Language Point 1
The newspaper reported the death of Alfred Nobel on April 13, 1888. (Para.1)
report: vt.
1)write about sth. that has happened 报道
Clearly, many crimes（罪行） are not reported in the newspaper because they are not discovered, or because they are not reported to the police. 很明显，许多犯罪活动没有在报纸上报道，这是因为它们没有被发现，或是没有被报告给警方。
The discovery of a new planet(行星) has been reported. 据报道发现了一颗新行星。
2)tell about sth. that has happened 报告
We have reported the accident to the police. 我们已经向警方报告了这起事故。
They reported the enemy to be ten miles away. 他们报告说敌人在10英里以外。
n. [C] sth. written for what has happened 报告, 报道
Did you read the newspaper reports about the accident? 你看了报纸上有关那起事故的报道吗？
When you come back, write a report about everything that was said and done at the meeting. 你回来后要写一份报告，汇报会议讨论和活动的全部内容。
Language Point 2
… the death of Alfred Nobel … (Para.1)
death: n. [C; U] the end of life; the state of being dead 死, 死亡
He became head of the company(公司) after his father’s death. 他父亲去世后他就掌管了公司。
There are thousands of deaths in car accidents every year. 每年有成千上万的人死于车祸。
Language Point 3
… of Alfred Nobel on April 13, 1888. (Para.1)
April: n. [C; U] the fourth month of the year 四月
It will be April next week. 下星期就是四月了。
His birthday(生日) is in April. 他的生日在四月。
April Fools’ (愚人) Day falls on April 1. 愚人节是每年的四月一日。
Language Point 4
The newspaper called him a person who traded in death… (Para.1)
Meaning: The newspaper called him a person who sold death …
Language Point 5
… called him a person … (Para.1)
call: v.
1)say or think that sth. or sb. is 认为……是；把……称为
People called him a hero for what he did.人们因为他所做的事称他为英雄。
2)give a name to 命名；称呼
His name is Richard but we all call him Dick. 他的名字是理查德，但是我们叫他迪克。
They called the baby Tom. 他们给孩子起名叫汤姆。
3) speak loudly 大声地说
“Breakfast is ready,” she called. “吃早饭了，” 她喊道。
She called out the names of the winners. 她大声宣布了获胜者的名单。
4) telephone sb. 给某人打电话
I’ll call you later. 我过一会儿给你打电话。
Who’s calling? 请问您是哪位？
Language Point 6
… who traded in death … (Para.1)
trade in: buy and sell 从事…… 交易
They traded in food, drinks and many other things. 他们做食品、饮料及其他许多东西的生意。
Most of his friends traded in the products(产品) of their own village and they all became rich.他的大部分朋友都做本村产品的生意，他们都富起来了。
trade: v.
1) buy and sell goods做生意
China trades with many different countries. 中国同很多国家有贸易往来。
2) exchange 互换；交易
The boy traded his knife for an old boat(船). 男孩用刀换了一条旧船。
n.
1) [U] the buying and selling of things 贸易，买卖
Trade also increased greatly. 贸易也有很大增长。
2) [C] a particular type of business 行业
It would be better if he learned a trade. 如果他能学一门行当就更好了。
The young man is learning the shoe-maker’s trade. 这个年轻人在学做鞋匠。
Language Point 7
… had developed and sold explosives. (Para.1)
explosive: n. [C] a material that can burst suddenly with a very loud noise 炸药
Keep the children away from the explosives; they are dangerous! 让孩子们离炸药远点儿，很危险！
Language Point 8
In fact, Alfred Nobel’s business had made him a very rich man. (Para.1)
in fact: as a matter of fact 实际上; 其实
In fact, it turned out to be much better than we had thought. 实际上结果比我们想的好得多。
Language Point 9
In fact, Alfred Nobel’s business had … (Para.1)
business: n.
