carry on ?执行?? ???????????????????????????????????carry across ?偶遇
a straw in the wind ?迹象、苗头?????????????????????? the apple of one's eye 心肝宝贝，掌上明珠
like a fish out of water 离水之鱼 ??????????????????????in a world of one's own (生活)在自己的小天地
in kind ?用同样的方法 ??????????????????????????????on the air ?正在播送
at length ?长时间；详尽地 ??????????????????????????with flying colors ?凯旋而归
won't hold water 不合情理；站不住脚????????????????? slip one's mind 被遗忘
kill two birds with one stone ?一石二鸟????????????????? go to the dogs 堕落
as easy as pie 很容易???????????????????????????????? as big as life 千真万确
as different as night and day 黑白分明 ??????????????????as poor as church mouse ?一点油水也没有
wear and tear ?磨损；损耗 ???????????????????????????high and dry ??陷于困境
touch and go 一触即发? ??????????????????????????????in black and white ?白纸黑字
One man's meat is another man's poison ?各有所爱??????? A stitch in time saves nine 亡羊补牢
Take it or leave it 要就要，不要拉倒? ??????????????????put up with ?忍耐，忍受
Don't count your chickens before they are hatched 别过早打如意算盘
Simile 明喻
O my love's like a red, red rose.
That man can't be trusted. He's as slippery as an eel.
The old man's hair is as white as snow
Wrong ideas many harm a man just like diseases
Selfless people are like cows, which eat straw but produce milk.
Metaphor 暗喻?
The picture of those poor people's lives was carved so sharply in his heart that he could never forget it.
There was a medieval magnificence about the big dining hall.
The street faded into a country road with straggling houses by it.
There were a few lordly poplars before the house.
All his former joy was drowned in the embarrassment and confusion he was feeling at the moment.
He often prefaced his remarks by "I can't help thinking..."
The charcoal fire glowed and dimmed rhythmically to the strokes of the bellows.
Her rich relatives rained birthday presents on her only son.
There is fertile soil for popular music in China today.
Personification 拟人?
Youth is hot and bold.?? Age is weak and cold.?? Youth is wild, and Age is tame.
The match will soon be over and defeat is staring us in the face.
This time fate was smiling to him.
Thunder roared and a pouring rain started.
Dusk came stealthily.
The storm was raging and an angry sea was continuously tossing their boat.
The leaves are trembling in the cold wind.
The storm was so angry that it wanted to destroy everything in its way.
Many people bowed before Force, but eventually Force would surrender to Reason.
Metonymy 换喻?
Sword and cross in hand, the European conquerors fell upon the Americas.
When the war was over, he laid down the sword and took up the pen.
His purse would not allow him that luxury.
Synecdoche 题喻?
The farms were short of hands during the harvest season.
He had to earn his daily bread by doing odd jobs.
Germany beat Argentina 2 to 1 in this exciting football match.
The poor creature could no longer endure her sufferings.
Euphemism 婉言
To pass away, to leave us; one's heart has stopped beating.? 死亡
Senior citizens? 老人
Emotionally disturbed 疯狂的
Sanitation worker? 清洁工人
Bathroom, men's room 盥洗室
Military action? 袭击
Pacification? 和谈
Strategic hamlets? 集中营
"What do you think of the roast duck?""Not bad."
Irony? 反语
Overstatement and understatement 夸大和缩小
She is dying to know what job has been assigned her.
On hearing that he had been admitted to that famous university, he whispered to himself, "I'm the luckiest man in the world".
It took a few dollars to build this indoor swimming pool.
"He is really strange," his friends said when they heard he had divorced his pretty and loving wife.
His friends praised his daughter's performances to the skies.
Transferred Epithet 移位修饰?
She was so worried about her son that she spent several sleepless nights.
In his quiet laziness he suddenly remembered that strange word.
The assistant kept a respectful distance from his boss when they were waling in the corridor.
He said "Yes" to the question in an unthinking moment.
The old man put a reassuring hand on my shoulder.
Some words may be defaced by careless usage.
His unfriendly tongue surprised her.
Oxymoron 矛盾修饰
The coach had to be cruel to be kind to his trainees.
