workaholic
n. [C] a person who works without stop
闲不下来的人，工作狂
A self-confessed workaholic, Tony can't remember when he last had a holiday.
托尼自己承认是个工作狂，他记不起上次休假是什么时候了。
dimension
n. 1.[C] a factor
方面，特点
There is a dimension to the problem that we have not discussed.
这个问题中有一个方面我们还没有讨论。
His character has several different dimensions.
他的性格是多方面的。
2. [C, U] measures for length, width, etc.
尺度（宽，长，厚，高）
What are the dimensions of the room?
这个房间的长宽高是多少？
It will be a building of vast dimension.
这将是幢巨大的建筑。
dimensional
a. having the stated number of dimensions
（构成复合词的）有……维的，……方面的
Space is considered to be three-dimensional and time is thought of as the fourth dimension.
空间被认为是三维的，而时间则被看作第四维。
A square is two-dimensional and a cube is three-dimensional.
正方形是二维的，立方体是三维的。
constant
a. 1. going on all the time; happening again and again
经常的，永恒的，不断的
He's in constant trouble with the police.
警察常常找上他。
They make constant use of their computers.
他们经常使用计算机。
2. unchanging; fixed
不变的，固定的
Pressure in the container remains constant.
容器里的压力保持不变。
We've kept a constant speed all the journey.
旅途中我们保持着平稳的速度。
constantly
ad. continuously
经常地，不断地
She has the television on constantly.
她经常开着电视机。
She worries constantly.
她时常发愁。
drunk
a. 1. excited by alcoholic drink
（酒）醉的
They've put wine in her fruit juice to get her drunk.
他们把酒倒进她的果汁里，把她灌醉。
I was a bit drunk at the time so I don't remember much.
那时候我有点醉了，所以我记不太清楚了。
2. behaving in a strange, unpleasant way (because of the excitement of sth.)
陶醉（于）
She is drunk with power.
她陶醉于权力。
consequence
n. 1. [C] sth. that is a result or effect of sth. else
结果，结局，影响
The consequence is that she lost everything she owned.
后果是她损失了所有的财产。
I missed the bus this morning and as a consequence was late for work.
今天早上我没有赶上公共汽车，结果上班迟到了。
2. [U] importance
重要性
He may be a man of consequence in his own country, but he's nobody here.
他在他自己的国家也许算是个要人，可是在这里却无足轻重。
"Was anything interesting said at the meeting?" "Nothing of any consequence."
"会上有没有说什么有趣的事儿？""没什么重要的事。"
system
n. 1. [C]an ordered set of ideas, methods, or ways of working
制度，体制；一套（工作）方法
Under our education system, you're supposed to be able to choose the type of schooling that your child receives.
我们的教育体制要求人们能选择他们的孩子受教育的类型。
Like a lot of companies, they have a system that people are generally promoted from within.
像许多公司一样，他们的体制是提拨 对象一般从内部员工中产生。
2. [C]a group of things or parts working together as a whole
系统，装置
There is a new central-heating system in this building.
这座大楼里有一套新的中央供热系统。
The cinema that I go to has a really good music system.
我去的那家电影院有很好的音响设备。
sanction
vt. give one's approval for (sth.); allow
批准，认可
I can't sanction your methods.
我不能同意你的办法。
He tried to get the government to sanction his plan.
他设法使政府批准他的计划。
n. 1. [U] approval for an action, a change, etc.
批准，认可
The book was translated without the sanction of the author.
翻译那本书未经作者许可。
The government gave its sanction to what the society had done.
协会的工作得到了政府的认可。
2. [C] a reason that stops people going against laws, rules, etc.
约束力，约束因素
Is prison the best sanction against a crime like this?
监禁是对这类犯罪的最好约束吗？
workaholism
n. [U] state of being workaholic
醉心工作，迷恋工作
Once workaholism sets in, it progresses through stages like those in taking drugs.
一旦犯了工作狂的毛病，其发展过程类似于吸毒。
employee
n. [C] a person who works for a company in return for money
雇员，被雇佣的人
The manager employed three employees.
经理雇佣了三个雇员。
The number of employees in the company has increased ten times over the past five years.
过去五年中，公司雇员数增加了十倍。
employer
n. [C]a person or company that employs others
雇主
They are not good employers.
