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英語修辭與寫作判斷題

發布時間:2021-02-11 03:17:23

⑴ 關於英語修辭和寫作手法

Analytical structure of speech :
simile 明喻
metaphor 暗喻
personification 擬人
hyperbole誇張
euphemism 委婉語
irony 反語
antithesis 對偶
metonymy 轉喻(指代)
litotes間接肯定即雙重否定
analogy 類比 將兩種本質不同的事物之間的共同點加以比較,來說明道理,把抽象的概念具體化,把淺顯的道理淺顯化:例 Forests are to nature what the lung is to man. Synecdoche 提喻,是以某事物的局部表示整體,抽象表示具體,特殊表示一般,或者反之。例如: More hands are needed in the work. (hand 是人體的一部分,代表人) There is a mixture of the tiger(殘暴) and the ape(狡猾)in his character.

Onomatopoeia 擬聲 The stream is murmuring down the hill. Some girls are giggling in the yard. Rain drops were pattering on the window. He heard the twitter of bird』s among the bushes.

Paradox 反論 指似是而非的說法,乍聽似乎荒唐,但實際很有道理。
The child is father to the man. 從小看到大。 More haste, less speed. 欲速而不達

Oxymoron 矛盾修飾法 指修飾語和被修飾語之間看似很矛盾,但實則相反相成。
Sour-sweet day 酸澀而甜蜜的歲月 poor rich men creative destruction 創造性的破壞 living death 死一般的活著

Pun 雙關 即巧妙地利用同音異義或同形異義現象 使同一個詞或同一句子表達兩種不同的含義,是之含蓄幽默,一語雙關。
— what makes the tower lean? Lean指傾斜 和 瘦的
— It never eats.
transfer epithet轉移修飾是 通常把形容人的詞語用來修飾事物上,或者把通常修飾甲類事物的形容詞用來修飾乙類,以簡潔、新穎、形象的效果。
A wide-eyed answer a helpless smile embarrassed delight
Dizzy height an icy look dry humor cheerful wine
Syllepsis 一語雙關 指用一個詞語同時與兩個部分搭配,含義上一個為字面意思,一個為比喻意思,可產生幽默、俏皮的效果。

⑵ 大學英語寫作與修辭的課後答案

寫作修辭「神不散」主要是從寫作的立意方面說的,即寫作所要表達的主題必須明確而集中,無論寫作的內容多麼廣泛,表現手法多麼靈活,無不為更好的表達主題。

⑶ 尋求英語修辭手法的練習題,請發給我。[email protected]

先把下面的各種修辭看一遍吧~
英語修辭手法
一、明喻(simile)是以兩種具有相同特徵的事物和現象進行對比,表明本體和喻體之間的相似關系,兩者都在對比中出現。常用比喻詞like, as, as if, as though等,例如:

1、This elephant is like a snake as anybody can see.

這頭象和任何人見到的一樣像一條蛇。

2、He looked as if he had just stepped out of my book of fairytales and had passed me like a spirit.

他看上去好像剛從我的童話故事書中走出來,像幽靈一樣從我身旁走過去。

3、It has long leaves that sway in the wind like slim fingers reaching to touch something.

它那長長的葉子在風中擺動,好像伸出纖細的手指去觸摸什麼東西似的。

二、隱喻(metaphor)這種比喻不通過比喻詞進行,而是直接將用事物當作乙事物來描寫,甲乙兩事物之間的聯系和相似之處是暗含的。

1、German guns and German planes rained down bombs, shells and bullets...

德國人的槍炮和飛機將炸彈、炮彈和子彈像暴雨一樣傾瀉下來。

2、The diamond department was the heart and center of the store.

鑽石部是商店的心臟和核心。

三、提喻(synecdoche)又稱舉隅法,主要特點是局部代表全體,或以全體喻指部分,或以抽象代具體,或以具體代抽象。例如:

1、The Great Wall was made not only of stones and earth, but of the flesh and blood of millions of men.

長城不僅是用石頭和土建造的,而且是用幾百萬人的血和肉建成的。

句中的「the flesh and blood」喻為「the great sacrifice」(巨大的犧牲)

2、「...saying that it was the most beautiful tongue in the world,...」

……他說這是世界上最美的語言。

這里用具體的「tongue」代替抽象的「language」。

4、Many eyes turned to a tall,20—year black girl on the U.S. team.

