A. 商務英語寫作
Brief Introction to Business Letters
Words and expressions:
Letterhead
Reference
Salutation
Complimentary
Attention line
Subject line
Enclosure
Carbon
Full block style（齊頭式）
Indented style
Section A Parts of Business Letters
Most business letters have seven standard parts.
They are letterhead, reference and date, inside address, salutation, body, complimentary close, and signature.
When appropriate, any of the following optional items can be included.
Attention line, subject line, file or account number, enclosures, carbon notation, mailing notation and postscript.
Letterhead
Letterhead designs vary with business organizations and occupy the top of the first page.
They may be positioned at the center or at the left margin the top of the page.
A business letterhead, usually printed, contains all or some of the following elements:
The company』s name , address, postcode, telephone number, telex number, fax number, the name of the officer or the director and even some picture or slogan for a symbol of the company.
Reference and Date
A typewritten date is necessarily included in the heading.
The date is usually placed two lines below the last line of the letterhead at left margin for full block style or ending with the right margin for indented style.
It is usual to show the date in the order day/month/year ( English Practice) or month /day /year (American practice).
Avoid giving a date in figures and abbreviations.
Inside Address
The inside address is typed directly below the date line at the left hand margin.
The inside address of a letter to an indivial consists of the person』s courtesy title, name, business or executive title ( it should be used immediately after the name) and address.
When the letter is to a group, the inside address includes the full group name and the address.
Care should be taken to address the recipient exactly as on the envelope.
Salutation
Salutation is placed at the left margin two lines below the inside address and two lines above the body of the letter.
Considered a polite greeting with which a friendly business letter begins, the personal salutation must be appropriate for the first line of the inside address.
If the letter is addressed to an indivial, It is usual to use:
Dear Mr. Smith,
Dear Ms. John,
Dear Prof. Hobart,
Dear Dr. Walter,
The trend is towards Ms. As the courtesy title for all women regardless of their marital status.
When addressing a letter to a firm, Dear Sirs, Ladies and gentlemen or Gentlemen (American English ) would be used.
Attention Line
An attention line is considered a part of the inside address and it leads the letter to a particular person or department when the letter is addressed to a company.
It is usually between the inside address and the salutation or above the inside address ,as shown in examples:
Attention: Import Dept.
For the attention of Mr. Donnan, Sales manager
Attention of Mr. Standard, General Manager.
Subject line
The subject heading is regarded as a part of the body of a business letter.
Usually it is in the upper case or initial capitals/underline and placed between the salutation and the body of a letter to call attention to what content the letter is about. For example:
Dear Ms. Smith,
Our Catalogue No.2,
Opening Sentence
The first paragraph of the body is introctory.
It will always begin with reference to the previous letter received and provide an introction to what will be discussed.
Here are examples as follows:
(1),Your letter of 9』』 September to our Beijing
(2),We refer to quotations of 8』』october and our mail offer of 1』』 December regarding the supply of Speedo swimming caps.
(3)We acknowledge, with thanks, receipt of your binding application form for the 76』』 international Exhibition in March, 1998.
(4),We are pleased to inform you that the arrangements have now been made to ship the cotton underwear under your Order no.456.
(5), We regret up to the time of writing we have not heard anything from you about the shipment under the captioned contract.
Complimentary close
The complimentary close is simply a polite way to end a letter.
The expression for the complimentary close should match the salutation.
It appears in the middle of the page and two lines below the closing sentence for indented layout.
While it starts at the left-hand margin for fully blocked letters.
Only the initial letter in the first word of any complimentary close is capitalized.
Postscript
The signature mainly consists of the addresser』s signature, he typed name of his and his business title.
Name of the company if it is previously printed on the letterhead.
The addresser should sign the letter by hand and in ink above the typed name which the typed post follows immediately.
Signing on behalf of somebody else ,it is usual to write for pp or per pro before he letter.
Enclosure
Enc. Or Encs. Is typed two lines spaces after the signature of the address when something is sent along with the letter.
An enclosure can be anything in the envelope in addition to the message itself.
Examples are as follows: Enc.: 1 Price List
If the enclosed are more than on, the number should be marked.
Postscript
When you find something forgotten to be included in the letter body before the envelope is to be sealed up.
