Ⅰ 英語固定搭配的問題
一)固定結構:
1. allow doing (區別:allow sb. to do sth.)
2. keep doing
3. keep /carry on doing
4. keep sb. doing
5. enjoy doing (He enjoys nothing but playing the computer.)
6. finish doing
7. be afraid of doing
8. be worth doing (This piece of music is worth listening to.)
9. be busy doing (They are busy getting ready for the New Year』s Eve.)
10. be/get/become used to doing (We are used to living in the countryside. )
11. dislike doing (She dislikes doing housework.)
12. how about doing//what about doing
13. spend some time (in)doing
14. spend some money (in) buying
15. feel like doing
16. stop/keep/prevent … from doing
17. thank you for doing
18. thanks for doing
19. do some cooking/cleaning/reading/shopping/washing
20. go swimming/fishing/shopping/skating/boating
21. mind doing
22. prefer doing … to doing…
23. practise (practice) doing (He practices speaking English every day.)
24. can』t help doing
25. have fun/difficulty/trouble/problem doing sth.
26. waste time/money doing
27. instead of doing
28. miss doing
29. look forward to doing期望(渴望)做某事 (I'm looking forward to getting your letter.)
30. thank…for doing
31. leave sb./sth. doing (His parents leave his staying at home on weekend.)
二)need, require, want譯作「需要」時,跟動詞-ing作賓語,主動表示被動,相當於to be done,如:
1.The windows require cleaning. (The windows require to be cleaned. )
2.The patient needs operating on at once.(The patient needs to be operated on. )
3.The flowers want watering. (The flowers want to be watered. )
三)動詞-ing在句中作表語:
Our plan is setting up a new car factory.
My job is teaching/driving.
這類詞作表語,起解釋說明主語的作用,主表可顛倒:Teaching is my job. 轉換成問句,用what提問:
——What's your job?
——My job is teaching.
四)動詞-ing作定語:表示被修飾名詞的用途:
There are two reading rooms in our school library.
a reading room其含義是A room is used for reading.
The swimming pool in our school is nearly completed.
the swimming pool其含義是The pool is used for swimming.
五)下面短語中的to是介詞,後面只能跟名詞或動名詞:
get down to(著手干……),lead to (通向,導致),object to(反對),pay attention to (注意),look forward to (盼望),be used to (習慣於),stick to (堅持),prefer …to …等。
〔誤〕 His whole family objected to his give up the job.
〔正〕 His whole family objected to his giving up the job.
look out (for) 小心
watch out (for) 小心
wear(**)out 使疲勞;勞累
leave out 省去;遺漏;忽略
work out(well) 很成功;結果是好的
turn out 生產; 證明是
put out 撲滅;生產;出版;趕走
take out 拿出
pull out 拉出;掏出; 拔出;抽出;取出;(車,船)駛出
pick out 選出;領會;弄明白
pay out 付出;得到報應
make out 看清;理解;斷定
keep out 把…擋在外邊
hold out 伸出;支撐;提出
hand out 分發;施捨
go out (燈、火)熄滅;(年、月)結束;(衣著)過時;倒塌;罷工
carry out (the plan / the policy) 實施;執行
break out 爆發
give out 發出(氣味、熱)等;分發;耗盡;疲勞
check out 結賬離開
call out 大聲叫喊
drop out 輟學;掉落
come out 出來;花開放;出版; 得…名次
