neither…nor… 既不…也不…
(1)連接兩個主語. Neither she nor I have been to Japan．
(2)連接兩個賓語. ①He knows neither English nor French. ②The casual friendliness of many Americans should be interpreted neither as superficial nor as artificial, but as the result of a historically developed cultural tradition.
(3)連接兩個表語. She is neither a scientist nor a writer.
(4)連接兩個謂語. They neither made a promise, nor kept it.
(5)連接兩個狀語. I take what you say neither pleasantly nor gratefully.
(6)neither +倒裝語序，nor +倒裝語序
當neither/not…nor引導兩個分句時，這兩個分句中的主謂均要倒裝。例如：
①Neither do I know her address，nor does he. 我不知道她的地址，他也不知道。
②Not could the patient eat，nor could he drink. 那個病人既不能吃，也不能喝。
(7).「Neither/Nor+助動詞+主語」，是用於對前面所說的否定內容表示同樣看法的句型。例如：
①He won』t go, Neither/Nor will I.她不走，我也不。
②I cannot swim. Neither can he (swim). 我不會游泳，他也不會。
11.Either… or… 或者… 或者…
是指有兩樣東西，只能選擇其一。例如：
（1）作主語或連接主語，謂語動詞用單數。例如：
①Either of the films is good. 兩部電影其中一部好看。
②Either Chris or Joseph will be the winner tonight. Chris 或 Joseph 其中一位將成為今晚的贏家。
（2）作賓語。例如：He wrote to either of them. 他給他們中的一個人寫了信。
（3）作定語。例如：Either teacher often answers the questions.這兩個老師中有一位常常解答問題。
12.both．．．and．．．不但…而且…； 既…又…
（1）Both New York and London have traffic problems. 紐約和倫敦都存在交通問題。
（2）The secretary both speaks and writes Spanish. 這位秘書不但能講而且能寫西班牙語。
（3）The delegates visited both New York and Boston. 代表們既訪問了紐約又訪問了波士頓。
13.not a （用於名詞前）一個也不；沒有
not a breath of air. 一點風也沒有
「How much did this cost?」 「Not a penny!」 「花多少錢買的？」「一分錢沒花！」
14.Why not +動詞原形 表達向某人提出建議 ...
Why not take a holiday? 干嗎不去度假?
15.not at all （對贊美或感謝的回答）別客氣，沒什麼；根本不
Not at all是口語中一個十分常見的表達，由於其實際意思往往與其字面意思相去甚遠。現將主要用法歸納如下。
(1)用於回答感謝，意為「不用謝；不客氣」。如：
——Thank you very much．多謝你了。
——Not at a11. 不客氣。
——Thanks for helping me. 謝謝你幫助我。
——Not at a11. I enjoyed it. 別客氣，很高興能幫你。
——Thank you very much. 非常感謝你。
——Not at a11. Il was the least I could do. 不用謝，這是我應該做的。
(2)用於回答帶有感謝性質的客套話。意為「沒什麼；哪裡哪裡」。如：
——You are very kind．你真好。
——Not at all. 沒什麼。
——It's very kind of you．你真客氣。
——Not at a11. 哪裡哪裡。
(3)用於回答道歉，意為「沒關系」。如：
——I'm sorry I'm late. 對不起，我遲到了。
——Oh，not at all，do come in. 噢，沒關系，請進來。
——I'm sorry to keep you waiting．對不起，讓你久等了。
——Oh，not at a11. I've been here only a few minutes．哦，沒關系，我也剛到幾分鍾。
(4)用來表示否定(是No的加強說法)，意為「一點也不：完全不」。如：
——Are you busy? 你忙嗎?
——Not at a11. 一點不忙。
——Is it difficult to study English? 英語難學嗎?
——Not at a11. 一點不難。
——I』11 be away on a business trip．Would you mind looking after my cat? 我要因公出差，請幫我照看一下我的貓，你介意嗎?
——Not at all. I』ll be happy to．一點不介意，我很樂意。
16.not to say 幾乎是；也許還；簡直可以說; 雖然說不上, 即使不能說
（1）She sounded impolite, not to say rude. 她的話聽來很不禮貌，簡直可以說是粗魯。
（2）This is not to say that these categories have disappeared. Rather, they are mixing and interacting in new ways .簡直可以說這些種類已經消失，更准確的說他們正以新的方式混合交替作用。
17.and what not 諸如此類
18.not all that 不那麼...(地)
