英語商務論文寫作句型

⑴ 如何寫sci文章，論文寫作常用句型與語法

· 作者姓名和單位(Author and department)
這一項屬於論文署名問題。署名一是為了表明文責自負，二是記錄作用的勞動成果，三是便於讀者與作者的聯系及文獻檢索(作者索引)。大致分為二種情形，即：單個作者論文和多作者論文。後者按署名順序列為第一作者、第二作者……。重要的是堅持實事求是的態度，對研究工作與論文撰寫實際貢獻最大的列為第一作者，貢獻次之的，列為第二作者，余類推。註明作者所在單位同樣是為了便於讀者與作者的聯系。(三)摘要(Abstract)論文一般應有摘要，有些為了國際交流，還有外文(多用英文)摘要。它是論文內容不加註釋和評論的簡短陳述。其他用是不閱讀論文全文即能獲得必要的信息。摘要應包含以下內容： ①從事這一研究的目的和重要性; ②研究的主要內容，指明完成了哪些工作; ③獲得的基本結論和研究成果，突出論文的新見解; ④結論或結果的意義。
· 關鍵詞(Key words)
關鍵詞屬於主題詞中的一類。主題詞除關鍵詞外，還包含有單元詞、標題詞的敘詞。主題詞是用來描述文獻資料主題和給出檢索文獻資料的一種新型的情報檢索語言詞彙，正是由於它的出現和發展，才使得情報檢索計算機化(計算機檢索)成為可能。 主題詞是指以概念的特性關系來區分事物，用自然語言來表達，並且具有組配功能，用以准確顯示詞與詞之間的語義概念關系的動態性的詞或片語。關鍵詞是標示文獻關建主題內容，但未經規范處理的主題詞。關鍵詞是為了文獻標引工作，從論文中選取出來，用以表示全文主要內容信息款目的單詞或術語。一篇論文可選取3~8個詞作為關鍵詞。
關鍵詞或主題詞的一般選擇方法是由作者在完成論文寫作後，縱觀全文，先出能表示論文主要內容的信息或詞彙，這些住處或詞江，可以從論文標題中去找和選，也可以從論文內容中去找和選。例如上例，關鍵詞選用了6個，其中前三個就是從論文標題中選出的，而後三個卻是從論文內容中選取出來的。後三個關鍵詞的選取，補充了論文標題所未能表示出的主要內容信息，也提高了所涉及的概念深度。需要選出，與從標題中選出的關鍵詞一道，組成該論文的關鍵片語。
關鍵詞與主題詞的運用，主要是為了適應計算機檢索的需要，以及適應國際計算機聯機檢索的需要。一個刊物增加「關鍵詞」這一項，就為該刊物提高「引用率」、增加「知名度」開辟了一個新的途徑。
(五)引言(Introction)
引言又稱前言，屬於整篇論文的引論部分。其寫作內容包括：研究的理由、目的、背景、前人的工作和知識空白，理論依據和實驗基礎，預期的結果及其在相關領域里的地位、作用和意義。
引言的文字不可冗長，內容選擇不必過於分散、瑣碎，措詞要精煉，要吸引讀者讀下去。引言的篇幅大小，並無硬性的統一規定，需視整篇論文篇幅的大小及論文內容的需要來確定，長的可達700~800字或1000字左右，短的可不到100字。

⑵ 英語論文中，引用名人名言的格式是什麼

一、英語論文中引用名人名言的格式通常分為直接引用和間接引用。

1、直接引用先介紹名人的來歷，後面直接引出名人的原話。

例如：According to Francis Bacon, a renowned British writer and philosopher, "Money is a good servant and a bad master."

翻譯：英國著名作家和哲學家培根（FrancisBacon）說：「金錢是一個好僕人，也是一個壞主人。」

2、間接引用

間接引用通常為引用俗語或者古話。

例句：There goes a saying that he knows most who speaks least.