get out (使)出去;逃脫;(消息等)泄露;說出;公布
think out 想出
let out 泄漏(機密); 發出(喊叫)
point out 指出
blow up 告吹;發脾氣;(風雨)等發生
break up 破碎;結束;(士氣)衰弱;(關系)破裂
bring up 培養;養育;嘔吐
call up 給…打電話;使人想起
come up 走近;發芽;提出來; 出現(問題;建議);上樓
cover up 掩蓋;包庇
cut up 切碎;使…難過
get up 起床;起立;(風、浪、火)大起來;打扮;安排;組織
check up=check through=check over 核對;檢查
give up 放棄;把…送交;使埋頭於…
go up 上升;漲價;修建;增長
hang up / off 掛起;掛斷電話
hold up 舉起;豎起;支撐;使停頓;使延誤
keep up 保持;繼續(某活動)
look up 抬頭看;查閱;看望;(身體)好轉
make up 彌補;賠償;編造;組成;虛構
pull up 拔出;拔掉;使車停住;停車
pick up 舉起;拾起;(身體)好轉;中途接入;
(非正式)學會;偶然發現/買到/得知/養成習慣等
wind up 上緊(鍾表)發條;使緊張;興奮;結束
put up 舉起;蓋起;支起;張貼;投宿
shut up 關門;關在裡面;閉嘴
show up=turn up 露面
take up 著手; 佔有(時間, 空間)
turn up 出現;放大(燈光,收音機,煤氣等)
work up 激發(情感)
wrap up 席捲而去; 包起來
think up 想出
use up 用完
make up 化妝; 編造
save up 節省
eat up 吃光
stay up / sit up 熬夜不睡覺
light up 照亮; (臉上)呈現高興的情緒
look up 抬頭看; 查找; 好轉
blow off 吹掉;埋怨;炸掉
break off 突然中斷;停止;與…斷絕關系
call off 叫走;取消
carry off 奪走;搶走;獲得獎品; 叼走
come off 脫落;舉行;結果
cut off 切下;剪下;切斷
cross off/out 勾掉;劃掉
die off 相繼死去
fall off 跌落;減少;脫落;衰退
knock off 撞落; 撞倒
get off 下來;下車;脫下(衣服);(飛機)起飛
give off 發出;放出
go off (to…) 熄滅; 動身去某地; 炸鍋
hang off / back 憂郁;畏縮
hold off 推遲;抵擋;不使…接近
keep off 避開;防止;擋住
leave off 停止;中斷
pay off 還清;償還掉
put off 推遲;延期
shut off 關掉;切斷電源
take off 脫下; 起飛
turn off 關掉;切斷;取消
wipe off 擦掉;還清(債務)
blow down 吹倒;吹落
break down 出故障;失敗;崩潰; 分解
bring down 使下降;使泄氣
come down 下來;下降
cut down 減少開支;砍倒
die down (風、雨、火、植物,浪)平息
fall down 落下;跌到;倒塌;失敗;證明是不行的
go down (價格)下降;(日、月)落下;(風、浪)平靜;(船)下沉;倒閉
hand down 遞給;傳遞下來;世代相傳
hold down 制止;控制;縮減
put down 寫下;記下;鎮壓;放下
shut down (指工廠)關閉;停工
take down 記下來; 取下來;拆除;咽下
turn down 拒絕;關小;調低
let ** down 使… 失望
bring about 導致;產生;發生
come about 產生;造成
hang about/around 閑逛;逗留;徘徊
check over 核對;檢查
come over 走過來
take over 接管; 接替; 繼承
think over 仔細考慮;思考一下
turn over 翻開;翻身;移交
go over 越過;細看;復習;轉向;被翻倒
get over 爬過(山、牆);克服(困難、偏見)熬過;從…恢復過來;做完; 瀏覽
look over one』s shoulder 看過去
roll over 翻滾;翻身
fall over 絆了一跤
take away 拿走
get away (from) 逃脫;離開;出發;把…送走;寄走
blow away 吹走;吹散
break away from 脫離(政黨)等;放棄;打破(陳規)
carry away 運走;使失去自製力
die away (風、聲音)減弱
give away 分發;贈送;出賣;放棄(機會)等
go away 走開;離去;(歲月)流逝;死去
keep away from… 使避開;使遠離
pass away 去世;消失;度過
put away 把…收起來;存好;放置暫時不用
run away 逃走;攜帶…逃走
fade away 褪色; 慢慢褪去
wash away 洗掉;(洪水)沖垮
stay away from 離… 遠點
shy away from 退出; 躲避
bring back 拿回;使…回想起
call back / ring back 回電話
turn back 回來
get back 回來;恢復;要回; 帶回
fight back 反擊
put back 放回原處;撥回時鍾;延期推遲
take back 收回
kick back 踢回
pay back 償還
write back 回信
give back 歸還;送回;恢復;後退
come back to life 恢復健康
look back on… 回憶;回顧
throw back 扔回去
draw back 後退
其他常用片語(to為介詞)
object to 反對 attend to 辦理;處理;注意聽;照顧
look forward to 期待;盼望 be opposed to 反對
devote… to 貢獻給… stick to 堅持
lead to 導致 pay attention to 注意到
