overwhelm
vt. 1. cover (sth./sb.) completely or cause to feel a sudden strong feeling
使不知所措, (感情上) 使（某人）受不了
They were overwhelmed by sadness when their baby died.
婴儿死时他们悲痛欲绝。
I was quite overwhelmed by excitement when my team won the game.
当我的球队赢得比赛胜利之时我激动不已。
2. defeat
胜过，击败
They were overwhelmed by the enemy.
他们被敌军击败了。
The policeman overwhelmed the robber by holding his arm.
警察抓住抢劫者的胳膊制服了他。
spin
v. 1. (cause to) move round and round quickly
（使）迅速地旋转
The hit sent the car spinning across the road.
那辆车被撞得打着转横过了马路。
I feel faint and the room is spinning.
我感到晕晕乎乎的，觉得房间在旋转。
2. make (thread) by twisting (cotton, etc.)
纺线，纺纱，纺织
In the story of Sleeping Beauty, the princess found an old woman spinning.
在《睡美人》的故事中，公主发现有一个老妇在纺纱。
n. [C, U] the action of turning or spinning movement
旋转
I hit something on the road, which sent the car into a spin.
我开车撞到了路上的什么东西，使得车子直打转。
Suddenly, the plane went into a spin.
飞机突然旋转起来。
title
vt. give a name to (a book, an article, etc.)
给(书、文章等) 取名
Shakespeare titled his play A Mid-summer Night's Dream.
莎士比亚把他的剧本定名为 《仲夏夜之梦》。
Have you found the book titled Water Margin.
你找到书名为 《水浒传》的 那本书了吗?
n. 1. [C] a name given to a book, picture, etc.
名称，题目
I can never remember film titles.
我从来就记不住电影的片名。
This next record bears the title The Red Shoes.
下一张唱片的名字就是《红鞋子》。
2. [C] a word which is used before sb.'s name
称呼，头衔
What's his title? Is he Doctor or just Professor?
称呼他什么？ 博士还是教授？
What's your job title now? Are you managing director?
你现在的职位是什么？ 是总经理吗？
react
vi. 1.behave differently or change as a result of sth.
作出反应，回应
People can react badly to certain food.
人们对某些食物会有不良反应。
How did she react when you told her you were leaving?
你告诉她你要离开时她怎样反应？
2. (against) respond to sb./sth. with hostility
反对，反抗
She beat him and called him names, but he didn't react.
她打他，骂他，但他没还手。
The judge reacted angrily to the suggestion that he hadn't been fair.
法官对于那些说他不公正的言论做出了愤怒的反应。
reactor
n. [C] 原子反应堆，核反应堆
tense
a. 1. unable to relax
紧张的
She was very tense as she waited for the interview.
在等待面试时她很紧张。
You seem very tense. Are you still waiting for that phone call?
你看来很紧张。你还在等那电话吗？
2. stretched tight
拉紧的，绷紧的
You cannot play the piano properly if your fingers are too tense.
如果你的手指太僵直，就弹不好钢琴。
His muscles are hard and tense.
他的肌肉又僵又硬。
v. (cause sb./sth. to) become tense
（使）紧张，（使）绷直
Having tensed his muscles, he is waiting for the race to start.
他绷紧了肌肉，等待着比赛开始。
She tensed up as the car turned.
汽车转向时，她紧张起来。
cholesterol
n. [U] 胆固醇
This cooking oil is low in cholesterol.
这种烹调油胆固醇含量低。
excess
a. extra or additional
额外的，附加的
Excess exercise can sometimes cause health problems.
过度的锻炼有时会导致健康问题。
We might seem to be carrying excess supplies but they would be necessary in the case of an emergency.
看上去我们所带的东西多了些，但情况紧急时，它们会派上用场。
n. an amount which is more than acceptable, expected or reasonable
无节制，过量
An excess of enthusiasm is not always a good thing.
过分热情并不总是一件好事。
They both eat to excess.
他们俩都吃得太多了。
fiber (英fibre)
n. [C, U] 纤维，纤维物质
You need more fiber in your diet — eat more cereals and fruit.
你需要摄取更多的纤维素——多吃谷物和水果。
Natural fibers, such as cotton, tend to be used in sportswear because they are cooler.
天然的纤维物质，如棉花，往往会用来做运动衫，因为它们穿起来比较凉爽。
circuit
n. 1. [C] a closed connection of wires through which electricity can flow
电路
There is something wrong with the electrical circuit.
电路中发现了一点毛病。
There must be a break in the circuit.
线路一定断了。
2.[C] sth. shaped like a circle
环道，环形道
We made a circuit of the city walls before lunch.