翻譯：有句俗語說，誰說得最少，誰知道得最多。

二、英語論文中引用一句句子的格式是：As an old saying goes+(引用的句子)。引述別人的觀點,可以直接引用,也可以間接引用。無論採用何種方式,論文作者必須註明所引文字的作者和出處。目前美國學術界通行的做法是在引文後以圓括弧形式註明引文作者及出處。

三、正確引用作品原文或專家、學者的論述是寫好英語論文的重要環節；既要注意引述與論文的有機統一,即其邏輯性,又要注意引述格式 （即英語論文參考文獻）的規范性。

(2)英語商務論文寫作句型擴展閱讀：

命題方式

簡明扼要，提綱挈領。

英文題名方法

①英文題名以短語為主要形式，尤以名詞短語最常見，即題名基本上由一個或幾個名詞加上其前置和（或）後置定語構成；短語型題名要確定好中心詞，再進行前後修飾。各個詞的順序很重要，詞序不當，會導致表達不準。

②一般不要用陳述句，因為題名主要起標示作用，而陳述句容易使題名具有判斷式的語義，且不夠精煉和醒目。少數情況（評述性、綜述性和駁斥性）下可以用疑問句做題名，因為疑問句有探討性語氣，易引起讀者興趣。

③同一篇論文的英文題名與中文題名內容上應一致，但不等於說詞語要一一對應。在許多情況下，個別非實質性的詞可以省略或變動。

④國外科技期刊一般對題名字數有所限制，有的規定題名不超過2行，每行不超過42個印刷符號和空格；有的要求題名不超過14個詞。這些規定可供我們參考。

⑤在論文的英文題名中。凡可用可不用的冠詞均不用。

⑶ 給我含金量高的英語議論文作文模板，用來考四級得高分用，謝謝，各種句型短語都可以...

