see 复合宾语的用法
动词see的基本用法之一,是后接复合宾语(宾语 宾语补足语)。它和后接单宾语一样,既可表示感官上的感觉,也可表示心理上的感觉。
表示感官上的感觉,常见有如下四种复合形式:
1.名词或代词 不定式。不定式表示的动作和谓语动词的动作同时发生,因此通常只用一般式,不用进行式和完成式;在主动结构中,不定式不带to。如:
Have you seen any Austrians pass by here?你看见奥地利人从这儿经过吗?
George had often seen his father's men chop down great trees in the
forest,andhe thought
that it would be fine sport to see this tree fall with a crash to the ground.
乔治过去常常看到他父亲手下的人在森林里把大树砍倒,他认为看这棵树轰然倒地是一项挺好的运动。
在被动结构中,不定式要带to,并且可以用完成式。如:
A third bullet passed,and at almost the same moment the boy was seen to fallsuddenly from
the tree.第三颗子弹飞过来了,差不多与此同时,只见男孩忽然从树上掉了下来。
They were seen to have landed safely.人们看见他们安全着陆了。
2.名词或代词 分词。用现在分词表示宾语正在进行着的动作,用过去分词表示宾语承受着的动作。
如:
Did you ever see grass growing high as a tree—a tall tree?你见过长得像树那么高——就像大树那么高的草吗?
Passing the mayor's office,I saw people standing before the little bulletinboard.我经过镇长办公室的时候,看见许多人站在小布告牌前边。
If you watch long enough,you will see many problems settled in this way.如果你观察的时间够长的话,就会看到许多问题是通过这种方式解决的。
But what surprised me most was to see some of the village people
seated on thebenches at the end of the room.然而,最使我奇怪的是看到村子里的一些人坐在教室后面的长凳上。
Another time he was seen using a check for 1,500 as a bookmark.另一次,有人看见他把一张1500美元的支票当作书签用。
In the room various medicines could be seen arranged on the shelves.在那间房间里,可以看到架子上摆着各种各样的药。
3.名词或代词 形容词。如:
I am delighted to see you all so happy.看见你们大家都很幸福,我很高兴。
She was never seen angry.从来没有见她生过气。
4.名词或代词 副词或介词短语。如:
But on New Year's Eve most people sit up till after midnight to see
the NewYear.可是在新年除夕,大多数人坐到半夜迎接新年的到来。
He saw two men on horseback.他看见两个人骑在马背上。
表示心理上的感觉,常见有如下三种复合形式:
1.名词或代词 不定式 to be。这个不定式 to be也只用一般式,不用完成式。在主动结构和被动结构中,to都不能省略。如:
I saw it to be a mistake.我发现这是一个错误。
Not I saw him to-be the man who walked up the hill every morning.现在我知道了他是那个每天早晨坚持爬山的人。
I see it to be so.我觉察到这件事情就是这样。
The voltage is seen to be fairly constant.可以看到电压相对稳定。
2.名词或代词短语,其意思是“把……看作……”。如:
Marxism sees all matter as constantly changing.马克思主义把一切物质看作是经常变化的。
But naturally,the Origin of Species was seen as a book written againstreligion.自然《物种起源》被看作是为了反对宗教而撰写的一本书。
“People may see all this as new.” says Mattes.“人们可能会以为所有这些都是新鲜的东西。”马狄斯说。
3.形式宾语 宾语补足语(形容词) 真实宾语that从句。其形式宾语it,通常可以省略。如:
If God sees(it) fit that I
should marry,he would
provide me with a worthyhusband.如果上帝认为我应该结婚,他就会供给我一个如意郎君的。