注意與下列句子的區別：Not all that is famous is important and not all that is important is famous. 並不是所有著名的都是重要的，也不是所有重要的都是著名的
19.Not ...But... 不是...而是
與not that ... but that ... 不是(因為)...而是(因為) ...相類似
(1)I am not saying she is the ultimate authority but she can put the two cultures in perspective.
(2)I knew I was not going to like the answers I got back but I had to ask anyway.
20.But then again 即使是這樣…又…；但是另一方面，卻…
(1)But then again we have to think about the kind of influence it is going to have on young people all over the world considering who they are.
(2)But then again, he would probably think it a terrible waste that Simon Hogg chose to edit Juice instead of designing aero planes or building nuclear reactors.
21.not that ... 並不是；倒不是
Not that is famous is important and not that is important is famous. 並不是著名的就是重要的，也不是重要的就是著名的。
22.not so 不是那樣
（1）Tax overhaul is not so sweeping.
（2）Not-so-lucky Labor kicks off with Kylie question.
23.not with it [美俚]局外人（n.）
24.the more …, the more … and the more…, the less…
the more …, the more … 譯為「越…越….」；the more…, the less… 譯為「越…越不…」。例如：
（1）The more angry he became, the more she laughed at him.
（2）The more difficult the questions are, the less likely I am to be able to answer them.
25.more or less 差不多；或多或少
We hope our explanation will prove more or less helpful.
26.no more and no longer
no longer 和 no more，在漢語中都有「不再」的意思，但是 no longer 更側重於強調時間上「不再」，而 no more 更側重於強調數量上 「不再」。另外，no more還有「也不；都不」的意思。
（1）He can't afford a new car, and no more can I.（倒裝）
（2）We have no more chances to win. ( We do not have any other chances to win.)
（3）I am no longer a student. ( I used to be a student, but I am not a student now.)
（4）He no longer lives here. = He doesn't live here any longer. = He doesn't live here any more
27.just about幾乎；正是…附近
另外，例如：Just the same = Nevertheless. 然而，不過；just after在...之後就；just as
正像, 就...樣子，正當；just as it is恰好如此, 照原樣；just as they were恰好如此, 照原樣；just now剛才, 前一會兒，現在, 這會兒；just on差不多; 將近；just so正是那樣；
just then就在這時候, 那時候；just yet這時還(不能)...；not just ... but不僅...而且。
（1）I met him just about here. 我就是在這附近遇到他的。
（2）They had just about won the game when they had to stop playing. 他們眼看就要贏得這場比賽,卻不得不停下來了。
（3）He's just about to leave. 他剛要走。
（4）Our team just about won the game - we finished only one goal ahead.我們隊幾乎輸了這場比賽 - 終場時我們只領先一球。
28.as yet 迄今；到目前為止
與其有相近意義的短語和詞彙還有：up to now；till now； to now； until now；until till now；to date；to this day；so far；thus far；by far；up to the present； to the present；until the present time；heretofore； hereunto； hitherto；
（1）As yet, no man has set foot on Mars. 到目前為止還沒有人登上火星。
29. and yet 可是，然而
30.on the up-and-up or on the up and up 公開的，誠實的
31.up against 遭遇到；面對，例如：He was up against a strong opponent. 他面對一名較強的對手。
32.up and down 來回上下
33.up for 打算；准備，例如：The house is up for sale. 房子准備出售。
34.Up to： 搭配意義比較多。
還有一半多，粘貼不上了，已經以信息的形式發給你了，請查收！