大學英語寫作套路及範文
.我的觀點(MY VIEW)
When asked about a theme, different people will offer different opinions…is no exception. Some people take it for granted that …However, others hold that…
As far as I am concerned, I』m in favor of the second view. The reasons are as follows.
First, there is an element of truth that… but it doesn』t follow that…A case in point is that… Therefore, the first view doesn』t bear much analysis.
In conclusion…
Example:
My View on Adventuring
When asked about a theme, different people will offer different opinions. Adventuring is no exception. Some people take it for granted that human beings should explore the unknown world by adventuring. However, others hold that it is unnecessary and insignificant to be engaged in any adventure in modern times.
As far as I am concerned, I』m in favor of the second view. The reasons are as follows.
Firstly, there is an element of truth that to transform the world human beings should know it first, but it doesn』t follow that people need to go adventuring. It is unnecessary for modern people to sail around the world in a small boat single-handed, or pass through the desert of the jungle on foot alone, etc. The reason is that there are hardly any places in the world that have never been discovered. A case in point is that Yu Chunshun, an adventurer from Shanghai, who went adventuring through many provinces in China, died in the desert in the end. Although his adventure caused a stir in society, I think it was worthless and insignificant because the wen adventuring only out of curiosity and didn』t make any valuable discovery as Columbia did. Therefore, the first view cannot bear much analysis.
In conclusion, in modern times common people need not to adventuring. They can hardly make any new discovery because the world has been explored mostly and is still being explored by scientists.
2.優點和缺點(Advantages and disadvantages)
Nowadays, ...plays an important part in ... Like everything else, ...has both favorable and unfavorable aspects. Generally, the advantages can be listed as follows
Firstly, ... Besides ... Most important of all ...
But every coin has tow sides. The negative aspects are alse apparent. To begin with, ... To make matters worse of all ...
Through above analysis, I believe that the advantages aspects outweigh the disadvantages. Therefore...
Example:
On Computers
Nowadays, computers are very popular around us. Like everything else, computer have both favorable and unfavorable aspects. Generally, the advantages can be listed as follows.
First, computers can calculate. They can make work more efficient for they have a high speed of calculation. Besides, people can communicate with each other by E-mail, which costs people less money and less time. Most important of all, computers create wide communication around the world. People can communicate with each other by joining Internet. They can make friends all over the world.
But every coin has tow sides. The negative aspects are also apparent. To begin with, since computers can do a lot of work for us, such as calculation, we may rely too much on them and become lazier and lazier. To make matters worse, although it is convenient for people to communicate with each other by E-mail, the original warm relationship may become cold, for people will have fewer opportunities to talk to each other face to face. Worst of all, computer will have virus caused by electronic hackers so that a lot of important information will be lost.
Through above analysis, I believe that the positive aspects outweigh the negative aspects. Therefore, I believe, computers will have a bright future.
3.怎麼辦(How to)
Many ways can contribute to solving this serious problem, but the following ones may be most effective. First of all ... Another way to solve the problem of ... is ... Finally...
There are not the best and only tow measures we can take. But it should be noted that if we take strong action to ...
Example:
How to solve the Problem of Heavy Traffic
With the booming of the motor instry, there are an increasing number of vehicles on the roads. As a result, traffic jams often occur.
Many ways can contribute to solving this serious problem, but the following ones may be most effective.
First of all, roads should be broadened to lower the degree of congestion and to speed up the flow of heavy traffic. Another way to solve the problem of heavy traffic is to open up more bus routes to rece bicycles and automobiles. Finally, more underground passages should be developed so that people can commute by metro.
These are not the best and the only three ways we can take. But it should be noted that if the government takes some actions to alleviate the traffic problem, all of us can enjoy more free traffic.
4.選擇行動(A or B)
When we ... we will be faced with the choice between A and B. Before making the right choice, we had better make a close comparison and contrast of them.
First of all, A... Also, B... Second, A... likewise, B... Despite their similarities, A and B are also different in the following aspects. First, A... However, B... Besides, A... on the contrary, B...
Therefore, it depends with ... we should choose. If we…., we should choose A; but if we ... we should turn to B.
Example:
Traveling by Train or by Plane
When we go on a business trip, we will be faced with choice between traveling by train by plane. Before making the right choice, we had better make a close comparison and contrast of them.
First of all, a train will take us to our target railway station. Also, a plane will take us to the target airport. Second, in a train we can enjoy the beautiful scenery of the countryside. Likewise, in a plane we can command a good view of fields, building, mountains and even clouds below. Despite their similarities, traveling by train and by plane are also different in the following aspects. First, a train ticket is cheap. Most of us can afford it. However, a plane ticket is about twice as expensive as a train ticket. Most of us grudge paying for it. Besides, it is safer to travel by train. If the train gets into some trouble, we may survive by jumping out of it. On the contrary, if we travel by plane, we have to ask God to bless us. Finally, it takes us longer time to travel by train than by plane.
Therefore, it depends which transportation tool we should choose. If we just want to save money, we travel by train; but if we want to save time, we will turn to the plane.
5.為什麼(Why)
There are many reasons for... but in general, they come down to three major ones. For one thing... for another thing ... Perhaps the prime reason is that ... From the foregoing...
Example:
Why Are There So Many Rural Laborers in Shanghai
Nowadays, rural laborers flood in Shanghai. Men usually make a living by decorating houses fro city-dwellers. Women usually work in the restaurant, washing bowls and plates. Some of them also work in state-run factories, undertaking the work city-dwellers are unwilling to do. There are many reasons for this social phenomenon, but in general, they come down to three major ones.
For one thing, perhaps they are short of money and want to earn some money in Shanghai to cope with their difficulties. For another, they find it easier to make a living in Shanghai than in the countryside. Perhaps the prime reason is that they admire the urban life and want to live in Shanghai permanently.
From the foregoing, the rural population is getting bigger and bigger in Shanghai and it has caused serious social problems. Therefore, the government should take effective measures to restrict the rural population in Shanghai.