很多人將眼光投向美國隊一個高高的20歲的黑姑娘。

這里的「many eyes」代替了「many persons」。

四、擬人(personification)這種修辭方法是把人類的特點、特性加於外界事物之上,使之人格化,以物擬人,以達到彼此交融,合二為一。

1、She may have tens of thousand of babies in one summer.(From「 Watching Ants」)

一個夏天她可能生育成千上萬個孩子。

這里用「she」和「babies」把蜜蜂比作人類婦女的生育。

2、My only worry was that January would find me hunting for a job again.

我唯一擔心的是,到了一月份我又得去找工作。

英語里常把「年」「月」「日」人格化,賦以生命,使人們讀起來親切生動。

五、誇張(hyperbole)這是運用豐富的想像,過激的言詞,渲染和裝飾客觀事物,以達到強調的效果。

1、My blood froze.

我的血液都凝固了。

2、When I told our father about this,his heart burst.

當我將這件事告訴我們的父親時,他的心幾乎要迸出來。

3、My heart almost stopped beating when I heard my daughter』svoice on the phone.

從電話里一聽到我女兒的聲音,我的心幾乎停止跳動。

六、疊言(rhetorical repetition)這種修辭法是指在特定的語境中,將相同的結構,相同意義片語成句子重疊使用,以增強語氣和力量。

1、It must be created by the blood and the work of all of us who believe in the future, who believe in man and his glorious man—made destiny.

它必須用我們這些對於未來,對於人類以及人類自己創造的偉大命運具有信心的人的鮮血和汗水去創造。

2、... Because good technique in medicine and surgery means more quickly—cured patients, less pain, less discomfort, less death, less disease and less deformity.

因為優良的醫療技術和外科手術意味著更快地治療病人,更少痛苦,更少不安,更少死亡,更少疾病,和更少殘廢。

七、借代(metonymy)是指兩種不同事物並不相似,但又密不可分,因而常用其中一種事物名稱代替另一種。

1、Several years later, word came that Napoleonyh himself was coming to inspect them...

幾年以後,他們聽說拿破崙要親自來視察他們。

「word」在這里代替了「news, information」(消息、信息)

2、Al spoke with his eyes,「yes」.

艾爾用眼睛說,「是的」。

「說」應該是嘴的功能,這里實際上是用眼神表達了「說話的意思」。

八、雙關語(pun)是以一個詞或片語,用巧妙的辦法同時把互不關聯的兩種含義結合起來,以取得一種詼諧有趣的效果。

Napoleon was astonished.」Either you are mad, or I am,」he declared. 「Both,sir!」cried the Swede proudly.

「Both」一詞一語雙關,既指拿破崙和這位士兵都是瘋子,又指這位戰士參加過拿破崙指揮的兩次戰役。

九、擬聲(onomatcpocia)是摹仿自然界中非語言的聲音,其發音和所描寫的事物的聲音很相似,使語言顯得生動,富有表現力。

1、On the root of the school house some pigeons were softly cooing.

在學校房屋的屋頂上一些鴿子正輕輕地咕咕叫著。

2、She brought me into touch with everything that could be reached or felt——sunlight, the rustling of silk, the noises of insects, the creaking of a door, the voice of a loved one.

她使我接觸到所有夠得著的或者感覺得到的東西,如陽光呀,絲綢擺動時的沙沙聲呀,昆蟲的叫聲呀,開門的吱嗄聲呀,親人的說話聲呀。

十、諷刺(irony)是指用含蓄的褒義詞語來表示其反面的意義,從而達到使本義更加幽默,更加諷刺的效 果。

Well, of course, I knew that gentlemen like you carry only large notes.

啊,當然,我知道像你這樣的先生只帶大票子。

店員這句話意在諷刺這位穿破衣的顧客:像你這樣的人怎麼會有大票子呢?名為「gentlemen」實則「beg gar」而已。

十一、通感(synesthesia)是指在某個感官所產生的感覺,轉到另一個感官的心理感受。

Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed and some few to be chewed and digested.

