Language Point 1
Marya Sklodowska was born on November 7, 1867… (Para.1)
born: a. bear 的过去分词
be born: start one’s life; come into being 出生
I was born in 1980. 我生于1980年。
Where were you born? 你是在哪儿出生的？
The earth was born some 4,700 million years ago. 地球是大约47亿年前诞生的。
Language Point 2
Marya’s father wanted his five children to go to college, but the family was poor. (Para.1)
go to college: go to study in a college上大学
He wanted them to go to college and learn business. 他希望他们上大学学习商务。
Language Point 3
In fact, Marya worked for six years to make money so her elder sister Bronya could study medicine at the Sorbonne in Paris. (Para.1)
make money: earn a lot of money
And now the Russians have realized they can make money out of this country. 现在俄罗斯人意识到在这个国家他们可以赚大钱。
Language Point 4
When Bronya finished medical school … (Para.1)
medical: a. of medicine and treating the sick 医学的，医疗的，医术的
He will go to a medical school. 他要上医科学校。
They have little medical care. 他们很少得到医护。
The doctor gave him a medical exam. 医生给他检查了身体。
Language Point 5
… Marya changed her name to the French form, Marie. (Para.2)
Meaning: Marya spelt her name in the French way, Marie.
change sth. to/into: make sth. become 使……变为
Later it became the Road of the Heroes and then was changed to the Road of Youth. 后来它成为”英雄之路”，接着又改为”青年之路”。
Language Point 6
…the French form, Marie. (Para.2)
form: n.
1) [C] a way sth. shows itself; kind or sort 形式; 方式，格式
Different countries have different forms of government. 不同的国家有不同的政体。
Please name three forms of air travel. 请举出三种空中旅行的方式。
2) [C; U] an outward appearance; shape 外形，样子；形状
Churches are often built in the form of a cross. 教堂常建造成十字架形。
For her birthday I made her a cake in the form of a cat. 为了庆祝她的生日，我给她做了一个小猫形状的蛋糕。
3) [C] a piece of paper with spaces for one to answer questions (需填写的) 表格
You need to fill in this form to get a new passport (护照). 你得填好这份表格才能领取新护照。
Language Point 7
… she moved to a less expensive set of rooms … (Para.2)
expensive: a. costing a lot of money 费用大的，昂贵的
The Princess is the most expensive hotel in town. 公主饭店是城里最贵的旅馆。
a set of: a group of (things that form a whole) 一套
a set of stamps 一套邮票
a set of rules 一套规则
Language Point 8
… so she could study in peace. (Para.2)
Meaning: … so she might not be disturbed in her study.
in peace: in a state of quietness 平静，安宁
Build our country and let’s live in peace again. 建设我们的国家，让我们重新过上平静的生活。
Language Point 9
… but even among her difficult living conditions, she was happy. (Para.2)
Meaning: …but in spite of her poor and hard life, she was always happy.
Language Point 10
… difficult living conditions … (Para.2)
condition: n.
1)[C] things that are around one 环境；情况
The prisoners lived in terrible conditions. 囚犯生活在极恶劣的环境中。
Under the present conditions it would be dangerous to travel in that country. 在目前情况下在那个国家旅行是危险的。
2)[C;U] the state of a person or thing 状况，状态
The car was cheap and in good condition, so I bought it. 这汽车很便宜，车况也好，所以我就买了。
3)[C] sth. needed to make another thing happen 条件
One of the conditions of the job is that you agree to work on Saturday. 想要这份工作的一个条件是同意星期六上班。
What are the conditions of the contract (合同)? 合同包括哪些条件？
Language Point 11
Marie and Pierre found that they had much in common. (Para.3)
Meaning: Marie and Pierre shared many things: likes, dislikes, interests, qualities, etc.
in common: having or enjoying sth. together with sb. else共用的，共有的
Remember, art and sport have this in common: they are both means of self-expression.记住，艺术与运动有一个共同点：它们都是自我表现的形式。
Language Point 12
They didn’t care about money or about being comfortable. (Para.3)
Meaning: They were not concerned about earning money or about living a comfortable life.