㈡ 英語作文中的連接詞有哪些

英語寫作中常見的連接詞，轉折、補充、原因、列舉~~學會用這些詞，讓寫作更連貫。回

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㈢ 英語學習 重視語言基礎教學，恰當運用英語連接詞

注意英漢差異，克服「中國式英語」
在進行英文寫作時，有些學生由於缺乏對英語語篇組織規律的認識，缺乏對英漢語言差異的了解，往往會把漢語的語篇組織規律，語言使用習慣等遷移到英語寫作中去，按照漢語的思維方式和漢語的習慣來組織英文句子，結果造成句子邏輯混亂，寫出來的句子非常生硬，甚至令人費解，「中國式英語」現象比比皆是。教師在教學過程中應注意培養學生用英語思維的意識，培養英語語感，同時注意英漢表達和文化上的差異。
英語和漢語，各自有自己獨立的詞彙體系，詞彙含義不可能完全一一對應。語言是文化的載體，二者是密不可分、相輔相成的。但是由於各國、各民族的語言習慣、風土人情和思想觀念的不同，同一個詞在不同的國家或地區，即在不同的社會文化背景下，具有不同的含義。比如，漢語中有「像老黃牛一樣耕作」，而英語則用「馬」來表示：worklikeahorse。學習類似表達時，提醒學生注意通過語言對比了解中西方文化的差異，這樣，不僅能夠加深理解雙方的文化，而且有助於英語學習和英文寫作。英漢在表達上的差異有很多，希望在以後的學習中注意和積累有關知識，正確運用英語表達式，養成正確的語言表達習慣，使寫作更加規范，提高表達能力和文章的質量。
3加強理論教學，發揮範文的作用
在日常寫作教學中，教師要有意識地將成果寫作法、過程寫作法、體裁寫作法等相關理論介紹給學生，幫助學生理解和掌握這幾種寫作理論的特點及異同。教師要引導學生多背一些好文章、好句子、好段落，使學生深刻了解英語的句子結構和變化規律，掌握地道的英語表達方式，提高英語表達能力。眾所周知「熟讀唐詩三百首，不會寫詩也會吟。」堅持讓學生背誦一些好文章、段落、句子、諺語等，在寫作中注意引用和借鑒，使文章更加生動、形象。
教師應盡量提供各種文體的範文，範文不僅要在格式、內容要點、語法修辭上給學生樹立樣板，而且要考慮到英語的多種表達方法，讓學生多接觸正面的東西。學生可通過範文比較一下自己的習作，找出差距，明確努力的方向，快速掌握英文句子的寫作技巧，使文章語句行文流暢，結構規范、語義清晰，符合英語的思維習慣和表達方式。
4重視語言基礎教學，恰當運用英語連接詞
在英語寫作教學中，我發現許多學生由於語言基礎差，句子與句子之間、段落之間缺乏相應的過渡詞，缺乏邏輯性，無法把自己的思想用英語明確地表達出來。寫作時常常出現措辭重復、句式單一、篇章結構銜接不暢等問題。教師在教學中注意加強語法知識，使學生明確詞彙的不同用法，准確地運用語言。英語與漢語的最大區別就是英語重形合，而漢語重意合。所謂「形和」是藉助語言形式手段（包括詞彙手段和形態手段）實現詞語或句子的連接；所謂「意和」是不藉助語言形式手段而藉助詞語或句子所含意義的邏輯關系來實現他們之間的連接（潘文國，2004）。漢語很少使用連接詞，句子顯得比較鬆散、不緊湊，但是漢語是用句意把整個句子聯系在一起的。英語非常注意用連接詞來表達語法形式的完整，使句子更加嚴密，層次分明。恰當運用連接詞可以使英文文章結構緊湊、www.homelunwen.com 畢業論文網自然順暢。例如：We will not attack unless we are attacked.人不犯我，我不犯人。
5發揮學生的主體性，激發寫作熱情
傳統英語寫作教學的模式是「教師給出題目，提出要求，讓學生在課內或課外規定的時間內完成一篇規定字數的作文，然後上交教師批改」，學生寫作相當被動，缺乏寫作熱情，也有相當一部分學生由此對寫作產生恐懼感。堅持「學生是寫作的主體」，調動起學生寫作的慾望，有利於學生的主動探索、主動發現、主動學習，有利於培養創造型人材。
在教學中，學生是教學的主體，教師應扮演「導演」的角色，注意激發學生的寫作興趣，變「要我寫」為「我要寫」，充分發揮學生的主動性。對學生英文作文中的語言錯誤，教師應採取寬容的態度。教師應把重點應放在善於發現學生的閃光點，看到學生的優點，比如他們所用到的優美的詞語，漂亮的句子等等，要及時給與表揚和鼓勵，使學生的自尊心、上進心得到強化，從而激發他們學習的鬥志，激發他們的進取精神，增強他們學習英語的興趣和動力。寫作過程中，學生常常犯一些帶有共性的「典型」錯誤，對於這些錯誤要認真分析，對於帶有普遍性的錯誤要在課堂上加以解釋和說明，以促進寫作。

㈣ 英語中寫作 連詞連接兩個並列句。標點符號要怎麼寫

在並列句中，常用的連接詞有並列連詞，如：and，but，or，while，版for，so，neither，nor等，還有連接副權詞，如still，yet，however，consequently，there-fore，then等。還有一些相當於連接詞的片語，如：on the contrary（相反），not only…but also（不僅……而且），on（the）one hand…on the other hand（一方面……另一方面）等。這些連接詞在句中起連接句子的作用，同時它們還表示並列、條件、結果、轉折、對照讓步和因果關系。