午饭前我们沿着城墙转了一个圈。
They test the cars on a motor racing circuit.
他们在赛车环道上测试汽车。
worm
n. [C]虫，蠕虫
There are a lot of worms in the soil.
泥土中有许多虫子。
It's terrible enough to find a worm in your apple but finding half of one is worse.
在苹果中发现一条虫是够可怕的，但发现半条虫则更让人恶心。
pump
n. [C] a machine or device for forcing water, gas or air into, out of or through sth.
泵
water pump
抽水机
The doctor removed the contents of her stomach with a stomach pump.
医生用胃泵清除掉她胃里的东西。
vt. cause air, gas, water, etc. to move in a specified direction by using a pump
（用泵）抽吸（或运送）
The heart pumps the blood round the body.
心脏使血液在身体内循环。
We took turns pumping out the boat.
我们轮流用泵把船里的水抽干。
attribute
vt. (used in the phrase: ~ sth. to sb. / sth.) regard sth. as belonging to, caused by or produced by sb./sth.
把……归因于，把……归咎于
She attributes her success to hard work and a bit of luck.
她把她的成功归于努力和小小的运气。
We attribute our success to being in the right place at the right time.
我们把成功归因于天时地利。
n. [C] a quality regarded as a natural part of sb./sth.
特性，属性
Patience is one of the most important attributes in a teacher.
耐心是教师最重要的品质之一。
One of the attributes of this plastic is its ability to bend without breaking.
这种塑料的特性之一是其可弯曲而不会断裂。
exterior
n. [C] an external appearance, outside
外部，外面，外表
He is a gentle man with a rough exterior.
他是一个外表粗鲁但性情温和的男人。
The exterior of the house needs painting.
房子外面需要粉刷。
a. on or coming from the outside
外部的，外面的，外表的
In some of the villages the exterior walls of the houses are painted pink.
有一些村庄的外墙刷成了粉红色。
Exterior to the main house there is a small building that could be used as an office.
主建筑外面，有一个可用作办公室的附加小建筑。
interior
n. [C] the inner part; inside
内部
He had the pictures of the house from the outside but none of its interior.
他有这栋房子的外观图片，但没有内部的图片。
This house has a modern interior.
这所房子的内部装修很现代化。
a. in or coming from the inside
内部的
The interior walls have pictures on them.
内墙上挂着画。
The paint on the interior doors is in good condition.
里面门上的油漆保存完好。
destructive
a. causing serious damage
破坏的
Lack of trust is very destructive in a relationship.
缺乏信任对维持关系有很大的危害性。
They are very concerned about the destructive effects that violent films may have on children.
他们很担心暴力片对儿童可能产生的危害作用。
perfection
n. [U] state of being perfect
完美，十全十美，尽善尽美
Perfection is impossible to achieve in that kind of work.
那种工作是不可能达到十全十美的。
He spends hours doing exercises for physical perfection.
他花了许多时间进行锻炼以达到体格上的完美。
perfectionist
n. [C] a person who is not satisfied with anything less than perfection
力求完美者，完美主义者，凡事求全者
She's such a perfectionist that she notices even the smallest mistakes.
她是一个完美主义者，甚至连极其细小的毛病也不会放过。
He's a perfectionist about singing.
他在演唱方面是个完美主义者。
delegate
vt. 1.give (duties or rights, etc.) to sb. in a lower position or grade
授权，委托权限
The job had to be delegated to an assistant.
那项工作只得交给一位助手去办理。
The boss doesn't know how to delegate.
老板不知道如何用人。
2. choose or send sb. as a representative
选派代表
A group of four teachers were delegated to represent the school at the meeting.
由4名教师组成的小组已被派去代表学校参加会议。
n. [C] a person chosen or elected by a group to speak, vote, etc. for them, esp. at a meeting
代表
Delegates have voted for this suggestion.
代表们已经投票赞同这项建议。
Each union chooses several delegates to the yearly meeting.
每个工会选出几位代表参加年度会议。
cycle
n. 1. [C] a series of events that are regularly repeated in the same order
循环，周期
I enjoy the cycle of the seasons.
无论四季变幻，我都乐在其中。
She complained about the endless cycle of getting up, going to work and coming home, day after day.
她抱怨生活就是这样：起床、上班、回家，日复一日无休止的循环。
2. [C] a bicycle, motor-cycle, etc.
自行车（脚踏车），摩托车
The shop sells a large range of cycles.
这家店出售各种各样的自行车。
Do you know where there's a good cycle shop?
你知道哪儿有好的自行车店吗？
vi. ride a bicycle
骑自行车
He cycles to work every day.