care about: think sth. important 认为……重要；关心
The only thing he cares about is money. 他只关心钱。
Many of the students said that the school didn’t care about their health and food. 许多学生说学校不关心他们的健康和饮食。
Language Point 13
They fell in love … (Para.3)
fall in love (with): begin to love 爱上（某人）
He fell in love with the girl next door. 他爱上了隔壁的女孩。
These students want to be free: free to fall in love, free to work hard and free to have fun. 这些学生要求自由：恋爱自由，努力工作的自由和寻求乐趣的自由。
Language Point 14
They discussed their work as well as the most recent scientific events… (Para.3)
as well as: in addition to既……又, 除……之外（也）
He had decided that Mary was an agreeable as well as a beautiful girl. 他认为玛丽是一个既漂亮又善解人意的女孩。
Students should have enough time to play, to sleep as well as to study. 学生应有充分的时间学习、玩耍和睡眠。
Language Point 15
… such as the discovery of X rays. (Para.3)
such as: for example 例如，诸如
They have many interests in common, such as football, swimming and dancing. 他们有许多共同的兴趣，例如足球、游泳和跳舞。
Language Point 16
Marie was interested in this research … (Para.3)
be interested in: feel like doing sth. 对……感兴趣
Both men are interested in the subject of remembering and forgetting. 两人均对记忆与遗忘的课题感兴趣。
Are you interested in coming along? 你有兴趣一块儿去吗？
interesting: a. arousing or holding the attention 吸引注意力的；有趣的
Is there anything interesting in the newspaper? 报上有什么有趣的内容吗？
That’s an interesting idea. 这个主意真有意思。
Language Point 17
… interested in this research … (Para.3)
research:
n. [U] studying sth. carefully to find out more about it 研究；调查
The university does some government research on campus. 这所大学在校园内做一些政府的研究工作。
I’ve got to carry out some research on the subject. 我需要就这一课题做一些研究。
vi. study a subject in detail 研究, 探究
We’ve been researching for three years with no results. 我们研究了三年仍无结果。
He is researching into Chinese poetry. 他在研究中国诗歌。
Language Point 18
… and began to look for unknown elements that had such rays. (Para.3)
Meaning: … and started to try to discover unknown chemical elements that had such rays.
look for: try to find 寻找，寻求
He is always looking for something different to do. 他总是试图做些与众不同的事情。
Language Point 19
… look for unknown elements … (Para.3)
element: n. [C] a very simple substance from which everything is made 元素
Both hydrogen and oxygen are elements, but water is not. 氢和氧都是元素，而水则不是。
How many elements is water made up of? 水由几种元素构成？
There are 106 known chemical elements. 已知的化学元素有106种。
Language Point 20
Pierre Curie stopped his own research in order to help Marie in her work. (Para.3)
in order to: 为了
In order to get more information about the subject, there is a need for further research in this field. 为了获得更多有关这一课题的信息，有必要在这个领域做更深入的研究。
Language Point 21
He realized that she was … (Para.3)
realize: vt.
1) understand or know 了解到，认识到
When I got home, I realized that I had lost my key. 我回到家才知道钥匙丢了。
Do you realize how happy you have made me? 你明白你使我多快乐吗？
2) make (a hope, purpose, fear, etc.) real 使（希望、目的、恐惧等）实现
She realized her ambition of becoming an actress. 她实现了当女演员的愿望。
My worst fears were realized when I saw the exam questions. 我一看到考题，就知道我最害怕的事情发生了。
Language Point 22
He realized that she was about to make an important discovery. （Para.3）
be about to: be going to 将要
He may not mean it now, but I think that is exactly what he is about to do.他现在可能无此意，但我认为这就是他将要做的事。
Language Point 23
… the Curies discovered two new elements … (Para.4)
discover: vt.