有些書是應當嘗嘗滋味的,有些書是應當吞下去的,有少數書是應當咀嚼和消化的。

書是「嘗」不出味道的,也是不能「吃」下去將其「消化」掉的。這里把讀書中的精讀和泛讀,閱讀欣賞與吸收知識的感受,用味覺功能和消化功能來表示,心理感受是如此逼真和奇特。

十二、頭韻法(alliteration)在文句中有兩個以上連結在一起的詞或片語,其開頭的音節有同樣的字母或聲音,以增強語言的節奏感。

How and why he had come to Princeton, New Jersey is a story of struggle, success, and sadness.

⑷ 英語修辭的辨析問題 求助高手 急急急!!!

1.simile為了形象、深刻地描寫某一事物,人們常把具有某種共同特徵的兩種不同事物加以對比,用另一種事物比方所要說明的事物,這種對比在修辭學上稱為明喻。句子中常有 like, as, as…as, as it were, as if, as though, be something of, similar to,等詞,如My mind goes round and round like the earth.我的大腦像地球一樣不停地轉動。I'm as poor as a church mouse. 我一貧如洗。
2.metaphor將具有某種共同特徵的兩個不同事物進行比較,說話人不直接點明兩個事物之間的相似,而是要靠讀者自己去意會的比喻,叫做暗喻/隱喻,句子中沒有like, as等詞,如Time is money. 時間就是金錢。Snow clothes the ground. 雪覆蓋了大地。
3.personification擬人是指把物(包括物體、動物、思想或 抽象概念)擬作人,使其具有人的外表、個性或情感的這樣的修辭手段。如1.)Thirsty soil drank in the rain.飢渴的土壤在雨中暢飲。 2.)Did you see the anger of the tempest?你看到暴風雨的憤怒嗎? 3.)The flowers nodded in the breeze.花兒在微風中點頭。
4.Metonymy轉喻:是指一個詞或片語被另一個與之有緊密聯系的詞或片語替換的修辭方法.如1.He is fond of the bottle.他喜歡喝酒2.Grey hairs should be respected.老人應受到尊重
5.Synecdoche 提喻,它包括以部分代替整體,以整體代替部分,以某種事物代替某類事物,以某類事物代替某種事物,或者以原材料的名稱代替由其製成的東西。如1、以部分代全體
They were short of hands at harvest time.收獲季節他們缺少勞力。這里以 Hand(手)代替 worker, laborer(工人)。2)以全體代部分England won the football game.
英格蘭隊贏了足球賽。這里以England(英格蘭)代替England Football Team(英格蘭足球隊)。3)、以一種事物代替一類事物Oh, the spring should vanish with the rose!
哦,春天隨著花兒的調零而消逝!這里用rose玫瑰代替flowers(花)4)用一類事物代替一種事物
Nearly 4.8 million vehicles rolled off the assembly lines, 20000 more than in 1988.
有近480萬汽車開下生產線,比1988年多兩萬輛。此句以vehicle(交通工具)指代「汽車」。5)、用原材料代替其製品Do you have any coppers?你有零錢嗎?6)以個體代替一類
This young man is very clever; he may be another Edison.
這個年輕人很聰明,他可能成為另一個愛迪生。
6.paradox(似非而是的雋語)表面上自相矛盾但實質上入情入理的闡述。Paradox 的作用在於可以造成警句,發人深省;能鮮明的表現人物特殊的性格,情操;能生動的刻畫人物的心理,氣質和情狀;還可用於廣告,文章的題目,吸引讀者,耐人尋味。例如
I find no peace, and all my war is done;
I fear and hope, I burn and freeze like ice;
I flee above the wind, yet can I not arise;
And nought I have and all the world I season.我結束了戰爭,卻找不到和平,
我發燒又發冷,希望混著恐怖,
我乘風飛翔,又離不開泥土,
我佔有整個世界,卻兩手空空;
詩人把互相對立的概念巧妙的聯系在一起,使得自己要表達的思想鮮明生動,耐人尋味。
The Child is father of the Man. 嬰兒是成人的父親。The Child is father of the Man 的意思不僅是說每個人都先有童年才有成年,而且成年人性情中純潔美好的部分都保持了在童年時期形成的東西。
7.An oxymoron矛盾修飾法 .用兩種不相調和或截然相反的詞語來形容某一事物, 在矛盾中尋求哲理, 這種修辭手法叫做矛盾修飾法。例如proud humility 驕傲的謙卑painful pleasure 悲喜交集sour-sweet days酸甜的日子a love-hate relationship 又愛又恨的關系a life-and-death struggle 生死存亡的斗爭
8.Hyperbole 誇張:是在客觀事實的基礎上,對事物進行言過其實的描述或誇大或縮小,藉以突出事物的某種特徵或品格,鮮明地表達思想情感的修辭方式。Eg:He is so mean,he won't let his little baby have more than one measle at a time.他吝嗇極了,竟然不肯讓他的小嬰孩一次出一粒以上的麻疹The noise was loud enough to wake the dead.聲音大得足夠把死人驚醒。
A young girl brought the house down with a ballet dance.一位年輕姑娘跳了芭蕾,博得全場喝彩
I love you. You are the whole world to me, and the moon and the stars……
我愛你。你是我的一切,你是月亮和星星