be related to 與…有關 be limited to 限制到…
be applied to 應用於… see to 注意做到;務必做到; 負責…
refer to 提到; 指的是 turn to 翻到; 求助於
Ⅱ 英語論文寫作要如何避免動詞和主詞搭配錯誤
英語學術論文寫作是很多大學生(特別是海外學生)需要掌握的一個技能,一篇文筆簡潔優雅的論文對於提高被採納發表的成功率會有很大幫助。但目前的情況是,很多人並沒有受過專門的學術論文寫作訓練,在寫論文時經常會出現各種各樣的語言問題。今天的文章主要談一談英文學術論文寫作中的常見錯誤,希望對你有所幫助。
總體來說,學術論文寫作跟其他類型的英文寫作一樣,都要遵循清晰簡潔的原則,這一原則主要有以下體現:
1.主動語態與被動語態
英文中的主動語態特點是簡潔有力,動作發出者明確,而被動語態特點是較為冗長且有時候看不出動作的發出者是誰(比如Measures should be taken to address this issue. 從這個句子裡面我們無法確定應該是誰採取行動)。在學術論文中,很多地方都要明確指出動作的發出主體(比如實驗是誰操作的,數據是誰測量的),且語言要盡可能簡潔。因此,學術論文中應該多使用主動語態。
類似下面的句子:
(1) Consideration of whether countries work well on cross-border issues such as immigration was undertaken by Raul (2007).
(2) Identification of poor food, bad housing, inadequate hygiene, and large families as the major causes of poverty was made by Jones (2005).
應該改為:
(1) Raul (2007) consideredwhether or not countries work well on cross-border issues such as immigration.
(2) Jones (2005)identifiedpoor food, bad housing, inadequate hygiene, and large families as the major causes of poverty.
那麼有沒有需要使用被動語態的情況呢?
有。當我們無法明確動作的發出者,或者需要強調動作本身而不是強調動作發出者的時候,就可以使用被動語態。比如:
(1) Up to 90% of the energy in light bulbs is wasted in the form of heat.
(2) The first edition of Freud』s earliest writings on dreams was published in 1899.
第一個句子裡面waste這個動作的發出者無法明確(也沒必要明確),第二個句子裡面誰出版了Freud的作品並不重要,因此也沒有必要使用主動語態來說明出版商是誰。
2.比較句
我們知道,在英語比較句中有時候可以省略被比較主體後面的動詞,比如:
On average, men are taller than women are.
可以省略為:
On average, men are taller than women.
但這種省略有時候會造成歧義,舉個例子:
Women prefer friendly doctors more than men do.
如果我們將do省略的話,會變成:
Women prefer friendly doctors more than men.
此時句子會產生歧義,因為它可以有兩種不同的理解:
Women prefer friendly doctors more than men prefer friendly doctors. 女人比男人更喜歡友善的醫生。
Women prefer friendly doctors more than they prefer men. 比起喜歡男人,女人更喜歡友善的醫生。
為了避免歧義,我們應該保持比較句型形式上的完整。類似這樣的句子:
(1) The finance department focuses on profits more than the human resources department.
(2) Country A funds high-tech innovation more than Country B.
應該改為:
(1) The finance department focuses on profits more than the human resources department does.
(2) Country A funds high-tech innovation more than Country B does.
3.使用動詞而不是名詞
英語中動詞通常要比名詞要簡潔,因為名詞本身看不出動作,經常需要額外的動詞去修飾它。比如要表達「做出貢獻」,使用名詞形式我們要說make contributions to,但如果用動詞只需要說contribute,在論文寫作中能使用動詞的場合盡量使用動詞,以保持文章的簡潔。類似下面這樣的句子:
(1) Enumeration of three reasons why the English language has become so important was made by Thompson (2006).
( 2) Discussion of the challenges and strategies for facilitation and promotion of ERP was performed by Smith (2007).
需要改為:
(1) Thompson (2006) enumeratedthree reasons why the English language has become so important.