⑷ 英語寫作中寫議論文，有沒有什麼句型可以用來表達一類人的觀點

議論文中引出一類人或者說「別人」的觀點，是為了加強自己的觀點（贊同）回或者答反駁以突出自己的觀點（反對），不管是哪種情況，都可以用同一套句型引出「別人」的觀點：

1. It is widely/ often/ generally + claimed/ maintained/ argued/ suggested/ accepted/ supported ...

2. Some/ Most/ A majority of people + think/ believe/ feel that...

3. Many/ Some people/ experts (專家) / scientists (科學家) / critics (批評者) / sceptics (質疑者) + argue/ suggest/ maintain/ support/ advocate (願意倡導，在議論文中也可用來表示贊同)... 在實際寫作的過程中可以不同的句式交替使用，讓文章在表達明確觀點的同時，句法層面也豐富多彩。

⑸ 英國論文寫作都有哪些慣用的句式

英國論文的寫作中有些表達句式的方法是非常慣用的，例如：
一、列舉法回
列舉法是四級寫作中常用的方法，答一般用first, second等一系列標志詞引出原因或者可能的影響等。
列舉法常用的素材有：引出列舉、分條列舉
二、對比法
對比法是指通過對比兩種截然不同的觀點來陳述其中的利弊，從而得出自己的結論。
三、舉例法
所謂舉例法，是指以恰當的事例來佐證自己的觀點，例子應該典型、精煉。