You may state it after the signature in a postscript with a simple signature again.
The adding of a P.S. should, however, be avoided as far as possible.
For examples: PS: the catalogue was sent to you on July 7th.
Section B Format of a Business letter
Full block form and modified block form with indented paragraphs are the two main patterns of layout in current use.
The former is now the most popular practice of displaying business letters.
Its remarkable feature is that all typing lines, including those for the date,
Inside name and address, salutation, subject heading, each message paragraph and complimentary close, begin at the left-hand margin.
Business letters with the full block form, along with open punctuation or mixed punctuations, re paragraphed by equal line spaces.
For this letter-style the open punctuation pattern is used, the end of the date line, the inside address lines, the salutation, the complimentary close and the signature block lines are unpunctuated, but a comma is necessary between the day and year in the date line and the full stop is retained after the abbreviation such as company, Inc. and Ltd.
While the mixed punctuation pattern, the most welcomed style today, requires an absence of punctuation marks from the date line, the inside address lines and the signature block lines except a colon or comma after the salutation and the complimentary close.
Modified block form with indented paragraphs indented style is the traditional British practice with the heading usually in the middle and the date on the right-hand side.
The complimentary close may be in the center or commence at the center point. The mixed punctuation is often used.
B. 商務英語寫作要注意些什麼
要正式，清楚，有邏輯性。
用問候語開始郵件內容非常重要，例如"Dear Lillian,"。根據你與收件人的關系親近與否，你可能選擇使用他們的姓氏來稱呼他們而不是直呼其名，例如"Dear Mrs. Price,"。如果關系比較親密的話，你就可以說，"Hi Kelly,"如果你和公司聯系，而不是個人，你就可以寫"To Whom It May Concern:"
如果你在回復客戶的詢問，你應該以感謝開頭。例如，如果有客戶想了解你的公司，你就可以說，"Thank you for contacting ABC Company."如果此人已經回復過你的一封郵件了，那就一定要說，"Thank you for your prompt reply."或是"Thanks for getting back to me."如果你可以找到任何機會那一定要謝謝收信人。這樣對方就會感到比較舒服，而且顯得更禮貌。
然後，如果是你主動寫電子郵件給別人的話，那就不可能再寫什麼感謝的字句了。那就以你寫此郵件的目的開頭。例如，"I am writing to enquire about …"或是"I am writing in reference to …"在電子郵件開頭澄清你的來意非常重要，這樣才能更好的引出郵件的主要內容。記得要注意語法，拼寫和標點符號，保持句子簡短明了並句意前後一致。