(2) Smith (2007) discussedthe challenges and strategies forfacilitatingand promotingERP.
4.減少there be句型以及it的使用
There be句型可能是中國學生最熟悉的句型之一,但大部分there be句型都不夠簡潔,可以使用其他形式來替換。比如:
There is a necessity for a semi-structured approach to be chosen.
可以改為更加簡潔的版本:
A semi-structured approach must be chosen.
又比如:
There is a need for implementation of the policy on a larger scale by the president of the association.
可以改為:
The association president must implement the policy on a larger scale.
對於形式主語it,我們也可以進行精簡,比如:
(1) It is essential that the model be revised.
(2) It was important for the government to intervene.
可以改為:
(1) The model must be revised.
(2) The government must intervene.
5.Misplaced modifiers
Misplaced modifiers是指將修飾語放在錯誤的地方,從而產生歧義的現象。舉個例子:
I was told that I would be awarded the scholarship by my professor.
這句話因為by my professor這一修飾語放置不當而產生了歧義。它可以理解為「我被我的教授告知我會獲得獎學金」,也可以理解為「我被告知我的教授會授予我獎學金」。避免歧義的方法是調整by my professor的位置,比如:
I was told by my professor that I would be awarded the scholarship.
類似的例子還有:
A team led by Dr. Craig Smith from the University of Hawaii at Manoa found the crabs using a remotely operated submersible.
這句話同樣有歧義,因為using a remotely operated submersible可以理解為螃蟹發出的動作,也可以理解為研究團隊發出的動作。為了避免歧義,句子可以改為:
A team led by Dr. Craig Smith from the University of Hawaii at Manoa used a remotely operated submersible to find the crabs.
6.慎用代名詞
我們有時候會用代名詞來指代前面提到的名詞或是句子成分,但它有個缺點:讀者有時候很難確定代名詞究竟指代哪一部分。學術論文寫作要求清晰嚴謹,因此使用代名詞時一定要謹慎,必要時可以對代名詞進行替換。比如:
A case study approach was chosen; thisallowed a closer observation of a single specimen.
句子中this可能指代a case study approach,也可能指代a case study approach was chosen這一整句話,為了使句意清晰,我們可以將句子改為:
A case study approach was chosen to allow a closer observation of a single specimen.
又比如:
X substantially alters Y. Thissuggests that Y can be modified using the proposed model.
句子可以改為更清晰的版本:
X substantially alters Y. This findingsuggests that Y can be modified using the proposed model.
7.避免使用可能會造成性別歧視的代名詞
在使用he, she, his, her, him這類代名詞時,應避免出現只偏袒一方情況,舉個例子:
When a politician campaigns for office, hemust spend considerable funds to compete with his opponents.
這里代名詞只提及到了男性一方,為了避免出現性別歧視,我們可以使用名詞和代詞的復數形式:
When politicians campaign for office, theymust spend considerable funds to compete with theiropponents.
或者將句子中的代名詞去掉:
A politician whocampaigns for office must spend considerable funds to compete with opponents.
同時,在使用一些名詞的時候也要注意性別問題,比如要表達「人類」,用humankind會比用mankind好一點,因為mankind帶有一定的性別色彩,一些人會質疑為什麼只有mankind而沒有womankind,而使用humankind會顯得公平很多。
希望能幫助到你,望採納!
Ⅲ 英語搭配問題 只與動名詞搭配的詞和短語都有哪些
mind enjoy finish practise avoid escape keep appreciate imagine delay miss suggest risk consider feel like have fun can't help keep (on) be used to be worth put off thanks for think of give up aim at put off insist on persist in be good at do well in keep on leave off be tired/afraid/capable/fond of look forward to
親:每天都開心專V_V!屬
thanks!
Ⅳ 英語寫作介詞搭配的問題 具體問題寫在圖片上了
太羅嗦
The chart implies that the number … has greatly changed.
Ⅳ 英語:單詞搭配問題。
1、He said in a 【?】voice
high 和 loud 都可以用,但是所表達的意思不同。
a high voice指以超出正常內高度發出的不柔和聲音,意容思是「尖銳的聲音」
a loud voice指以高音量和強烈為特徵的發出的聲音,意思是「宏亮的聲音」。
2、「小聲地」可以用 in a low voice、below one's breath 或 in a pig's whisper
Ⅵ 英語詞語搭配問題
建議找一本語法書來看,上面說的更詳細.
