Skip navigation.
Home

英文诗歌的格律/rules and forms of classical poem

a poem→stanza/strophe→line/verse→foot(arsis/ictus//thesis)

meter/measure(格律)

格律:每个音节中重读音节和非重读音节的排列方式

What is meter?

Meter is simply a rhythm that has been chosen by the poet and which he repeats and uses consistently over the length of a stanza or complete poem. For a poem to be described as being written in meter, it has to have a specific rhythm that is repeated and used continually

音步

what is foot?

There are arious units of meter, or paterns, that a poet is likely to use. A foot usually consists of one stressed and two unstressed syllabus. A vertical line is used to saparate the foot.

A foot of a poetry can be arranged in a variety of patterns. The two most commonly used feet are as follows: Iambic trochaic

按格律分:

抑扬格(Iambic Foot)

音步由一个非重读音节加上一个重读音节构成

扬抑格(trochaic Foot)

音步由一个重读音节加上一个非重读音节构成

扬抑抑格(Dactyl)

音步由一个重读音节加上两个非重读音节构成

抑抑扬格(Anapaestic Foot)

音步由两个非重读音节加上一个重读音节构成

抑扬抑格(Amphibrachy Foot)

这种格律是一个音步由三个音节组成,其中第一、三个音节为非重读音节,第二个音节为重读音节,呈现模式为“ˇ - ˇ”

扬扬格(spondee)

这种格律秒表现为一个音步由两个重读音节构成的模式“ - - ”

抑抑格(pyrrhic)

这种格律秒表现为一个音步由两个非重读音节构成的模式“ˇˇ”

按音步数量分为:

一音步(monometer)

二音步(dimeter)

三音步(trimeter)

四音步(tetrameter)

五音步(pentameter)

六音步(hexameter)

七音步(heptameter)

八音步(octameter)

抑扬格(Iambic Foot)

ˇ - ˇ - ˇ - ˇ -

She walks| in beau|ty, like |the night

ˇ - ˇ - ˇ - ˇ -

Of cloud|less climes| and star|ry skies;

ˇ - ˇ - ˇ - ˇ -

And all |that’s best |of dark |and bright

ˇ - ˇ - ˇ - ˇ -

Meet in |her as|pect and| her eyes.

ˇ - ˇ - ˇ - ˇ -

Thus mel|lowed to |that ten|der light

ˇ - ˇ ˇ - ˇ - ˇ -

Which hea|ven to gau|dy day |denies.

---B. Byron,“She Walks in beauty”

她走在美的光彩中,象夜晚

皎洁无云而且繁星满天;

明与暗的最美妙的色泽

在她的仪容和秋波里呈现;

耀目的白天只嫌光太强,

它比那光亮柔和而幽暗。

拜伦:《她走在美的光彩中》查良铮译

扬抑格(trochaic Foot)

例:Men of England, Wherefore