㈤ 英語寫作中表達總結意義的銜接詞

in conclution, 後接句子
to conclude, 後接句子
in a word, 後接短句
Hence, 後接結論
Therefore/Thereafter, 後接結論
thus 表示結論，用法比較靈活 可以放句首，特定情況下的主語後面以及謂語後面
Admittedly, 後接句子，意思是誠然，表示讓步，在文章哪裡都能用
as all described/analysed/argued above, 後接句子 as has been noted 如前所述
above all 最重要的是 accordingly 於是
as a result結果 in sum 總之，簡而言之 to sum up
in summary 簡要地說
as i have said 如我所述 on the whole 總體來說;整個看來
at last 最後
by and large 一般說來
briefly 簡單扼要地 to speak frankly 坦白地說
by doing so 如此
eventually 最後 surely 無疑
finally 最後
in brief 簡言之 no doubt 毫無疑問 undoubtedly 無疑
in short 簡而言之 truly 的確
so 所以
certainly 當然地;無疑地 obviously 顯然

注意：all in all 最好不要用， 外國人幾乎不用

希望對你有幫助，還有請採納吧

㈥ 列舉英語四級作文常用銜接詞.比如說"相反地","進一步說","另外"什麼的.帶例句,範文更好

1) 先後次序關系：at this time; first; second; at last; next；; simultaneously; eventually；last but not least；to begin with；to start with；to end with；finally；seeing...；since then；first of all；afterwards; following this; preceding this.
2) 因果關系：because；because of this；being that；another important factor／reason of... ； since； as； for； in that...； owing to； e to； for the reason that...； in view of； the reason seems to be obvious; there are about... ；for this reason; as a result of this； therefore；...and so...； consequently；as a result； thus； hence； so；so that...； in consequence； as a consequence； accordingly; inevitably; under these conditions; thereupon.
3) 轉折關系：but；even so；however；though；even though；independent of；reckless of ；despite that； in spite of that； regardless of; yet...；and yet； but unless.
4) 並列關系： and; also；too；as well as；either...，or...；both...and...
5) (補充)遞進關系： furthermore；moreover；further；In this way ；still； not only...but also...； not...but...； in addition (to)；additionally, much more interesting, more specifically, next, besides； as far as... is concerned; moreover；in other words；along this line of consideration；on the one hand...，on the other hand...； even； as a poplar saying goes...；in order to do it...; meanwhile； at the same time； accordingly； In the first place...，in the second place...;equally important; of even greater appeal.
6) 比較關系： similarly; in like manner, in comparison with；when compared with；compared with；when in fact...; like...； likewise； similarly important； apart from (doing)...； ... rather than...，by doing so ；both…and...; in the same way; not only...but (also).
7) 對照(不同點)：yet; still; for all of that; notwithstanding; rather; neither ... nor; although; though; but; however; something is just the other way around；yet; conversely； unlike； opposed to; as opposed to ； in contrast (to)； by way of；on the contrary；different from this；as opposed to this； nevertheless; contrary to； whereas； while；but on the other hand.
8) 舉例關系:for example； for instance； in this case; namely； as you know； you may as／say； as he explains； like； such as； a case in point is...; consider...； in particular；including...；for one thing...，for another...；put it simply；stated roughly； as an illustration， I will say...； a good example (of...)would be...；to detail this，I would like to...； It is interesting to note that...；in this situation; as proof; take the case of; take as example (something)； as for; as regards； as to； according to; on this occasion.
9) 強調關系：in fact; especially；particularly；moreover；naturally; what is more important； in reality； certainly; of course; indeed; in particular；not to mention...；believe it or not；undeniably; other thing being equal；it is certain／sure that...；to be strict; to be true；by definition; definitely; undoubtedly; without a doubt; in truth, in any event(不論怎樣); without reservation(毫無保留地); obviously, not only.. but(also...), both... and...
10) 條件關系: if；unless; lest；provided that；if it is the case；in this sense；once...；if possible；if necessary；if so；if not all; if anything.
11) 歸納總結類： in other words；on the whole; in sum; therefore；hence；in short；in brief；to sum up；in conclusion; in summary； to conclude； the conclusion can be drawn that...; for this reason; in short.
12) 地點關系：beyond; opposite to; adjacent to; at the same place; there; over; in the middle; around; in front of; in the distance; farther; here and there; above; below; at the right; between; on this side.
13) 目的關系：with this object; for this purpose; in order that; in this way, since; so that; on that account; in case; with a view to; for the same reason.
14) 重申關系：in other words; that is to say; as I have said; again; once again.
15) 結果關系：accordingly; thus; consequently; hence; therefore; thereupon; inevitably; under these conditions; as a result; as a consequence; because; because of; so that; not only...but (also...); so... as to.
16) 順序關系：first; second; thirdly; next; then; at the outset(在開始時)，following this; at this time; now; at this point; after; afterward; after this; subsequently; lastly; finally; consequently; before this; previously; preceding this; simultaneously; concurrently(同時).
17) 時間關系：at once; immediately; at length; in the mean time; meanwhile; at the same time; in the end; then; soon; not long after; later; at once; at last; finally; some time ago; at present; all of a sudden; from this time on; from time to time; since then; when; whenever; next point; a few minutes later; formerly; as; once; since; occasionally; in a moment; shortly; whereupon; previously

