New Words explanation
lung
n. [C] either of the two parts inside one's body with which one breathes
肺
The air coming from the lungs is important in the production of various sounds of our speech.
来自肺部的气流对我们发出各种声音起着重要作用。
cancer
n. [C; U] a serious illness which may cause death
癌，癌症
He died of lung cancer.
他死于肺癌。
Improved medical conditions in modern society have reduced the occurrence of cancer among various diseases.
现代社会良好的医学条件降低了癌症在各种病症中的发生比例。
pack
n. 1. [C] a packet
小盒，小包
The boy had a pack of cartoon cards.
那个男孩有一盒卡通卡片。
2. [C] a number of things put together
包，捆，包裹
He took some food from the pack on his back.
他从背包中取出一些食品。
3. [C] a group of wild animals
一群
There is a pack of dogs outside.
外面有一群狗。
marriage
n. 1. [C; U] the state of being married
婚姻（状况）
Her first marriage was not happy.
她的第一次婚姻不幸福。
2. [C; U] the uniting of a man and a woman
结婚，婚礼
The marriage took place in a restaurant and many relatives came to it.
婚礼在一家酒店举行，有许多亲友参加。
I heard that he had two marriages.
我听说他结过两次婚。
relation
n. 1. [C; U] the state of being related to each other
联系，关系
The relation between cost and production is one of the studies in economics.
成本与生产之间的关系是经济学的一个研究部分。
The actual cost of the wedding had no relation to what we had thought about.
婚礼的实际费用与我们所想的完全不相符。
2. [C] a member of one's family
家人；亲戚，亲属
The couple invited all their relations to the celebration of the fifth anniversary of their marriage.
夫妇俩邀请了所有的亲戚参加他们结婚五周年的庆典。
secondhand
a. 1. taken from others; not one's own
间接的，二手的
It was a secondhand report. I got the information from my friends.
这是一份根据二手资料写成的报告，我是从朋友那里获得有关信息的。
2. owned or used by sb. else before; not new
用过的，旧的；二手的
Secondhand goods are usually cheap.
二手商品通常很便宜。
tobacco
n. 1. [U] the leaves of some plant dried and prepared for smoking
烟叶，烟草
There have been many reports on the bad effect of tobacco.
已有大量有关烟草有害的报告。
2. [C] a certain type of tobacco
某种烟草
This is a strong tobacco.
这种烟草味很浓。
leaf
n. [C] one of the usually flat and green parts of a plant
叶；树叶
Some plants have leaves that look like flowers.
有些植物的叶子看起来很像花。
contain
vt. have as a part; hold
包含，容纳
This wooden box contains some tools.
这个木箱里装有一些工具。
The report contains some secret information about the US army forces.
这份报告涉及一些有关美国军队的机密情报。
deliver
vt. 1. send things to sb. or to some places
传送，传递
The job of a mailman is usually to deliver such things as letters and newspapers.
邮递员的工作通常是投递信件和报纸。
Will you deliver the goods to my home?
你们能否送货到家？
2. speak or read aloud to a group of people
讲（话）
He is going to deliver a speech on the importance of learning a foreign language.
他将就学习外语的重要性发表讲话。
lately
ad. in the recent past; recently
近来，最近
It appears that he has been very busy lately.
他近来似乎很忙。
draw
v. 1. take breath in
吸气
She drew a deep breath and then walked into the room.
她深深吸了一口气，然后走进了房间。
2. cause to move by pulling
拖，拉，拽
She drew me to one side and told me the secret.
她把我拉到一边，告诉了我那个秘密。
3. pull out
取出，抽出，拉出
The boy drew out a letter secretly.
那男孩悄悄地取出一封信。
4. cause to come over; attract
吸引
The play is drawing huge crowds.
这出戏吸引了大批观众。
breath
n. 1. [C] an act of taking air in and out
（一次）呼吸
He took a deep breath and then went into the water.
他深吸了一口气后潜入水中。
2. [U] the air taken in and out of lungs
呼吸，气息
We are out of breath after running for the bus.
因为赶汽车，我们跑得上气不接下气。
Remember to hold your breath when you go into the water.
记住潜入水中时要屏住呼吸。
flow
vi. move along
流动，流淌
The river flowed through the village.
小河穿过村庄。
The cars flowed along in the streets.
汽车在街道上川流不息。
permit
v. 1. allow sb. to do sth.
允许，准许
The rules here do not permit smoking inside the building.
这里规定不允许在楼内吸烟。
Students are not permitted to use this library.
学生不准使用这个图书馆。
2. make sth. possible
容许，许可
I will help you with the work if time permits.
假如时间允许的话，我会协助你们做这项工作。
least
a. smallest in amount or degree
最小的，最少的
The least worry they have is about the time.
他们最不担心的就是时间。
I haven't the least idea how to support her.
我根本不知道怎样帮助她。
damage
vt. harm or break
损伤，损害
The building was badly damaged by the explosion.
大楼因爆炸而严重受损。
It had a damaging effect on the relations between the East and the West.