他们不是好雇主。
Your former employer recommends you for this post.
你的前雇主推荐你担任这个职位。
loyal
a. true to sb./sth.
忠诚的，忠贞的
Jack has been a loyal worker in this company for almost 50 years.
杰克为这家公司忠实服务了近50年。
When all her friends left her, Steve remained loyal.
当其他朋友都离她而去的时候，史蒂夫仍忠诚不变。
hazard
vt. 1. subject (sth.) to danger; risk
使遭受危险，冒险
Rock-climbers are hazarding their lives.
攀岩的人正在冒着生命危险。
The policy hazarded the islands and put the lives of the inhabitants at risk.
这项政策使小岛面临危险，并把岛上居民的生命推向危险的境地。
2. take a risk to make or suggest
冒险做出；大胆提出
I don't know where he is but I could hazard a guess.
我不知道他在哪儿，但我可以大胆猜测一下。
He hazarded that the following examinations might be easier.
他大胆猜想接下来的考试会简单些。
n. [C] danger; risk
危险；风险
Smoking is a serious health hazard.
吸烟对健康是严重的危害。
Drivers faced the hazards of the ice and snow.
司机面临着冰雪的危险。
trap
vt. 1. keep (sb.) in a place from which he wants to move but cannot
使陷于困境，使落入圈套，使受限制
They were trapped in the burning hotel.
他们被困在燃烧着的旅馆中。
The two men died when they were trapped in the flood.
这两名男子在被洪水围困时丧生。
2. catch by a trick
设陷阱捕捉
She survived in the forest by trapping small animals and birds.
她靠着捕捉小动物和鸟类在森林中活了下来。
n. 1. [C] a device or hole for catching animals or people and preventing their escape
陷阱，捕捉机
The farmer sets traps to catch rats.
这个农夫用捕鼠器捕捉老鼠。
The rabbit was caught in a trap.
兔子掉进了陷阱。
2. [C] a dangerous or unpleasant situation which you have got into and from which it is difficult or impossible to escape
圈套，诡计
She's too clever to fall into the trap of doing any hard work.
她很聪明，不会中圈套去做任何困难的工作。
Is this question a trap?
这个问题是个圈套吗？
consumption
n. 1. [U] using up of food, energy, resource, etc.
消耗，消费
The meat was declared unfit for human consumption.
已宣布那种肉不适于人们食用。
Many of the goods they produce are not for national consumption.
他们生产的许多产品不供应国内消费。
2. [U] the amount used or eaten
消费量，消耗量
Recent health reports have advised us to reduce fat consumption.
最近的健康报告建议我们减少脂肪消费。
We have measured the car's fuel consumption.
我们已经测量了汽车的耗油量。
mode
n. [C] a way or manner in which sth. is done
方法，方式
Each department in the company has its own mode of operation and none of them is compatible.
公司的每一部门都有自己的运作方式，它们互相之间都不相容。
You'll have to change your mode of life now that you have a baby.
你有孩子了，你得改变一下你的生活方式了。
merchant
n. [C] a businessman; a trader
商人
a coal merchant
煤炭商
The main canals in Amsterdam are lined with houses built by rich merchants in the 17th and 18th centuries.
阿姆斯特丹的主要运河两岸排列着十七、十八世纪富商建造的房子。
rack
vt. cause physical or mental pain, or trouble
使（肉体或精神）受痛苦，使受折磨，给……造成麻烦（此词在文中与up连用，意义为"积累"。）
The dog was already racked by the pains of old age.
那只狗早就为衰老带来的病痛所折磨。
He was racked with doubts.
他因疑惑而深感不安。
necessarily
ad. as a sure result
必然地，必定地
Big men aren't necessarily strong men.
身材高大的人未必强壮。
You may love someone without necessarily wanting to marry him or her.
你可以爱一个人，但不一定愿意和他（她）结婚。
evident
a. obvious (to the eye or mind); clear
明显的，显然的，清楚的
It must be evident to all of you that he has made a mistake.
你们大家一定都清楚他犯了一个错误。
Harry's courage during his illness was evident to everyone.