寫作模板:
辯論式議論文
模版1
Some people believe (argue, recognize, think) that 觀點1. But other people take an opposite side. They firmly believe that 觀點2. As for me, I agree to the former/latter idea.
There are a dozen of reasons behind my belief. First of all, 論據1.
More importantly, 論據2.
Most important of all, 論據3.
In summary, 總結觀點. As a college student, I am supposed to 表決心.
或 From above, we can predict that 預測.
模版2
People hold different views about X. Some people are of the opinion that 觀點1, while others point out that 觀點2. As far as I am concerned, the former/latter opinion holds more weight.
For one thing, 論據1.
For another, 論據2.
Last but not the least, 論據3.
To conclude, 總結觀點. As a college student, I am supposed to 表決心.
或 From above, we can predict that 預測.
模版3
There is no consensus of opinions among people about X（爭論的焦點）. Some people are of the view that 觀點1, while others take an opposite side, firmly believing that 觀點2. As far as I am concerned, the former/latter notion is preferable in many senses. The reasons are obvious.
First of all, 論據1.
Furthermore, 論據2.
Among all of the supporting evidences, one is the strongest. That is, 論據3.
A natural conclusion from the above discussion is that總結觀點.
As a college student, I am supposed to 表決心.
或 From above, we can predict that 預測.
圖表式作文
It is obvious in the graphic/table that the rate/number/amount of Y has undergone dramatic changes. It has gone up/grown/fallen/dropped considerably in recent years (as X varies). At the point of X1, Y reaches its peak value of …(多少).
What is the reason for this change? Mainly there are … (多少) reasons behind the situation reflected in the graphic/table. First of all, …(第一個原因). More importantly, …(第二個原因). Most important of all, …(第三個原因).
From the above discussions, we have enough reason to predict what will happen in the near future. The trend described in the graphic/table will continue for quite a long time (if necessary measures are not taken括弧里的使用於那些不太好的變化趨勢).
提綱式作文
1． 對立觀點式
A．有人認為X 是好事，贊成X， 為什麼？
B． 有人認為X 是壞事， 反對X，為什麼？
C．我的看法。
Some people are in favor of the idea of doing X. They point out the fact that 支持X 的第一個原因。They also argue that 支持X 的另一個原因。
However, other people stand on a different ground. They consider it harmful to do X. They firmly point out that 反對X 的第一個理由。 An example can give the details of this argument: 一個例子。
There is some truth in both arguments. But I think the advantages of X overweigh the disadvantages. In addition to the above-mentioned negative effects it might bring about, X also may X 的有一個壞處。
2． 批駁觀點式
A．一個錯誤觀點。
B． 我不同意。
Many people argue that 錯誤觀點。By saying that, they mean 對這個觀點的進一步解釋。An example they have presented is that 一個例子。（According to a survey performed by X on a group of Y, almost 80% of them 贊成這個錯誤觀點或者受到這個錯誤觀點的影響）。
There might be some element of truth in these people』s belief. But if we consider it in depth, we will feel no reservation to conclude that 與錯誤觀點相反的觀點。There are a number of reasons behind my belief. (以下參照辯論文的議論文寫法)。
3． 社會問題（現象）式
A．一個社會問題或者現象。
B． 產生的原因
C．對社會和我們生活的影響
D． 如何杜絕。（如果是問題的話）
E． 前景的預測。
Nowadays, there exists an increasingly serious social/economic/environmental problem. (X has increasingly become a common concern of the public). According to a survey, 調查內容說明這種現象的情況。（或者是一個例子）。
There are a couple of reasons booming this problem/phenomenon. 下面參照辯論式議論文的寫法。
X has caused substantial impact on the society and our daily life, which has been articulated in the following aspects. 參照辯論式議論文的寫法。
A dozen of measures are supposed to take to prevent X from bringing us more harm. 參照辯論式議論文的寫法。
Based on the above discussions, I can easily forecast that more and more people will ……..