1. 簡單來說,形容詞修飾名回詞: a BIG apple
名詞可以答修飾名詞, the GENERATION gap
副詞可以修飾動詞, increase SLIGHTLY
副詞修飾形容詞,EXTREMLY big
副詞修飾整個句子:CONSEQUENTLY,he cannot finished his task.
動詞加ING或是變ED後可作形容詞來用: This class is BORING. I feel BORED.
2. 普通句子主要分 主 謂 賓 和 主 系 表 兩種結構,除去祈使句和倒裝句等特殊句式。
有名詞性質的一般來說都可以作為主語:名詞,動名詞,不定式,主語從句
謂語是動詞
系動詞也是動詞的一種,但比較特殊,系動詞不多,建議背過。後一般加形容詞。It TASTES bad!
賓語的分類也很細,單賓雙賓,一下子說不全,建議看看書,或者上網搜索一下。
表語:表語從句,過去分詞,形容詞等。
Ⅶ 英語,寫作,表示原因的短語或者搭配,多多益善,
修飾可數:a(good/large/many/great)number of/numbers of;many(註:a great many=a number of) 修飾不可數名詞:much;a (great) deal of(註:a great deal後加形容詞);a bit of(註:a bit後加形容詞);(an)(large)amount of/amounts of 可數不可數皆可(謂語動詞隨修飾的名詞):a (large)quantity of/quantities of(註:quantities of是個例外。無論其修飾可數不可數,謂語動詞一律用復數);a lot of/lots of;plenty of;masses of;a pile of/piles of
Ⅷ 英語搭配問題
請問一下抄the amount of bookstores 和襲 massive amounts of bookstores搭配對么?
是不是必須the amount of只能接不可數,所以應該用the number of bookstores或者a large number of bookstores
Ⅸ 描述穿衣和搭配理由的英語作文
igh school children ofth
Ⅹ 搭配的英語
4.1
形容詞及其用法
形容詞修飾名詞,說明事物或人的性質或特徵。通常,
可將形容詞分成性質形容詞和敘述形容詞兩類,其位置不一定都放在名詞前面。
1)
直接說明事物的性質或特徵的形容詞是性質形容詞,它有級的變化,可以用程度副詞修飾,在句中可作定語、表語和補語。例如:hot
熱的。
2)
敘述形容詞只能作表語,所以又稱為表語形容詞。這類形容詞沒有級的變化,也不可用程度副詞修飾。大多數以a開頭的形容詞都屬於這一類。例如:afraid
害怕的。
(錯)
He
is
an
ill
man.
(對)
The
man
is
ill.
(錯)
She
is
an
afraid
girl.
(對)
The
girl
is
afraid.
這類詞還有:
well,unwell,ill,faint,afraid,alike,alive,alone,asleep,awake
等。
3)形容詞作定語修飾名詞時,要放在名詞的前邊。但是如果形容詞修飾以-thing為字尾的詞語時,要放在這些詞之後,例如:
something
nice
4.2
以-ly結尾的形容詞
1)
大部分形容詞加-ly可構成副詞。但
friendly,deadly,lovely,lonely,likely,lively,
ugly,brotherly,仍為形容詞。
改錯:(錯)
She
sang
lovely.
(錯)
He
spoke
to
me
very
friendly.
(對)
Her
singing
was
lovely.
(對)
He
spoke
to
me
in
a
very
friendly
way.
2)有些以-ly
結尾既為形容詞,也為副詞。
daily,weekly,monthly,yearly,early
The
Times
is
a
daily
paper.
The
Times
is
published
daily.
4.3
用形容詞表示類別和整體
1)
某些形容詞加上定冠詞可以泛指一類人,與謂語動詞的復數連接。如:the
dead,the
living,the
rich,the
poor,the
blind,the
hungry
The
poor
are
losing
hope.
2)
有關國家和民族的形容詞加上定冠詞指這個民族的整體,與動詞的復數連用。
the
British,the
English,the
French,the
Chinese.