哈里在病中所表现出来的勇气每个人都很清楚。
competition
n. [U, C] a state or an activity in which people compete
竞争
We're in competition with several other companies for the agreement.
我们正与几家公司竞争这一合同。
There was a competition to find the prettiest baby.
曾举办过一项评选最可爱的婴儿的比赛。
lane
n. 1. [C] a strip of road marked out for single line of traffic
车道
the inside lane
内车道
The southbound lane is closed because of an accident.
南向的车道因为一起事故而关闭了。
2. [C] a narrow road in the countryside or in a town
小路，小巷
I live at the end of Church Lane.
我住在教堂巷尽头处。
It is very dangerous to drive fast along narrow country lanes.
在狭窄的乡村小路上开快车是很危险的。
discharge
vt. 1. give or send out
放出，流出
Lightning is caused by clouds discharging electricity.
闪电是由云层放电而产生的。
Large amounts of dangerous waste are discharged daily by the factory.
这家工厂每天排放出大量危险的废物。
2. give official sanction for sb. to leave
放行，让……离去
Patients were discharged from hospital because the beds were needed by other people.
由于其他人需要床位，病人们被允许出院。
Because of the cutting down of the sales, half of our employees were discharged.
因为销售额的降低，我们一半的员工被解雇了。
vi. give or send out
排出，流出
The wound is still discharging.
伤口还在流脓。
The oil which discharged into the sea seriously harmed a lot of birds and animals.
泄入大海的石油严重危害了为数众多的鸟类和动物。
n. [U, C] sth. which is discharged
排出物，流出物
Thousands of fish were killed as a result of a discharge of poisonous chemicals from a nearby factory.
附近一家工厂排放的有毒化学物质造成了成千上万的鱼死亡。
Discharges from the factory are entirely safe.
工厂的排出物绝对安全。
competitive
a. 1. (of people) having a strong wish to win
（指人）有强烈竞争意识的，好胜心强的
You have to be highly competitive to do well in sports nowadays.
要在当今体育比赛中获胜，需要有强烈的竞争意识。
You're very competitive! It's meant to be a friendly match.
你的好胜心太强了！这只是场友谊赛。
2. of, based on, or decided by competition
竞争的，取决于竞争的
How will such a small company survive in the competitive world of business?
这么小的一家企业将如何在竞争激烈的商业社会里生存下去呢？
Sports are very competitive. You've got to really push yourself if you want to succeed.
体育的竞争性是很强的--如果想要成功，你就得竭尽全力。
grief
n. 1. [U] deep or violent sad feeling
悲伤，忧伤，悲恸
You mustn't say "I know how you feel" as each person's grief is unique.
你不能说"我知道你的感受"，因为每个人的悲伤心情都只有自己清楚。
I'd no idea that forgetting his birthday would cause him so much grief.
我没想到忘了他的生日会使他如此伤心。
2. [C] sth. causing such feelings
伤心的事，令人悲伤的事
His marriage was a great grief to his parents.
他的婚姻让父母伤心极了。
The son and mother were unable to communicate their grief.
儿子和母亲彼此无法了解各自的伤心事。
trait
n. [C] a characteristic
品质，特点
One of his less attractive traits is criticizing his wife in public.
他的缺点之一是当众数落自己的妻子。
His sense of humor is one of his better traits.
幽默感是他比较好的性格特点之一。
equate
vt. consider as the same; connect in mind
等同，同等对待
He equates poverty with suffering.
他把贫穷和痛苦等同起来。
You can't equate the education system of Britain to that of Germany.
你不能把英国的教育制度和德国的相提并论。
equation
n. 1. [C] a statement that two expressions are equal
方程式，等式
In the equation 3x-3=15, x=6.
在方程式3x-3=15中，x=6。
2. [C] the action of making equal or regarding as equal
等同
The equation of power with happiness can be dangerous.
把权力和幸福等同起来有时候很危险。
presumably
ad. it may be supposed that
推测起来，大概，可能
She is aware of the difficulties, presumably?
可能她知道存在的困难吧？
Presumably you've heard the news?
可能你已经听到这个消息了吧？
denial
n. 1. [C] a statement that sth. is not true
否认，否定
His denial of responsibility for the accident was not convincing.
他否认自己对事故负有责任，这是不能让人相信的。
Nobody believes their repeated denials of guilt.