When the news of the failure came, all his friends said that it was a victorious defeat.
The president was conspicuously absent on that occasion.
She read the long-awaited letter with a tearful smile.
Alliteration 押头韵
His writing is clear and clean.
I see also the dull, drilled, docile, brutish masses of the Hum
Fighting for his hearth and home
Those ungrateful drones who would. Drain your sweat-nay, drink your blood?
修改句子
Unity 统一完整
1、错：Born in a small town in South China in the early 50s, he grew up to be a famous musician.
?? 对：He was born in a small town in South China in the early 50s. In his childhood he liked to sing songs. Later he entered a conservatory. In the 70s he became a famous musician.
2、错：Du Fu was one of the greatest poets.
?? 对：Du Fu was one of the greatest poets of the Tang period.
Coherence 连贯的
1、错：A man in judged not only by what he says but also by his deeds.
?? 对：A man in judged not only by what he says but also by what he does.
2、错：We thought she was charming, intelligent, and a very capable young woman.
?? 对：We thought she was charming, intelligent, and very capable.
3、错：We have great faith and high hopes for her.
?? 对：We have great faith in and high hopes for her.
4、错：She told my sister that she was wrong.
?? 对："I'm wrong," she said to my sister.
5、错：He was knocked down by a bicycle, but it was not serious.
?? 对：He was knocked down by a bicycle, but was not badly hurt.
6、错：I'm going to the lecture on modern Chinese drama, because he is a dramatist I like.
?? 对：I'm going to the lecture on modern Chinese drama, because the speaker is a dramatist I like.
7、错：Looking out of the window, the grassland stretches as fat as the eye can reach.
?? 对：Outside the window, the grassland stretches as far as the eye can reach.
8、错：On entering the classroom, the students stood up and said, "Good morning!"
?? 对：When the teacher entered the classroom, the students stood up and said, "Good morning!"
9、错：To get ready for the trip, all the things she needed were put into a suitcase.
?? 对：To get ready for the trip, she put all the things she needed into a suitcase.
10、错：I read an interesting story in a magazine about sportsmen.
?? ?对：I read in a magazine an interesting story about sportsmen.
11、错：She bought several picture books and put them into her bag, which she intended to give to her children.
?? ?对：She bought several picture books for her children and put them into her bag.
12、错：The idea he mentioned at first sounded good.
? ??对：The idea he first mentioned sounded good.
13、错：He gave a reason for not attending the meeting, which nobody believed.
? ??对：He gave a reason, which nobody believed, for not attending the meeting.
14、错：An important thing for the student to remember is that when writing a paper, you should not plagiarize.
??? 对：An important thing for the student to remember is that when writing a paper, he should not plagiarize.
15、错：Those who wish to take Linguistics are expected to sign his name on this sheet of paper.
??? 对：Those who wish to take Linguistics are expected to sign their names on this sheet of paper.
16、错：Students should learn to analyze and solve problems independently. Don't rely on your teachers' help.
??? 对：Students should learn to analyze and solve problems independently. They should not rely on their teachers' help.
17、错：She reviewed the lesson taught last week and all the exercise assigned by the teacher were done.
对：She reviewed the lesson taught last week and did all the exercise assigned by the teacher.
Conciseness 简洁
1、错：Mary is a quiet and careful woman.
???对：Mary is quiet and careful.
2、错：He returned in the early part of the month of August.
? 对：He returned in early August.
3、错：He gave many reasons for the failure, but the reasons he gave were not convincing.
? 对：He gave many reasons for the failure, but none of them was convincing.
4、错：In my opinion, I think your plan is feasible.
? 对：In my opinion, your plan is feasible.
5、错：This machine was jointly designed by the old engineer in collaboration with some of his younger colleagues.
? 对：This machine was jointly designed by the old engineer and some of his younger colleagues.
6、错：There was a pine tree that stood like a giant on the top of the mountain. It towered over the trees around it.
? 对：The pine tree on the top of the mountain stood like a giant and towered over the trees around it.
7、错：Mr. Smith usually likes to drink all kinds of wines that are produced in France.