⑸ 一道英語句子修辭手法分析題

註:下列題號(1.2.3.……)分別對應填空1、填空2、填空3、……;而括弧中的序號x表示需要填入的修辭手法的序號。
1. antithesis(對比,序號3)這句使用了三個主系表句型,對於人生三個階段進行對比解讀。如果修辭手法選項里還有排比的話也可以算上;

2. inversion(倒裝,序號6)well is it known是典型的倒裝句式,well提前至句首然後be動詞也相應前置。這一句其實也可以算作personification(擬人,序號10),因為creep和soar都是抽象的ambition所無法完成的動作,如果這道題可以填一個及以上的序號,推薦6和10都填;
3. rhythm(尾韻,序號13)單詞action和ostentation都是-tion結尾的名詞,尾韻相同;
4. alliteration(頭韻,序號1)單詞attitude,aptitude和altitude都是[æ]音開頭的詞,所以算頭韻;其實這三個詞的尾韻也是一致的-tude,如果能都填的話建議序號1和13都填;
5. paradox(看似矛盾的雋語,序號9)hate和love構成了句意上的矛盾,「雋語」這種修辭就是利用矛盾的句意表示深遠的含義;
6. rhetorical question(設問,序號12)英文中的「設問」修辭和咱們中文的設問不太一樣,包括我們中文意義上的疑問、反問和設問三部分,基本上是看見問號都能算在裡面;
7. chiasmus(交叉,序號4)可以看到前後兩句是互為顛倒的語序,英文中的「交叉」修辭更像是我們中文修辭里的「迴文」;
8. personification(擬人,序號10)news沒有辦法長翅膀,也沒有辦法隨風而去,這里就是將它擬人(擬物)化的手法;
9. simile(明喻,序號14)明喻與暗喻的最大不同在於,明喻有明顯可見的比喻詞like「像」,而暗喻直接就會用be動詞「是」,依據這一點我們就可以區分本題和第13題啦;
10. anaphora(句首重復,序號2)英語修辭「句首重復」指的是連續多個句子的句首使用相同的詞語,本句的兩個分句都可看作以cease開頭,所以是句首重復;
11. hyperbole(誇張,序號5)句意是「把你的馬車直指星星(面向星空)」,意為要樹立遠大志向,使用了誇張的手法;
12. repetition(反復,序號11)使用了多個try的反復,很容易判斷;
13. metaphor(暗喻,序號8)判斷方法見第9空,這里不再贅述;
14. irony(反語諷刺,序號7)前半句的diligent與後文的每個月讀書時間不超過1小時形成具有諷刺效果的反差,可以看出diligent這個詞是可以加引號的「勤奮」,其實是在諷刺這個學生了,所以運用了反語的修辭。
滿意請採納,如果還有不明白的地方歡迎追問,我們一起討論呀!