1) find or learn sth. for the first time 发现
Columbus discovered America in 1492. 哥伦布于1492年发现了美洲。
Scientists have discovered a new element. 科学家们发现了一种新元素。
2) find out 弄明白；发觉
We soon discovered the truth. 我们很快就查明了真相。
The police have discovered a bomb (炸弹) factory at a country house. 警察在乡间一所住宅里找到了一个制造炸弹的工厂。
Language Point 24
…two new elements that gave off X rays. (Para.4)
give off: 放射出, 发出, 散发出
For thousands of years fire has been used to give off light and warmth. 几千年来，火用于发光、发热。
Language Point 25
In those days, …(Para. 4)
in those days: 在那些日子里
I was a lonely person in those days and I had very little else to think about and few friends to talk to. 在那些日子里，我是一个孤独的人，没有更多东西要想，也没有朋友聊天。
Language Point 26
… no one knew that such materials were dangerous … (Para.4)
material: n.
1) [C; U] sth. that one uses for making or doing things 材料；原料
Wood and stones are building materials. 木材和石头都是建筑材料。
What kind of material is the bridge made of? 这座桥是用哪种材料建成的？
2) [U] cloth 布料
I don’t have enough material to make a dress. 我的布料不够做一件连衣裙。
Mother has some red material of which she’s going to make curtains. 母亲有些红色布料，她准备做窗帘。
3) [U] information based on which a written work is to be produced 资料；素材
I suppose you’ve come to find material for a novel? 我想你是来为小说收集材料的吧？
She’s collecting material for her paper. 她正在为写论文收集资料。
Language Point 27
… these materials caused their illnesses … (Para.4)
cause:
vt. be the reason for 造成；使发生
Who caused the accident? 是谁引起这场事故的？
The fire was caused by a cigarette. 这场火灾是由一支香烟引起的。
Some inventions have caused great changes in our way of life. 有些发明使我们的生活方式发生了巨大变化。
n.
1)[C] the thing or person that makes sth. happen 原因；起因
Ice on the road was the cause of the accident. 路上结冰是造成车祸的原因。
2)[U] sth. that provides a satisfactory reason for an action 理由；根据
I’m sure you have no cause for alarm. 我肯定你没有理由惊慌。
Language Point 28
… caused their illnesses … (Para.4)
illness: n. [C; U] sickness; disease 病；疾病
There seems to be a lot of illness in that family. 那一家人似乎病痛很多。
She wasn’t afraid of anything but a long and painful illness. 她什么都不怕，就怕患长期疼痛的疾病。
Language Point 29
… they proved that radium is real. (Para.4)
prove: v.
1) show that sth. is true 证明；证实
The blood (血迹) on his shirt proves that he is the killer. 他衬衫上的血迹证明他是凶手。
To prove her point, she showed them the latest sale figures (销售数据). 为了证明自己的观点，她给他们看了最近的销售数据。
2) turn out or be found to be 表明；显示出来
The job proved more difficult than we’d thought. 那工作比我们原来想像的困难得多。
The Minister (部长) proved himself to be a man of his word. 部长最后证明自己是说话算数的。
Language Point 30
On June 25, 1903, Madam Curie … (Para.5)
Madam: n. [sing.]
1) a respectful way of calling a woman 夫人，太太；女士；小姐
Madam Song Qingling is one of the best-respected ladies in China. 宋庆龄女士是中国最受爱戴的女性之一。
2) a word used at the beginning of a business letter to a woman 在商务信件的开首称呼女士的用词
Dear Madam … 尊敬的女士……
3) a polite way of speaking to a woman instead of using her name 夫人，太太；女士；小姐
“Can I help you, madam?” asked the shop assistant. “小姐，您要买点什么？”售货员问道。
Language Point 31
…to receive a doctor of science degree from … (Para.5)
degree: n.