他每天骑车去上班。
Shall we cycle into town or go by bus?
我们是骑自行车还是乘公共汽车进城？
emphasis
n. [U, C] (placing of) special meaning, value or importance (on sth.)
强调
The emphasis here is on hard work, not enjoyment.
这里强调的是苦干，而不是享乐。
The quarrel arose from their different emphases on controlling sales.
争吵出自他们对控制销售所置重点的不同。
jam
n. 1. [C] crowding together of people, things, etc. so that movement is difficult or impossible
堵塞
a traffic jam
交通堵塞
We were stuck in a jam for two hours.
我们已经被堵了两个小时。
2. [U] 果酱
strawberry jam
草莓酱
jam sandwich
果酱三明治
vt. thrust sth. into a space
把……塞入，挤入
The newspapers were so tightly jammed in the letter-box that he could hardly get them out.
信箱里的报纸塞得太多了，他几乎没法把它们拿出来。
He jammed the boxes into the back of the car.
他将盒子全塞到汽车的后部。
vi. be unable to move
卡住，轧住
The door jammed behind me and I was locked out.
门在我后面卡住了，我被关在了外面。
The key turned halfway and then jammed.
钥匙转了半圈就转不动了。
argument
n. 1. [C] a quarrel
争论，争吵
The children had an argument about what game to play.
孩子们为玩什么游戏发生了争吵。
He got into an argument with Jeff last night.
昨晚他跟杰夫吵了一场。
2. [C] a reason or reasons put forward
论据，论点，理由
Her husband was not convinced by her argument that they needed a bigger house.
她认为需要一幢更大的房子，但她丈夫并没有被她的观点所说服。
I don't think that's a very strong argument.
我认为这个理由不充分。
stir
v. 1.move (sth.) in a round motion through a liquid or mixture
搅和，搅拌，拌匀
Use a spoon to stir the sauce.
用调羹来搅拌调料。
Slowly add the flour, stirring until completely blended.
慢慢地加进面粉，搅拌到完全混合为止。
2. excite (a person or his feelings, etc.)
使激动，惹起，激起
The story stirred the boy's imagination.
那故事激起了男孩子的想像力。
The speech stirred the crowd to take action.
这讲话激起群众采取行动。
n. 1. [C] the action of stirring
搅和，搅拌
Give the soup a stir.
把汤搅动一下。
Could you give the salad a quick stir?
你能把沙拉拌一下吗？
2. [U] excitement; fuss
激动；骚乱，动乱
The news caused quite a stir in the village.
这条消息在村子里引起了很大的骚动。
The suggestion caused a stir of interest in the class.
这建议在班级里激起了很大兴趣。
outlet
n. 1. [C] means of setting free (energy, strong feelings, etc.)
发泄（精力、感情）的方法
Children need an outlet for their energy.
孩子们要有发泄精力的途径。
Writing letters was his only form of emotional outlet.
写信是他感情宣泄的惟一方式。
2. [C] way out
出口
the outlet of a lake
湖泊的出水口
The waste water outlet jammed suddenly.
废水出口突然堵了。
physiological
a. 生理的，生理学的
They are doing research on the physiological effects of space travel.
他们正在研究宇宙航行对生理的影响。
The cause is unknown, but several physiological and psychological factors have been suggested.
原因还不清楚，但提出了人们几个生理和心理方面的因素。
physiologically
ad. 生理上，在生理学上
recommend
vt. 1. suggest; advise
建议，劝告
I recommend your meeting him first.
我建议你先和他见个面。
The doctor recommended that she should stop smoking as soon as possible.
医生建议她尽快戒烟。
2. praise sb. as suitable for a purpose or for a post
推荐，举荐
Can you recommend any cheap hotels?
你能否介绍些便宜的酒店？
The headmaster agreed to recommend the teachers' suggestions to the government.
校长同意把教师的建议向政府推荐。
financial
a. concerning money
财政的，金融的
Tokyo and New York are major financial centers.
东京和纽约是主要的金融中心。
The government is now in financial difficulties.
政府目前财政很困难。
financially
ad. being financial
在金融上，在财政上
The plan is not financially suitable.
从财政角度看，这个计划不恰当。
It is very common for students to be financially dependent on their parents.
学生在经济上依赖父母是很常见的事。
independent
a. 1. not dependent (on other people or things); not controlled (by other people or things)
独立的，自主的，自立的
She never borrows anything; she's far too independent for that.
她从不借东西，她独立性太强，不愿意那样做。
Now that Jean's got a job she's financially independent.
既然琼已找到了一份工作，在经济上便独立了。
2. not unfairly influenced by the people
无偏见的，中立的
We demand an independent observer for the government's handling of the affair.