The
English
have
wonderful
sense
of
humor.
4.4
多個形容詞修飾名詞的順序
多個形容詞修飾名詞時,其順序為:
限定詞--數詞--描繪詞--(大小,長短,形狀,新舊,顏色)
--出處--材料性質,類別--名詞
a
small
round
table
a
tall
gray
building
a
dirty
old
brown
shirt
a
famous
German
medical
school
an
expensive
Japanese
sports
car
典型例題:
1)
Tony
is
going
camping
with
___
boys.
A.
little
two
other
B.
two
little
other
C.
two
other
little
D.
little
other
two
答案:C。由"限定詞--數詞--描繪詞--(大小,長短,形狀,新舊,顏色)
--性質--名詞"的公式可知數詞,描繪詞,性質依次順序,只有C符合答案。
2)
One
day
they
crossed
the
____bridge
behind
the
palace.
A.
old
Chinese
stone
B.
Chinese
old
stone
C.
old
stone
Chinese
D.
Chinese
stone
old
答案A.
幾個形容詞修飾一個名詞,他們的排列順序是:年齡,形狀,大小+顏色+來源+質地+用途+國家+名詞。
3)
----
How
was
your
recent
visit
to
Qing?
----
It
was
great.
We
visited
some
friends,and
spent
the
___days
at
the
seaside.
A.
few
last
sunny
B.
last
few
sunny
C.
last
sunny
few
D.
few
sunny
last
答案:B。本題考查多個形容詞的排序問題。一般與被修飾形容詞關系密切的形容詞靠近名詞;如果幾個形容詞的重要性差不多,音節少的形容詞在前,音節多的方在後,在不能確定時,可參照下表:
限定詞+數量詞(序數詞在前,基數詞在後)+性狀形容詞+大小、長短、高低等形體+
those
+
three
+
beautiful
+
large
+
square
新舊+顏色+國籍+材料+名詞
old
+
brown
+
wood
+
table
4.5
副詞及其基本用法
副詞主要用來修飾動詞,形容詞,副詞或其他結構。
一、副詞的位置:
1)
在動詞之前。
2)
在be動詞、助動詞之後。
3)
多個助動詞時,副詞一般放在第一個助動詞後。
注意:
a.
大多數方式副詞位於句尾,但賓語過長,副詞可以提前,以使句子平衡。
We
could
see
very
clearly
a
strange
light
ahead
of
us.
b.
方式副詞well,badly糟、壞,hard等只放在句尾。
He
speaks
English
well.
二、副詞的排列順序:
1)
時間,地點副詞,小單位的在前,大單位在後。
2)
方式副詞,短的在前,長的在後,並用and或but等連詞連接。
Please
write
slowly
and
carefully.
3)
多個不同副詞排列:程度+地點+方式+時間副詞。
注意:副詞very
可以修飾形容詞,但不能修飾動詞。
改錯:(錯)
I
very
like
English.
(對)
I
like
English
very
much.
注意:副詞enough要放在形容詞的後面,形容詞enough放在名詞前後都可。
I
don't
know
him
well
enough.
There
is
enough
food
for
everyone
to
eat.
There
is
food
enough
for
everyone
to
eat.
4.6
兼有兩種形式的副詞
1)
close與closely
close意思是"近";
closely
意思是"仔細地"
He
is
sitting
close
to
me.
Watch
him
closely.
2)
late
與lately
late意思是"晚";
lately
意思是"最近"
You
have
come
too
late.
What
have
you
been
doing
lately?
3)
deep與deeply
deep意思是"深",表示空間深度;deeply時常表示感情上的深度,"深深地"
He
pushed
the
stick
deep
into
the
mud.
Even
father
was
deeply
moved
by
the
film.
4)
high與highly
high表示空間高度;highly表示程度,相當於much
The
plane
was
flying
high.
I
think
highly
of
your
opinion.
5)
wide與widely
wide表示空間寬度;widely意思是"廣泛地","在許多地方"
He
opened
the
door
wide.
English
is
widely
used
in
the
world.
6)
free與freely
free的意思是"免費";freely
的意思是"無限制地"
You
can
eat
free
in
my
restaurant
whenever
you
lik