⑹ [高分]求:28種常考英語修辭格的理解方法、例句及練習。

以下是英譯,更准確:
Figures of speech (修辭)are ways of making our language figurative. When we use words in other than their ordinary or literal sense to lend force to an idea, to heighten effect, or to create suggestive imagery, we are said to be speaking or writing figuratively. Now we are going to talk about some common forms of figures of speech.
1) Simile:(明喻)It is a figure of speech which makes a comparison between two unlike elements having at least one quality or characteristic (特性)in common. To make the comparison, words like as, as...as, as if and like are used to transfer the quality we associate with one to the other. For example, As cold waters to a thirsty soul, so is good news from a far country.
2) Metaphor:(暗喻)It is like a simile, also makes a comparison between two unlike elements, but unlike a simile, this comparison is implied rather than stated. For example, the world is a stage.
3) Analogy: (類比)It is also a form of comparison, but unlike simile or metaphor which usually uses comparison on one point of resemblance, analogy draws a parallel between two unlike things that have several common qualities or points of resemblance.
4) Personification:(擬人)It gives human form of feelings to animals, or life and personal attributes(賦予) to inanimate(無生命的) objects, or to ideas and abstractions(抽象). For example, the wind whistled through the trees.
5) Hyperbole:(誇張) It is the deliberate use of overstatement or exaggeration to achieve emphasis. For instance, he almost died laughing.
6) Understatement:(含蓄陳述) It is the opposite of hyperbole, or overstatement. It achieves its effect of emphasizing a fact by deliberately(故意地) understating it, impressing the listener or the reader more by what is merely implied or left unsaid than by bare statement. For instance, It is no laughing matter.
7) Euphemism:(委婉) It is the substitution of an agreeable or inoffensive(無冒犯) expression for one that may offend or suggest something unpleasant. For instance, we refer to "die" as " pass away".
8) Metonymy (轉喻) It is a figure of speech that has to do with the substitution of the mane of one thing for that of another. For instance, the pen (words) is mightier than the sword (forces).
9) Synecdoche (提喻) It is involves the substitution of the part for the whole, or the whole for the part. For instance, they say there's bread and work for all. She was dressed in silks.
10) Antonomasia (換喻)It has also to do with substitution. It is not often mentioned now, though it is still in frequent use. For example, Solomon for a wise man. Daniel for a wise and fair judge. Judas for a traitor.
11) Pun: (雙關語) It is a play on words, or rather a play on the form and meaning of words. For instance, a cannon-ball took off his legs, so he laid down his arms. (Here "arms" has two meanings: a person's body; weapons carried by a soldier.)
12) Syllepsis:(一語雙敘) It has two connotations.
In the first case, it is a figure by which a word, or a particular form or inflection of a word, refers to two or more words in the same sentence, while properly applying to or agreeing with only on of them in grammar or syntax(句法). For example, He addressed you and me, and desired us to follow him. (Here us is used to refer to you and me.)
In the second case, it a word may refer to two or more words in the same sentence. For example, while he was fighting , and losing limb and mind, and dying, others stayed behind to pursue ecation and career. (Here to losing one's limbs in literal; to lose one's mind is figurative, and means to go mad.)
13) Zeugma: (軛式搭配) It is a single word which is made to modify or to govern two or more words in the same sentence, wither properly applying in sense to only one of them, or applying to them in different senses. For example, The sun shall not burn you by day, nor the moon by night. (Here noon is not strong enough to burn)
14) Irony: (反語) It is a figure of speech that achieves emphasis by saying the opposite of what is meant, the intended meaning of the words being the opposite of their usual sense. For instance, we are lucky, what you said makes me feel real good.
15) Innuendo:(暗諷) It is a mild form of irony, hinting in a rather roundabout (曲折)way at something disparaging(不一致) or uncomplimentary(不贊美) to the person or subject mentioned. For example, the weatherman said it would be worm. He must take his readings in a bathroom.
16) Sarcasm: (諷刺) It Sarcasm is a strong form of irony. It attacks in a taunting and bitter manner, and its aim is to disparage, ridicule and wound the feelings of the subject attacked. For example, laws are like cobwebs, which may catch small flies, but let wasps break through.
17) Paradox: (似非而是的雋語) It is a figure of speech consisting of a statement or proposition which on the face of it seems self-contradictory, absurd or contrary to established fact or practice, but which on further thinking and study may prove to be true, well-founded, and even to contain a succinct point. For example more haste, less speed.
18) Oxymoron:(矛盾修飾) It is a compressed paradox, formed by the conjoining(結合) of two contrasting, contradictory or incongruous(不協調) terms as in bitter-sweet memories, orderly chaos(混亂) and proud humility(侮辱).
19) Antithesis:(對照) It is the deliberate arrangement of contrasting words or ideas in balanced structural forms to achieve emphasis. For example, speech is silver; silence is golden.
20) Epigram: (警句) It states a simple truth pithily(有利地) and pungently(強烈地). It is usually terse and arouses interest and surprise by its deep insight into certain aspects of human behavior or feeling. For instance, Few, save the poor, feel for the poor.
21) Climax: (漸進) It is derived from the Greek word for "ladder" and implies the progression of thought at a uniform or almost uniform rate of significance or intensity, like the steps of a ladder ascending evenly. For example, I came, I saw, I conquered.
22) Anti-climax or bathos:(突降)It is the opposite of Climax. It involves stating one's thoughts in a descending order of significance or intensity, from strong to weak, from weighty to light or frivolous. For instance, But thousands die, without or this or that, die, and endow(賦予) a college, or a cat.
23) Apostrophe:(頓呼) In this figure of speech, a thing, place, idea or person (dead or absent) is addressed as if present, listening and understanding what is being said. For instance, England! awake! awake! awake!
24) Transferred Epithet:(轉類形容詞) It is a figure of speech where an epithet (an adjective or descriptive phrase) is transferred from the noun it should rightly modify(修飾) to another to which it does not really apply or belong. For instance, I spent sleepless nights on my project.
25) Alliteration:(頭韻) It has to do with the sound rather than the sense of words for effect. It is a device that repeats the same sound at frequent intervals(間隔) and since the sound repeated is usually the initial consonant sound, it is also called "front rhyme". For instance, the fair breeze blew, the white foam flew, the furrow followed free.
26) Onomatopoeia:(擬聲) It is a device that uses words which imitate the sounds made by an object (animate or inanimate), or which are associated with or suggestive(提示的) of some action or movement.
Selected from Figures of Speech by Feng Cuihua

