Skip navigation.
Home

8.3 冠词

第三节 冠词

    冠词有两种,一是不定冠词a/an,另外一种是定冠词the(有的语法学家说有三种冠词,这另外一种是零念冠词,这里我们不讨论)。

一、不定冠词及其用法
(一)可数名词在表泛指时,要加不定冠词"a/an"表示"一个","每一"相当于one或表示某一

  1. Hurricanes(飓风) are tropical storms [A] in which winds attain speeds above [B] seventyfive miles the hour [C] and carry heavy rains [D] with them.
  2. Laser beams can carry [A] longdistance signals in way [B] somewhat [C] similar to [D] radio waves.

(二)a用在辅音音素(即音标中的辅音而不是辅音字母)之前,如a European scientist。an用在元音音素(音标中的元音而不是指元音字母)之前,如an Xray examination

  1. The [A] United States Supreme Court raised [B] new questions with an favorable [C] ruling on [D] a tuition tax deduction measure.
  2. George Washington, the son of an [A] wealthy planter, became [B] an [C] important American military [D] leader.
  3. When Keith visited Alaska, he lived [A] in a [B] igloo(爱斯基摩人的圆顶茅屋) in the winter months [C] as well as [D] in the spring.

(三)跟汉语一样,并列的两个单数名词表示一个概念,第二个名词前的不定冠词a可以省去,以避免重复

  1. "What is she?" "She is _____ . "
    [A] a singer and a dancer
    [B] a singer and dancer
    [C] the singer and the dancer
    [D] singer and dancer

二、定冠词的用法
(一)一般来说,普通名词有特指和泛指,如果特指,就要加定冠词;如果泛指,可数名词前加不定冠词,或用其复数形式

  1. Eagles(鹰) have such the [A] long, broad wings [B] and tails that they look clumsy(姿势不雅观的) [C] while they are on the [D] ground.

(二)定冠词the主要和名词连用,表示某些特定的人或事物

  1. In the early years of the Republic, George Washington proposed [A] the establish [B] of a [C] university in the nation's [D] capital.
  2. Jane Addams was a dedicated [A] American social worker of early twentieth century [B] who [C] received the [D] Nobel Peace Prize.

(三)由of引起的限定性短语(作定语)所修饰的词前加the

  1. Quantum(量子) physics [A] lies [B] at a [C] heart of the [D] physical sciences.
  2. A size [A] of the United States Supreme Court was the [B] focal point of one [C] of the most famous attacks on [D] the federal judiciary.
  3. The boy ran between clump(树丛) of trees [A] and climbed [B] a tree to get a closer [C] look at [D] the place.

(四)表示身体的某一部位,用the代替物主代词my, our, your, his, her等

  1. He took the old woman by _____ hand.
    [A] the
    [B] a
    [C] her
    [D] his

(五)表示江河海洋,海峡海湾,山脉和群岛及有些湖泊之前用the

  1. Great Lakes [A] , between the United States and Canada, contain [B] enough water to cover [C] the whole continental United States to a depth [D] of ten feet.

(六)定冠词the加姓氏的复数,表示某某一家人,如果做主语,谓语动词要用复数

  1. _____ are so excited, for they bought a lot of furniture the other day.
    [A] Browns
    [B] The Browns
    [C] The Brown
    [D] A Brown

(七)当一个抽象名词,不表示一般的概念而是表示某一特定的内容时加定冠词the

  1. Since beginning [A] of photography, inventors have tried [B] to make [C] photographs that duplicate natural [D] colors.

(八)由 普通名词 和一些 其他词 构成的专有名词前加the

    the People's Republic of China

三、例题解析

  1. C错。改为"an hour"。这里的不定冠词表示"每一",相当于介词"per",而"the hour"表特定的时刻,在此处讲不通。
  2. B错。 改为in a way。
  3. C错。 改为a favorable。
  4. A错。 改为a。
  5. B错。 改为an。
  6. B为正确答案。
  7. A错。 改为such。
  8. B错。改为"establishment"。冠词后必须使用名词(或形容词+名词),而此题中的"establish(建立)"为动词,故改为名词"estabishment"。
  9. B错。改为of the early twentieth century。
  10. C错。 改为the。
  11. A错。 改为the size。
  12. A错。 改为the clump of trees。
  13. A为正确答案。
  14. A错。 改为The Great Lakes。
  15. B为正确答案。
  16. A错。 改为Since the beginning。