? 对：Mr. Smith prefers wines produced in France.
四、
1、错：She began to speak very fast at the meeting at ten o'clock.
?? 对：At ten o'clock, she began to speak very fast at the meeting.
2、错：Bernard Shaw was one of the best-known playwrights.
?? 对：Bernard Shaw was one of the best-known playwrights in England.
3、错：I read the novel on the train, which did not interest me at all.
?? 对：On the train I read the novel, which did not interest me at all.
4、错：Listening attentively, a faulty sound was heard.
?? 对：Listening attentively, a faulty sound I heard.
5、错：On entering the room, no one was seen.
?? 对：On entering the room, I saw nobody.
6、错：Fred is energetic, capable, and a man you can rely on.
?? 对：Fred is an energetic, capable, and reliable man you can rely on.
7、错：The children promised to be careful and that they would return home early.
?? 对：The children promised to be careful and return home early.
8、错：Dickens's novels offer no solution to the social injustices he exposes in them.
?? 对：Dickens's novels offer no solution to the social injustices he exposes.
9、错：My watch is either fast or yours in slow.
?? 对：My watch is fast or yours in slow.
10、错：Glancing out of the window, a beautiful view attracted my attention.
??? 对：Glancing out of the window, a beautiful view attracted me.
11、错：If interested in painting, a course can be taken at the evening school.
??? 对：Interested in painting, you can take a course at the evening school.
12、错：I will go to the lecture, for I like his poems.
? 对：I will go to the lecture, for I like it.
五、
1、错：In the year 1840 the Opium War broke out.
?? 对：In 1840 the Opium War broke out.
2、错：There are more books in their library than in our library.
?? 对：There are more books in their library than in ours.
3、错：He returned back home after he graduated from college.
?? 对：He returned home after he graduated from college
4、错：We planned to meet just before sunrise very early in the morning.
?? 对：We planned to meet just before sunrise.
5、错：The cause of the flood was due to the heavy rain in late spring.
?? 对：The cause of the flood was the heavy rain in late spring.
6、错：He was asked to repeat the sentence again.
?? 对：He was asked to repeat the sentence.
7、错：I play badminton equally as well as my brother.
?? 对：I play badminton as well as my brother
8、错：It seemed to his friends that his attitude was of a puzzling nature.
?? 对：It seemed to his friends that his attitude was puzzling.
9、错：These watermelons are large in size and sweet in taste.
?? 对：These watermelons are large and sweet.
10、错：He did not tell the truth with an honest attitude.
??? 对：He did not tell the truth.
11、错：There are a number of students who want to join the drama club.
??? 对：A number of students join the drama club.
12、错：He was kind enough to let me share the same umbrella with him.
??? 对：He was kind enough to let me share the same umbrella.
13、错：Zhao was the person who was elected the representative of the class by the whole class.
??? 对：Zhao was the person who was elected the representative of the class.
14、错：At the present time I am taking the course of World History and in addition a course in geography too.
??? 对：At the present time I am taking the course of World History and geography.
15、错：The plane circled around the airport for about ten minutes or so and than disappeared and could no longer be seen.
??? 对：The plane circled around the airport for about ten minutes and then disappeared.
16、错：What I an trying to say is that in my opinion he has not done his work very well and it needs improving.
??? 对：In my opinion he has not done his work very well and it needs improving.
17、错：I would like you to consider the question of whether or not you will let our journal publish your recent article on women scientists in China.
??? 对：I would like you to consider whether or not you will let our journal publish your recent article on women scientists in China.
18、错：Owing to the fact that he had missed many lectures, he was aware that it would be possible for him to fail the exam.
??? 对：Owing tomissing many lectures, he was aware that it would be possible for him to fail the exam.
19、错：You must first work out an outline for your paper, and then after you have done that, you need to collect all kinds of material to support your point of view.
??? 对：You must first work out an outline for your paper, and then, you need to collect all kinds of material to support your point of view.
20、错：In that country violent death has become a commonplace thing, a thing that occurs every day.