以下是部分的中文:
反語 (Irony) 英語修辭格irony就是說反話,用反面的話來表達正面的意思。這種修辭格可用來進行諷刺,但多數是用來表達一種善意的幽默或俏皮,故意說出與本意相反的話,例如: ● Slowly the old lady stooped to pick it (the cheque ) up. Her present, her lovely present. With trembling fingers she tore it into little bits. (老太太慢慢地彎下腰,把支票從地上撿起來,她的禮物,她的可愛的禮物!用顫抖的手指把它撕得粉碎。) 老太太八十歲壽辰那天,急切地盼望女兒回家看望她,稍稍安慰她那顆孤寂的心,然而盼來的卻是女兒的一張冷冰冰的支票,這當然不是老人心愛的禮物。故此處her lovely present 是典型的irony,是句反話。 ● She was not so young as I expected and in appearance imposing rather than attractive.(她並不如我想像的那麼年輕。她的外表與其說吸引人,不如說是令人難忘。)imposing意指因為外貌、形體而使人印象深刻,作者在此以諷刺挖苦的口吻來描述一個貪吃而肥胖的女人。
仿擬(Parody) 根據家喻戶曉的成語或諺語,臨時更換其中的某個部分,造成新的成語或諺語;或者根據古今名言警句,在保持其原句不變的情況下,更換其中部分詞語,這種修辭方式叫仿擬。例如: ● To lie or not to lie-the doctor's dilemma(撒謊還是不撒謊--醫生的難題) 看到這個標題,我們不禁想起莎翁戲劇Hamlet中那個永遠也解不透的句子「To be or not to be, that is the question」。顯然,文章的題目由此模仿而來,給人印象深刻。 ● Lady hermits who are down but not out(窮困而不潦倒的女隱士們)文中的down but not out 源於down and out, 原是拳擊比賽的術語,後來喻指窮困潦倒的人。
矛盾修辭法 (Oxymoron) 用兩種不相調和,甚至截然相反的特徵來形容一項事物,在矛盾中尋求哲理,以便收到奇警的修辭效果,這就是矛盾修辭法,用這種方法,語言精煉簡潔,富有哲理,並產生強大的邏輯力量,產生一種出人意料,引人入勝的效果。例如: ● A miserable, merry Christmas(悲喜交加的聖誕節)。聖誕節那天,故事主人公小男孩經歷了從痛苦的邊緣到幸福的頂峰的過程。因此,父母精心安排的聖誕節既是最糟的,又是最好的。
頭韻 (Alliteration) 與前面幾種修辭方式不同,頭韻是一種語音修辭方式,它指一組詞、一句話或一行詩中重復出現開頭字母相同的單詞,常用於文章的標題、詩歌及廣告語中,簡明生動,起到突出重點,加深印象,平衡節奏,宣洩感情的作用。例如: ● A miserable, merry Christmas ● Profits of praise