没人相信他们重复再三的无罪声明。
2. the act or an example of refusing to give or accept
拒绝给予，拒绝接受
We criticize the denial of basic human freedoms.
我们批评剥夺基本的自由权。
Prejudice on grounds of race is the most basic denial of equal opportunities.
种族歧视是对机会均等的根本否定。
rational
a. 1. not foolish; having common sense; reasonable
合理的，明智的
There must be a perfectly rational explanation for what happened.
对所发生的事一定给一个非常合理的解释。
We need to decide what would be the most rational way of action.
我们需要确定什么是最合理的行动方式。
2. showing clear thought
理智的，理性的
She was too sad to be rational.
她伤心过度，失去理智。
Man is a rational being.
人是理性动物。
rationalize
vt. provide an explanation for
阐述理由，说明理由，自圆其说
He rationalized his decision to leave the job by saying that he wanted to spend more time with his family.
他阐述了决定辞职的理由，说他想多花些时间和家人在一起。
Tom's parents sometimes find it difficult to rationalize his behavior.
汤姆的父母有时候发现很难理解他的行为。
rationalization
n. [U, C] the action of providing an explanation
阐述理由，说明理由
deny
vt. 1. declare untrue; refuse to accept as a fact
否认，不承认
He denied knowing anything about it.
他否认知道这事。
You mustn't deny your true feelings.
你不该否认自己的真实感情。
2. refuse to give or allow
拒绝，不给
He gave to his friends what he denied to his family.
他把不肯给家人的东西给了朋友。
No one should be denied a good education.
不应该剥夺任何人接受良好教育的权利。
schedule
n. 1. [C] a program of work to be done
进度表，程序表
His schedule for this week is full.
他这个星期的日程表排得满满的了。
We've planned our teaching schedule for the next six months.
我们已安排好了接下来六个月的教学计划。
2. [C] a timetable
时间表，时刻表
airline schedule
飞机时刻表
vt. arrange sth. for a certain time
安排，排定
She is scheduled to give a speech today.
她定于今晚作演讲。
The train was scheduled to arrive at 8:45, but it's running twenty minutes late.
这列火车预定于8:45到达，但是它误点了20分钟。
indispensable
a. too important or too useful to be without
必不可少的，不可或缺的，绝对必要的
Air, food and water are indispensable to life.
空气、食物与水是生命所必不可缺少的。
She's good but not indispensable for the team; no player is.
她是个优秀队员，但并非是必不可少的队员--任何队员都不是必不可少的。
ambition
n. 1. [C, U] strong desire for success, power or money
野心，雄心，抱负
She denies that she has any political ambitions.
她否认自己有任何政治上的野心。
My family is more important to me than political affairs and personal ambition.
我的家庭对我来说比政治事务和个人抱负更为重要。
2. [C] the object of a desire
（具体的）抱负目标
He has already achieved his main ambition in life - to become rich.
他已实现了生活中的主要目标--发财致富。
I've always had a burning ambition to be a film actor.
我一直雄心勃勃，想成为一名电影演员。
durable
a. lasting for a long time
耐用的，持久的
Our friendship is durable.
我们的友谊是永恒的。
It calls for a durable solution in the area.
在该地区需要一个持久的解决方法。
welfare
n. [U] physical and mental health and happiness, esp. of a person
（尤指人的）幸福，福利，安康
The police are very concerned for the welfare of the missing child.
警察非常担心失踪儿童的健康。
These organizations have fought very hard for the rights and welfare of the people.
这些组织一直在非常努力地争取人民的权利和福利。
summarize
vt. make a brief statement of the main points
概述
Could you summarize the plot so far because I haven't seen any of it?
我一点也没看，你能把情节跟我大致说一下吗？
I'll just summarize the main points if I may.
如果可以的话我只概括要点。
volleyball
n. [U] 排球，排球运动
means
n. 1. a method or way (of doing sth.)
方法，途径
She tried to explain by means of e-mails.
她试图通过电子邮件来解释。
There is no means to find the missing money.
根本无法找到不见了的钱。
2. (pl.) money that lets you buy things
钱财，财力，财富
He has the means to be able to buy half the houses in the street if he wanted to.