在你結束郵件之前，再次感謝收信人並加上些禮貌語結尾。你可以"Thank you for your patience and cooperation."或"Thank you for your consideration."開始接著寫，"If you have any questions or concerns, don't hesitate to let me know." 及"I look forward to hearing from you."
最後是寫上合適的結尾並附上你的名字。"Best regards," "Sincerely,"及"Thank you,"都很規范化。最好不要用"Best wishes,"或"Cheers,"類的詞因為這些詞都常用在非正式的私人郵件中。最後，在你發送郵件之前，最好再讀一遍你的內容並檢查其中有沒有任何的拼寫錯誤，這樣就能保證你發出的是一封真正完美的郵件！
awful
adjective used to describe something horrible or bad
聽
mood
n. state of mind or emotion
聽
C. 如何提高商務英語的寫作水平
想要提高商務英語寫作水平，首先書寫要正確
(1)恰當的語言風格
我們在撰寫正式專的商務英語寫作屬時，應盡量使用正規的語言;而當起草非正式的商務便條、商務便函及商務書信時，可使用較通俗的口語。
(2)准確的措詞和信息
商務寫作離不開商務術語，一般常用的商業術語用字簡潔。商務英語寫作應該特別注意措詞和信息的正確性。
同時商務英語寫作要求內容書寫得具體和明確，因此，盡量使用確定、具體的語言，直接了當地傳遞信息，說明問題，切忌籠統模糊。
D. 商務英語寫作訓練該怎麼教
一． 抓基本功
1． 大詞彙量
寫作的基本功包括詞彙、各種句型、語法結構、慣用詞、習慣搭配等。其中詞彙量是寫作的前提。沒有掌握一定量的詞彙，寫作寸步難行，「巧婦難為為之炊」說的就是這個道理。根據教學現狀、結合學生的實際，我要求學生每天記一定量的單詞，並按照單詞的詞性、含義和用法進行歸類、整理。對於平時遇到的高頻詞我則要求學生用一本「財富本」計時紀錄。為了檢驗效果，我隔一段時間還組織學生進行聽寫和小測驗，沒有寫對的立即訂正。
2． 做摘記，養成善於積累的習慣
現代語言學理論告訴我們，大量的語言輸入為語言的輸出創造了可能性。在課堂上要養成記筆記的好習慣、課後隨時記錄一些有用的詞彙，短語、精彩的句子和短文，並經常去翻閱誦讀，使這些優美句子、語段、各種不同的表達方式成為自己的財富。學生可以參考範文的寫作模式、好句子、名人名言和諺語等，甚至在平時訓練寫作時進行模仿
3． 寫日記
寫日記是提升寫作能力的一種好方法。我布置學生每天寫一篇或一周寫三到四篇日記，要求用一些課堂上學過的或自己課後學到的短語、句型、和精彩的句子，並時常鼓勵學生：只要堅持不懈，定會收到意想不到的效果。
二． 抓日常教學
授課時，教師要盡量用英語組織教學。在課文的詞彙和短語教學中，要注意單詞的詞性、同義、反義比較，各種構詞法及各種常見搭配，加強學生對英語詞形變化的理解，擴充他們的詞彙量，了解短語的用法。鼓勵他們口筆頭造句，藉此培養學生用完整句子表意的能力。指導學生就課文內容進行長句短寫，短句譯寫的口頭和筆頭練習，幫助學生熟練掌握英語中常用動詞句子的結構變化，單詞和復句的異同關鍵所在（如簡單的五種基本結構，復合句的類型）。幫助學生熟練掌握用動詞句子結構和詞義區別。有時結合課文鼓勵學生對課文內容、情節重新組織，用自己的話復述。有時另外補充材料，採用各種形式指導學生改寫、縮寫。
三． 抓習作的批改、點評和指導
教師應對學生的習作給與足夠的重視，鼓勵學生多些，正所謂「千里之行始於足下」、「天才在於積累」。我們可以讓學生自己想題目，寫自己想寫的，或就學過的短語自編一些短文。同時，要做好必要的寫作指導和點評，例如教學生如何布局謀篇，如何用詞、短語，如何連段成文，如何體現中心思想。提醒學生注意語言准確、表達通順、連貫，書寫工整、拼寫正確等。同時，我們要在指導、點評是告訴學生在寫文章之前要先審題，從給出的文字中或圖畫中分析文段的主題，找出要點，確定要寫的體裁、人稱和事態；其次，理清思路，確定用哪些重點短語和詞彙；再次，開始動筆寫，寫的時候要注意前後連貫，主謂一致，內在邏輯、聯結詞等問題；最後，修改潤色，注意書寫要整潔。修改檢查時，一般來說，要檢查以下幾項內容：
1. 查體裁，查格式。
2. 查句式。看句子成分是否完全，語序是否正確。
3. 查動詞。動詞是句子的中心，看整個句子的時態和動態是否正確，主謂是否一致，非謂語動詞形式正確與否。
4. 查搭配是否符合英語表達習慣。
5. 查標點和拼寫
寫作能力是一個人外語水平高低的重要標志。這種能力不是突擊幾天就能獲得的。因此，教師平時要注意從學生的實際水平出發，有目的，有計劃，又要求有檢查有反饋的從以上三個方面進行訓練，由易到難，循序漸進，不斷激發學生的寫作興趣，提高學生的寫作水平。
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E. 商務英語寫作求教，怎麼寫
愛思英語 http://www.24en.com （聽說讀寫資料較豐富）
上海日報Shanghai Daily http://www.shanghaidaily.com ：
商業周刊 http://www.businessweek.com /（有助於商務英語學習）
商業周刊中文版 http://www.businessweekchina.com