它对东西方关系产生了极为不利的影响。
effect
n. [C; U] sth. that happens as a result
结果，效果，影响
What he said had a bad effect on the children.
他的话对孩子们产生了很坏的影响。
The medicine didn't have much effect on me.
这种药对我不起什么作用。
occur
vi. take place; happen
发生，出现
Several car accidents occurred in this area lately.
最近这一地区出了好几起车祸。
A series of strange things occurred in our village during this week.
这一周我们村庄里发生了一连串奇怪的事。
limit
vt. keep within a certain degree
限制，约束
As daily goods are becoming more and more expensive, we have to limit our spending.
随着日常用品变得越来越贵，我们不得不限制我们的开销。
He tried to limit his smoking to four cigarettes each day.
他努力把每天吸烟的数量限制在4支。
n. [C] the greatest or smallest point or number
界限，限度
This article should be finished within a 2-hour limit.
这篇文章必须在两小时内完成。
I can't run that much; I know my limits.
我不能跑那么远，我知道自己体力的限度。
The government has set up a 5% limit on pay awards.
政府把奖金限制在5%以内。
flight
n. 1. [C] a journey through air
航程；航班
There are several flights from Shanghai to New York.
从上海到纽约有好几次航班。
Flight BA 126 to Geneva is now boarding.
前往日内瓦的BA126航班现在请旅客们登机。
2. [C; U] flying
飞行，飞翔
That was his first flight after he left the training school.
那是他离开培训学校后的第一次飞行。
He showed us a series of photos of a bird in flight.
他向我们展示了一系列鸟在飞行时的照片。
persuade
vt. make sb. willing to do sth. by asking, reasoning, etc.
劝说；说服
If they are not willing to join us, at least we have to persuade them to support us.
如果他们不愿加入我们的行列，至少我们要说服他们支持我们。
She was persuaded into the annual celebration party.
她被说服参加年度庆祝会。
defense (英defence)
n. 1. [U] the act of protecting
防御，防卫；维护
They were fighting in defense of their country.
他们在为保卫祖国而战。
He spoke in firm defense of the workers.
他坚决地为工人们辩护。
2. [C; U] ways of protecting
防御手段，防御物
Trees are a defense against wind.
树木是防风的屏障。
The government has spent a lot of money on defense.
政府投入了大量资金用于国防。
fortunate
a. having a good condition; lucky
幸运的；吉利的
He was fortunate to get the news early.
他很幸运，很早就得到了消息。
She was fortunate in having a good job.
她很幸运，有一份好工作。
a pack of
a box of
一盒，一包
He used to be in possession of many packs of special cards.
他曾有许多盒专用卡片。
for sure
certainly; surely
肯定地，毫无疑问地
There were so many agricultural products, and he didn't know for sure which one to take.
那里有很多农产品，他不能肯定该买哪些。
even so
in spite of that; still
即便如此
The big fire was put out at last, but even so, there is still the terrible memory of it.
大火终于灭了，但即便如此，可怕的记忆依然难以抹去。
have relation to
have something to do with
与……有关
The fact that some people try to avoid others may have some relation to their past experience of life.
有些人总是回避他人，这也许与他们过去的生活经历有关。
die of
stop living as a result of
死于
In Africa many people died of hunger.
在非洲许多人死于饥饿。
draw in
take in
吸入
I covered my mouth and nose to avoid drawing in the smoke.
我捂住嘴和鼻子，以防把烟吸进来。
at least
1. not less than
至少
Smoking costs you at least 5 yuan each day.
你每天至少要花5元钱吸烟。
2. somehow; anyhow
无论如何
The food wasn't so good, but at least it was cheap.
饭菜不怎么好，但起码很便宜。
These rules are not well enforced -- at least I think they are not.
这些规定执行得不好，至少我是这么认为的。
grow up
develop from being a child to being an adult
长大成人
What do you want to do when you grow up?
你长大后想做什么？
pass laws
adopt laws
通过法律；立法
Before China entered the WTO, the Chinese government had already passed many business laws.
在加入世界贸易组织之前，中国政府已通过了多项商务法。
at the present time
for the moment; right now
目前，当前
At the present time, we're not able to reduce the cost of production.
目前，我们还无法降低生产成本。
persuade sb. to do sth.
ask sb. to do sth. by reasoning with them
劝说，说服
Parents persuaded the school to have some extra areas for their children's study after class.
家长们说服学校为孩子们课后的学习留出一些额外场地。
come to
1. (sth.) arrive at a certain state
达到，成为
At last the war came to an end.
战争终于结束了。
I'll come straight to the point -- when do you want the money?
我直说吧，你什么时候要这笔钱？
2. (sb.) remember suddenly
突然想起
It comes to me that some books are missing.
我突然想起有些书不见了。
Edward Gilson
爱德华•吉尔森（男名）
Evelyn Gilson
伊夫琳•吉尔森（女名）
the United States Environmental Protection Agency
美国环境保护总署