⑹ 英語寫作（議論文、記敘文、說明文）適用句型

一、…the + …est + 名詞 +（that）+ 主詞 + haveever + seen（known/heard/had/read，etc） …the most + 形容詞 + 名詞 +（that）+ 主詞 + have ever + seen（known/heard/had/read，etc） 例句： Helen is the most beautiful girl that I have ever seen. 海倫是我所看過最美麗的女孩。 Mr. Chang is the kindest teacher that I have ever had. 張老師是我曾經遇到最仁慈的教師。
二、Nothing is + …er than to + V Nothing is + more + 形容詞 + than to + V 例句： Nothing is more important than to receive ecation. 沒有比接受教育更重要的事。
三、…cannot emphasize the importance of …too much.（再怎麼強調……的重要性也不為過） 例句： We cannot emphasize the importance of protecting our eyes too much. 我們再怎麼強調保護眼睛的重要性也不為過。
四、There is no denying that + S + V …（不可否認的……） 例句： There is no denying that the qualities of our living have gone from bad to worse. 不可否認的，我們的生活品質已經每況愈下。
五、It is universally acknowledged that + 句子…（全世界都知道……） 例句： It is universally acknowledged that trees are indispensable to us. 全世界都知道樹木對我們是不可或缺的。
六、There is no doubt that + 句子…（毫無疑問的……） 例句： There is no doubt that our ecational system leaves something to be desired. 毫無疑問的我們的教育制度令人不滿意。
七、An advantage of …is that + 句子（……的優點是……） 例句： An advantage of using the solar energy is that it won't create（proce）any pollution. 使用太陽能的優點是它不會製造任何污染。
八、The reason why + 句子 …is that + 句子（……的原因是……） 例句： The reason why we have to grow trees is that they can provide us with fresh air./ The reason why we have to grow trees is that they can supply fresh air for us. 我們必須種樹的原因是它們能供應我們新鮮的空氣。
九、So + 形容詞 + be + 主詞 + that + 句子（如此……以致於……） 例句： So precious is time that we can't afford to waste it. 時間是如此珍貴，我們經不起浪費它。
十、Adj + as + Subject（主詞）+ be，S + V…（雖然……） 例句： Rich as our country is，the qualities of our living are by no means satisfactory. {by no means = in no way = on no account 一點也不} 雖然我們的國家富有，我們的生活品質絕對令人不滿意。
十一、The +…er + S + V，…the + …er + S + V… The + more + Adj + S + V，…the + more + Adj + S + V…（愈……愈……） 例句：Theharderyouwork，themoreprogressyoumake. 你愈努力，你愈進步。 Themorebooksweread，themorelearnedwe become. 我們書讀愈多，我們愈有學問。
十二、By+Ving，…can…（借著……，……能夠……） 例句：Bytakingexercise，wecanalwaysstayhealthy. 借著做運動，我們能夠始終保持健康。 十三、…enable+Object（受詞）+to+V（……使……能夠……） 例句：. 聽音樂使我們能夠感覺輕松。
十四、Onnoaccountcanwe+V…（我們絕對不能……） 例句：. 我們絕對不能忽略知識的價值。 十五、Itistime+S+過去式（該是……的時候了） 例句： . 該是有關當局採取適當的措施來解決交通問題的時候了。
十六、Thosewho…（……的人……） 例句：. 違反交通規定的人應該受處罰。
十七、Thereisnoonebut…（沒有人不……） 例句：. 沒有人不渴望上大學。
十八、be + forced/compelled/obliged + to + V（不得不……） 例句：，. 既然考試迫在眉睫，我不得不放棄做運動。
十九、It isconceivablethat+句子（可想而知的） Itisobviousthat+句子（明顯的） Itisapparentthat+句子（顯然的） 例句： importantroleinourlife. 可想而知，知識在我們的一生中扮演一個重要的角色。
二十、Thatisthereasonwhy……（那就是……的原因） 例句：Summerissultry.Thatisthereasonwhy Idon'tlikeit. 夏天很燠熱。那就是我不喜歡它的原因。
二十一、Forthepast+ 時間，S + 現在完成式。（過去……年來，……一直……） 例句：Forthepasttwoyears，. 過去兩年來，我一直忙著准備考試。
二十二、Since + S + 過去式，S + 現在完成式 例句：Sincehewenttoseniorhighschool，he hasworkedveryhard. 自從他上高中，他一直很用功。
二十三、Itpaysto + V……（……是值得的） 例句：Itpaystohelpothers. 幫助別人是值得的。
二十四、bebasedon（以……為基礎） 例句： harmony. 社會的進步是以和諧為基礎的。
二十五、Sparenoeffortto+V（不遺餘力的） 例句：. 我們應該不遺餘力的美化我們的環境。
二十六、bringhometo+人+事（讓……明白……事） 例句：. 我們應該讓人們明白努力的價值。
二十七、becloselyrelatedto…（與……息息相關） 例句：. 做運動與健康息息相關。
二十八、Getintothehabitof+Ving=makeitaruleto+V（養成……的習慣）
hours. 我們應該養成早睡早起的習慣。
二十九、Dueto/Owingto/Thanksto+N/Ving，…（因為……） 例句：Thankstohisencouragement，Ifinallyrealizedmydream. 因為他的鼓勵，我終於實現我的夢想。
三十、Whata+Adj+N+S+V！=How+Adj+a+N+V！（多麼……！） 例句：！ ！ 遵守諾言是多麼重要的事！
三十一、Leavemuchtobedesired（令人不滿意） 例句： tobedesired. 我們的交通狀況令人不滿意。
三十二、Haveagreatinfluenceon……（對……有很大的影響） 例句：. 抽煙對我們的健康有很大的影響。
三十三、dogoodto（對……有益），doharmto（對……有害） 例句：Readingdoesgoodtoourmind.讀書對心靈有益。 Overworkdoesharmtohealth.工作過度對健康有害。
三十四、Poseagreatthreatto…（對……造成一大威脅） 例句：. 污染對我們的生存造成一大威脅。
三十五、doone'sutmostto+V=doone'sbest（盡全力去……） 例句：. 我們應盡全力去達成我們的人生目標。