??? 对：In that country violent death has become a commonplace thing.
turn out? 出现 ?????????????????????????????????????look forward to? 盼望，期待
carry on ?执行?? ???????????????????????????????????carry across ?偶遇
a straw in the wind ?迹象、苗头?????????????????????? the apple of one's eye 心肝宝贝，掌上明珠
like a fish out of water 离水之鱼 ??????????????????????in a world of one's own (生活)在自己的小天地
in kind ?用同样的方法 ??????????????????????????????on the air ?正在播送
at length ?长时间；详尽地 ??????????????????????????with flying colors ?凯旋而归
won't hold water 不合情理；站不住脚????????????????? slip one's mind 被遗忘
kill two birds with one stone ?一石二鸟????????????????? go to the dogs 堕落
as easy as pie 很容易???????????????????????????????? as big as life 千真万确
as different as night and day 黑白分明 ??????????????????as poor as church mouse ?一点油水也没有
wear and tear ?磨损；损耗 ???????????????????????????high and dry ??陷于困境
touch and go 一触即发? ??????????????????????????????in black and white ?白纸黑字
One man's meat is another man's poison ?各有所爱??????? A stitch in time saves nine 亡羊补牢
Take it or leave it 要就要，不要拉倒? ??????????????????put up with ?忍耐，忍受
Don't count your chickens before they are hatched 别过早打如意算盘
Simile 明喻
O my love's like a red, red rose.
That man can't be trusted. He's as slippery as an eel.
The old man's hair is as white as snow
Wrong ideas many harm a man just like diseases
Selfless people are like cows, which eat straw but produce milk.
Metaphor 暗喻?
The picture of those poor people's lives was carved so sharply in his heart that he could never forget it.
There was a medieval magnificence about the big dining hall.
The street faded into a country road with straggling houses by it.
There were a few lordly poplars before the house.
All his former joy was drowned in the embarrassment and confusion he was feeling at the moment.
He often prefaced his remarks by "I can't help thinking..."
The charcoal fire glowed and dimmed rhythmically to the strokes of the bellows.
Her rich relatives rained birthday presents on her only son.
There is fertile soil for popular music in China today.
Personification 拟人?
Youth is hot and bold.?? Age is weak and cold.?? Youth is wild, and Age is tame.
The match will soon be over and defeat is staring us in the face.
This time fate was smiling to him.
Thunder roared and a pouring rain started.
Dusk came stealthily.
The storm was raging and an angry sea was continuously tossing their boat.
The leaves are trembling in the cold wind.
The storm was so angry that it wanted to destroy everything in its way.
Many people bowed before Force, but eventually Force would surrender to Reason.
Metonymy 换喻?
Sword and cross in hand, the European conquerors fell upon the Americas.
When the war was over, he laid down the sword and took up the pen.
His purse would not allow him that luxury.
Synecdoche 题喻?
The farms were short of hands during the harvest season.
He had to earn his daily bread by doing odd jobs.
Germany beat Argentina 2 to 1 in this exciting football match.
The poor creature could no longer endure her sufferings.
Euphemism 婉言
To pass away, to leave us; one's heart has stopped beating.? 死亡
Senior citizens? 老人
Emotionally disturbed 疯狂的
Sanitation worker? 清洁工人
Bathroom, men's room 盥洗室
Military action? 袭击
Pacification? 和谈
Strategic hamlets? 集中营
"What do you think of the roast duck?""Not bad."
Irony? 反语
Overstatement and understatement 夸大和缩小
She is dying to know what job has been assigned her.
On hearing that he had been admitted to that famous university, he whispered to himself, "I'm the luckiest man in the world".
It took a few dollars to build this indoor swimming pool.
"He is really strange," his friends said when they heard he had divorced his pretty and loving wife.
His friends praised his daughter's performances to the skies.
Transferred Epithet 移位修饰?
She was so worried about her son that she spent several sleepless nights.
In his quiet laziness he suddenly remembered that strange word.
The assistant kept a respectful distance from his boss when they were waling in the corridor.
He said "Yes" to the question in an unthinking moment.
The old man put a reassuring hand on my shoulder.
Some words may be defaced by careless usage.
His unfriendly tongue surprised her.