明喻 (Simile) 明喻是一種最簡單、最常見的修辭方法,是以兩種具有共同特徵的事物或現象進行對比,表明本體和喻體的關系,兩者都在對比中出現,其基本格式是「A像B」,常用的比喻詞有as, like, as if, as though 等。例如: ● He jumped back as if he had been stung, and the blood rushed into his wrinkled face.(他往後一跳,好像被什麼東西叮了一下似的,他那張布滿皺紋的臉頓時漲得通紅。) 在《品嘗家》一文中老人對「我」的慷慨施捨的反應如同被蜜蜂叮過一樣,生動地刻畫出一個處境凄涼內心卻極度敏感的可憐老人的形象。 ● The cheque fluttered to the floor like a bird with a broken wing. (支票跌落到地上,像一隻斷了翅膀的小鳥。) 《禮物》一文中,老太太喜迎八十大壽,大女兒不來慶祝,只寄來一張支票。作者把這張支票比作斷了翅膀的小鳥,形象地表達出此刻老太太希望破滅,極度傷心的心情。
暗喻 (Metaphor) 暗喻也是一種比喻,但不用比喻詞,因此被稱作縮減了的明喻(a compressed simile)。它直接把一種事物名稱用在另一事物上,從而更生動、更深刻地說明事理,增強語言的表現力。例如: ● What will parents do without the electronic baby-sitter? (如果沒有這位電子保姆,父母該怎麼辦呢?) 形象地說明了電視機的保姆功用。 ● ... while most of us are only too ready to apply to others the cold wind of criticism, we are somehow reluctant to give our fellows the warm sunshine of praise.(……但是我們中的很多人太容易給別人批評的冷風,而不願意給自己的同伴贊揚的陽光。)作者把批評比作冷風,把贊揚比作溫暖的陽光,生動形象,寓意雋永。
轉喻 (Metonymy) 轉喻(即借代)是通過相近的聯想,借喻體代替本體。例如: ● My 15 students read Emerson, Thoreau, and Huxley.(我的十五位學生讀了愛默生、梭羅和赫胥黎的作品。)這是典型的轉喻,以人名借代作品。 ● Against the Oval Earth man, the first card I can play is the analogy of the sun and moon. (面對「地球卵形說」者,我能打的第一張牌是,太陽和月亮的相似性。)文中作者用具體第一張牌來借代抽象的「第一個論據」,更加生動形象,淺顯易懂, 也使語言新鮮活潑,富有表現力。
擬人 (Personification) 擬人是把人類的特點、特性加於外界事物上,使之人格化的修辭格。例如: ● ... four evergreen shrubs stood at each corner, where they struggled to survive the st and fumes from a busy main road.(……四叢常綠灌木分別位於每個角落,它們忍受著從繁忙的大街上吹來的塵煙,掙扎著活下去。)「掙扎」是有生命的物體的動作,作者給自然的花草賦予了生命,使它人格化。 ● But the houses were cold, closed, unfriendly.(可是那些房子冷漠無情,門窗緊閉,一點也不友好。)house本來是沒有感情的,作者通過擬人的手法,表現房子里人的冷漠無情。
誇張 (Hyperbole) 誇張是一種故意言過其實,或誇大或縮小事物的形象,藉以突出事物的某種特徵或品格,鮮明地表達思想情感的修辭方式。用於描寫可以使形象更生動突出,渲染氣氛,烘托意境,給讀者留下深刻、鮮明的印象。例如: ● Vingo sat stunned, looking at the oak tree. It was covered with yellow handkerchiefs - 20 of them, 30 of them, maybe hundreds.(文戈坐在那兒望著橡樹驚呆了。樹上掛滿了黃手絹--二十條,三十條,或許幾百條。)此句中20 of them, 30 of them, maybe hundreds就是運用了誇張的手法,主觀地渲染了氣氛。 ● She gave me the impression of having more teeth, white and large and even, than were necessary for any practical purpose.(她給我的印象是:她有一口潔白整齊的大牙,為數之多已超過任何實際需要。)在這里作者通過誇張的描述,使一個貪婪好吃的女性形象躍然紙上。