1. When asked about…, most people say… But many other people regard…as… I personally think…當被問及對……有什麼看法時，大多數人認為……但是，還有很多人認為……我個人認為……
2. When it comes to…, some people think that… Others argue that the opposite is true. There is probably some truth to both arguments, but…
涉及……這一問題，有的人認為應該……另一些人持相反意見。也許雙方的觀點都有一定道理，但是……
3. It is widely acknowledged that…contributed to… Experts argue that China must introce… But I doubt whether…alone will solve the problem。
人們普遍認為……專家認為中國必須推行……但我對僅僅……就能解決問題表示懷疑。
4. An increasing number of people are joining… In reaction to the phenomenon, some say… But do they realize that…can also lead to…
越來越多的人……進入了……針對這一現象，一些人認為……但是，他們有沒有意識到……也能導致……
5. One of the pressing problem facing our nation (China) today is…and…
我們國家(中國)如今面臨的緊迫問題之一是……
6. Perhaps the most dangerous phenomenon gripping the nation today is…
也許當今困擾國家的最危險的現象是……
7. Never before in history has the issue of…been more evident than now。
歷史上，……的問題從來沒有比現在更加突出。
8. Perhaps it is time to reexamine the idea that…
也許現在是應該重新考慮……的時候了。
9. A growing number of people are beginning to realize that…is not the sole prerequisite for happiness。
越來越多的人開始意識到……並不是幸福的唯一條件。
10. Years of observing human behavior has enabled me to conclude that the major difference between…and…lies solely with…
對人們行為的多年觀察使我能夠得出這樣的結論：……和……的主要區別僅僅在於……
11. There has been undesirable trend in recent years towards… A recent survey showed that…percent of respondents ranked…as their top priority, compared to…percent only a few years ago. Why do people fail to realize that…?
近年來出現了對社會有害的……傾向。最近的一項調查表明，……的調查對象把……作為他們的首選，相比之下，就在幾年前，只有……的人這樣想。為什麼人們沒能意識到……不一定帶來幸福呢？
12. I recently read a newspaper article on… The deplorable problem of…has aroused public concern nationwide。
最近，我在報紙上讀到一篇關於……的文章。……的問題令人深感遺憾，它已經引起了全國公眾的關注。
13. Judging from the reams of evidence presented, we can safely conclude that…
根據現有的大量證據，我們可以有把握地得出這樣的結論：……
14.Along with the development of…, more and more…
隨著……的發展，越來越多……
15.In the past few years, there has been a sharp growth/boom/decline in…
在過去幾年內，……有顯著增長/激增/明顯滑坡……
16.The ample evidence presented enables us to reasonably conclude that…
提出的充分證據使我們能夠合理地得出這樣的結論：……
17.While the rhythm/pace/tempo of people』s living is speeding up, a lot of changes have taken place in…
人民生活節奏加快的同時，……也發生了很多變化。
18.With the fantastic spur both in instry and its economy in China, the number of…is on the rise
隨著中國工業經濟的迅猛發展，……的數目不斷上升。
19.It is commonly believed that the rise in…is the inevitable result of economic development。
人們普遍認為，……的增長是經濟發展的必然結果。
20.In recent years, China has experienced an alarming increase in…
最近幾年來，中國……有了驚人的增長。
1我告訴他別亂動，否則照片沒法拍了。
I told him to stay put long enough for the photo to be taken
2晚會結束後，女孩子們留下來幫助清掃。
Girls stayed behind after the party to help clean up
3我一心只想幫忙，忘記了人多反而誤事。
I only wished to help， forgetting that it might turn out to be a case of too many cooks
4食堂的飯菜多得令人眼花繚亂，都不知道選什麼好了。
There are always a large varieties of food and dishes at our dining hall We are spoiled for choice
5在眾人面前發言總是令我緊張不堪。Speaking in front of a lot of people always gets on my nerves
6你會發現他這人一言九鼎。
You』ll find that he is just as good as his word
7我沒那樣講過。我搞不懂他為什麼硬說我講過了。
I didn』t say that I couldn』t understand why he put words in my mouth)
8點龍蝦呢還是要牛排呢，我吃不準。
I can』t decide between the lobster and the steak
9那件事最終促使我離職。
That decided me to leave my job
10我本想當畫家的，但命運卻為我另作了安排。
I had wanted to be a painter， but destiny decided otherwise
11他不會去的：他在這一點上相當堅決。
He won』t go: he』s quite decided about it
12他臉上流露著明顯的內疚。
Guilt was written all over his face
13他的英語並沒什麼了不起的。
His English is nothing much to write home about
14司機在車禍中只受了輕傷，倖免於難，但汽車卻完全報廢了。
The driver survived the crash with minor injuries， but the car was completely written of.