Oxymoron 矛盾修饰
The coach had to be cruel to be kind to his trainees.
When the news of the failure came, all his friends said that it was a victorious defeat.
The president was conspicuously absent on that occasion.
She read the long-awaited letter with a tearful smile.
Alliteration 押头韵
His writing is clear and clean.
I see also the dull, drilled, docile, brutish masses of the Hum
Fighting for his hearth and home
Those ungrateful drones who would. Drain your sweat-nay, drink your blood?
修改句子
Unity 统一完整
1、错：Born in a small town in South China in the early 50s, he grew up to be a famous musician.
?? 对：He was born in a small town in South China in the early 50s. In his childhood he liked to sing songs. Later he entered a conservatory. In the 70s he became a famous musician.
2、错：Du Fu was one of the greatest poets.
?? 对：Du Fu was one of the greatest poets of the Tang period.
Coherence 连贯的
1、错：A man in judged not only by what he says but also by his deeds.
?? 对：A man in judged not only by what he says but also by what he does.
2、错：We thought she was charming, intelligent, and a very capable young woman.
?? 对：We thought she was charming, intelligent, and very capable.
3、错：We have great faith and high hopes for her.
?? 对：We have great faith in and high hopes for her.
4、错：She told my sister that she was wrong.
?? 对："I'm wrong," she said to my sister.
5、错：He was knocked down by a bicycle, but it was not serious.
?? 对：He was knocked down by a bicycle, but was not badly hurt.
6、错：I'm going to the lecture on modern Chinese drama, because he is a dramatist I like.
?? 对：I'm going to the lecture on modern Chinese drama, because the speaker is a dramatist I like.
7、错：Looking out of the window, the grassland stretches as fat as the eye can reach.
?? 对：Outside the window, the grassland stretches as far as the eye can reach.
8、错：On entering the classroom, the students stood up and said, "Good morning!"
?? 对：When the teacher entered the classroom, the students stood up and said, "Good morning!"
9、错：To get ready for the trip, all the things she needed were put into a suitcase.
?? 对：To get ready for the trip, she put all the things she needed into a suitcase.
10、错：I read an interesting story in a magazine about sportsmen.
?? ?对：I read in a magazine an interesting story about sportsmen.
11、错：She bought several picture books and put them into her bag, which she intended to give to her children.
?? ?对：She bought several picture books for her children and put them into her bag.
12、错：The idea he mentioned at first sounded good.
? ??对：The idea he first mentioned sounded good.
13、错：He gave a reason for not attending the meeting, which nobody believed.
? ??对：He gave a reason, which nobody believed, for not attending the meeting.
14、错：An important thing for the student to remember is that when writing a paper, you should not plagiarize.
??? 对：An important thing for the student to remember is that when writing a paper, he should not plagiarize.
15、错：Those who wish to take Linguistics are expected to sign his name on this sheet of paper.
??? 对：Those who wish to take Linguistics are expected to sign their names on this sheet of paper.
16、错：Students should learn to analyze and solve problems independently. Don't rely on your teachers' help.
??? 对：Students should learn to analyze and solve problems independently. They should not rely on their teachers' help.
17、错：She reviewed the lesson taught last week and all the exercise assigned by the teacher were done.
对：She reviewed the lesson taught last week and did all the exercise assigned by the teacher.
Conciseness 简洁
1、错：Mary is a quiet and careful woman.
???对：Mary is quiet and careful.
2、错：He returned in the early part of the month of August.
? 对：He returned in early August.
3、错：He gave many reasons for the failure, but the reasons he gave were not convincing.
? 对：He gave many reasons for the failure, but none of them was convincing.
4、错：In my opinion, I think your plan is feasible.
? 对：In my opinion, your plan is feasible.
5、错：This machine was jointly designed by the old engineer in collaboration with some of his younger colleagues.
? 对：This machine was jointly designed by the old engineer and some of his younger colleagues.
6、错：There was a pine tree that stood like a giant on the top of the mountain. It towered over the trees around it.
? 对：The pine tree on the top of the mountain stood like a giant and towered over the trees around it.