对政府处理此事的情况，我们要求有一个独立观察员。
An independent adviser can tell you which is the best plan.
一个中立的顾问能告诉你哪一个是最佳方案。
stimulate
vt. make sb./sth. more active
刺激，激励，激发
Praise always stimulates him to further efforts.
表扬总是激励他更进一步努力。
The book was trying to stimulate discussion of the problem of global warming.
这书试图激起人们对全球变暖问题的讨论。
temper
n. 1. [C] state of the mind as regards anger or calmness
心情，情绪
He is in a bad temper.
他心情不好。
Ask her when she's in a better temper.
等她心情好一点的时候再问她。
2. the usual state of your feelings which makes you become angry easily or stay calm
性情，脾气
I admire people with an even temper.
我羡慕那些性情平和的人。
I found it hard to keep my temper with so many things going wrong.
这么多事情都变得一团糟，使我很难不发脾气。
vt. soften the effects of sth.
使缓和，软化，调和
His joy that she was alive was tempered by the knowledge that she would never walk again.
她再也不能走路的消息冲淡了他知道她还活着的快乐心情。
He tried to temper the bad news with some hope of better things in the future.
他尽量用对未来的美好憧憬来冲淡这坏消息。
priority
n. 1. [C] the thing that is (regarded as) more important than others
优先处理的事
You must decide what your priorities are.
你必须确定先做什么。
The management did not seem to consider office safety to be a priority.
管理部门似乎觉得办公室安全并不是需要优先考虑的问题。
2. [U] the state or right of coming before others in position or time
居先，优先（权）
Official business takes priority over personal requests.
公事应放在私事之上。
I have priority over you in my demand.
我的要求比你的优先。
viewpoint
n. [C] a point of view
观点，看法
It's my viewpoint that the price is much too high.
价格实在太高，这是我的看法。
Everyone will have a chance to make his/her viewpoint known.
每个人都将有机会发表自己的观点。
troublesome
a. giving trouble; causing pain
令人烦恼的，麻烦的，使人痛苦的
My cough is rather troublesome today.
今天我的咳嗽真讨厌。
Her knee has been troublesome for quite a while, and she may need an operation on it.
她膝盖已疼了很长时间，或许需要动手术。
politician
n. 1. [C] a person who is able at handling people or situations, or at getting people to do what he wants
政客
You need to be a bit of politician to succeed in this company.
要想在这个公司取得成功，你得有点儿政客的手腕。
She thinks that politicians cannot be trusted.
她认为从政者不可信。
2. [C] a person actively concerned with political affairs
政治家
Every politician dreams of leading his own party one day.
每一个政治家都梦想有一天能领导自己的党派。
deadline
n. [C] a point in time by which sth. must be done
最后期限
I have a March deadline for the novel.
三月是我完成这部小说的最后期限。
There's no way I can meet that deadline.
我无法在最后期限前完成。
flee
v. run or hurry away; escape
逃跑，逃避，逃逸
Everyone fled from the building when the fire alarm sounded.
当火警响起时，人人都从大楼里逃出来。
She fled the room in tears.
她满脸泪水地逃出了房间。
be out of control
become no longer manageable
失去控制，不听约束
The children are out of control.
孩子们不听管教。
The situation was out of our control.
事态已失去了控制。
blood pressure
血压
Politicians always raise his blood pressure.
政治家总是使他血压升高。（即：使他非常愤怒）
blow one's top
lose one's temper
大发雷霆
My father will blow his top when he sees what happened to the car.
我父亲看到车子这个样子肯定会大发雷霆。
When he told her how much it cost, she blew her top.
当他告诉她东西的价格时，她大发脾气。
stir in one's own juice
suffer from unpleasant feelings
受煎熬
blow apart
break by an explosion
爆炸
His car had been blown apart.
他的车被炸得支离破碎。
on one's trail
on one's way
在……路上
cut down
reduce the amount or quantity of sth.
减少……的数量
The factory cannot afford to employ any more workers, so it will have to cut down on production.
这个工厂没有能力再增雇工人，所以它只好减少生产。
In these times of rising prices, we must all cut down on our spending.
在这个物价上涨的时期，我们都必须紧缩开支。
keep sth. in mind
remember sth.
记住
You must keep your parents' needs in mind when you make your decisions.
当你作决定时，不要忘了你父母的需要。
We must keep in mind that the younger people might not like the idea.
我们必须考虑到，年轻人可能不喜欢这个想法。
Robert S. Eliot
罗伯特•S•埃利奥特
Nebraska
内布拉斯加州（美国州名）
Ben Franklin
本•弗兰克林