1) [U] buying and selling things 买卖；生意
I want to go into business when I leave school. 我打算毕业以后去做买卖。
Business is not very good this year. 今年生意不太好。
2) [C] a shop 商店
My uncle has a business in Leeds. 我叔叔在利兹有一家商店。
He runs a second-hand car business. 他开了一家经营二手车的商店。
3) [sing.] matter 事情
That’s none of your business. 那不关你的事。
What I feel about Stuart is my own business. 对斯图尔特怎么看是我自己的事。
4) [U] duty 责任
It’s a mother’s business to help her children. 帮助子女是妈妈的责任。
My business is selling cars; yours is studying at school. 我的任务是卖车，你的任务是在学校学习。
Language Point 10
The newspaper story continued, giving Alfred Nobel’s age, nation, and other information about his business. (Para.1)
Meaning: The newspaper story went on, telling readers how old Alfred Nobel was, where he was from and what he did for business.
Language Point 11
The newspaper story continued … (Para.1)
continue: v.
1)go on doing or happening 连续，继续
We continued working until five o’clock. 我们一直工作到五点钟。
The rain continued all the afternoon. 雨不停地下了一个下午。
2)start again after a break (中断后)再开始
Let’s have lunch now and continue the meeting this afternoon. 我们现在吃午饭，下午再接着开会。
3)go further 继续走
We continued along the road until we came to the river. 我们沿着路一直走到河边。
They continued their march in the rain. 他们在雨中继续行军。
Language Point 12
… giving Alfred Nobel’s age, nation … (Para.1)
age: n.
1）[C] the length of time a person has lived 年龄
I started work at the age of 16. 我16岁开始工作。
If you love somebody, age doesn’t make a difference. 如果你爱一个人，不必在乎年龄。
2）[U] being old 老年
Her hair was gray with age. 因为年老，她的头发已经花白了。
3）[C] a certain time in history 年代
It was the golden age of the novel. 那是这部小说的黄金时代。
The village itself is well over 1,000 years old; in the Middle Ages it had a very important church (教堂). 这个村子已有1,000多年的历史了，在中世纪时，这里有一个非常重要的教堂。
4）[C] a very long time 很长时间
I’ve been waiting here for ages. 我在这里等了很久。
He has been crying out for help for ages, and I am sure that this new chance is just what he is looking for. 他寻求帮助已很长时间了，我相信这个新机遇正是他所要的。
Language Point 13
… and other information about his business. (Para.1)
information: n. [U] sth. that gives knowledge in the form of facts 消息；信息；报道
I hope you’ll send me the information soon. 我希望你尽快把信息发给我。
We received information that you had arrived. 我们得到消息说你已经到达。
inform: vt. tell sth. to sb. 通知
You should inform the police about the accident. 你应该向警方报告这起事故。
He wanted to inform them immediately of his success. 他想把他成功的消息立刻告诉他们。
Language Point 14
However, the words about … (Para.1)
however: ad. 然而，但是
She is very clever. However, she is quite lazy. 她非常聪明。但是她很懒。
Most people, however, praised John. 但是很多人都赞扬约翰。
The winters are usually not very cold. In the mountains, however, the winters are cold. 冬天一般很温和，但在山区冬天也很冷。
These machines are very old. They are still widely used, however. 这种机器现在已经很老了，但仍然被广泛地使用。
Language Point 15
… the words about “trading in death” were all that the 55-year-old man read. (Para.1)
Meaning: …the 55-year-old man was only concerned about the words about “trading in death”.
Language Point 16
Alfred Nobel put down the newspaper sadly. (Para.2)
put down: place sth. down 放下
Would you please put down your book and join us in our meeting? 你能否放下你的书来参加我们的会议？
Language Point 17
…and the French newspaper had made a mistake. (Para.2)
make a mistake: do wrongly; get sth. wrong 犯错误
Be perfect, that is, never make a mistake and always be “good”. 要十全十美，也就是说不要犯错，永远是对的。
If you understand why you have to do certain things, you are less likely to make a mistake. 如果你明白了为什么要做某些事，你就可能少犯错误。
Language Point 18
All the same, Alfred Nobel was worried. (Para.2)
Meaning: Even so, Alfred Nobel was worried.
all the same: even so; still 尽管如此，仍然
I don’t think so, but thanks all the same.我不同意，但我还是非常感谢。
None of them understood the words, but they nodded all the same.没有一个人看得懂这些话，但他们还是点了点头。
Language Point 19
… going to remember him? (Para.2)
remember: v.