只要他愿意，他有足够的财力买下这条街上的半数房产。
They described him as a man of means.
他们将他形容成一个富翁。
other than
except
除了
She has no close friends other than him.
除了他以外，她没有别的亲密朋友了。
We missed the last bus so there was no choice other than to walk home.
我们没赶上最后一班公交车，所以只能步行回家了。
on the other hand
as an opposite point
另一方面
I'd like a job that pays more, but on the other hand I enjoy the work I'm doing now.
我喜欢薪水高的工作，但另一方面我又喜欢现在的工作。
She plans to spend her holiday in Spain; on the other hand, she really wants to stay at home relaxing.
她计划去西班牙度假，另一方面，她又很想呆在家里放松放松。
suffer from
experience (sth. unpleasant, such as an illness), esp. over a long period of time or habitually
患有（疾病等）； 为……所苦
He made a wrong decision; now he's suffering from it.
他做了一个错误的决定；现在正自食其果。
She's been suffering from headache for two years.
她这两年一直头痛。
to the contrary
indicating or proving the opposite
（表示或证明）相反地
I will come on Monday unless you write to the contrary.
我将于星期一来，除非你写信不让我来。
If I don't hear to the contrary I'll see you at the station at ten.
如无变动，十点钟我在车站见你。
burn the midnight oil
study or work until late at night
（学习、工作）到深夜，开夜车
She takes her exams next week, so she's burning the midnight oil.
她下星期要参加考试，所以在开夜车。
He's been burning the midnight oil over the last few weeks because he's been trying to finish writing up his paper.
前几个星期他一直工作到深夜， 因为他正努力完成他的论文。
at risk
in danger
处于危险之中
The whole future of the company is at risk.
这家公司的前途都处在危险之中。
A young woman out alone at night is at risk.
年轻女子在夜间单独外出是危险的。
tend to do sth.
be likely to behave in a particular way or have a particular characteristic
倾向于，易于，往往会
She tends not to go away in the summer.
她夏天通常不外出。
We tend to get cold winters and warm, dry summers in this part of the country.
在该国的这个地区，冬季通常极其寒冷，夏季往往温暖干燥。
rack up
increase in number or amount step by step
积累，积聚，逐步增加
Great losses were racked up by the airlines during this period.
这段时期航空公司损失惨重。
Still greater sales are racked up by putting the designer's name on the package.
把设计者的名字印在包装上来促销。
the Stone Age
石器时代
The Stone Age has been divided into two periods: the Old Stone Age and the New Stone Age.
石器时代分为两个阶段：旧石器时代和新石器时代。
fear for
be concerned about sb./sth.
担心，忧虑
I fear for her safety in this weather.
在这种天气情况下，我担心她的安全。
All mothers fear for their children when they first leave home.
所有的母亲都为初次出门的孩子们担心。
tie to
cause to be connected with or dependent on
使联系在一起；使依附于
Canada is tightly tied to American economy.
加拿大与美国经济密切相连。
escape from
get free from; get away from
逃脱，逃避
Romantic novels can let you escape from reality.
浪漫小说可使你忘记现实。
Young people often wish to escape from their parents.
年轻人常常希望摆脱他们的父母。
at work
at the place where one works; doing sth. esp. work
在工作的地方，在工作
Please don't ring me at work.
上班时请不要给我打电话。
I drank a cup of coffee at work.
我一边工作一边喝了杯咖啡。
devote to
give (one's energy, time, etc.) to sb./sth.
献身于，致力于，专心于
He devotes all his efforts to this task.
他全身心地投入到这项任务中去。
He devoted every Saturday afternoon to fishing.
每个星期六下午他都钓鱼。
come in
appear; happen
出现，发生
This is where the mistakes come in.
这就是错误之所在。
Have the results from the blood test come in yet?
验血的结果出来了没有？
put all one's eggs in one basket
risk everything one has on the success of one plan
孤注一掷
Insurance companies generally spread a large risk among several companies, so that they don't put all their eggs in one basket.
保险公司通常把大的风险分给几家公司承担，这样他们就不会独家孤注一掷了。
I'm applying for several jobs because I don't really want to put all my eggs in one basket.
我正在申请几项工作，因为我不想把所有的希望寄托在一家公司上。