英語四六級寫作絕招
開頭萬能公式
1． 開頭萬能公式一：名人名言
有人問了，「我沒有記住名言，怎麼辦？尤其是英語名言？」，很好辦：編！
原理：我們看到的東西很多都是創造出來的，包括我們欣賞的文章也是，所以盡管編，但是一定要聽起來很有道理呦！而且沒准將來我們就是名人呢！對吧？
經典句型：
A proberb says, 「 You are only young once.」 （適用於已記住的名言）
It goes without saying that we cannot be young forever. （適用於自編名言）
更多經典句型：
As everyone knows, No one can deny that…

2． 開頭萬能公式二：數字統計
原理：要想更有說服力，就應該用實際的數字來說明。
原則上在議論文當中十不應該出現虛假數字的，可是在考試的時候哪管那三七二十一，但編無妨，只要我有東西寫就萬事大吉了。所以不妨試用下面的句型：
According to a recent survey, about 78.9% of the college students wanted to further their study after their graation.
看起來這個數字文鄒鄒的，其實都是編造出來的，下面隨便幾個題目我們都可以這樣編造：
Honesty：根據最近的一項統計調查顯示，大學生向老師請假的理由當中78%都是假的。
Travel by Bike：根據最近的一項統計調查顯示，85%的人在近距離旅行的時候首選的交通工具是自行車。
Youth：根據最近的一項統計調查顯示，在某個大學，學生的課余時間的70%都是在休閑娛樂。
Five-day Work Week Better than Six-day Work?：根據最近的一項統計調查顯示，98%的人同意每周五天工作日。
更多句型：
A recent statistics shows that …
結尾萬能公式
1． 結尾萬能公式一：如此結論
說完了，畢竟要歸納一番，相信各位都有這樣的經歷，領導長篇大論，到最後終於冒出個「總而言之」之類的話，我們馬上停止開小差，等待領導說結束語。也就是說，開頭很好，也必然要有一個精彩的結尾，讓讀者眼前一亮，這樣，你就可以拿高分了！比如下面的例子：
Obviously（此為過渡短語）, we can draw the conclusion that good manners arise from politeness and respect for others.
如果讀者很難「顯而見之」，但說無妨，就當讀者的眼光太淺罷了！
更多過渡短語：
to sum up, in conclusion, in brief, on account of this, thus
更多句型：
Thus, it can be concluded that…, Therefore, we can find that…

2． 結尾萬能公式二：如此建議
如果說「如此結論」是結尾最沒用的廢話，那麼「如此建議」應該是最有價值的廢話了，因為這里雖然也是廢話，但是卻用了一個很經典的虛擬語氣的句型。拽！
Obviously, it is high time that we took some measures to solve the problem.
這里的虛擬語氣用得很經典，因為考官本來經常考這個句型，而如果我們自己寫出來，你說考官會怎麼想呢？
更多句型：
Accordingly, I recommend that some measures be taken.
Consequently, to solve the problem, some measures should be taken.
寫作的「七項基本原則」
一、 長短句原則
工作還得一張一馳呢，老讓讀者讀長句，累死人！寫一個短小精闢的句子，相反，卻可以起到畫龍點睛的作用。而且如果我們把短句放在段首或者段末，也可以揭示主題：
As a creature, I eat; as a man, I read. Although one action is to meet the primary need of my body and the other is to satisfy the intellectual need of mind, they are in a way quite similar.
如此可見，長短句結合，抑揚頓挫，豈不爽哉？牢記！
強烈建議：在文章第一段（開頭）用一長一短，且先長後短；在文章主體部分，要先用一個短句解釋主要意思，然後在闡述幾個要點的時候採用先短後長的句群形式，定會讓主體部分妙筆生輝！文章結尾一般用一長一短就可以了。

二、 主題句原則
國有其君，家有其主，文章也要有其主。否則會給人造成「群龍無首」之感！相信各位讀過一些破爛文學，故意把主體隱藏在文章之內，結果造成我們稀里糊塗！不知所雲！所以奉勸各位一定要寫一個主題句，放在文章的開頭（保險型）或者結尾，讓讀者一目瞭然，必會平安無事！
特別提示：隱藏主體句可是要冒險的！
To begin with, you must work hard at your lessons and be fully prepared before the exam（主題句）. Without sufficient preparation, you can hardly expect to answer all the questions correctly.

三、 一二三原則
領導講話總是第一部分、第一點、第二點、第三點、第二部分、第一點… 如此羅嗦。可畢竟還是條理清楚。考官們看文章也必然要通過這些關鍵性的「標簽」來判定你的文章是否結構清楚，條理自然。破解方法很簡單，只要把下面任何一組的詞彙加入到你的幾個要點前就清楚了。
1）first, second, third, last（不推薦，原因：俗）
2）firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally（不推薦，原因：俗）
3）the first, the second, the third, the last（不推薦，原因：俗）
4）in the first place, in the second place, in the third place, lastly（不推薦，原因：俗）
5）to begin with, then, furthermore, finally（強烈推薦）
6）to start with, next, in addition, finally（強烈推薦）
7）first and foremost, besides, last but not least（強烈推薦）
8）most important of all, moreover, finally
9）on the one hand, on the other hand（適用於兩點的情況）
10）for one thing, for another thing（適用於兩點的情況）
建議：不僅僅在寫作中注意，平時說話的時候也應該條理清楚！