7、错：Mr. Smith usually likes to drink all kinds of wines that are produced in France.
? 对：Mr. Smith prefers wines produced in France.
四、
1、错：She began to speak very fast at the meeting at ten o'clock.
?? 对：At ten o'clock, she began to speak very fast at the meeting.
2、错：Bernard Shaw was one of the best-known playwrights.
?? 对：Bernard Shaw was one of the best-known playwrights in England.
3、错：I read the novel on the train, which did not interest me at all.
?? 对：On the train I read the novel, which did not interest me at all.
4、错：Listening attentively, a faulty sound was heard.
?? 对：Listening attentively, a faulty sound I heard.
5、错：On entering the room, no one was seen.
?? 对：On entering the room, I saw nobody.
6、错：Fred is energetic, capable, and a man you can rely on.
?? 对：Fred is an energetic, capable, and reliable man you can rely on.
7、错：The children promised to be careful and that they would return home early.
?? 对：The children promised to be careful and return home early.
8、错：Dickens's novels offer no solution to the social injustices he exposes in them.
?? 对：Dickens's novels offer no solution to the social injustices he exposes.
9、错：My watch is either fast or yours in slow.
?? 对：My watch is fast or yours in slow.
10、错：Glancing out of the window, a beautiful view attracted my attention.
??? 对：Glancing out of the window, a beautiful view attracted me.
11、错：If interested in painting, a course can be taken at the evening school.
??? 对：Interested in painting, you can take a course at the evening school.
12、错：I will go to the lecture, for I like his poems.
? 对：I will go to the lecture, for I like it.
五、
1、错：In the year 1840 the Opium War broke out.
?? 对：In 1840 the Opium War broke out.
2、错：There are more books in their library than in our library.
?? 对：There are more books in their library than in ours.
3、错：He returned back home after he graduated from college.
?? 对：He returned home after he graduated from college
4、错：We planned to meet just before sunrise very early in the morning.
?? 对：We planned to meet just before sunrise.
5、错：The cause of the flood was due to the heavy rain in late spring.
?? 对：The cause of the flood was the heavy rain in late spring.
6、错：He was asked to repeat the sentence again.
?? 对：He was asked to repeat the sentence.
7、错：I play badminton equally as well as my brother.
?? 对：I play badminton as well as my brother
8、错：It seemed to his friends that his attitude was of a puzzling nature.
?? 对：It seemed to his friends that his attitude was puzzling.
9、错：These watermelons are large in size and sweet in taste.
?? 对：These watermelons are large and sweet.
10、错：He did not tell the truth with an honest attitude.
??? 对：He did not tell the truth.
11、错：There are a number of students who want to join the drama club.
??? 对：A number of students join the drama club.
12、错：He was kind enough to let me share the same umbrella with him.
??? 对：He was kind enough to let me share the same umbrella.
13、错：Zhao was the person who was elected the representative of the class by the whole class.
??? 对：Zhao was the person who was elected the representative of the class.
14、错：At the present time I am taking the course of World History and in addition a course in geography too.
??? 对：At the present time I am taking the course of World History and geography.
15、错：The plane circled around the airport for about ten minutes or so and than disappeared and could no longer be seen.
??? 对：The plane circled around the airport for about ten minutes and then disappeared.
16、错：What I an trying to say is that in my opinion he has not done his work very well and it needs improving.
??? 对：In my opinion he has not done his work very well and it needs improving.
17、错：I would like you to consider the question of whether or not you will let our journal publish your recent article on women scientists in China.
??? 对：I would like you to consider whether or not you will let our journal publish your recent article on women scientists in China.
18、错：Owing to the fact that he had missed many lectures, he was aware that it would be possible for him to fail the exam.
??? 对：Owing tomissing many lectures, he was aware that it would be possible for him to fail the exam.
19、错：You must first work out an outline for your paper, and then after you have done that, you need to collect all kinds of material to support your point of view.
??? 对：You must first work out an outline for your paper, and then, you need to collect all kinds of material to support your point of view.
20、错：In that country violent death has become a commonplace thing, a thing that occurs every day.
??? 对：In that country violent death has become a commonplace thing.