1) keep sth. in one’s mind 纪念，记住
I want you to have it. Keep it to remember us both. 我希望你把它留下，作为对我们两人的纪念。
I couldn’t remember ever seeing him on TV. 我不记得在电视上看到过他。
That happened 20 years ago, and you still remember. 那件事发生在20年前，但你还记得。
2) take care not to forget sth. 记住(做某事)
Did you remember to send out the letter? 你记住把信寄了吗？
Remember to telephone/call me tonight. 记住今晚给我打电话。
Don’t forget to e-mail him. Please remember! 别忘了给他发电子邮件。请记住！
3)send good wishes to sb. 向……问好
Remember me to my friends. 请代我向我的朋友们问好。
Please remember me to your brother when you see him. 见到你哥哥请代我向他问好。
Language Point 20
He had spent his life working … (Para.2)
spend: vt.
1) use time for sth. 花时间，度过
I think he will spend his holidays with her. 我想他会和她一起度假。
He spent his life worrying about his health — being afraid he was going to die soon. 他一生都为健康担心——怕他会很快死去。
2)give out money in payment 花钱
She spent a lot of money on her clothes. 她花了很多钱买衣服。
How do you spend your time when you are not in the office? 你不在办公室上班的时间是怎样度过的？
Language Point 21
He created his explosive … (Para.2)
create: vt. produce sth. new 创造，创作
Do you think that God created the world? 你相信上帝创造世界的说法吗？
The company has created a new type of machine. 那家公司研制了一种新型的机器。
Language Point 22
He created his explosive to save lives … (Para.2)
save: v.
1) take sb. away from danger救，挽救
He saved the child from the fire. 他从大火中救出孩子。
It’s still hard to know if I’ve saved them all, but at least I know I’ve done my best. 很难知道我是否把他们都救出来了，但至少我已尽了最大的努力。
2)keep sth., especially money, to use later 储蓄
He was saving money to go to college. 他在存钱准备上大学。
If you save now, you will be able to buy a car soon. 如果你现在存钱，很快就能买辆汽车。
3)use less of sth. 节省
She saves money by making her own clothes. 她自己做衣服省下些钱。
This method will save us much time and labor. 这个方法可以为我们节省大量的时间和人力。
Language Point 23
Alfred Nobel invented his explosive at a perfect moment in time. (Para. 3)
Meaning: Alfred Nobel invented his explosive at the most suitable time.
Language Point 24
… at a perfect moment … (Para.3)
perfect: a.
1)the most suitable 最合适的
This big house is perfect for our large family. 这座大房子最适合我们的大家庭了。
That is a perfect place for children to go. 那是最适宜孩子们去的地方。
2)so good that it can not be better 完美的
Of course there is no perfect way out. 当然没有十全十美的办法。
“Good evening,” she said in perfect English. “晚上好，”她用纯正的英语说。
3)complete; thorough 完全的，十分的
The place was perfect to the young man. 对那个年轻人来说，这个地方很理想。
I have perfect trust (信任) in what he says. 我完全相信他说的话。
vt. make perfect 使完美
They worked hard to perfect their dance. 他们努力使自己的舞蹈完美无缺。
He went to France to perfect his French. 为了使自己的法语纯正地道，他去了法国。
Language Point 25
Many countries were beginning to build … (Para.3)
begin: v.
1）do or be the first part; make a start 开始(做某事)；着手(做某事)
When he was twelve he began to sell newspapers. 他12岁开始卖报。
At that moment, everyone began dancing. 这时大家都跳起舞来了。
2）start 开始
School begins again in September. 学校9月又开学了。
He didn’t quite know how to begin. 他不知道如何开始。
Note: begin 和 start 的意思很相近，但在非正式场合多用 start。两词后面均可接动词不定式 或动词的 –ing 形式 。
begin 或 start 本身为–ing 形式时，其后一定接动词不定式。begin 常用于起动点不一定非常清楚、准确的场合， start 常用于起动点非常清楚、准确的场合。
His health began to turn for the better. 他的健康状况开始好转。（不用start）
The driver started the car. 司机发动了汽车。（不用begin）
beginning: n. [C; U] the start; the starting point 开始，起点
That was the beginning of my troubles. 这只是我麻烦的开始。
This will be a new beginning for me. 这将是我的一个新起点。
Language Point 26
… build roads through mountains … (Para.3)
mountain: n. [C] a very high hill 山
Mount Everest is the highest mountain in the world. 埃佛勒斯峰(即珠穆朗玛峰)是世界上最高的山。
He looked down from the top of the mountain to the village far away. 他从山顶上眺望下面远处的村庄。
Language Point 27
… for such peaceful uses. (Para.3)
peaceful: a.