四、 短語優先原則
寫作時，尤其是在考試時，如果使用短語，有兩個好處：其一、用短語會使文章增加亮點，如果老師們看到你的文章太簡單，看不到一個自己不認識的短語，必然會看你低一等。相反，如果發現亮點—精彩的短語，那麼你的文章定會得高分了。其二、關鍵時刻思維短路，只有湊字數，怎麼辦？用短語是一個辦法！比如：
I cannot bear it.
可以用短語表達：I cannot put up with it.
I want it.
可以用短語表達：I am looking forward to it.
這樣字數明顯增加，表達也更准確。

五、 多實少虛原則
原因很簡單，寫文章還是應該寫一些實際的東西，不要空話連篇。這就要求一定要多用實詞，少用虛詞。我這里所說的虛詞就是指那些比較大的詞。比如我們說一個很好的時候，不應該之說nice這樣空洞的詞，應該使用一些諸如generous, humorous, interesting, smart, gentle, warm-hearted, hospital 之類的形象詞。再比如：
走出房間，general的詞是：walk out of the room
但是小偷走出房間應該說：slip out of the room
小姐走出房間應該說：sail out of the room
小孩走出房間應該說：dance out of the room
老人走出房間應該說：stagger out of the room
所以多用實詞，少用虛詞，文章將會大放異彩！

六、 多變句式原則
1）加法（串聯）
都希望寫下很長的句子，像個老外似的，可就是怕寫錯，怎麼辦，最保險的寫長句的方法就是這些，可以在任何句子之間加and, 但最好是前後的句子又先後關系或者並列關系。比如說：
I enjor music and he is fond of playing guitar.
如果是二者並列的，我們可以用一個超級句式：
Not only the fur coat is soft, but it is also warm.
其它的短語可以用：
besides, furthermore, likewise, moreover
2）轉折（拐彎抹角）
批評某人缺點的時候，我們總習慣先拐彎抹角說說他的優點，然後轉入正題，再說缺點，這種方式雖然陰險了點，可畢竟還比較容易讓人接受。所以呢，我們說話的時候，只要在要點之前先來點廢話，注意二者之間用個專這次就夠了。
The car was quite old, yet it was in excellent condition.
The coat was thin, but it was warm.
更多的短語：
despite that, still, however, nevertheless, in spite of, despite, notwithstanding
3）因果（so, so, so）
昨天在街上我看到了一個女孩，然後我主動搭訕，然後我們去咖啡廳，然後我們認識了，然後我們成為了朋友…可見，講故事的時候我們總要追求先後順序，先什麼，後什麼，所以然後這個詞就變得很常見了。其實這個詞表示的是先後或因果關系！
The snow began to fall, so we went home.
更多短語：
then, therefore, consequently, accordingly, hence, as a result, for this reason, so that
4）失衡句（頭重腳輕，或者頭輕腳重）
有些人腦袋大，身體小，或者有些人腦袋小，身體大，雖然我們不希望長成這個樣子，可如果真的是這樣了，也就必然會吸引別人的注意力。文章中如果出現這樣的句子，就更會讓考官看到你的句子與眾不同。其實就是主語從句，表語從句，賓語從句的變形。
舉例：This is what I can do.
Whether he can go with us or not is not sure.
同樣主語、賓語、表語可以改成如下的復雜成分：
When to go, Why he goes away…
5）附加（多此一舉）
如果有了老婆，總會遇到這樣的情況，當你再講某個人的時候，她會插一句說，我昨天見過他；或者說，就是某某某，如果把老婆的話插入到我們的話裡面，那就是定語從句和同位語從句或者是插入語。
The man whom you met yesterday is a friend of mine.
I don』t enjoy that book you are reading.
Mr liu, our oral English teacher, is easy-going.
其實很簡單，同位語--要解釋的東西刪除後不影響整個句子的構成；定語從句—借用之前的關鍵詞並且用其重新組成一個句子插入其中，但是whom or that 關鍵詞必須要緊跟在先行詞之前。
6）排比（排山倒海句）
文學作品中最吸引人的地方莫過於此，如果非要讓你的文章更加精彩的話，那麼我希望你引用一個個的排比句，一個個得對偶句，一個個的不定式，一個個地詞，一個個的短語，如此表達將會使文章有排山倒海之勢！
Whether your tastes are modern or traditional, sophisticated or simple, there is plenty in London for you.
Nowadays, energy can be obtained through various sources such as oil, coal, natural gas, solar heat, the wind and ocean tides.
We have got to study hard, to enlarge our scope of knowledge, to realize our potentials and to pay for our life. （氣勢恢宏）
要想寫出如此氣勢恢宏的句子非用排比不可！