經濟學家 http://www.economist.com （有助於商務英語學習）
金融時報 http://www.ft.com (英國最受歡迎的商業報紙)
金融時報中文版：http://www.ftchinese.com
財富 http://www.fortune.com/
哈佛商業評論 http://www.hbr.com
福布斯 http://www.forbes.com
企業家 http://www.entrepreneur.com （美國最受歡迎的商業雜志）
紅鯡魚 http://www.redherring.com （美國最受歡迎的商業雜志）
麻省理工開放課件http://ocw.mit.e/index.html （可找到與你專業相關的課程，無需注冊，讓你在國內可以接受國外的教育）或http://www.core.org.cn/OcwWeb/
華盛頓大學http://www.uwtv.org/ （可以在線視頻收看各個領域專家講座，思想很前沿）
在線英語廣播大全http://www.24en.com/radio/，可以直接收聽VOA，BBC等幾百個英語電台的英語節目了
F. 商務英語（BEC）寫作指導：留學推薦信怎麼寫
1.推薦人與被推薦人的相識、關系
在留學申請推薦信中，一般在第一段不晚於第二段一定要說明推薦人與被推薦人的關系。這樣，評委們就可以一眼看出這封推薦信是來自申請者的老師、僱主還是朋友、同事。這部分要寫得簡潔，達到表明推薦人身份以及與被推薦人的關系即可。對於很有背景的、頭銜很多的推薦人，在這段只能選擇最重要的一個頭銜來寫。
2.在校期間學習/學術方面的推薦內容
介紹被推薦人在學習和工作方面的能力是推薦信的核心內容，也是國外教授們重點閱讀的部分。
3.工作期間的推薦內容
這部分主要是由工作單位的領導提供的推薦內容。這一部分的推薦信在介紹被推薦人工作期間的表現時，也要通過具體的實例來推薦被推薦人在專業領域的業務能力、研究能力、獨立處理緊急事件的能力、獨立研究解決問題的能力，創造思維能力，領導管理能力，市場開發能力等等。推薦人在介紹這些能力時，應根據被推薦人所要申請的專業，重點推薦該專業十分重要的能力。
4.其他方面的推薦內容(課余活動、人品、英語等)
國外有許多教授非常注重被推薦人的英語水平。中國申請者往往考試能力很強，但是交流能力欠缺，這是比較熟悉中國學生的國外教授經常提出的批評。英語的好壞將極大地影響申請者到國外以後的學習和生活以及能否與教授和同學進行交流。
在推薦信上被列為「其它」的項目還有：被推薦人的教學能力--這是影響外國評委們給予助教或助研獎學金的因素之一、被推薦人的品格、性格、愛好等等。不能說這些內容就不重要，把這些項目列入「其它」，是因為中國申請者的推薦信上這些內容比較少，語言好的範例也相應少。但是，若要鏟除雷同這一大的弊病，推薦信應該在這些內容上更下功夫。
推薦信的結尾
推薦信最後一段應包含的內容，主要是推薦人對被推薦人各種能力、品質、潛質的總結及對被推薦人的美好祝願。
G. 把下面一段話翻譯成英語,,關於商務英語寫作的
; from < > Beijing daily we know your company is one of the leading importers household appliances, you want to buy electric fan.
We proce all kinds of electric and ISO9000 quality system certification, our procts sell well in the Asian market. We hope that through building up business relations with your firm, to enter the European market.
As to our credit standing, please refer to bank of China, guangzhou branch.
Look forward to your early reply boudoir!
H. 商務英語寫作
題一：
Dear Colleagues,
How are you doing?
I'm writing to tell you that there will be an oral English course for us in the next week. It takes 2 evening to finish the training. It's a golden chance to learn some practical oral English and I strongly suggest everyone to attend.
Thank you.
XXXX
I. 商務英語寫作要注意些什麼
商務英語是一種特殊用途英語，它比一般的英語專業具有更強的專業性，它要求回寫作者不僅僅要具備答英語語言的基礎知識，還要熟悉商貿知識，能自如運用英語從事商務活動。 1. 不斷通過寫作練習培養英語語法的應用能力，重視掌握有關詞彙的用法，以便能運切實用有關語法和詞彙去寫作。這是英語寫作的基礎。 2. 通過大量閱讀逐漸培養英語思維，並掌握一些寫好句子的技巧，以便在把句子寫正確的同時，不斷培養用地道的英語把句子寫好的能力。 3. 了解一些英語段落、篇章的組織和寫作知識。