1)with no fighting 和平的；太平的
After the war, explosives were put to peaceful uses. 战后，炸药被用于和平用途。
We hope for nothing but a peaceful world. 我们只想要一个和平的世界。
2)quiet and calm 安静的；平静的
The village looks so peaceful. 村庄显得那样宁静。
We spent a peaceful night in the mountains. 我们在山里度过了一个平静的夜晚。
Language Point 28
… had the same great weapons … (Para.3)
weapon: n. [C] sth. that one uses for fighting or killing 武器
This is a picture of modern weapons. 这是一张现代武器的图片。
The knife was the weapon that killed Cass. 那把刀就是杀死卡斯的凶器。
Language Point 29
… would surely be destroyed. (Para.3)
destroy: vt.
1) break into pieces; make useless摧毁；毁灭
The house was destroyed by fire. 房子被大火烧毁了。
The rain destroyed most of his crop. 那场大雨毁掉了他的大部分庄稼。
Don’t destroy that box; it may be useful. 不要毁掉那个盒子，它或许有用。
2) put an end to 打破；破灭
The car accident totally destroyed his plan to go to a foreign country. 那场车祸彻底打破了他出国的计划。
All his hopes were destroyed. 他的一切希望都破灭了。
Language Point 30
Many people of his day also thought this way. (Para. 3)
of his day: of his time; of his age 某人所处的时代
Alfred Nobel invented a safe but strong explosive, for explosives of his day were dangerous to use. 阿尔弗雷德•诺贝尔发明了又安全又威力大的炸药，因为在他那个时代的炸药很危险。
Language Point 31
Nobel was worried about the way the world looked at him… (Para.4)
Meaning: Nobel was anxious about what people thought of him…
be worried about: be anxious about 为……担心，为……发愁
He would have liked to slow down the car but he was worried about what might be coming up behind him. 他原本想减速，但他担心在车后会发生什么意外。
He was worried about meeting his wife after so many things had happened. 在发生了那么多的事之后，他不敢同他的妻子见面。
Language Point 32
Nobel read about the plan, and at last he knew what to do with his money. (Para.4)
at last: finally 最后，终于
After much thinking he had at last begun to work on a book about his life, which, sadly, he left unfinished. 在想了许久之后，他最终开始动笔写一本关于他生活的书，然而可惜的是，这本书并未完成。
Language Point 33
… his money should be used for a prize … (Para.4)
prize: n. [C] sth. given to the person who wins a game, race, etc. (给予获胜者的) 奖; 奖品; 奖金
Prizes would be given there. 奖品将在那里颁发。
But it is not quite common that no woman has won the prize since the beginning. 从开始至今还没有妇女获得过这个奖项，这是很少见的事。
Language Point 34
People all over the world wondered who … (Para.5)
wonder: v.
1)want to know 想知道
I wonder why he didn’t come. 我想知道他怎么没来。
Mary wondered what was going on. 玛丽想知道发生了什么事。
I was wondering if you would act as my helper. 我在想你是否愿意当我的助手。
2)feel great surprise 感到惊奇
We wondered at how well he worked. 我们佩服他干得那么好。
The fact that she left home is not to be wondered at. 她离家出走是不足为奇的。
We wondered to see him so pleased. 看见他那么开心，我们很吃惊。
n.