七、 挑戰極限原則
既然是挑戰極限，必然是比較難的，但是並非不可攀！
原理：在學生的文章中，很少發現諸如獨立主格的句子，其實也很簡單，只要花上5分鍾的時間看看就可以領會，它就是分詞的一種特殊形式，分詞要求主語一致，而獨立主格則不然。比如：
The weather being fine, a large number of people went to climb the Western Hills.
Africa is the second largest continent, its size being about three times that of China.
如果您可一些出這樣的句子，不得高分才怪！
文章主體段落三大殺手鐧
一、舉實例
思維短路，舉實例！提出一個觀點，舉實例！提出一個方案，舉實例！而且者也是我們揭示一個觀點最好的方式，任何情況下，只要我們無法繼續文章，不管三七二十一，盡管舉例子！
In order to attract more customers, advertisers have adopted every possible stimulative factor in making ads, such as sound, light, colours, cartoon films and human performance. For instance, to advertise a certain food, advertisers will ask an actor or actress to sit at a table and devour the seemingly delicious food while they fime him or her.
更多句型：
To take … as an example, One example is…, Another example is…, for example
二、做比較
方法：寫完一個要點，比較與之相似的；又寫完一個要點，再比較與之相反的；
世界上沒有同樣的指紋，沒有相同的樹葉，文章亦同，只有通過比較，你才會發現二者的相同點（through comparison）和不同點（through contrast）。下面是一些短語：
相似的比較：
in comparison, likewise, similarly, in the same manner
相反的比較：
on the other hand, conversely, whereas, while, instead, nevertheless, in contrast, on the contrary, compared with …, …
三、換言之
沒話說了，可以換一句話再說，讓你的文章在多一些字，或者文鄒鄒地說，是讓讀者更充分的理解你的觀點。
實際就是重復重復再重復！下面的句子實際上就三個字 I love you!
I am enthusiastic about you. That is to say, I love you.
I am wild about you. In other words, I have fallen in love with you.
或者上面我們舉過的例子：
I cannot bear it.
可以用短語表達：I cannot put up with it.
因此可以這樣說：I cannot bear it. That is to say, I cannot put up with it or I am fed up with it.
更多短語：
in more difficult language, in simpler words, put it more simply

四六級寫作常見句型
（1）用於描寫漫畫、圖表的常用句型
①As the graph depicts , …
②From the cartoon /picture , we can see that …
③According to the statistics shown in the first /second graph ,
④The table shows / indicates / reveals that …
⑤It can be seen /concluded from the picture / table / figures that …

（2）用於句首提出論題或現象的句型
①Recently , …has

㈦ 寫英語作文時常用的連接詞有哪些

連接詞有以下這些：

1)表層次:
first,firstly, to begin with, further, in the first place
second,secondly, to start with, still, furthermore
third,thirdly, what is more, last, last but not least
also, and then, next, besides
and equally important too moreover
besides in addtion finally

2)表轉折；
by contrast although though yet
at the same time but despitethe fact that even so
in contrast nevertheless even though for all that
notwithstanding on the contarary however in spite of
on the other hand otherwise instead still
regardless

3)表因果；
therfore consequently because of for the reason
thus hence e to owing to
so accordingly thanks to on this account
since as on that account in this way
for as a result as a consequence

4）表讓步：
still nevertheless concession granted naturally
in spite of all the same of course despite
even so after all

5)表遞近：
furthermore moreover likewise what is more
besides also not only...but also...
too in addtion

6)表舉例：
for example for instance for one thing that is
to illustrate as an illustration a case in point

7)表解釋：
as a matter of fact frankly speaking in this case namely
in other words

8)表總結：

in summary in a word thus as has been said
in brief in conclusion altogether in other words
to conclude in fact finally in simpler terms
indeed in short in particular that is
in other words of course on the whole to put it differently
namely in all therefore to summarize

拓展資料：

連接詞是連接單字、片語或子句的字或字群，不能獨立充當句子成分。在英語詞類中，連接詞可說是最容易掌握的一種。從結構上說，英語連接詞分兩大類:並列連詞(coordinating，conjunctions)和從屬連詞(subordinating，conjunctions)。

折疊並列連詞

並列連詞連接兩個或兩個以上地位平等的字、片語或分句。例如:

(1) Air and water are indispensable to me.

(2) She likes going out with friends or playing outdoor games.

折疊從屬連詞

從屬連詞連接兩個或兩個以上的分句，形成復雜句中的從屬分句。例如:

(4) He said that he did not want to go .

(5) Many things have happened since I last saw him.

(6) You may come if you want to.