1)[C] a title given by a university to a student who has completed the studying 学位
She has a bachelor's degree in mathematics. 她是数学学士。
To do the job, you must have a degree in chemistry. 要做这份工作, 你得有化学专业的学位。
2) [C] a unit of measure of temperature, angle, etc. （气温、角度等的）度，度数
Water boils at 100 degrees Celsius. 水在摄氏100度时沸腾。
The temperature today is two degrees higher than that of yesterday. 今天气温比昨天高两度。
Language Point 32
The Curies continued to work closely together until a terrible event happened. (Para.6)
Meaning: Marie and Pierre Curie continued to work together up to the time when a serious accident took place.
terrible: a.
1) causing dislike, fear, etc. 可怕的；令人震惊的
Something terrible has happened. 发生了一件可怕的事。
That night there was a terrible storm (风暴). 那天晚上刮了一场可怕的风暴。
Suddenly there was a terrible noise, and the train came off the rails (铁轨). 突然传来一声可怕的巨响，火车出轨了。
2) very serious, causing harm, destruction, etc. 严酷的，严重的
She had a terrible accident. 她出了严重事故。
Reports have just come in of a terrible crash (撞车) on the highway. 刚有消息传来，公路上发生了一起严重的撞车事故。
Language Point 33
...Pierre was killed in a street accident. (Para.6)
Meaning: ...Pierre died in a traffic accident.
accident: n. [C]
something often bad, that happens by chance 意外事件；事故
I broke the cup; it was an accident. 我失手把茶杯打破了。
I had an accident when I was driving to work — my car hit a tree. 我开车上班时出了事故 —— 我的汽车撞到了树上。
Language Point 34
… she made pure radium. (Para.6)
pure: a.
1) not mixed with anything else 纯净的
This shirt is pure cotton (棉). 这件衬衫是纯棉的。
She’s wearing a ring that looks like pure gold. 她戴着一枚看上去像纯金的戒指。
2) clean; free of harmful matter 洁净的，无有害物质的
The air by the sea is pure and healthy. 海滨的空气洁净，有益于健康。
The water in mountain rivers is usually pure. 山中的河水通常是洁净的。
Language Point 35
It was Marie Curie’s biggest success. (Para.6)
success: n.
1) [C] a person or thing that brings about a good result 成功的事，成功者
His new book was a great success. 他的新书获得巨大成功。
He is a great success as a teacher. 他是一名很出色的教师。
2) [U] a good result; achievement 成功，成就，胜利
I wish you success with your studies. 祝你学业有成。
He has achieved great success in his career (事业). 他在事业上取得很大的成就。
successful: a. having done what one has tried to do 成功的
Were you successful in making him change his mind? 你说服他改变主意了吗？
The best news was the successful progress (进展) of the research. 最好的消息是研究工作进展顺利。
Language Point 36
Over the years, Marie’s constant work with radium continued to hurt her health. (Para.7)
Meaning: During those years, Marie worked with radium all the time, which continued to cause damage to her health.
hurt: v.
1)cause pain either in body or in mind 弄痛，使受伤；使伤心
She hurt her leg when she fell. 她摔倒时伤了腿。
The car crashed into a tree; luckily no one was seriously hurt. 汽车撞到一棵树上，幸好没有人受重伤。
2)cause a feeling of pain; cause harm or difficulty 使痛苦；造成伤害或困难
It hurts when I raise my leg. 我的腿一抬起来就痛。
It wouldn’t hurt to say sorry to your sister. 对妹妹说声对不起没有什么不好。
Language Point 37
She died on July 4, 1934, from an illness caused by her life’s work: radium. (Para.7)
Meaning: On July 4, 1934, she died from an illness caused by her constant work with radium.
Language Point 38
As a scientist, she made important discoveries and achieved greatness in her field. (Para.7)
Meaning: As a scientist, she made valuable discoveries and did great things in her career.
achieve: vt. finish sth. successfully 完成；达到；实现
He will never achieve anything if he doesn’t work harder. 如果他不加紧努力工作，他将一事无成。
Maurice has achieved his goal of becoming a doctor. 莫里斯实现了当医生的愿望。