⑺ 英語修辭問題

assonance(協音):重復某個發音相同或相似的音節,比如例句中的Thy/thy和-dom/done。
eg: Thy kingdom come, thy will be done.
synesis 表示單詞的搭配符合邏輯,但不符合語法,比如例句中的anyone和them。
eg: If anyone calls, tell them I am out.
paradox(佯謬):似是而非、或者似非而是的表達,比如例句中關於youth的看法。
eg: Less is more.
metanoia: 表示自我修正,correction,修正自己前面說的一句話。(這是我自己理解)
eg: I will murder you. You whall be punished.
aporia(假裝疑問):假裝表示疑問,做出對某件事情好象不太肯定的樣子,比如例句的最後部分。
eg: Then the steward said within himself, 'What shall I do?'
asyndeton(連接詞省略):省略單詞、短語或從句之間的連接詞,比如例句省略了兩個連接詞and。
eg: But, in a larger sense, we cannot dedicate, we cannot consecrate, we cannot hallow this ground.
cacophony和euphony 我也在找...
cacophony(雜音):使用一組發音不和諧的單詞,以便讓人聽著不舒服,比如例句中的一組單詞。
eg: We want no parlay with you and your grisly gang who work your wicked will.
euphony: 悅耳的音調; 諧音,使發音變容易的趨勢,與cacophony相反。
我考研也遇到這些,有時間可以交流下。

⑻ 英語修辭

它主要指那些沒有相對固定格式的修辭性寫作技巧,它與語法、語言結構和詞彙的關系密切,只是為了修辭和立意新穎的緣故,對之做了一些調整。舉一種情況進行說明:為了增加文采,強化文章的表現力,常常避免重復使用同一個詞彙,而另選他詞。這種無固定格式可循的消極修辭手段被稱為Elegant Variation(求雅換詞)。

消極修辭(Passive Rhetoric Techniques)
求雅換詞的手法之一是大字小用,或小詞大用。如:Don』t take the low-fat label as a license to eat. 句子寫得精彩,最難忘的是其中license一詞。它是用途很廣的大詞。用在這里給人一種「頭小帽大」的感覺,新穎別致。譯文很難挽留此韻。(不能因為食品標明低脂肪,而敞開食用。)再如:If the term sounds unscientific to 20th-century ears,let us remember there is a definite connection between marshy lands and malaria… (如果這個術語對生活在20世紀的人聽來不科學的話,那就讓我們記住在沼澤地和瘧疾之間有一定的聯系……)。

積極修辭(Active Rhetoric Techniques)
詞義修辭格 (Lexical Stylistic Devices)
結構修辭格
(Syntactical Stylistic Devices) repetition(反復),catchword repetition(聯珠),chiasmus(迴文),parallelism(平行結構),antithesis(反對),rhetoric question(設問),anticlimax(突降)
音韻修辭格
(Phonetic Stylistic Devices) alliteration(頭韻),onomatopoeia(擬聲)

希望對你有幫助哦~

⑼ 判斷英語修辭手法題

修辭手法與漢語大同小異。沒必要特殊對待。抓住關鍵聯系詞是捷徑

⑽ 求英語大神找出以下兩段英語的修辭手法和寫作手法

修辭手法:contradiction對比
寫作手法:narriation 記敘

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