1)[U] a feeling caused by sth. strange, surprising or beautiful 惊奇; 惊叹
The little girl looked at the beautiful box in wonder . 小女孩惊奇地盯着这个漂亮的盒子。
2) [C] sth. that gives one this feeling 奇迹；奇观
He has created the wonders of modern medicine. 他创造了现代医学的奇迹。
However, a good night’s sleep and a hearty breakfast worked wonders, and the whole team was soon ready for another hard day on the mountain. 然而，晚上的安寝和一顿丰盛的早餐产生了奇迹，整个队伍都准备好了在山峰上再苦干一天。
Language Point 35
They were very surprised when they learned of Alfred Nobel’s plan … (Para.5)
Meaning: They were very surprised when they were told about Alfred Nobel’s plan …
learn of: become informed of 获悉，得知，了解
He will learn of this at the end, when it is all over, and even then only indirectly. 在事过之后，他最终会知道的，即使是间接地了解到。
She was never to learn of his plans as he went to New York the next day and never returned. 她永远也无从知道他的计划了，因为他第二天去了纽约，而且一去不返。
Language Point 36
… Alfred Nobel’s plan to award prizes …(Para.5)
award: vt. give as the result of an official decision 给予，授予
The school awarded Judy a prize for her good work. 因为功课好学校发给朱迪一份奖品。
Harrison was awarded a prize of $ 20,000 by the government. 政府颁发给哈里森二万美元的奖金。
Language Point 37
… in the fields of physics … (Para.5)
in the field of: in a branch of knowledge or an area of activity在……领域，在……范围
Here she heads the research team trying to find out new uses of the medicine in the fields of memory loss and other health problems. 她领导一个研究组，探求这种药在治疗记忆丧失和其他疾病方面的新用途。
He was active in the fields of housing, education and health care for children. 他在住房、教育、儿童保健等领域非常活跃。
Language Point 38
… in the fields of physics, chemistry, medicine … (Para.5)
medicine: n.
1) [U] 医学
He was studying medicine at the University of Warsaw. 他在华沙大学学医。
In the 19th century, medicine had great achievements. 19世纪医学有了很大的成就。
2) [C; U] 药；药水
His doctor was handing him a glass of medicine. 他的医生正在递给他一杯药。
What he drank must have had some sleeping-medicine in it. 他的饮料里一定有安眠药。
Language Point 39
… chemistry, medicine, literature … (Para.5)
literature: n. [U] the study of written works which have artistic value 文学
nineteenth-century Russian literature 19世纪俄国文学
Language Point 40
… an award for economics … (Para. 5)
economics: n. [U] 经济学
Both of them chose a course in economics. 他们两人都选了经济学的课。
Wednesday: Nobel Prize for economics to be awarded in Stockholm. 星期三：诺贝尔经济学奖在斯德哥尔摩授予。
Language Point 41
… an award for economics was added. (Para.5)
add: vt.
1) put together with sth. else so as to increase the number, size, or importance 增加；添加
They also added a new idea to the plan. 他们在计划中增加了一个新想法。
They add more tea once he has taken the first cup. 他喝了第一杯之后，他们再加茶水。
2) put numbers together 把数目合在一起；加
If you add 2 and 5, you get 7. 5加2等于7。
Add 5 and 5, and you get 10. 5加5得10。
3)say sth. more 又说；补充说
“Go away — don’t come back again,” she added. “走开，再也别回来了，”她又说。
“Why not?” she added when her friends looked surprised. 看到她的朋友们显得很吃惊，她接着说，"为什么不呢？”
Language Point 42
… but the decision that he made … (Para.6)
decision: n.
1)[C; U] a choice about what should be done 决定；抉择
He knew he’d made the right decision. 他知道他做了正确的决定。
Rachel looked surprised at such a sudden decision. 对这个突然的决定，雷切尔显得很惊讶。
2) [U] ability to decide and act accordingly 决心；决断
A man who lacks(缺乏) decision cannot hold a position of responsibility. 不能决断的人无法担当重任。
The manager must be a man of decision. 经理一定是个果断的人。
decide: vt. choose sth. after thinking 决定
I’ll buy you a drink, and then we can decide where to have dinner. 我去给你买杯饮料，然后我们决定去哪里吃晚饭。
I cannot decide which child sings better. 我不能肯定哪个孩子唱得好些。
Language Point 43
… but the decision that he made as a result finally gave him what he wanted. (Para.6)
Meaning: … but as a result of the wrong report his decision gave him what he wanted at last.
as a result : caused or produced by sth. else 作为结果；结果是
Alfred Nobel decided to create a prize and as a result he was remembered as a man of peace. 阿尔弗雷德•诺贝尔决定设立一项奖金，他因此被人们铭记为一个热爱和平的人。
Language Point 44
… now the world thinks of him the way he wanted to be remembered. (Para.6)
Meaning: … now people think of him as the kind of man that he wanted them to remember.
